CAMOYliIIHCTBATA METO,lJ;MQEH

npOcI>MJIAKTIIKA HA CAMOYliIIHCTBATA

METO,lJ;MQEH MATEPMAJI 3A PAEOTEII.(MTE B ITbPBJ1qHATA 3,lJ;PABHA I10MOII.(

T03H ,n:OKYMeHT e e,n:HH OT CepmITa MeTO,n:HlIHH MaTepHaJIH, a,n:peCHpaHH ,n:O CneU;HaJIHCrn, pa60TeIIJ,H B 06JIaCTTa Ha

npoqmJIaKTHKaTa Ha caMoy6HHCTBaTa.

MaTepHaJI'bT e H3rOTBeH KaTO lIaCT OT SUPRE , CBeTOBHaTa HHHU;HaTHBa Ha C30 3a npO<pHJIaKTHKa Ha caMoy6HHcTBaTa.

KJIIOllOBH ,n:yMH : caMoy6HHCTBO/ npO<pHJIaKTHKa / pecypCH/

cneU;HaJIHCTH OT n'bpBHlIHaTa 3,n:paBHa nOMOIIJ,

I1CHXWIHH H nOBe,n:eH'tIeCKH Pa3CTpOHCTBa OT,n:eJI 3a nCHXHlIHO 3,n:paSe

CBETOBHA 3,lJ;PABHA OprAHM3AI.J;M7I )J(eHeBa

2000

MaTepHCUI'bT e npeBeneH OT aHmHCKH H e ananTHpaH 3a npHJIO)l(eHHe OT CneUHaJIHCTHTe B HaIUaTa CTpaHa, pa60TemH B 06JIaCTTa Ha npoqlHJIaK- THKaTa Ha caMoy6HHcTBaTi B paMKHTe Ha n'bpBH'iHaTa 3npaBHa nOMOll.\ OT nOu. JIaJUlHa l(oHeBa -IIeH'ieBa, n.M., KOOpnHHaTOp Ha HaUHOHaJIHaTa nporpa- Ma 3a CYHUHnOr.poqlHJIaKTHKa.

CneUHaJIHa 6JIarOnapHOCT ce H3Ka3Ba Ha n -p JI1060MHP :>KliBKOB, ynpa- BHTeJI Ha "06rracTeH nHCnaHCep 3a nCHXH'IHH 3a60mlBaHIDl CDC CTaUHOHap - COqlHR rpan" EOO,[( 3a HanpaBeHHTe npenOp'bKH.

©

CBeTOBHa 3npaBHa OpraHH3aUHR,

2000

T03H nOKYMeHT e ny6JIHKaUHR Ha CBeToBHaTa 3npaBHa opraHH3aUHR (C30), BCH'iKH npaBa ca 3ana3eHH OT OpraHH3aUHRTa. ,[(oKYMeHThT MO)l(e na 6'bne cB060nHo 06C'b)l(naH, pe31OMHpaH, pa3MHO)l(aBaH HJIH npeBe)l(naH, H3UMO HJIH OTneJIHH 'iaCTH OT Hero, HO He MO)l(e na ce npOnaBa C nprOBCKH ueJIH.

C'b,ll.'bP)J(AHl1E IIpeJ(roBop 14

CaMoyGHHCTBO - pa3Mep Ha npoGJIeMa 15

3amo ce nOCTaB.SI aKUeHT Ha paGoTemHTe B CHCTeMaTa Ha nbpBH'LIHaTa 3J(paBHa nOMOm ? 16

CaMoyGHHCTBO H nCHXH'LIHH Pa3CTpOHCTBa 16

COMaTH'LIHH 3aGOJI.SIBaHH.SI H caMoyGHHcTBo 110 CaMoyGHHCTBO - CO~HO- J(eMorpa$acKH $aKTOpH H $aKTopH Ha cpeJ(aTa 111

IIcHXoJIorH'LIHa Hamaca Ha

cyH~HJ(HaTa

JIH'LIHOCT /13

KaK J(a ce YCTaHOBH KOHTaKT CbC

cyH~HJ(HaTa

JIH'LIHOCT 114 CaMoyGHHCTBOTO -MHT H peaJIHOCT 115

KaK J(a ce

HJ(eHTH$H~Hpa Cy~HJ(Ha

JIH'LIHOCT 116 KaK J(a ce o~eHH PHCKbT 3a caMoyfiHHcTBO 117 KaK J(a ce nOrpH>KHM 3a

cyH~J(HaTa

JIH'LIHOCT 118

PecypCH 121

Hema, KOHTO Tp.SIGBa J(a ce HanpaB.SIT

H KOHTO He Tp.SIGBa J(a ce npaB.SIT 122

IIPE,nrOBOP

IIpe3

1999

r. C30 cTapntpa SUPRE - CBeTOBHaTa HHHlvtanma 3a rrpo<pHJIaKTHKa Ha caMoy6HHCTBaTa. HacToRrn:aTa 6pollIypa e qaCT OT cepHRTa MeTO,ll;HqHH MaTepHaJIH, H3rOBeHH 3a SUPRE H a,ll;peCHpa- HH ,ll;0 CrreQH<pHqHH COQHaJIHH H rrpo<pecHOHaJIHH rpyrrH, crreQHaJIHO aHraJl<HpaHH B rrpo<pHJIaKTHKaTa Ha caMoy6HHCTBaTa. TR rrpe,ll;CTaB- JIRBa CBbp3BamO 3BeHO B ,ll;bJIraTa H pa3Ho06pa3Ha BepHra OT xopa H rpyrrH, KORTO BKJIlOqBa 3,ll;paBHH rrpo<pecHOHaJIHCTH, 06yqHTeJIH, co- QHaJIHH CJIY)l(6H, 3aKOHO,ll;aTeJIH, JIHQa, OCbmeCTBRBamH COQHaJIHH KOMYHHKaQHH, ceMeHCTBa H 06mHOCTH.

113Ka3Ba ce crreQHaJIHa 6JIarO,ll;apHOCT Ha ,ll;-P JIaKllIMH BHRaKYMap, I1H,ll;HR, KOHTO e rrO,ll;rOTBHJI rrpe,ll;XO,ll;HaTa BepCHR Ha Ta3H 6pollIypa. TeKcbT e peQeH3HpaH OT CJIe,ll;HHTe qJIeHOBe Ha Me)l(,ll;YHapO,ll;- HaTa Mpe)l(a 3a rrpo<pHJIaKTHKa Ha caMoy6HHcTBaTa, C30, Ha KOHTO CbmO ce H3Ka3Ba 6rraro,ll;apHocT:

,ll;-P EBHH EK6epr, YHHBepcHTeTa Ha OCJIO, HopBerHR

rrpo<p. ,[(O)l(KO JIYHKBHCT, HaQHoHaJIeH HCTHTYT rro 06mecTBe- HO 3,ll;paBe, XeJI3HHKH, <I>HHJIaH,ll;HR

rrpo<p. JIopeHc IIIeJI6YllI, YHHBepcHTeT Ha HaTaJI, ,[(yp6aH,

IOAP

,ll;-P AHpH BapHHK, YHHBepcHTeT TapTY, TaJIHH, ECTOHHR

,ll;-P IIIYTay ll.aH, Me,ll;HQHHCKH YHHBapCHTeT, IIeKHH, KHTaH

TOBa MeTO,ll;HqHOTO rrOMaraJIO ce pa3rrpOCTpaHRBa, C Ha,ll;e)l(,ll;aTa, qe rn:e 6b,ll;e rrpeBe,ll;eHO H a,ll;arrTHpaHO KbM HaQHOHaJIHHTe oc06eHoc- TH - He06xo,ll;HMO YCJIOBHe 3a HeroBaTa e<peKTHBHOCT. IIpHeMaT ce KO- MeHTapH H HCKaHHR 3a pa3pellIeHHe 3a rrpeBO,ll; H a,ll;arrTaQHR.

,[( -p ~.M. EepTOJI,ll;e

IIPO<PHJIAKTHKA HA CAMOYIiJillfCTBATA

METO~WlEH

MATEPHAJI 3A PAEOTEII(HTE B IThPBHtffiATA 3WABHA nOMOII(

CAMOYliJillfCTBO - PA3MEP HA llPOBJIEMA

...

E.n:~H MHJIHOH A}'WH B CBeTa BepOJlTHO m;e H3B'hpWaT caMoy6HiicTBO npe3

2000 f .

... BeKH 40 ceKYH,Il;H H.llKoii ce caMoy6HBa HHICbJJ,e no CBeTa • ... BCeJ(H

3

(;eKY~ IInOH ceonHTBa ,nayMpe.

·ncna IDJJ,lIHIl nop~H CaMOy6HHCTBO y Hac YMHpaT OKOJIO 1500 JJ,yum:.

• B HawaTa CTpaHa eB3JIHne nOCTOJlHHa TeBJJ,eHnHJI B.a npeBaJIUpaHe Ha ey~

HnHJJ.BaT3 CM'I>PTHOCT B cpaBBJ'HHe C TalU 0'1' TpaBcnopTHH 3JlonoJIYKH; C1>OT- BeTHHTe n0Ka33TeJIH npe3 2000 f. ca C'bOTBeTHO

17,0

H 10,5 H3 100000 JJ,.

