Developing a Reagent Application Ontology within the OBO Foundry Framework

!

!"#"$%&'()*+*,"+)"(-*.&&$'/+-'%(*0(-%$%)1*

2'-3'(*-3"*040*5%6(781*58+9"2%8:**

!"##$%&'()'*+,-$^./'01234%'5"-14%6-78^./'9"+43':3+;1"1^./' :%;144%'<3$;-3;⁼/'9$+1-'>$"??%+^./'!%41--"'@)'("%;A%4^.'' '

.B+%C3;'(%"4#$'";A'>21%;2%'D;16%+-1#8/'E3+#4";A/'BF/'D>@G'⁼("+6"+A'D;16%+-1#8/'9"HI+1AC%/'!@/'D>@'

'

;** <(-8%76/-'%(*

J;'41C$#'3?'#$%'1;2+%"-1;C'23HK4%L1#8'";A'23-#'3?' I13H%A12"4'+%-%"+2$/'#$%'"I141#8'#3'?1;A'";A'+%M ,-%' +%-%"+2$' +%-3,+2%-' $"-' %H%+C%A' "-' ";' 1HK3+#";#' 2$"44%;C%' ?3+' 1;?3+H"#13;'

#%2$;343C1%-' #3' "AA+%--)' @H3;C' #$%' H3-#'

%LK%;-16%' +%-3,+2%-' #3' K+3A,2%/' ";A' 2$"44%;C1;C' #3' A1-236%+/' "+%' #$%' H"#%+1"4' +%"C%;#-' %HK438%A' 1;' K%+?3+H1;C' I13H%A12"4'

%LK%+1H%;#-)' :$%' %"C4%M1' 93;-3+#1,H' N&&&)%"C4%M1)3+CO$3H%P'+%K+%-%;#-'";'3K%;'";A' 2344"I3+"#16%' %??3+#' #3' A%6%43K' 3;#343C8MA+16%;'

"KK412"#13;-' "1H%A' "#' 2"#"43C1;C' I13H%A12"4' +%-%"+2$' +%-3,+2%-/' 1;24,A1;C' +%"C%;#-/' ";A' H"71;C' #$%H' "6"14"I4%' #$+3,C$' "' -%H";#12' -%"+2$' K3+#"4)' (%+%/' &%' A%-2+1I%' #$%' A%6%43KH%;#' 3?' "' +%"C%;#' 3;#343C8' H3A,4%'

&1#$1;' 3,+' 4"+C%+' %"C4%M1' 3;#343C8/' #$"#' ,-%-' BK%;'*13H%A12"4'B;#343C1%-'NB*BP'Q3,;A+8'R.S' I%-#' K+"2#12%-' #3'?"2141#"#%' 1;#%+3K%+"I141#8' ";A'

%L#%;A'%L#%+;"4'3;#343C8'%??3+#-)''

@-' K"+#' 3?' ";' ¶"KK412"#13;' 3;#343C8·/' 7%8' C3"4-' ?3+' #$%' %"C4%M1' +%"C%;#' H3A,4%' &%+%' #3' +%K+%-%;#' +%"4' A"#"' 2344%2#%A' ?+3H' +%-%"+2$' 4"I3+"#3+1%-/'";A'#3'A+16%'#$%',-%+M1;#%+?"2%'NDJP'

";A' "KK412"#13;' 43C12' 3?' A"#"' 2344%2#13;' ";A' -%"+2$'#334-)'F%"C%;#'H3A%41;C'&"-'1;?3+H%A'I8'

";"48-1-' 3?' A"#"' 2344%2#%A' ?+3H' K"+#121K"#1;C' 4"I3+"#3+1%-/' &$%+%I8' -%6%;' #3KM4%6%4' +%"C%;#' 2"#%C3+1%-' &%+%' 1A%;#1?1%A)' :$%-%' 1;24,A%A'

