أحكام القصّر في الشريعة الإسلامية والقانون الوضعي

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(8) B:‫ =< א‬B) K B(5(B=‫א‬,-.‫ א‬G‫א‬#P;K Q. Résumé : Le Dieu a offri au mineur plusieurs droits, ces derniers ont nécessité la création de plusieurs textes et lois spécifiques, pour préserver ces droits. Le droit a benefecié de ces textes juridiques. Parmi ses lois on trouve l’obligation d’écrire sa tutelle , sa filiation , sa prise en charge …, et tous ce la dans un système de différents lois, détailles et clairs, pour la protection sociale du mineur.. : ;

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(135) Cq F +1" / m~OK CE<p~0 ~= B ~ ,d~=S 1~ - ,VHKF F 1 mOK =0!~" CE<p~0 = B gd=S Fq b o MB =0!" gVHKF Fq b o MB W

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(144) ~ M~B ÕP ,vF & ~$ :s ~wz{ @ 1~" /~0 £78¡ @8~F &~ a # !pK /0 yz{ oq!~$ &È~( C~PB >~aQK C~ q $ M~B x OK V :K aP $ ~ (43) gB¦ & q $ ]L &K /* &a D=$ &01 &d<0 &0i &~ n &q & d0 !K1K aL V :&K1Oq _P K }8j ¬ K B (44) g&U10 &? h D=$ &dK &0i & q $ &dP8$ &Spq x OK :s ~wz{ @ 1~" /~0 £62¡ @8~F &~q Yy? hP K /0 dP " &~P¸ M~B K & q /P8 MB & qkq x OK & <$ !K1K CPB V CJS (45) 'Kq x O<K [ 1HP /US °kP gO342 M2B2 -4H5K¹852 >42, :x[K /24~U3 4P5 Y 5 !2~K31K 2 2 , :#~$ &K1OK ;12−11:®pOK7 64z2^42 )2 2=5 4B2 ¥O2$2 V4.2 3 3 4 <203.2 3 4 K214L2 /¥58) :#~$ &~K1OK , ;231:@ ~OdK7 6 C2 2CB 2 ~U2 K 4 2 42 ¥ -¥P5 4 2 8222 /F @ ~0 :ÇK /q B /q % !dB P!S , ;37: B +7 6P2 3.22 2<2a2.22, &K VP! yB &K V=Qq . V=q : % +1 P :GKO Vd=K # Yy? !"#$K

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(157) g 'Kq x O<K [ 1HP /US °kP :&=0 : . /US . 0 °K

(158) # ZJP ~ 8 gr /H0 /Ï y=K /0 CJS #1P /0

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(179) 71. 2012 J07 J29 2007 5 ‫ א

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(229) @k /0 VdpK l b 0 ,&=J¾ /0 VdpK CPB & 0 mO$ tOK &~ q $

(230) B P &a Va ,&K0 &a &1pP

(231) B P

(232) 0 ¯ !? CJS g&Âz$ L &(0 COa=K /0 & K l¾ 0 >. o 1$ & <$ &dP8$ Wa=K MB CP)1Kq =K ]L :R G‫א‬L(WT‫א‬ Ca~j s~q hp~P ) 81?10 . Wa=K MB CP)1Kq - OL 0 !~O ~ ,

(233) ~j sK Ø1K :!O g aK 1={. &P)1K C0b y~? ,&0O0 x1OP /0 ¿OK : · !O ,H Ø1K Ø1 Ø1K !"#$K