" BCllKa TOJJ.HHa B H3WaTa CTpaHa OKOJIO 3000 JJ,ywH npaBHTOIlHT JJ,a omeMaT QBOTa CH; HaJJ. 70% OT TJIX ca B JJ,eTCKO-IOHoweCKa H MJI3)J,aB'h3paCT.

• CaMOy6HHCTBOTO e cpeJJ, TpHTe OCHOBHH npUQHHH 3a CM'hPT cpeJJ, MJI3JJ.HTe xopa aa B'b3paCT 15 - 35roJJ,HHH. n li'LJIrapH1lC}'HlJ.HJJ,HaTa CM'hPTHOCT BTalH B'h3paC'I'OBa rpyna npe3 2000 r. 8'h3JIH3a Ha 9,05 Ba 100000 JJ, •

.. BCIiKO caMoy6HHCTBO lfl1a cepH03HO B'b3JJ,eHCTBHe HaH-MaJIKO B'hPXy om;e weCTlfOBeKa •

... IIcHXonorn'llloTo, COnHaJIHOTO H CPHHaHCOBOTO B'hlJJ,eHCTBHe Ha eaMoy6Hiic- TBOTO B'hPXy ceMeHCTBOTO H 06UJ;HoCTTa e Be3HMepHMO.

CaMoy6HHCTBOTO e KOMnneKceH np06JIeM, 3a KoiiTo HIlMa eJJ,Ha eJJ.HH- CTBeHa npH'lHHa, HJlMa enHH eJJ,HHCTBeH nOBOJJ,. To e pe3ynaT OT KOMnJIeKCHO- TO 83aHMOD,ciicTBHe Ha 6HOJIOrH'IHH, l'eHeTH'IHH, nCHXOJIOrH'IeCKH, OO:QHaJIHH, KynTypaJIHHcpaIqOpH.If q.aKTOpH Ha cpeD,an.

TpYD,HO e D,a ce 06J1CHH 3am;o H1lK;OH xopa pewaBaT .na HlB'hpWaT caMoy6HiicTBO, ;l:{OKaTO D,pyrn - B nOD,06Ha HJIH B nO-Te:IKKa CH'I)'anHJI, Be B3M- MaT TaKOBa peweHHe. BC'bUJ;HOCT, nOBe'le OT CaMoy6uHCTBaTa MoraT na 6'b- D,aT DpeD,OTBpaTeHH.

IToHaCTOJImeM caMoy6HHcTBaTa ca OCHOBeH np06neM Ba 06mCCTBe- HOTO 3D,pa&eona3BaHe B'hB BCH'IKH CTPaHH. IIoD,noMaraHeTo Ha pa60TemHTe B D'bpBH'IHaTa 3.n.paBHa DOMOm ;l:{a palD03HaBaT, OneHJlBaT, u6rpIDKBaT H Ha- Co'lBaT CYHnHJJ.HaTa JIH':IHOCT B.06mHOCTTa e BIDlCHacn.nKa B npoq,HJlaKTHKa- Ta HIl caMoy6HCTB3Ta.

3~O

CE I10CTABJI

~HT

HA llEPCOHAJIA OT ITbPBHtIHATA 3.L(PABHA I10MOII( ?

• I1epCOHaJI'bT OT mpBH'IHa-ra

3~paBHa

nOMOW;

HMa.npO~JI)ICHTeJIeH

H 6JIH- 3'bK KOHTaKT C 06W;HOCTTa H ce npHeMa ~06pe OT MeCTHHTe xopa.

• TOH OC'bw;eCTBgBa JKH3HeHaTa Bp'b3Ka Me)l(~y 06W;HOCTTa H CHCTeMaTa Ha

3~paBeona3BaHe.

• B

MHoro OT pa3BHBaW;HTe ce CTPaHH, B KOHTO cJIy)I(6HTe 3a nCHXH'IHO 3~pa­

Be He ca ~06pe pa3BHTH, n'bpBH'IHaTa 3~paBHa nOMOU\ '1eCTO e OCHOBHHgT H3TO'lHHK Ha TaKaBa nOMOW;.

• I103HaBaHeTO Ha 06W;HOCTTa nOMara Ha nepCOHa-!Ja OT n'bpBH'IHaTa 3~paB­

Ha nOMOW; ~a nOJIy'lH nO.llKpena OT ceMeiicTBOTO, npIDITeJIHTe H CJIY)l(6HTe.

• Toii e B C'bCTOgHHe ~a OCHryPH HenpeK'bCHaTOCT Ha nOMOW;Ta.

• II'bpBH'IHaTa 3~paBHa nOMOW; e BXO~HIDITIJYUrcr B3~PllBHHTe CJIY)l(6H 3a JIHuaTa, KOHTO ca B ~HCTPec.

HaxpaTKO. CneUHaJlHCTHTe OT n'bpBHHaTa 3~paBHa nOMOW; ca HaJIHue, Te ca

~OCT'bnHH, ~o6'pe OCBe~OMeHH H aHra)l(HpaHH ~a npe~OCTaBgT rpUH.

CAMOYliHHCTBO H WIIIEBHH PA3CTPOHCTBA

IIpoY'lBaHIDI B pa3BHBaW;HTe ce H pa3BHTHTe CTPaHH nOCTaBRT axueHT Ha ~Ba <paKTOpa. I1'bPBO, nOae'leTO OT xopaTa, KOHTO H3B'bpWBaT caMoy6HHC- TBO HMaT nCHXB'IHO pa3CTPOiiCTBO, KoeTO MO)l(e ~a ce ~arHOCTHUHpa.BTOpo, CaMoy6HiicTBaTa H CyHU~HOTO nOBe~eHHe ca nO-'1eCTH cpe,n naUHeaTH c'nCH- XH'IHO 3a60JIgBaHe.

H3CJIe~BaHHgTa B li'bJIrapHgnOKa3BaT rOJIJiMOTO 3HaqeHHe Ha COIVIaJI- HO nCHXOJIOrH'IHHTe <paKTopH. ):(eJI'bT Ha JIHUaTa. H3B'bpWHJIH onHT 3a caMoy6HHCTBO, 3a KOHTO e YCTaHOBeHO HaJIH'IHe Ha nCHXH'IH03a6()JIgBa~e,

e

OKOJIO

12,5%.

OCTaBa onpHT B'bnpOC'bT 3a He CBoeBpeMeHHOTO pa3n03HaBa·

He H ~HarHOCTHUHpaHe Ha HgKOH ~enpeCHBHH C'bCTOgHHg, nOCTTPaBMaTH'IHH Pa3CTPOHCTBa, ceKCYaJIaO MaJITPeTHpaue H ~Pii KOHTO ca PHCKOBH 3a CYHUH,lUlO nOBe~eHHe.

):(HarHOCm'lHHTe rpynH,

no~peAeHH

B HH3XOABu\ Pe.£I cnope.t\ p"clCa 3a CaMOy6HHCTBO, ca:

·~enpeCHlI (BCHI{KH <POPMH);

• pa3CTpoiicTBa Ha JIH'IHOCTTa (acOUHaJIHa H rpaHH'IHa JIH'IHOCT C'IepTH Ha HMnYJICHBHOCT, arpeCHg H'IeCTH npoMeHH B HactpoeHHeTo)j

• aJIXOXOJIH31>M (H/HJIH 3JIoynoTpe6a C HapKoTHIVI npH MJIa,ne*H);;

. . . :( ';""'£_>_/''-,,;; ';, ,:,.',.,~"< , .. , ~~" ,,~';'r

.. '~.!IIt.~~~/~;:ii'

~"$an&

sa

~mO(1lO:raTO·Be~ ~n~~H~}~~@lJle;~:,'c~:f.",· F.'.;

... ^~C:

'~Heo6Jf1(aiiHO JIPO~eHHJUll(p~~1P~el~i~H_'~e06~aiillopad-' . '·.,iloCJ>6yxcy,u;aue;.\ ... .' ... .·;.·,~i),(.·i>i; L

"U ;::

, ...•... '·~~PBay~allJl1lfPI:a6Q<ti'.lIpe3w1iI?to~p~~e; .' ". . .... .... ...•...• " .•...

. . ·;:~~~.,a~Ol(e,~~ .• ~~IJ;~~~~~\ .i;;\i.;i'};(.i;r):~;":;,.

. . .' ~~'lI8.Pt3,l:q>~Jtre.nHOCj',ll H~CJ.I()!CQJlC!BHe; ..

;;1··f .' f .

,j'·~:L:,;j .... ; '. ·tJ'1Ja;JtJ{1(JU~. Ha. 3fl.TpY4Kelijul~'fCOJU(eil1:p~T~.nPHB3IlM8llCTO ;~a 1)emtiUHR

:·'.un1J,.8Jtardena;,··· .•.. ; ..• · ... :·<;;·'.f·'·.' ... ;···s.·'.!,·

·.~tianfl'lHe·Bii nO'8TaPJlIl\BceMBCJ1it~rCM';PT,a ~MoY6mi~.:;·:.··

-

;,<··t~::rL,.' ,,:,,:-~:.;

_,

^j.-' , ' , ' , ","~ ^J-:--,'-' ~'·';',:,.<:i-:',;;/'.