¶@;#1I3A8/·' ¶9%44' T1;%/·' ¶9$%H12"4' F%"C%;#/·'

¶93;-#+,2#/·' ¶0,24%12' @21A' F%"C%;#/·' ¶E+3#%1;'

F%"C%;#/·' ";A' ¶F%"C%;#' T1I+"+8·' 24"--%-)' @;'

%U,"448'1HK3+#";#'C3"4'1;'A%6%43K1;C'#$%'+%"C%;#' H3A,4%' &"-' #3' ?"2141#"#%' 1;#%+3K%+"I141#8' ";A' 41;71;C' 3?' A"#"' "2+3--' -8-#%H-/' -,2$' #$"#' +%"C%;#-'A%-2+1I%A'1;'%"C4%M1' 23,4A' I%' 41;7%A' #3'

%LK%+1H%;#-/'K+3#3234-/'K,I412"#13;-/'3+'A"#"'-%#-' 2"#"43C%A'1;'%L#%+;"4'-3,+2%-)':$1-'T1;7%A'BK%;' V"#"' NTBVP' R=S' "KK+3"2$' 2";' "AA' -1C;1?12";#' 6"4,%' #3' A"#"' +%K3-1#3+1%-/' K"+#12,4"+48' &$%;'

#$%1+' ,;A%+481;C' 3;#343C8' H3A%4-' "+%' 43C12"448' 1;#%C+"#%A' #3' "443&' 23HK,#"#13;"4' +%"-3;1;C'

"2+3--' 41;7%A' I3A1%-' 3?' A"#")' :$1-' "KK+3"2$' -%+6%-' ;3#' 3;48' #3' %;$";2%' #$%' K%+?3+H";2%' 3?'

#$%' %"C4%M1' -%"+2$' K3+#"4' I8' %LK43A1;C' #$%' 1;?3+H"#13;' 41;7%A' #3' 2"#"43C%A' +%-3,+2%-/' I,#' 2";'"4-3'-,KK3+#'"'+";C%'3?'%L#%+;"4'"KK412"#13;-'

#$"#'2";'I%'?%A'I8'#$%'A"#"'$3,-%A'1;'#$%'%"C4%M1' +%K3-1#3+8)' :3' K+3H3#%' 1;#%+3K%+"I141#8' ";A' K,I412"#13;'3?'TBV/'&%'4337%A'#3'B*B'Q3,;A+8' T1I+"+8' "-' -%#' 3?' 3+#$3C3;"4' 3;#343C1%-' &1#$'

&$12$' #3' "41C;' 3,+' %??3+#-)' :$%' B*B' Q3,;A+8' K+361A%-'";'%63461;C'-%#'3?'-$"+%A'K+1;21K4%-'?3+' 3;#343C8'A%6%43KH%;#/'";A'$3,-%-'"'2344%2#13;'3?'

¶+%?%+%;2%'3;#343C1%-·'A%-1C;%A'"223+A1;C'#3'#$%-%' -#";A"+A-)' J;' A%6%43K1;C' 3,+' +%"C%;#' 3;#343C8' H3A,4%/'B*B'K+1;21K4%-'";A'+%?%+%;2%'3;#343C1%-'

&%+%'23;-,4#%A'";A'+%,-%A'"-'A%-2+1I%A'I%43&)

'''

=** >3"*0(-%$%)'/+$*

?+-68"*%@*,"+)"(-A**

:$%' #%+H'¶+%"C%;#·' H%";-' A1??%+%;#' #$1;C-' #3' A1??%+%;#' K%3K4%)' Q3+' %L"HK4%/' 1;' 2$%H1-#+8' "' +%"C%;#' 1-' 23;-1A%+%A' ";' 1;%+#' -,I-#";2%' #$"#' 2"#"48W%-' "' +%"2#13;/' &$14%' 1;' I13H%A12"4' +%-%"+2$/' +%"C%;#-' -K";' "' I+3"A%+' +";C%' 3?' C+";,4"+1#1%-/'";A'H1C$#'I%'";8'H"#%+1"4'%;#1#8' 1;K,#' 1;#3' ";' %LK%+1H%;#' NA+,C-/' ";#1I3A1%-/' 2%44' 41;%-/' %#2P)' J;' #$1-' -%;-%/' +%"C%;#-' "+%' A%?1;%A' I8' #$%1+' K4"81;C' "' +34%' "' -21%;#1?12'

