Effect of soil solarization on the microbial population and activity in the greenhouse Okur N., Tüzel Y., Cengel M. in

(1)

Okur N., Tüzel Y., Cengel M.

in

Choukr-Allah R. (ed.).

Protected cultivation in the Mediterranean region Paris : CIHEAM / IAV Hassan II

Cahiers Options Méditerranéennes; n. 31 1999

pages 407-411

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--- Okur N., Tüzel Y., Cengel M. Effect of soil solarization on th e microbial popu lation an d activity in th e green h ou se. In : Choukr-Allah R. (ed.). Protected cultivation in the Mediterranean region . Paris : CIHEAM / IAV Hassan II, 1999. p. 407-411 (Cahiers Options Méditerranéennes; n. 31)

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EFFECTS OF SOU, ON

N. ÇENGEL

of

Abstract: was the effects of

The soil that had been cultivated in

was with a 40 PE 6 weeks.

(0-1, 1-5, 5-10 and 10-15 just

effect of on

by 55% and 76%, The soil depth was examined with to the and the lowest fiom 0-1 cm.

Among the to be the

one. causes some physical, chemical and biological changes that (Nedi, 1990).

is applied the

6 to heat the soil by using the

pathogenic fungi, some nematodes, insects, mites and weeds by killing 1991) and thus enhances the yield

also influenced fiom

et al. (1991), the that

at the depth of 10

also causes a total fungus population in

This investigation was conducted in the of Ege

of 1 99 1.

m')

lying in soil that was cultivated in

a sheet 6 weeks from July 3 1 to

11, 1995. Soil just

30) 12) a 2 cm mesh

physical and chemical analysis.

vol. 31 407

(3)

Soil total soluble salt (Soil Staff, 195 l), calcium

1965) given table 1.

Table 1. Some physical and chemical properties of the soil samples.

Analysis

Soil Samples l

Sand (“h) Silt (“h) Clay (%)

(at 25°C) CaC03 (‘h) Salt (“h)

mat. (%)

59.68 58.60 55.00 57.76

16.32 17.72 16.00 16.68

24.00 23.68 29.00 25.56

6.84 6.90 6.95 6.90

4.13 3.85 3.32 3.77

0.1 1

o.

12 0.1 1 0.11

5.40 5.10 5.30 5.27

Sandy loam

to the the

to

(1 (CZostridium) also counted on

1968).

evaluated by

not statistically significant (Table 2).

Table 2. g dry soil)

of soil (cm) 0-1 1-5 5-10 10-15 Ave.

115.4 95.2 106.0 92.2 102.2 145.7 89.4 90.6 81.8 101.9

130.6a 92.3b 98.3b 87.0b

biomass is the in the biochemical

cycles and the alive of the soil is not

algae (Çengel, 1990). Tezcan et al.

(1988) have claimed that to

than the and

Cahiers Options 31 408

(4)

the to the

biomass and the soils. of

the soil may the 2negative effect of a

When the effect is is shown to be

at examined soil depths. The depth

(0-1 cm) and the to of biomass-c

to the depth

et al., 1986; Geste1 et al., 1992).

to (Table 3). The enzyme

in The in of 69 % at 0-1 cm,

55 % at 1-5 and 5-10 cm and 44 % at 10-15 cm depths.

Table 3. @g TPF/g dry soil)

of soil (cm)

0-1 1-5 5-10 10-15 Ave

498 613 772 600 620a

153 274 348 338 278b 05 326c 443b 560c 469b

in the by

at

claim that enzymes the

at the top level and the et al., 1988) causes a

in

The depth of soil was also effective on enzyme activity significantly. The highest and the lowest

at at the

to Anaerobe bacteria number

(Table 4) and

% the at investigated soil %, 73

%, 80 % and 70 %

Table 4. Anaerobe bacteria number (numbedg dry soil).

1-5 5-10 10-15 Ave.

~- ^~~~~~ ^~~ - ^~ ^~ ^~

6038 20085 30802 13274 17549a

~~

6036 4034 4258b

n5 3803C 12740ab 18419a 8654bc

Cahiers

@lions

vol, 31 409

(5)

was expected to have an in the of the limited

that that high

effective on

Gamliel and (1 99 1) that hgi

the

The effects of soil to

the 3 (5-10 cm) and the cm depth. Owing to the fact that, soil

lethal the oxygen.

Akbaba, G., 1994. Cad$

NO. 3 14,42-47.

Anderson, J.P.E. and 1978.

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Black, C.A., 1965. 1.2. of

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Bouyoucos, G.J., 1962.

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Campbell, C.A. and O., Biederbeck, 1976. as affected by Soil Sci., 56:293-3 10.

Çai)lar, 1949. Soil Science. A.Ü.Z.F.

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27, NO:3, 317-322.

Eltez, and Y., Tiizel, 1994. The on

366,339-344.

Gamliel, A. and J., 1991..

in in 5,

494-502.

Gauer, and Perry, 1991. The- use of soil nematodes. Nematological Abst. Vol. 60, No: 4, 153-167.

Gestel, J.N., Amato, 1992. to seasonal

at 24 (2): 103-111.

Bogle, 1989. of to

Abst. 1991,061-03810.

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Jackson, 1958. New

E.A., T., and O., Evaluation

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matta. 24 (7): 675-683.

tan, J., 1981. of h.

21 1-236.

Cannon, J.A. on and P., Cook, 1986. soil

C in L. 50 to two

r&, 1968.

Nemli, T., 1990. The of soil E.Ü.Z.F. Vol. 27, No:2, 299- 307.

&@ik, S., 1996. S. No: 5,

taino, J.B., Perry and

Sclerotium rolfsii, of

E. and F., We&, 1951.

Z. v. 54:240-249.

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Off., Washington.

Srivmtav% S.C., 1992. on N, and in dry

Temn, Yj4dYz and 1988. bitki

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Thalmaun, A.., 1968. im

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vol. 31 411