. i':·;«lJUaTaCHep!l3no~an. ^B aen:ema1,!a 1feupepDita i~no."'eit·"ek

"

'Ja'~~Bjicr.O. ,.t : -" !:>,~ ',,-' ,;,:'.,~:~'~

':;,: '

····.·,atzU{oceflPonjCICD ;tt3e,Hi:n(lfliu~ap/lHem01l"~e.njHtcU,Jqn4;l~; :'.'., .. '

."]:<>';:;'<' -"i';'<;"""

-c /

";.:~<-));,;;'~i',~~J:<" ':';-';'\:"~-:'~~T1<,.;<-' "1:~'~;.:";~>:::>' :!c~t~'i>:'~-~

..•... . ...~.:He3allHc~OOT¥anlfBeto:sa1'flJlaMOPaSHo06puBe .. ~~IIt~l'()Ha .. <p;enpecBJITa..

H8JiRn;ecaHlUcOJIKOupBtiBHJ{.UOP~B ,lCPJlTOSil6o.l'IJmaH~Oljee-

, " ,~~ , " _ • - ,. - <, - '. ' • - ' ' - . i ' " " •

TO OCTaBa HeAHarHOCTHIUfpaHO:

... XOpaTa npHeMaT TpYAHO, 'Ie ca AenpHMHpaHH, TbH KaTO Te BHlKAaT CHMn- TOMHTeKaTO "3Hax 3a CJIa60CT" •

... XopaTa ca CBHKHaJlH C '1YBCTBaTa, CB'bp3aHH C AenpeCHJlTa, Taxa 'Ie Te He ca B C'bCTOJlHHe Aa rlt npaeMaT KaTO 60JIeCT •

... ,[(enpeCHJlTa ce AHamOCTHU;Hpa nO-TPYAHO, KoraTO JIHU;eTO HMa H APyro COMam'lHO 3a6oJIJlBaHe.

'" XopaT8 C ,I:\:enpecHJI MoraT Aa nOKa3BaT rOJIJlMO pa3Ho06pa3He OT HeJlCHH 60JIKH H cTPa,naHHJI.

,[(enpeCHJlTa e JIe'IHMa CaMOy6HHCTBOTO e npe,I:\:oTBpamMo

C'bBpeMeHHHJlT Hanpe,I:\:'bK B JIe'leHHeTO Ha AenpeCHJlTa e B8JKeH pecypc B CYUU;HAOnp<>4>HJIaxTHKa B paMKHTe Ha n'bpBH'IHaTa 3,I:\:paBHa IIOMOru;;

AAKOXOAU3'bM

'" 3a OKOJIO eAHa TPeTa OT CJIY'IaHTe Ha CaMoy6HHCTBO e YCTaHOBeHO, 'Ie ca 6HJIH 3aBHCHMH OT aJllCOXOJIa;

'" 5 - 1 0%

OT JIHu;aTa C aJllCOXOJIHa 3aBHCHMOCT 3aB'bpmBaT- )KHBOTa ca CDC CaMOy6HHCTBO; 3a HamaTa CTpaHa TOOH IIpOu;eHT e nO-BHCOK -

16,0%.

'" YCTaHoBeHo e, 'Ie 110 BpeMe Ha CYHU;HAHHJI

air

MHora OTJIHu;aTa ca 6HJIB DOA B'b3AeiicTBBeTO Ha aJlKOXOJI.

XIlPruqepHH

qepm

Ha JIHu;a C aJllCOXOJIHH IIpo6JIeMH, KORTO H3B'bpm- BaT CaMoy6HHCTBO:

'" 3anO'lHaJlH ca Aa IIHlIT OT MHora MJIa,na B'b3paCT;

'" KOHCYMHpaJlH ca aJlKOXOJI npe3 A'bJI'br nepaOA;

'" DHJlT HHTeH3HBHO;

'" He ca 3ApaBH 4lH3H'IecKU;

'" -iYBCTBaT ce AenpUMHpaHH;

... HMaT npo6JIeMH B JIH'IHHJI )KHBOT;

'" crpa,naT 1I0pa,I:\:H HaCTOJlru;a3Ha'lHMa JIH'IHa 3ary6a, KaTO pa3A)lJla OT C'bII- pyr/a ajMH OT ceMeiiCTBO. Pa3BO,I:\: HJIH 3ary6a Ha MH3'bK QOBeK;

lit npe,I:\:C1:aBJlT ce HeAo6pe B pa60TaTa CH.

.1'IHuaTa C amCQXOJIHa 3aBHCHMHCT,KOHTO H3B'bpmBaT CaMoy6HHCTBO He caMO, 'Ie 3anO'IBaT ,lla IUUIT B paHHa B'b3paCT H 1COHCYMHpaT HHTeR3HBHO aJIKOXOJI, Ho MOlKe H ,lla ca OTcet.teHCTBa. B Kolrto ce 3JIoynOTpe6l1Ba c aJlKOXOJI.

3JIoynoTpe6at'a C Hap iC 0 m U

If

U ce YCTaHOBlIBa; nO-'ieCTo cpe,ll IOHOWH H ,llCBOHKH, KOHTOca C'bC C)'HIUI,llHO nOBc.nCHHC.Y Hac CPCAHaTl1 B'b~­

paCT Ha 3JIoynoTpe6l1BaJIHTe C RapKOTHUH CYHUH.naHTH e

22

rO,llHRH.

HaJIH'iHeTO Ra Q.l/.KOXOAU3'bM H Ha oenpecUJl YAa.neR'HH,llHBH.n YBeJIll'laBaB 3Ra'urteJIRa CTeneH

PHCD 3a (laMoy6HHCTBO

mU3o!lipeHUJl

OKOJIO

10%

OT JIHuaTa c ImI30$peHBlI" 3aj:('bJIlKHTeJIlto H3B'bmBaT CaMoy6HHCTBO. WH30tPpeHHna ce xapaKTepH3Hpa C HapymeHWI B MHCJIeae- TO /RaJIy.nROCTH/, CJlYXOBHTe a 3pHTeJIRHTe B'b3npIDITHlI /xaJIJOUHRaUHHJ, ABa- lKeRHlITa /KaTaTOHRH CHMOTOMH/, ReraTHBHH CHMnTOMH (eMOUHORaJIBO H3paBBJlBaBe, 6e3BoJIHe/. Ha.JJaue e cepH03Ho PalCTpOHCTBO Ha COUHaJIHOTO CPYHKUHoHHpaHe. Ha MelK,llyJIH'IHOCTOBHTe oTHOmeaHJI, pa60TaTa, 3aaeMapll- Daae Ha JIH'laaTaXllmcaa.

1IHuaTa

C mH30cPpeHHJI HMaT nOBHmeH cyHUH,llea PHCK aKO ca: •

*

MJIa,llH, HelKeHeJ{H, 6e3pa60THH M'blKe;

*

B paHHaTa q,a3a aa 3a60JIJlBaaeTO;

*

,llCnpHMHpaHH;

*

HMaT 'leCTH peUH,llHBH;

*

BHCOKO 06pa30BaaH;

*

oapaHoH,llHH (no,ll03pHTeJIHH);

WH30cPpeHHUHTe ca C nOImweua BepollIHoq,lla H3B'bpmaT CaM0y6HHC- TBO no BpeMe Ha:

*

paBHHTe .palH Ha 3a60JUlBaHeTO, KoraTO ca 06'bpKaaH H/MH CM)7eHH;

*

paHHa peMHCHJI, KoraTO CHMnTOMHTeHa npOJlBJleHHe ca OTlBY'laJIH, HO B'bT- pemHO Te ce '1YBCTBaT yJl3BHMH;

*

B HaqaJIOTO Ha peUH)lHB, KoraTO qYBCTBaT, 'Ie ca npeO,llOJIJlJIH np06JIeMa. 110 CHMnTOMHTe ce nOJlBJlBaT OTHOBO;

*

CKOPO CJIe,llH3nHCBaHe OT 60JlHHua.

9

COMATMQHM 3A60JUIBAHMR M CAMOYBMHCTBO

HSlKOH COMaTH''lHH 3a6oJISlBaHH.!I ca CB'hp3aHH C nOBHIlleH CYHLiH,neH pHCK.

HeepOJlOlUlLHU 3a6oJlJleaHUJl

I10BHIlleHaTa HMnYJICHBHOCT, arpeCH.!ITa H XpOHH'IHaTa HeTPy,nOCnoco6HOCT, KOHTO ce YCTaHOB.!IBaT '1eCTO npH JlHua C enHJIenCH.!I, ca BepO.!lTHHTe npH'IHHH 3a nOBHIlleHH.!I PHCK 3a CYHUHJ(HO nOBe,neHHe. AJIKOXOJl'hT H 3JloynOTpe6aTa C HapKOTHLiH ,nOnpHHaC.!IT 3a TOBa.