%LK%+1H%;#)' Q3+' 1;-#";2%/' ";#1I3A1%-' %L1-#'

;"#,+"448' 1;' 3+C";1-H-' &$%+%' #$%8' -%+6%' #3'

?1C$#'1;?%2#13;/'I,#'#$3-%'"KK41%A'#3'A%#%2#'-3H%'

";"48#%' 1;' ";' %LK%+1H%;#"4' -%##1;C' "+%' 23;-1A%+%A'+%"C%;#-)'>1H14"+48/'H";8'2$%H12"4' 23HK3,;A-' "+%' K+3A,2%A' ;"#,+"448' #$+3,C$' I1343C12"4'K+32%--%-'N";#1I13#12-/'#3L1;-/'%#2P/'I,#' U,"41?8' "-' +%"C%;#-' 3;48' 1?' ,-%A' 1;' "' +%-%"+2$' 1;6%-#1C"#13;)' :3' 2"K#,+%' #$1-' 1A%"/' &%' $"6%' A%?1;%A' +%"C%;#-' "-'´H"#%+1"4' %;#1#1%-' ,-%A' 1;'

";' %LK%+1H%;#"4' K+32%--' #3' A%#%2#/' H%"-,+%/' ,&%2,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ%LRPHGLFDO2QWRORJ\

-XO\ā%XIIDOR1<86$

!

!"#$%&!'( )*( +*),-.!( )/0!*( 1-21/#&.!1µ3(

4..)*,%&567'( .6#11%8%.#/%)&( )8( #( $#/!*%#6( !&/%/7(

#1( #( *!#5!&/( ,!+!&,1( &)/( )&( 1)$!( 10#*!,(

+071%.#6( #//*%2-/!'( 2-/( *#/0!*( )&( %/1( -1!( %&( #(

+#*/%.-6#*( .)&/!"/( 92%)$!,%.#6( !"+!*%$!&/#:

/%)&;( #&,( 8)*( #( 1+!.%8%.( +-*+)1!( 9/)( 5!&!*#/!(

,#/#( )*( )/0!*( $#/!*%#61( 8)*( !"+!*%$!&/#/%)&;3(

<0!*!8)*!'( *#/0!*( /0#&( #11!*/( /0#/( $#/!*%#6(

!&/%/%!1(#*!($!$2!*1()8(#(*!#5!&/(.6#11(%&()-*(

)&/)6)57'(/0!7(#*!(.6#11%8%!,(=%/0()/0!*(!&/%/%!1(

/0#/(10#*!(.)$$)&(%&0!*!&/(+071%.#6(8!#/-*!1'(

#&,(%&8!**!,(/)(2!(*!#5!&/1(2#1!,()&(#&(#"%)$(

#11!*/%&5( /0!%*( *)6!( %&( 1.%!&/%8%.( !"+!*%$!&/#:

/%)&3(>)*(!"#$+6!'(#(¶+6#1$%,·(%1(.6#11%8%!,(#1(#(

1-2/7+!( )8( ¶,)-26!:1/*#&,!,( ?@4·'( #&,(

,!1.*%2!,(27(#&(#"%)$(/0#/(%&,%.#/!1(%/(/)(+6#7(

#(¶*!#5!&/(*)6!·3((41(,!1.*%2!,(2!6)='(/0!(ABC:

?C(6#&5-#5!(%&(=0%.0()-*()&/)6)57(%1(=*%//!&(

)88!*1( $!.0#&%1$1( 8)*( -1%&5( 1-.0( #"%)$1( /)(

5!&!*#/!( #( -&%8%!,( 0%!*#*.07( )8( *!#5!&/1( /0#/(

$!!/1()-*(#++6%.#/%)&(&!!,13(!

"!! #$%&'(')*$+!,*)-./*0%!1)*&+.'.!!

<=)( D!7( +*%&.%+6!1( #,E).#/!,( 27( /0!( AFA(

>)-&,*7( #*!(!"#$%&'$%()!*!#+'( =0!*!27( !"%1/%&5(

)&/)6)5%!1( #&,( .6#11!1( #*!( *!:-1!,( =0!&!E!*(

+)11%26!'(#&,(&%#,&-&"(*!#+'(=0!*!27($),!6%&5()8(

#( +#*/%.-6#*( ,)$#%&( .)&E!*5!1( -+)&( #( 1%&56!(

*!8!*!&.!( )&/)6)573( G&( D!!+%&5( =%/0( /0!1!(

+*%&.%+6!1'(=!(+!*8)*$!,(#(+*!6%$%&#*7(#&#671%1(

)8( !"%1/%&5( )&/)6)5%.#6( *!+*!1!&/#/%)&1( )8(

*!#5!&/1(/)(,!/!*$%&!(=0!/0!*(#&7($%50/()88!*(#(

1%&56!'( .)$+*!0!&1%E!( $),!6( /0#/( .)-6,( 2!(

#,#+/!,( /)( $!!/( )-*( #++6%.#/%)&:1+!.%8%.( &!!,13(

4&(!"#$%&#/%)&()8(/0!(HII()&/)6)5%!1(.#/#6)5!,(

27(/0!(@#/%)&#6(J!&/!*(8)*(F%)$!,%.#6(A&/)6)57(

9@JFA;( F%)+)*/#6( KLM( *!E!#6!,( E!*7( 6%$%/!,(

$),!6%&5()8(*!#5!&/13(4(¶*!#5!&/·(.6#11(#++!#*!,(

%&(8!=!*(/0#&(/!&()&/)6)5%!1'(#&,(&)&!()8(/0!1!(

)88!*!,( 1-88%.%!&/( 6)5%.#6( ,!1.*%+/%)&1( )*(

.6#11%8%.#/%)&( )8( *!#5!&/( 1-2/7+!1( 8)*( )-*(

#++6%.#/%)&( &!!,13( B0#/( 1+#*1!( $),!6%&5( 0#,(

2!!&( ,)&!( =#1( %&.)&1%1/!&/'( =%/0( ¶*!#5!&/·(

.6#11!1( 2!%&5( $),!6!,( #6/!*&#/!67( #1(¶$#/!*%#6(

!&/%/%!1·'( ¶*)6!1·'( #&,( ¶8!#/-*!1·( %&( ,%88!*!&/(

)&/)6)5%!13(<0%1($),!6%&5(=#1(#61)(*!1/*%./!,(%&(

1.)+!'( )8/!&( ,!1.*%2%&5( )&67( /0)1!( *!#5!&/1(

1+!.%8%.( 8)*( #( +#*/%.-6#*( ,)$#%&'( #++6%.#/%)&'( )*(

5*#&-6#*%/73( <0!*!8)*!'( .)&E%&.!,( /0#/( &)(

!"%1/%&5( *!1)-*.!( )88!*!,( #( 1-%/#26!'(

.)$+*!0!&1%E!'(#&,(2*)#,67(#++6%.#26!($),!6()8(

*!#5!&/1(8)*()-*(&!!,1()*(/0#/()8(/0!(.)$$-&%/7(

#/(6#*5!'(=!(1!/()-/(/)(.)&1/*-./()&!3(

2!! 34-%&')5!100$4*/6!