TpaeMU Ha lp'06HalLHUJl cm'OJl6 UJlU Ha l J l a e a m a U M03'OlLHU UHCYJlmU

KOJlKOTO nO-CepH03HH ca TpaBMHTe, TOJlKOBa nO-rOJI.!IM e CYH.uH,nHH.!IT pHCK.

Pal{

HaJIHLie ca HH,nHKaLiHH,'1e TepMHHaJIHH 3a6oJlSlBaHH.!ITa (Hanp. paK), ca CB'hp3aHH C nOBHIlleH CYHLiH,neH pHCK. CYHUHJ(HH.!I PHCK e HaH-BHcoK cpe,n:

'" M'hJKe

'" Henocpe,nCTBeHO CJle,n ,nHarHOCTHLiHpaHeTO (npe3 n'hpBHTe neT ro,nHHH) '" KoraTO naUHeHTbl' e nO)J;JIOJKeH Ha XHMHOTepanH.!I

HIV/ ClIHH

CTHrMaTa, He6JlarOnpH.!ITHaTa nporHo3a H eCTeCTBOTO Ha 3a6oJI.!IBa- HH.!ITa YBeJlH'IaBaT CYHLiH,nHHJI PHCK Ha 3apa3eHHTe C HIY. K'hM MOMeHTa Ha ,nHarHocTHLiHpaHeTo, KoraTO JlHLieTO He e nOJlY'IHJlO no,nxo,nJllIJ,a KOHCYJlTa- LiH.!I CJle,n TeCTa, CYHLiH,nHHJlT PHCK e BHCOK.

XPOHUlLHU 3a6oJlJleaHUJlHUJl

CJIe,nHHTe XpOHH'IHH 3a6oJlJlBaHHJI HMaT BepOJlTHa Bp'h3Ka C nOBHIlleH CYHLiH,neH PHCK:

'" ,nHa6eT;

'" MHOJKeCTBeHa CKJIep03a;

*

XpOHH'IHH 6'h6pe'lHH, '1epHo,npo6THH H ,nPyrH raCTpOHHTeCTHHaJIHH

3a60JIJlBaHHR;

"'KOCTHH 3a60nJIBaHHR, CB'Lp3aHH C XpOHH'IHa 60JIKa;

• C'LPAe'lHOC'LAOBH H HeBpJIorH'IHH 3a60JIRBaHHR;

• CeKCYBJIHH pa3CTpOHCTBa;

JlH~a C'LC 3aTpYAHeBHR npH XOAeHeTO, 3peHHeTO H cnyxa C'L~O ca H3- JIOx<eHH Ha pHCK.

lIoll

CYH~HHRT pHCK ce nOBHIllaBa

npH XpOaH'IHH 3a60JIRBal{HJI H npH 3a60JUIBaHHJI, CB'LP3aHH C 60JIKOBa CHMnTOMaTHKa

CAMOYliHHCTBO - COl.UfO,AEMOrPA<I>CKH <IlAKTOPH H

«l>AKTOPH HA CPEMTA

M'Lx<eTe nO-'1eCTO H3B'LpJIIBaT caMoy6HHCTBO; x<eHHTe nO-'1eCTO H3- B'LpWBaT onHT 3a caMoy6HHCTBO.

B'b3paCm

CyH~HABHTe nOKa3aTMH HMaT ABa nHKa:

• B MnaAa B'L3paCT

(15 - 35

roAHHH);

• B HanpeAHBJIa B'L3paCT (BaA

75

roAHHH)

CeMeUHO nOIlO:JICenue

B nOBe'leTO cTpaHH pa3Be.a;eHHTe, OBAOBBJIHTe H HeceMeHHHTe HMaT nO-BHCaK pHCK B cpaBaeHHe C'LC ceMeHHHTe.B aaIllaTa cTpaHa .o;eJI1>r aa ce- MeHHHTe CYH~aHTH e BRCOK, C'LOTBeHO

47,5%

OT nO'lRHBJIHTe nopa.D;H ca- Moy6HHCTBO H

40,8% -

OT H3B'LpWHJIHTe cyH~HAeH onHT. TOBa nOKa3Ba OTHO- CHTeJIBOCrra Ha pOJIRTa Ha ceMeHcTBoTO KaTO npoTeKTHBeH /f>aKTop.

3aHJlmUe

JIeKapHTe, BeTHpHapHHTe JIeKapH, 4lapMaQeBTHTe, XHMH~HTe H /f>ep- MepHTe RMaT pHCK nO-BHCOK OT cpeAHHR.

Ee3pa6omul/a

3ary6a Ha pa60Ta e CB'Lp3aHa B rOnJIMa CTeneH C'LC cYH~H,lJ;eH pHCK. B HawaTa CTpaHa 6e3pa60TH~aTa e OCHOBeH CO~HanHo-nCHXOJIOrH'IeH 4laKTop, '1HeTO 3Ha'leHHeHHe KaTO .o;eTepMHHHpar.u; CyH~HAHO nOBe.o;eHHe, HenpeK'LCHa-

11

TO HapaCTBa • .il:aHHHTe OT 3a;:n.JlJKHTeJlHan perHCTpaIUfJI Ha C)'HIUI.IUlHTe

,neHC~

TBHa Y HaCCO'laT HapaCTBaHe ,neJl1>f Ha 6e3pa60THHTe cpe,n nonYJl8.UHJlTa Ha CYHIUt,naHTHTe. KOHTO B'b3JlH3a Ha 28.5% cpe,n nO'lHH8JlHTe nop3JlH caMoy6Hitc- TBO H 38.5% - cpe,n HanpaBHJlHTe onHT ,na OTHeMaT 1KHBOT& CH. Oco6euo pHcKoBa e cHryaD;HJlTa 3a B'b3pacna 20- 39 ro,nHHH, B KOl1TO nOBe'le OT nOJlO- BHHaTa napacYHD;H,naHTH(52.8%) ca 6e3pa60THH.

MecmO:HCUmeJlCm80

Y Hac C)'HD;H,IUlaTa CM'bPTHOCT cpe,n )KHBeem.BTe B CeJlan e nO-BHCOKa OT Ta3H Harpa,o;cnrre )KHTeJlK. TOB& Ba>KH. KaKTO 3a M'b)KeTe, Taxa H 3a )KeHBTe.

~TPaiiHoTonpeBaJIHPaHeHaC)'HIUI.IUlaTaCM'bpTHOCTBCeJlaTaHece,n'bJl·

)l(H Ha 06CTOaTeJlCTBO'to, 'Ie TaM 1KHBeJlT nO-B'bJpaCTHH xopa - CM'bPTHOCTTa nopauH caMoy6HHCTBO cpe,nceJlCKHTC JlCltTeJlH e nO-BHCOKa B'bB BClf1UH B1>3- paCTOBH rpynH. 06paTHo. cpe,n HanpaBHJlHTe onHT ,na OTHeMaT )KHBOTa CK, npeo6nauaBaT )l(HBeem.HTe B rpa,qa.

MU2pa llUR

.1IHD;aTa, KOHTO ce npeMeCTBaT OT CeJlOTO B rpaua

HJlH

B ,npyr perHOH ca H3JlO)KeHH Ha pHCK 3a

cy~o

nOBe,neHHe.

(,l>AKTOPH HACPE,l(ATA

Cmpec

EOJlWHHCTBOTO OT H3B'bPWHJlHT8 caMoy6liHCTBO:

Canp~B'iJlH

TPH MeceD;a npe,nH TOBa cTPecHpa1D;H )KH3HeHH C'b6HTHJI, KaTO:

• Me)K,nYJlH'IHOCTHH npo6neMH - Hanp. cnopoBe C'bC C'bnpyr/a,ceMeHCTBOTO, npHl1TeJlH,m06HMH xopa;

• OTXB'bpmlHe • Hanp. paJ,lUma C'bC CCMciiQTBO'to HJlH c npHJITeJlH;

• 3ary611 - Hanp. cpllHaHcOBH 3ary6H,CM'bPT 8a 6nu3'b1f. '10BeK;

• TIPO<{JCCHOHaJIHH H 4>HaaHcoBH npo6neMH.· Hanp. Jary6a Ha pa60rn. neBCHO- HlIpaae,4>HHaHCOBH3aTPy,nHeHHg;

• 061D;eCTBeHH npoMeHH Hanp. 6'bp3H nOJlHTH'IeCKH H HKOHOMH'Iecm npoMeHH;

• ,ApyrH cTPecHpam.H cHryaD;lIH KaTO cpaM H CTPax OT YCTaHOBaBaHC Ha BHHa.

JIecen oocm'bn

Henocpe,o;cmCHHl1T ,nOCT'bn ,no cnoc06a 3a H3B'bpWBaHe Ha CaMoy6Hijc-

1BO,

~.

Ba)I(C;:H cpanop.npH onpc,neJll1He BepOJlTHOCna ,na,neHo JlHD;C ,na H3B1>p-

wH.~oy6HHCTBO.

Pe,nyD;JipaHeTO aa ,nocnna,no cpe,nCTBoTo 3a caMoy6HHC":

H3AO:HCeHU Ha pUCK 3a CYUl-lUOHO n06eoeHue

E)J,Ha 'IaCTOT CaMoy6HHcTBaTa BKJUO'lBaT YH3BHMH KlHOlliH H )J,eBOHKH, H3JIO)KeHH Ha CyH~H)J,HO nOBe)J,eHHe, no)J, BJIHHHHeTO Ha )KHTC:HCKH C'b6HTHH HJIH Ha Me)J,HHTe.

IICHXOJIOI1f1lHA HArJIACA HA CYHQI1AHATA JIHlIHOCT

TPH xapaKTepUH 'IepTH onpe)J,eJIHT nCHXOJIOrH1.(HaTa Harnaca Ha CYJIUH)l.- HHTe na~HeHTH:

1.

AM6u6aAeHcmHocm: IIoBe'leTO xopa HMaT CMeCeHH"IBYCTBa OTHOCHO H3- B'bpIlIBaUeTO Ha caMoy6HHCTBO. )l(eJIaHHeTO )J,a ce )KHBee H )KeJIaHHeTO ,IJ;a ce yMpe ce KOJIe6aHT H ce 60pHT y CyH~H,IJ;HHaTa JIH'IHOCT. Han:H~e e ueo6XO)J,H- MOCT )J,a ce H36Hra OT 60JIKaTa B )KHBOTa H C'bUJ;eBpeMeHHO CHJIHO )KeJIaHHe )J,a ce )KHBee. MHoro OT CYH~H)J,HHTe JIH'IHOCTH BC'bUJ;HOCT He HCKaT )J,a )'MpaT - Te npOCTO He ca UJ;aCTJIHBH OT TOBa, "Ie )KHBeHT. AKonOJIY1.(aT nO,D;Kpena H TJlXHOTO )KeJIaHHe)J,a )KHBeHT ce YCHJIH, CYHWI,IJ;HJUlT pHCK HaMaJlJlBa.

2.

HMnYACU6uocm: CaMOy6HHCBOTO e C'bIlJ,O Taxa e,IJ;HH HMnYJICHBeU aKT.

KaKTo

BCHKa )J,pyra HMnyJICHBUOCT, HMnyJIC'bT )J,a ce H3B'bPIlIH caMoy6HHCTBO e npe- XO)J,eH H npO)J,'bJI)KaBa HHKOJIKO MHHYTH HJIH HHKOJIKO '1aca. TOH ce OTKJIIO'IBa OT e)Ke)J,HeBHH HeraTHBHH C'b6HTHH. IIocpe)J,cTBoM cnpasxue C Te3H lCPH3H H ne'leJIeue Ha BpeMe, 3,IJ;paBHHTe Cne~HaJIHCTH MoraT )J,a nOMorHaT 3a UaMaJIH- Baue ua CY~H)J,UOTO lKeJIaUHe.

3.

PUzuoHocm: KoraTo e)J,HO JIH~e e CyH~H)J.HO, uerOBOTO MHCJIeUe, l{}'BcTBa H )J,eHcTBHH ca orpaHH"IeuH. TaKHBa JIH~a MHCJIHT nOCTOJIHHO 3a CaMOy6HHCTBO H ca Hecnoco6HH)J,a Bp3npHeMaT )J,pyrH n'bTHUJ;a 3a paJpelliaBaue Ha npo6JIeMa.

Te MHCJIHT Kpaiiuo.

IIoBe"leTO CyH~H)J,HH JIH~a cnO)J,eJIHT CBOHTe CYH~H)J,HH MHCJIH H HaMepeHHH. Te "IeCTO )J,aBaT CHnrnJIH H npaBxT H3KaJBaHHH 3a ")I(eJIaHHeTO )J,a ce YMpe", ""IYBCTBO ua 6e3nOJIe3HOCT" H T.H. BCH"IKH Te3H npH3HBH 3a nOMOIlJ, ue TpH6Ba)J,a ce HrHopHpaT.

KaKBHTO H )J,a ca np06JIeMHTe, "IYBCTBaTa H MHCJIHTe Ha cYH~H,IJ;HaTa JIH'IHOCT, Te ca e)J,HaKBH no ~eJIHH CBHT.

13

~YBCTBa

T'ua, ,nenpeCHJI CaMOTa lie3nOMOIl.lHOCT lie3Ha,neXCHOCT HHcKa CaMOOI~eHKa

MHCJIH

"HCKa MH ce,na C'bM YMpJIJI/a"

"He Mora ,na HanpaBJI HHIl.lO"

"He Mora nOBeqe"

"A3

C'bM Hey,naqHHK H 6peMe 3a ,npyrHTe"

",[(pyrHTe Il.le ca nO-Il.laCmHBH 6e3 MeH"

KAK]:(A CE YCTAHOBI1 KOHTAKT C'bC CYKQM.l(HATA JIHlIHOCT

MHoro qeCTO, KoraTO xopaTa Ka3BaT

"A3

C'bM YMopeH/a OT xcHBoTa"

HJIH "HJIMa 3a KUBo,na ce JKHBee", Te 6HBaT H36JIrBaHH OT ,npyrHTe HJIH HM ce ,naBaT npHMepH 3a JIHua, KOHTO ca B nO-rOJIeMH 3aTPy,nHeHHJI. HuKOjf OT Te3H OTBeTHH peaXUUH He nOMara Ha CYUUH,nHaTa JIHqHOCT.

II'bPBUJlT KOHTaKT C'bC CYHUH,nHaTa JIHqHOCT e MHoro B3JI(eH. qecTo KOHTalC'lU ce OC'bIl.leCTBJlBa B 3,nPaBlIO 3aBe,neHHe, K'b,LIeTO qaKaTMHoro xopa,

Y

,noMa HJIH Ha 06IUeCTBeHO MjfCTO, K'b,neTo e TPy,nHO ,na ce npoBe,ne JIHqeH Pll3roBOP,

1.

II'bpBaTa CT'boxa e ,na ce HaMepH no,LlXO.L\JIIl.l0

MRcmo,

K'b,rteTO ,LIa e 8'bMOXC- HO ,LIa ce npOBe,LIe nOBepHTeJIeH pll3rOBop.

2.

CJIe,LIBaIl.laTa CT'bnKa e CB'bp3aHa C

He06xo,LIHMOTOepeMe.

CYHUH.rtHHTe JIHq- HOCTH 06HIOIoBeHo ce HyXC,naJIT OT nOBeqe BpeMe; 3a,na ce pa3TODap1JT H C'b- OTBeTHHJIT CneUHaJIHCT TpJl6Ba ,LIa e nCHXHqeCKH no,nroTBelt 3a TOBa.

3.

Haii-BaJKHaTa 3a,LIaqa, CJIe,n OCHrypaBaHe Ha Ta3H YCJIOBUJI, e JIHueTO ,LIa 6'b,ne

U3CJlyruano.

",[(a ce YCTaHOBH KOHTaKT H ,nil ce H3c.1IyIUa CYUU,nHHTa JIHli- HOCT caMO no ce6e CH e D3JI(Ha CT'bnKa B pe,LIYUHpaue HHDOTO Ha CYHUH,nHOTO OT'fa1IHHe."

l{eJITa e ,na ce 3an'bJIHH npll3HHHaTa, C'b3.l{a,neHa OT He,LIOBepHe, OTqa- JlHHe H 3ary6a Ha

Ha~elK.lta

H ,na ce B'b3B'bpHe BJlpaTa, 'Ie cHryauHJlTa Moxce ,LIa 6'b,LIe no,n06peHa.

KaK mpR6ea iJa ce o6U/yea

'" CJIYIUaiiTe BHHMaTeJIHO, 6'b,neTe cnoKoiiHH.

'" I1pOJlBeTe p1l36HpaHe K'bM qYBCTBaTa Ha JIHueTO (no,LIqepTaiiTe, 'Ie P1l36H- paTe).

'" I1pe,LIaBaiiTe He-Bep6aJIHH nOCJIaHHJI 3a npHeMaHe H YBaxceHHe.

'" H3pll3eTe YBaxceHHe CnpJlMO HerOBHTe/HeiiHHTe MHeHHJI' H ueHHOCTH.

• rOBOpeTe "IeCTHO H OTKpOBeHO.

• IIoKax<eTe CBORTa CbrrpH"IaCTHOCT, 3arpHx<eHOCT H TOrrJIOTa.

• <l>oKYCHpaiiTe BbPXY "IYBCTBaTa Ha JIHueTO.

KaK

He

mp.R6sa oa

ce

06U/ysa

• .n;a rrpeKbCBaTe "IeCTO

• .n;a rrOKa3BaTe, "Ie CTe IIIoKHpaHH HJIH pa3BbJIHYBaHH

• .n;a rrOKaJBaTe, "Ie CTe 3aeTH

• .n;a 6b.n;eTe CHH3xo.n;HTeJIHH

• .n;a rrpaBHTe HaTParrBaIII;H ce H HeRCHH 3a6eJIeX<KH

• .n;a 3a.n;aBaTe HaTOBapBaIII;H BbrrpOCH

3a .n;a ce YJIeCHH 06III;YBaHeTo e He06xo.n;HMO .n;a 6b.n;eTe crroKoHHH, 3arpHX<eHH, rrpHeMaIII;H H .n;a He OCbx<.n;aTe.