N#E%&5( 8)-&,( &)( 1-%/#26!( *!+*!1!&/#/%)&( )8(

*!#5!&/1( #$)&5( !"%1/%&5( )&/)6)5%!1'( )-*(

6#&,1.#+!( #&#671%1( =#1( !"/!&,!,( =%/0( /=)(

JRDOV LQ PLQG WR LGHQWLI\ ´VRXUFHµ )&/)6)5%!1( 8*)$( =0%.0( /)( *!:-1!( %&,%E%,-#6(

.6#11!1( *!+*!1!&/%&5( *!#5!&/( /7+!1( 9!&1-*%&5(

%&/!*)+!*#2%6%/7;O( #&,( 9H;( /)( %,!&/%87( #&(

DSSURSULDWH´KRPHµ)&/)6)57(%&(=0%.0(/)(*!:-1!(

/0!1!( .6#11!1( /)( .)&1/*-./( )-*( *!#5!&/( $),!6((

9!&1-*%&5( )*/0)5)&#6%/7;3( ( F!6)='( =!( ,!1.*%2!(

)-*( +6#&1( 8)*( %,!&/%87%&5( 1)-*.!( #&,( 0)$!(

)&/)6)5%!1'( #&,( /0!%*( *)6!1( %&( ,!E!6)+%&5( #(

1/#&,:#6)&!( *!#5!&/( )&/)6)57( $),-6!( /0#/(

$!!/1(!#56!:%(#++6%.#/%)&(&!!,13(

(

278!94:$/%!;)<4&45'%.!=4$!>%*5%)<.!

(

P!#5!&/1(#*!(*!+*!1!&/!,(#.*)11($#&7(6!E!61()8(

5*#&-6#*%/7(²( 8*)$( 1$#66( $)6!.-6!1( 1-.0( #1(

,*-51( #&,( .0!$%.#61'( /)( 2%)6)5%.#6( $#.*)$)6!:

.-6!1( 1-.0( #1( +*)/!%&1( )*( ?@4( .)&1/*-./1'( /)(

.!661( #&,( .!66( 6%&!1'( /)( 6%2*#*%!1( .)$+*%1!,( )8(

6#*5!(.)66!./%)&1()8(+!+/%,!1()*(5!&)$%.(.6)&!13(

Q#&7( )8( /0!1!( *!#5!&/( /7+!1( #*!( *!+*!1!&/!,(

#.*)11( /0!( AFA( 6%2*#*7( )8( )&/)6)5%!1'( 2-/( #*!(

&)/( ,!8%&!,( /0!*!%&( #1( *!#5!&/13( >)*( !"#$+6!'(

+*)/!%&1( #*!( $),!6!,( %&( /0!( R*)/!%&( A&/)6)57(

9RPA;( KSM'( .0!$%.#61( #*!( *!+*!1!&/!,( %&( /0!(

J0!$%.#6( T&/%/%!1( )8( F%)6)5%.#6( G&/!*!1/(

A&/)6)57( 9J0TFG;( KUM'( #&,( $#&7( /7+!1( )8(

&-.6!%.( #.%,1( #*!( $),!6!,( %&( 2)/0( J0TFG( #&,(

/0!( V!W-!&.!( A&/)6)57( 9VA;( KIM3( B0!&(

$#/!*%#61( *!+*!1!&/%&5( *!#5!&/1( %&( )-*( 1!E!&(

/)+:6!E!6( .#/!5)*%!1( 8#66( =%/0%&( /0!( 1.)+!( )8(

!"%1/%&5()&/)6)5%!1'(*!6!E#&/(.6#11!1(8*)$(/0!1!(

1)-*.!1( =%66( 2!( %$+)*/!,( %&/)( )-*( 0)$!(

)&/)6)57'(=0!*!(/0!7(=%66(2!(!"/!&,!,(/)($),!6(

*!#5!&/13(>)*(!"#$+6!'(2!.#-1!(#66(%&1/#&.!1()8(

!#56!:%( ¶J)&1/*-./·( *!#5!&/1( #*!( /7+!1( )8(

¶J0TFGX(&-.6!%.(#.%,(Y(?@4(Y(,)-26!:1/*#&,!,(

?@4·'( /0!1!( .6#11!1( =%66( 2!( %$+)*/!,( 8*)$(

J0TFG(%&/)()-*(0)$!()&/)6)573((N!*!'(.)&1/*-./(

*!#5!&/1(#&,(/0!%*($)*!(1+!.%8%.(1-2/7+!1(9!353(

¶+6#1$%,·'(¶E%*#6( +6#1$%,·'(¶*!/*)E%*#6( +6#1$%,·;'(

=0%.0( 6%!( )-/1%,!( /0!( 1.)+!( )8( J0TFG'( =%66( 2!(

$),!6!,( 2!&!#/0( /0!( J0TFG(¶,)-26!:1/*#&,!,(

?@4·(.6#113((

(

!

!"#!!$%&'()%*+,'-'./%0'1%2'3)-4+.%5)6.)+,7!

!

"#! $%&'%()! *+&##%#! &$%! ,%-.(%,! /0! )1%.$!

2&$).*.2&).3(! .(! %42%$.5%()&+! 2$3*%##%#6! 7%!

,%)%$5.(%,!)1&)!)1%!2$3*%##83$.%()%,!9()3+3'0!

-3$! :.35%,.*&+! ;(<%#).'&).3(#! =9:;>! ?@A! 73B+,!

VHUYH DV D VXLWDEOH ´KRPHµ IRU RXU PRGHOLQJ

%--3$)#C! 9:;! .#! &(! &*).<%+0! ,%<%+32%,! 9:9!

-3B(,$0! *&(,.,&)%! 3()3+3'0! ,$.<%(! /0!

$%2$%#%()&).<%#! -$35! 3<%$! DE! $%#%&$*1!

*355B(.).%#6! 71.*1! ,%#*$./%#! &++! 21&#%#! 3-!

/.35%,.*&+!.(<%#).'&).3(#C!9:;!&+#3!53,%+#!)1%!

5&)%$.&+! %().).%#! )1&)! 2&$).*.2&)%! .(! )1%#%!

2$3*%##%#6! .(*+B,.('! $%&'%()#6! .(#)$B5%()#6!

#2%*.5%(#6! &(,! &'%()#C! FB$)1%$53$%6! 9:;! 1&#!

,%-.(%,! &! 5%*1&(.#5! -3$! .523$).('! =$%8B#.('>!

)%$5#! -$35! %4)%$(&+! #3B$*%#6! *&++%,! G;HI9J!

=G.(.5B5! ;(-3$5&).3(! )3! H%-%$%(*%! &(!

I4)%$(&+! 9()3+3'0! J%$5>! ?KAC! J1B#6! *+&##%#!

$%2$%#%().('!$%&'%()#!)1&)!&$%!.52+%5%()%,!.(!

YDULRXV ´VRXUFHµ RQWRORJLHV FDQ EH LPSRUWHG LQWR D VLQJOH ´KRPHµ RQWRORJ\ 2%, XVLQJ WKH G;HI9J!2$.(*.2+%C!

9(*%!&++!$%+%<&()!*+&##%#!&$%!&##%5/+%,!.(!

9:;6! 7%! 7.++! /%! &/+%! )3! .(-%$! &! #)&(,8&+3(%!

1.%$&$*10! 3-! $%&'%()#! #B--.*.%()! )3! ,$.<%! 3B$!

#B.)%! 3-! %&'+%8.! &22+.*&).3(#C! J1.#! 7.++! /%!

&*1.%<%,! /0! &))&*1.('! +3'.*&+! &4.35#! )3! &++!

*+&##%#! $%2$%#%().('! $%&'%()#! &##%$).('! )1&)!

)1%0! !"#"$$%&'()! /%&$! &! $%&'%()! $3+%C! "!