I1JCJIYIIIBaHTe C TOIIJIOTa OTHaCRHTe ce C YBax<eHHe

Cb"lYBCTBaHTe IIoKaJBaHTe .n;oBepHe

CAMOYIiWMCTBOTO - MWT W PEAJIHOCT MHT

1. Xopa, KOHTO rOBopRT 3a caMoy6HHCTBO, He ro rrpaBRT.

2. CYHUH.n;HHTe JIHua HMaT HaHCTHHa HaMepeHHe .n;a yMpaT

3. CaMoy6HHcTBOTO ce H3BbpIIIBa 6e3 rrpe.n;yrrpeX<.n;eHHe

4. IIo.n;06peHHeTo CJIe.n; KpH3a He 03Ha'iaBa, "Ie CyHUH.n;HHRT pHCK e rrpeo.n;OJIRH.

PeaJIHOCT

1. IIoBe"leTo OT JIHuaTa, KOHTO ca ce caMoy6HJIH, ca

.n;aBaJIH orrpe.n;eJIeHH

CHrHaJIH 3a CBOHTe HaMepeHHR.

2. B rrO-rOJIRMaTa CH "IaCT Te ca aM6HBaJIeHTHH.

3. CYHUH.n;HHTe JIHua

"IeCTO .n;aBaT CHrHaJI 3a TPeBora.

4. MHOro caMoy6HHCTBa ce H3BbpIIIBaT rrpe3 rrepHo.n;

Ha rro.n;06peHHe, KoraTO JIHueTO HMa eHeprHRTa H

15

S.

He BCHtJKH caMoy6HHCTBa MoraT J],a 6'bJ],aT npeJ],oTBpaTeHH.

6.

AKo eJ],HO JIHll.e e CYHll.IIJ],HO, TO BIIHarH w;e OCTaHe

CyHll.HJ],HO.

I

)l(eJIaHHeTO J],a npeB'bpHe CBOJITa 6e3HaJ],e)l(J],HOCT B CaMOpa3pYlllHTeJIeH aKT.

S.

TOBa e TaKa. Ho nOBetJeTO OT THX ca npeJ],OTBpaTHMH.

6.

CYIlll.IIJ],HHTe MHCJIH MoraT J],a ce nOBTOpJlT, HO Te He ca nepMaHeHTHH H y nOBe'leTO JIHll.a Te MoraT J],a He ce B'bpHaT HHKora.

ClIrHaJIlI, KOHTO TpJl6Ba J],a ce npCJlT B nOBeJ],eHlIeTO Ha JIHtJHOCTTa HJIH B HeRHOTO MIIHaJIO:

1.

3aTBOpeHO nOBeJ],eHlIe, HeB'b3MO)l(HOCT J],a ce 06W;YBa C'bC ceMeRCTBOTO H npllJlTeJIIITe

2.

I1CHXII'IHO 3a60JIJlBaHe

3.

AnKOXOJIU3'bM

4.

Ee3nOKORCTBO HJIH uaHHKa

S.

I1pOMJlHa Ha JIH'IHOCTTa, Coqew;a 3a 06'bpKaHOCT, ueCHMU3'bM, J],enpeCHJI UJIU anarnJl

6.

I1pOMJlHa B HaBHll.HTe Ha xpaHeHe H Ha C'bH

7.

I1peJ],XoJ],eH cYHll.HJ],eH omiT

8.

CaMooMpa3a, qYBCTBO 3a BHHa, nOHH)l(eHa CaMOOll.eHKa HJIH tJYBCTBO 3a cpaM

9.

CKopolllHa rOJIJlMa 3ary6a - CM'bPT, pa3BOJ]" pa3J],JIJla H J],p.

10.

<l>aMHJIHa aHaMHe3a 3a caMoy6HRcTBO

11.

BHe3anHo )l(eJIaHHe 3a ype)l(J],aHe Ha JIH'IHHTe J],eJIa, UHcaHe Ha 3aBew;aHHe H J],p.

12.

'IYBCTBO 3a caMOTa, 6e3noMoW;HoCT, 6e3HaJ],e)l(HOCT

13.

I1P0W;aJIHO UHCMO

14.

COMaTHtJHH 3a60JIJlBaH.Il

1 S.

I10BTOPHH H3Ka3BaHU.Il 3a CM'bPT HJIH caMoy6HRCTBO.

KAK M CE Ol.{EHH

PliCK,))

T 3A CAMOYliJm:CTBO

KoraTo pa60TelUHTe B m.pBH'IHaTa 3ApaBHa nOl>fOm HMaT C1>MHeHHe 3a CYHUH.QHO nOBeAeHHe, Tl)Jl6Ba ,lJ,a ~ npeueUT CJIe,lJ,HllTe 4>aKTOPH:

*

HaCTOJllUeTO nCHXH'IHO C'hCTOJlHHe H MHCJIH 3a CM'hPT H CaMOy6HiicTBO;

*

BaJIH'IHe Ha nJIau 3a caMoy6HHCTBO - ,lJ,OlCOJIlCO JIHUeTO cee no.n.roTBHJIO 3a ,TOBaH B UlC'hB OpOlC TPJl6sa ,lJ,a ce H3B'hPJDH CYHUHAHHJlT aKT;

• HaJIH'IHe Ha CHCTeMa3a nO)J.lCpenaHa JIltueTO (ccMeiiCTBO, npHJlTeJIH H np.).

Haii-A06pHJlT RauB.lla ce pil36epe .ftIlJlH AMeHO JlHI.(e HMa CYHIlH.llDMHCJIH, e TO Aa 6'h,lJ,e~UHTaHo.ToBa npOTHsope'lH Ha oonylUlPHOTO yOCJK)J.eBHe, 'Ie pa3rOBOp"bTSa caMoy6HHCTBO BuymaBa Ha XOpaT8. Aa·ro H3B1>pmaT.

ilJalCTH'Iec:KH, 3ariHTaHHTe JIHua ca 6rraroAapUH H H3nitTBaT 06JIcl:'Iemle 3a TOBa. 'Ie MoraT Aa f'OBOPJlT onpHTO 3a iIpo6rreMHTC H B'hnpOCHTe, C KORTO ce ce c6rrDcnaT.

He e JIeCUO.ll.ace nOOHTa eAHO JlHue OTHOCHO uerOBRTe CYUUHJJ.HR neR, TIocTeoeHHOTO HaBJIH3aHe B opo6JIeMa 6H OOMOrBaJIO MHOro.ETO 'IUllCOtt B'hnpOCH, KOHTO 6HXa OOMorBaJIH:

• T'hXCeB/a JIR CTe ?

•. qyBCTBaTe JIH ce HemaCTH/a H 6e3110MomeH/a?

• qYBCTBaTe JIH, 'Ie HUKOR He BH 06H'Iil.?

. *

qYBCTBaTe JIH ce OT'laJIH/a?

*

qYBCTBaTe JIH ce Hecnoc06eH/a Aa DocpemHeTe AeHJl?

• qYBCTBaTe JIH, 'Ie lKHBOTbf Be eH CTPYBa.D.a ce lKHBee?

• qYBCTBaTe JIH, 'Ie lKRBOTlil; e 6peMe? .

• liMaTe JIH HaMepeHHe Aa HlB'hpJDHTe CaMoyOHRCTBO?

Kora .D.a ce OHTa?

• KoraTo JIHueTO HMa 'IYBCTBO, 'Ie He e pa36pauo;

• .KoraTO JIHUeTO HMa XCeJIaHHe Aa f'OBOpH 3a OBOHTe 'IYBCTBa;

• KoraTO JIHueTO t'OBOpH 3a HeraTHBHH 'IYBcTBa KaTO caMOTa, 6e3DOMOm- BOCT ",lJ,p.

Kano ,lJ,a ce OHTa?

L

Aa ce pa36Hpe .n.8nH JIHUCTO HMa onpe,lJ,eJIeH DJIaR J),a H3B'hpUlH caMoy6iicTBo:

17

*

J1MaTe 11H Onpe.ne11eH n11aH KaK .na npeKpaTHTe )KHBOTa CH?

*

J1MaTe 11H HllKaKBa H.nell 3a HaqHHa, no KOHTO .na ro H3B'bpIllHTe?

2.

)l.a ce oTKpHe .naJIH 11Hu;eTO HMa .nOCT'bn .na cnoc06HTe:

*

J1MaTe 11H XaIIqeTa, orHeCTe11HO Op'b)KHe, XHMHqeCKH npenapaTH H1lH .npyrH cpe.ncTBa?

*

HaJIHu;e 11H ca Te3H cnoco6H?

3.

)l.a ce pa36epe .naJIH 11Hll,eTO e onpe.neJIH1lo BpeMeTo:

*

PeIllH1lH 11H CTe Kora.na npeKpaTHTe )KHBOTa CH?

*

B KOH MOMeHT CTe 3aruIaHYBaJIH .na ro H3B'bpIllHTe?

BHHMaHHe

BCHqKH Te3H B'bnpOCH Tp1l6Ba .na ce 3a.na.n.aT C'bC BHHMaHHe, 3arpH)KeHOCT H C'bnpHqaCTHOCT

*

IIo,lJ,Be)K.namo H1lH "11'b)l(JlHBO" nO,lJ,06peHHe. KoraTo e,lJ,HO B'b36Y,lJ,eHO 11Hll,e H3Be,lJ,H'b)K CTaHe cnOKOHHO, Ton H1lH TIl MO)Ke 6H ca B3e11H peIlleHHe .na H3B'bP- IllaT caMoy6HHCTBO H 33,TOBa.na ce qYBCTBaT cnoKoHHH (nopa.nH B3eTOTO Beqe peIlleHHe).

*

OTpHu;aHHe. JIull,a, KOHTO HMaT MHoro cepH03Ho HaMepeHHe ,lJ,a OTHeMaT )KHBOTa CH, MO)Ke ,lJ,a oTpeKaT, 'Ie HMaT TaKHBa H,lJ,eH.

KAK .D.A

CE IIOfPl1JKHM 3A CYHI.(liI)l.HATA JIHqHOCT HHCJ>K pHCK

JlHll,eTO HMa CYHU;H,lJ,HH MHC11H, KaTO "He Mora ,lJ,a npo.n'bJI)KaBaM nOBeqe",

"J1CKa MH ce ,lJ,a C'bM YMpll11/a", HO He e HanpaBH110 HHKaKBH n11aHOBe.

Heo6xonHMH nenCTBHll

*

IIpe.n11o)KeTe eMOU;HOHaJIHa nO,lJ,Kpena

*

Pa3pa60TeTe CYHU;H,lJ,HHTe 'IYBCTBa. K011KOTO no-oTKpHTO e.nHO 11Hu;e rOBO- PH 3a CBOHTe 3ary6H, H3011all,H1l H 11Hnca Ha caMoqyBcTBHe, T011KOBa nOBe'le OTC11a6BaT HerOBHTe eMOll,HOHaJIHH CMymeHIDI. K011KOTO nOBeqe ce pa60TH B'bpXy eMOU;HOHaJIHHTe CMymeHHll, T011KOBa B'b3MO)KHOCTTa 3a pa3MHC'b11 HapaCTBa. IIpou;ec'bT Ha pa3MHC'bJI e KpHTH'IeH, T'bH KaTO HHKoii He OqaKBa, 'Ie 11Hll,eTO caM6 me OTMeHH peIlleHHeTO CH ,lJ,a yMpe H me BleMe peIlleHHe .na JKHBee.

-

• ITocTaBeTe aKueHT Ha n03HTHBHTe CHnH Ha nHueTO, KaTO ro HaKapaTe.u.a pa3rOBapX 3a TOBa KaK npe,nHllIHH npo6neMH ca 6HnH pa3pellIeHH 6e3 .u.a ce CTHra .u.O CaMOy6HHCTBO.

• HOCO'leTe nHueTO K'bM nCmrna'rbp HnH .u.pyr· cneUHanHCT no nCHXH'lllO l.u.paae.

• Cpell.{aHTe ce pe.u.OBHO H nOM'bp)KaHTe KOHTaKT.

JIHueTo lIMa CyMUHAHH MHcnH H nnaHOBe, HOHJlMannaH .u.aH3B'bPllIH

caMO~

y6HHCTBO He3a6aBHO.

He06xoOUMU

~eucm6Wl

• ITpe,ll.JlO)KeTe eMoUHoHanHa nOAKPena, pa60TeTe B'bpXy CyHUHAHHTe "YBCT- Ba H nOCTaBeTe aKUeHT B'bpXy n03HTHBHHTe 'lYSCTBa. B .u.OO'bnHeHHe, npo.u.'bn- )KeTe CDC CT'bnmre, npe.u.CTaBeOH no-.u.ony.

• llinon3BaiiTe aM6HBaneHTHOCTTa. 3.u.paaHHXT cneUHanHCT TP)l6Ba}l;a ce KOH- ueHTPHpa B'bpXy aM6HBaneHTHOCTTa Ha 'l'ySCTBaTa, TaKa 'le,tta 3aCHJIUnOCTe- neHHO )KenauHeTo 3a )KUBOT.

• ilinO.rIlBaHTeanTepHaTHBH Ha caMoy6HHCTBOTO. 3.u.paBHHJlT cneUHanHCT TPx6Ba.u.a ce onHTa.u.a H3nOnlBa pa3nH'lHH anTepHaTHBH Ha caMoy6HHCTBoTO, .u.OpH Te.u.a He ca u.neanHOTO pa3pellieSHe,

C

Ha.u.eX<,ll.aTa, ':Ie nHueTO meB'b3n- pHeMe nOHe e.u.Ha OT Te3H anrepHaTHBH.

• CKnIO'leTe .u.OroBOp. lliHCKaHTe 06ell.{aHHe, 'Ie JlHUeTO HXMa }l;a H31''bpllIH caMoy6HHCTBO:

- 6el .u.a ce ce CB'bp3anO C'bC 3.u.paBeH CneUHaJIHCT;

- 3a onpe.u.eneH nepHO.u..

ITpil "nperoBopHTe" 3a CKJlIO'lBaHe Ha.u.orOBopa, MO)KeTe .u.a BKJllO'IHTe

Hero~

BH/HeHHK MHlKH. ITperoBOpHTe MoraT }l;a nOMorHaT la o6c'bX<}l;aue Ha BaX<HH peneBaHTHH npo6ntMH. B nOBe'leT.O cny'laH naUHeHTHTe Cna3BaT 06emaHH- eTO- ,norOBOp. HMaHTeripe.a;BH}l;,o6a'le, ':Ie CKJlIO'lBaHeTO Ha .u.orOBOp e no.u.- Xo.u.Jlll.{O caMO B cnY'laHTe, npH KOHTO nHueTO HMa KOHTPon B'bpXy .u.eHCTBH- )ITa CH.

• HaCO'leTe nHueTo K'bM ncmrnaT'bp, KOHcynTaHT HJlH neKap H HacpO':leTe c:pe- ll.{a KOnKOTO e B'blMOHO no-cKOpO.

• CB'bp)KeTe ce C'bC CeMeHCTBOTO' H 6nH3KHTe My H OCHrypeTe TIlXHaTa no.u.xpena.

19

BHCOK PHCK

JIHIJ,eTO HMa OIlpe.ll,eJIeH IlJIaH, IlpHTeJICaBa Cpe.ll,CTBOTO .lI,a fO H3B'hplllH H B'h3- HaMepjjBa .lI,a fO HaIlpaBH He3a6aBHO.

He06xoou.M.U oeUCmeUR

• OCTaHeTe C JIHIJ,eTO. HHKOfa He fO OCTaBaihe caMO.

·Pa3fOBapjjUTe BHHMaTeJIHO C JIHIJ,eTO H OTCTpaHeTe XaIl'leTaTa, HOJICa, OfHec- TpeJIHOTO Op'h:lKHe, XHM'IeCXHTe IlpeIlpaTH H .lI,p.

• CKJIIO'IeTe )l.OfOBOp.

• CB'hpJICeTe ce He3a6aBHO C'hC CIleIJ,HaJIHCT IlO IlCHXH'IHO 3)l.paBe H ype)l.eTe JIHHeUKa H XOCIlHTaJIH3aIJ,Hjj.

• HHtPopMHpaUTe ceMeUCTBOTO H OCHrypeTe IlO)l.KpeIla.

HACOqBAHE HA CYH!.UiJUIO JIJrIQE

Kora

lIa ce HaCO'lH KoraTO JIHIJ,eTO HMa:

,.. IlCHXH'IHO 3a6oJIjjBaHe;

• aHaMHe3a 3a Ilpe)l.XO)l.eH CYHIJ,H)l.eH OIlHT;

• ct>aMHJIHa aHaMHe3a 3a caMoy6HHCBO, aJIKOXOJIH3'hM HJIH IlCHXH'IHO 3a6oJIjjBaHe;

• COMaTH'IeH Ilpo6JIeM;

• HlIMa COIJ,HaJIHa IlO)l.KpeIla;

Kax

lIa ce uaCO'lH

• CIleIJ,HaJIHCT'hT OT Il'hpBH'IHaTa 3)l.paBHa IlOMOlll. Tpi6Ba )l.a OT)l.eJIH Heo6xo- )l.HMOTO BpeMe, 3a )l.a 06gCHH Ha JIHIJ,CTO IlpH'IHHaTa 3a HaCO'lBaHe.

• OTCTpaHCTe cTpaxa IlOpa)l.H CTHfMaTa H OT JIe'leHHCTO '" 0611CHeTe, "Ie HaCO'lBaHCTO He 03Ha'laBa "6eJIg3aH/a".