¶H%&'%()·!%LB.<&+%()!*+&##!*&(!)1%(!/%!*$%&)%,6!

&(,! ,%-.(%,! 7.)1! &!!"#"$$%&)* %!+* $,--'#'"!.!

&4.35!%LB&).('!.)! )3!&(0!¶5&)%$.&+!%().)0·!)1&)!

1&#!&!¶$%&'%()!$3+%·C!"(!9MN8ON!$%&#3(%$!*&(!

)1%(! '%(%$&)%! &(! .(-%$$%,!¶H%&'%()·! 1.%$&$*10!

)1&)! B(.)%#! &++! $%&'%()#! .(! 9:;C! J1.#! 7.++!

2$3<.,%! &! #.('+%! $%&'%()! 53,B+%6! %(*3,%,! .(!

9MNPHOF6!)1&)!*&(!/%!.523$)%,!.()3!3B$!%&'+%8 .! 3()3+3'0! )3! ,$.<%! &22+.*&).3(! -B(*).3(&+.)06!

71.+%! &+#3! 2$3<.,.('! .()%$32%$&/.+.)0! 7.)1!

%4)%$(&+! %--3$)#! )1&)! 23.()! )3! #1&$%,! 9:9!

*+&##%#!7%!B#%,!.(!3B$!53,%+C

! 8%% 9'+:-;74'+7%

9B$! &22$3&*1! -3$! &22+.*&).3(! 3()3+3'0!

,%<%+325%()! &.5#! )3! /&+&(*%! 2$&*).*&+! 2$3Q%*)!

$%LB.$%5%()#! 7.)1! 9:9! /%#)82$&*).*%#! )1&)!

#B223$)! .()%$32%$&/.+.)0! &(,! 3$)13'3(&+.)0C!

M1.+%! )1.#! &22$3&*1! *$%&)%#! #35%! .(.).&+!

3<%$1%&,! .(! )1%! -3$5! 3-! &! +&(,#*&2%! &(&+0#.#!

&(,! )%*1(.*&+! 1B$,+%#! )3! $%8B#.('! 3-! %4.#).('!

)%$5.(3+3'.%#6!.)!3--%$#!5&(0!+3('8)%$5!/%(%-.)#!

-3$! /3)1! &22+.*&).3(! ,%<%+32%$#! &(,! )1%!

*355B(.)0! &)! +&$'%C! F3$! %&'+%8.6! 3B$! $%&'%()!

53,%+.('! %--3$)#! 1&<%! /%%(! %(1&(*%,! .(! 5&(0!

7&0#! /0! &+.'(.('! 7.)1! 9:9! 2$.(*.2+%#C! F.$#)6!

7%! 1&<%! /%(%-.)%,! -$35! )1%! *3++&/3$&).<%!

(&)B$%! 3-! 3()3+3'0! ,%<%+325%()6! &22+0.('!

-%%,/&*R!&(,!$%#3B$*%#!-$35!F3B(,$0!5%5/%$#!

)37&$,! .52$3<.('! 3B$! $%&'%()! 53,%+C! S%*3(,6!

7%!&$%!*3()$./B).('!/&*R!)3!)1%!*355B(.)0!/0!

%4)%(,.('! #%<%$&+! F3B(,$0! 3()3+3'.%#! )3!

.(*+B,%! *+&##%#! &(,! 2$32%$).%#! $%+%<&()! )3! 3B$!

,35&.(!3-!.()%$%#)C!J1.$,6!7%!&$%!%(&/+.('!3B$!

&22+.*&).3(! )3! &**%##! &(,! B#%! ,&)&! -$35!

%4)%$(&+! #0#)%5#! /B.+)! 3(! 53,%+#! )1&)! *352+0!

7.)1!9:9!-3B(,$0!2$.(*.2+%#C!F.(&++06!7%!132%!