'" 06gCHeTe, 'Ie Me)l.HKaMeHTo3HaTa H IlCHXOJIOfH'IHaTa TepaIlHjj ca ect>eKTHB- HH

• YfOBOpeTe HaCOqBaHeTO.

'" Y6e)l.CTe JIHIJ,CTO, 'Ie HaCO'lBaHeTO He 03Ha'laBa, "Ie 3)l.paBHHjjT CIleIJ,HaJIHCT CHeMa CBOllTa OTfOBOPHOCT OT Ilpo6JIeMa.

• Cpelll.HeTe ce C JIHIJ,eTO CJIe)l. KOHCYJITaIJ,HgTa.

'" nO)l.)l.'hpJICaUTe IlepHO)l.H'IeH KOHTaKT.

ffiU::a lIa ce JOcnHwhUBP3

'1\

nOBTapaW;H ce

MHCJl~ ,aCllMoy6H~CTno;

.. BHCoxa creneH HaHaMepeHUeTO,naceyMpe.B .aenocpe,l].CTBeH061!Aew;e (Cne,l].B8.IUHTe IDIXOJlXO tJ:aea IJJIH ,IUlH);

. .. B'h,6Y,l].eaOCT MH namm.;

'.* a~'flle'Ha Mask 'ce )I:mO:JI3Ba Heoocpc.n:cUea cnoc06.

J<aIs llIge ul~~a

. ·!te .oc111BaHre~eipcaMo;

• yroBopcrre xocIiJi~~wrra; oClirypeie tpaHCnOPTaAo 6oJlBBItB;1'aC J1H2 seba JDIuno.ruu:nU' . . , . . .. . .. ., '. .

• YBe,n:OMeTe~~HeTepeCoBaIUrre c:nyE6BHceM~ticTBOTO PBCYrCH

06HtJ:aOBHTepecypCB Ha nO,!].ICpena, KOBTO ca HllJmi:l.eda: .

*ceMeiiCTBoTO ' .

*op.wrrenHre

• XOJJe£1lre

• .n:yxOBSH JlIU.l.!1

• l.\eSTPOBe 3illCln13HC~H· HBrepBeHU,lDl'

• 3,n:PaBB,B npo4leCBOBanHCTH

K3Kna lIOCTHfHeMnQpeCl!Pcirre?

• OOBTaihe ce .na nonytJ:HTe pa3pem:eSHeTO DR CYlll.\HtI;HOTO mine .,n:Rpp1{BJIe- tJ:eTe nOJIICpenan H;l pecypCHTe H ,n:a Bne3eTe B'hBBp'h3Ka ,c nIX,

* ,D;opHaKo ne CTe nonytJ:MB TUOBa pa3peWeBHe, nOCTapaHre, ce p,a OTlq)H- eTe SHoro, :KOoro C'h'ly»CTBa Ha CYHI.\H,l].HOTO nHl.\e,

*J'a3roDapJliiTe C'hC CYHUHJI,HOTQ nHue npe,l].DapHTenSOH 06KCHeTe. 'Ie .DOHK- lCora e no-nOCHo,n:a 9CroBOPH C Deno3BaT. OTKOnlCOTO C

Ji,lUCoro.JC~n·orc:>

Q6H- ,'{aMe. TaKa lie Toil MH

'f.H

,n:a Beet nO'ly»CTBaTnpeHe6persaTHKJIII'aapaueHH.

• Pa3roBapKHre C H36poeHHTe no-rope nHUa 6e3 ,l].a rHoQBHHJiDaTe,HJIH ,l].a rH J(apal'e ,n:a ce tJ:YBCTBaT DHHOBSH,' . . ' . , ...• "."

^J<

* OCHrypeTe THXHaTano,n:tq>ena. 3a ,l].eHCTBMTa, J;OHTO ~e JIpeMpHeldeTe.

• 06'bpHeTe BHBMaHue' B Ha TeXUHTe H}'lI\,l].H. ' .

21

HE~,

KOlITO TPJlEBA.AA CE HAITPABJIT H KOHTO HE TP JlEBA .AA CE IIPABJIT

HeUla, KOUmO mpJl66a oa ce Hanpa6Jlm

• H3CJIywaiiTe, nOKa)l(eTe C'hnpH'IaCTHOCT H 6'h,1J;eTe CnOKOHHH;

• E'h,1J;eTe nO,1J;KpemUll.H H 3arpH)I(eHH;

• IIpHeMeTe CHryall.HJlTa CepH03HO H Oll.eHeTe CTeneHTa Ha pHCKa;

• IIonHTaHTe 3a npe.nxO,1J;HH OnHTH;

• IIpe,1J;JIo)l(eTe ,1J;pyrH B'h3MO)l(HOCTH 3a peWaBaHe Ha np06JIeMa, OCBeH caMoy6HiicTBOTO;

• IIonHTaHTe ,1J;aJIH HMa CYHll.H,1J;eH OJIaH;

• IIe'leJIeTe BpeMe - CKJIIO'leTe ,1J;OrOBOp;

• OnpHHTe ,1J;pyrH nOMp'h)I(HHll.H;

• OTCTPaHeTe CnOC06HTe, aKO e B'h3MO)I(H0;

• .l1:eiicTBaHTe, rOBopeTe C ,1J;pyrH nOMp'h)l(HHll.H, npHeMeTe nOM om;

• AKo PHCK'hT e BHCOK, OCTaHeTe C JIHll.eTO

HeUla, Koumo He mpJl66a oa ce npa6Jlm

• .l1:a npeHe6perHeTe cHryall.HUa;

• .l1:a 6'h,1J;eTe wOKHpaH, npHTecHeH HJIH ,1J;a H3na,1J;HeTe B naHHKa;

• .l1:a Ka)I(eTe, 'Ie BCH'IKO me ce onpaBH;

• .l1:a npe,1J;H3BHKaTe JIHll.eTO ,1J;a npO,1J;'hJI)I(H ,1J;a ,1J;eHCTBa;

• .l1:a HanpaBHTe TaKa, 'Ie np06JIeM'hT ,1J;a H3me)l(,1J;a TPHBHaJIeH;

• .l1:a ,1J;a,1J;eTe JI'h)I(JIHBa CHryPHOCT

• .l1:0 06emaeTe ceKpeTHOCT;

• .l1:a OCTaBHTe JIHll.eTO caMO.

AHra)l(HpaHOCT, '1YBCTBHTeJIHOCT, pa36HpaHe H 3arpH)I(eHOCT K'hM ,1J;pyro '10- BeWKO C'hmeCTBO, e,1J;Ha C'h,1J;6a, KOJlTO CH 3aCJIY)l(Ba ,1J;a ce H3)1(HBee - TOBa ca OCHOBHHTe pecypCH Ha pa60TemHTe B n'hpBH'IHaTa 3,1J;paBHa nOMOm B TllXHTa pa60Ta no npe,1J;OTBpaTJlBaHe Ha caMoy6HHcTBaTa.

llPMOliC 1

. CYHUWJ,EH paCK: YCTAHOBJIBAHE, OUEHKA »DJlAH 3A ).1,EHCTBHE

CYHu~eH

pUCK CHMDTOM OueUK8 ).1,eiicTBHe·

0

HilMa AHCTPCC

-

1

EMOI..(HOllaJIIIO Pa311HT3HTC 33 CJlywaihc

pa3C1'pOClI/a CYllUlI).IIUl MHCJIH CbC C'[''1YBC THHC

2

Ota6H H).IeH Pa311HTaHTC 3a CJlywaihe

3a CM'bPT CyHUH).IHH MHCJIH C'be C'h'lyHC

TUMC

3

CJla6H CyHl.(Hillll1 OllellcTc lIaMcpc- 111110JI-

MHCJIH IIIlCTO (IIJlall H :}BaHTc

clloc06) B'),.3MO)f(1I0-

CHITC, HaMl:pCTC 1l0.llKpClla

4 CYHUII).IllH HAeH. OI.\CIICTC lIaMCpC- JihIlOJI-

HO 1I11Ma IICHXH'IlIO IIHeTO (llJlall II 3Bai1Tc

3a60Jl}mallC clloc06) U'['3MOlKIlO-

cnnc.

HaMcpcTc II O.llKpCn a

5

CYHllH).IJlH MCH OI.\CUCTC llaMepc- 06'bPIlCTC

H IICHXH'IlIO lIllCTO (IIJtaH. H CC JrbM

pa3c1'poifc'ruo HJIH clloc06) nCI1XHarbp

CHJICH )f(HTCi1CKH CKJIlO'leTC

Cl-pCC AOI'OIJOP

6 CYHI.\IlIIH I1).\CU OCTalicTc HaCO'lCTC

H nClIXll'lIlO C naUHCIlTa 3a XOCIlJl-

pa3cTpoi1cTuo HJIIi (3a Aa npc).Iompa- TaJIH3al..(HlI CHlICll lKIl'rei1cKH Tine ,l.lOC1-bfI3 ).10

C'l-pCC llJIII clloc06a)

alKHHlpaHOCT 1\ UPC).IXOJ.\CII OllllT