)3! 2$3<.,%! &! $%&'%()! 3()3+3'0! 53,B+%! #B.)&/+%!

-3$! $%8B#%! .(! )1%! *355B(.)06! 71.*1! 7.++!

*3().(B%! )3! &,,! <&+B%! )3! %&'+%8.! /0! %42&(,.('!

,&)&!&<&.+&/+%!)3!)1%!#0#)%5C!!

5)0)1)+:)7%

TC! S5.)1! :6! "#1/B$(%$! G6! H3##%! U6! :&$,! V6! :B'! M6!

U%B#)%$#!M6!%)!&+C!J1%!9:9!F3B(,$0W!*33$,.(&)%,!

%<3+B).3(! 3-! 3()3+3'.%#! )3! #B223$)! /.35%,.*&+! ,&)&!

.()%'$&).3(C!X&)!:.3)%*1(3+!DEE@YDZ=TT>WTDZT8ZC!

DC! :.[%$!U!\J6!:%$(%$#8N%%6!JC!N.(R%,!,&)&8)1%!#)3$0!

#3!-&$C!;()C!VC!S%5&().*!M%/!;(-C!S0#)C!DEE]YZWT8DDC!

^C! HB/.(! ON6! N%7.#! SI6! GB('&++! UV6! G.#$&! S6!

M%#)%$-.%+,! G6! "#1/B$(%$! G6! %)! &+C! X&).3(&+!

U%()%$! -3$! :.35%,.*&+! 9()3+3'0W! &,<&(*.('!

/.35%,.*.(%! )1$3B'1! #)$B*)B$%,! 3$'&(.[&).3(! 3-!

#*.%().-.*!R(37+%,'%C!95.*#!DEE_YTE=D>WTKZ8]KC!

`C! X&)&+%!O"6!"$.'1.!UX6!:&$R%$!MU6!:+&R%!V"6!:B+)!

UV6! U&B,0! G6! %)! &+C! J1%! a$3)%.(! 9()3+3'0W! &!

#)$B*)B$%,! $%2$%#%()&).3(! 3-! 2$3)%.(! -3$5#! &(,!

*352+%4%#C! XB*+%.*! "*.,#! H%#Y^]=O&)&/&#%!

.##B%>WOZ^]8`ZC!

ZC! O%')0&$%(R3!b6!,%!G&)3#!a6!I((.#!G6!\&#).('#!V6!

c/.(,%(!G6!G*X&B'1)!"6!%)!&+C!U1I:;W!&!,&)&/&#%!

&(,! 3()3+3'0! -3$! *1%5.*&+! %().).%#! 3-! /.3+3'.*&+!

.()%$%#)C! XB*+%.*! "*.,#! H%#! DEEKY^_=O&)&/&#%!

.##B%>WO^``8ZEC!

_C! I.+/%*R! b6! N%7.#! SI6! GB('&++! UV6! %)! &+C! J1%!

S%LB%(*%! 9()3+3'0W! &! )33+! -3$! )1%! B(.-.*&).3(! 3-!

'%(35%!&((3)&).3(#C!d%(35%!:.3+!DEEZY_=Z>WH``C!

@C! :$.(R5&(!HH6!U3B$)3)!G6!O%$35!O6!F3#)%+!VG6!\%!

e6!N3$,!a6!%)!&+C!G3,%+.('!/.35%,.*&+!%42%$.5%()&+!

2$3*%##%#! 7.)1! 9:;C! V! :.35%,! S%5&().*#YT! SB22+!

TWS@C!

KC!! U3B$)3)! G! dF6! N.#)%$! "N6! G&+3(%! V6! ! S*13/%$! O6!

:$.(R5&(! HH6! HB))%(/%$'! "C! G;HI9JW! )1%!

5.(.5B5! .(-3$5&).3(! )3! $%-%$%(*%! &(! %4)%$(&+!

3()3+3'0!)%$5C!X&)B$%!a$3*%%,.('#!DEE]C!

!