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(239) 8) M~B K 1HP :s wz{ @ 1" /0 £87¡ @8F ~F y~? ~0 C~aK§ =0 JP * ,(71) 1" &<© x >^ &$ !q gV0[ &Oa<K Cq :¯1K °¦ 3 3 3 3 c [. 3d~2 6[ 4 M2~B2 /P 2 =0È~F 2 3 ~H2<4K 5% >2~2Â 4 2 /4K22,:#$ &K1OK :x[ ~ 1 (72) g&=P8 &"[b VdpK MB /×ÈP ) HK ,;41:y=K7 1Ï ,;5:y=K7 6-4H52KK12042 y ¹ 1$5È4$5 )2, :#$ &K1OK ,!( K ~ 2 2 2a2K g# q /0 dpK & $ /B V =K -r10 y aK ÕÈ g@1.K ~ 3 M~B &~=0 /×È~P ) /×È~F o~ ]aK ,& K != I = 0 1HP ~ 4 g&K0 &=P8 VdpK &~P) GE~j 1~K ,t~OK M~B C~P)1K tOK P mOK Ô1<dK ~ 5 g&a MB GEpK gt" MB &P) p$ [ /PtOK /0 1 1=vF ,>OK ~ 6 y~Pq x1~OP /~F G~dN$ ) Wa=~K M~B CP)1K & ~aQK R~P >N0 'K # 1B!P d 8 opK /0 VdpK x ¾ /0 . ,l[K MB @!OK 0 0 &?[B >¤ /. GQO~ ,'K >. MB 8" . -P HK ]<X C=S C qkK /0 - <K 1~ ,&~ O=$ Ï 1KO C a=S &~dP8$ Vdp~K M~B CQ<~ Wa=~K M~B ¯1~<K :Wa=~K MB ¯1K YQ< g(74)CE<p0 a tOK Wa=q CO<F 10 w & <$ & ?1$. !"#$K

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(244) אא‬. Wa=K MB CP)1K y : X‫א‬L(WT‫א‬ >~ " C=~ ~B C\q > " .<K Ô1<dKq tOK Wa MB CP)1K V =$ 1~ { +1" MB .K. Ô1<dKq V = N 0 ,B C I > " B Cdq ~r1b8 >d" !( x!K C ?zK G q # +1b!Kq V =$ > " ,C HKF q ~ d" 1H$ ,+? K ¨¦0 x!K gr0 a <(2NhiI‫א‬j‫א‬W X‫א‬SA4T‫א‬ MB C0[B s & K8 % °~ , ;6:y=K7 6-4r521204 2 -4 3 4K23 15 28 4 2 2 !c(45 -4 5=40 -4542 43 2 2 2 H2==KK 15<2q2 (75) g-<S Ô1<q 1 CP H=K Ô1<q ,Ô1<dK !( K :-r0 !K #$ :Ô1<dK Y0[B :C0K Y0[K ~ ( 1HP ) gzK 8 n ) s8K K &q 8 F ,CK ( Yd ~ 1 ! P!S Ô1<dK /B ´ b$ I @8K Ô1<dK MB C0[B C E<K q /~ ,-z$È~0 /B hH =H ,CDP " V=q % +1 V=HL :+" : &K +" -<F CP ,(76) sK

(246) =<? Gd=P /0 ,

(247) =<" Gd .(77) Y1 d }1 /0 % -HEq GHL !OK C~ I V~ ~ 0 Ô1<dK Ep @8K sK C=K Ô1<q ~ 2 1 :/K 3 3- ~3 K )3 -. 2 +202 1q5 2O4$2 )2,:#$ &K1OK C HKF /0 -OK /q +1" 1 C= B ` : dB /q +" g;152:x7 6

(248) 5!¥(52 Ð2<5d4P2 ¥L2 /52L42 V23 V3K K3q _I :!( &K1OK C= B C # > " ,(78) h "1$ /B ) +OP ) >N0 ,C= @B !"#$K

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(253) אא‬. 78. 8!~S &~=0 Y~b &~ <B 0 &K0 . C= @B W 81K1F Ð<q :

(254) 8 !~" . C= B C /q 1 +OKq B /q % !dK &$? ,(79) :+~" I =~B % ¿ ~B /~q /~B ~ /~B :P!S ® C= @B q ,_z~Â -~< C=~ @~B ~q /q +OK !L x1P % +1 V=U B P!~S W ~K (80) _~? C= @B W /q }!=X x1P V=U B gÐ<dP x Ð<q y1 +OK @? MB CK)8 & I Ô1<dK MB CK)8 5 -5H5=4~03 +5~a2i42 615324~ 2<4 2 2 -2~<5S Ð2~<2q2 232, :#~$ &~K1OK x[~L) ~ 3 1=vF /B -<¾ L VdpK /B :Ã[ /B -<OK : &K1" ,;59:1=K7 g(81) 1EpP L -w=K /B L >OP L :y=Kq CjX Y0[K ~ G~<d" ~ :~ =B % ¿ u ~dL À G=q CiaK &K1OK : S ~ 1 yI &K1" ,(82)j x!K '=B Y q8 @[pK VB! CJ S ~ ) ~ =0 ª P <pP EF G<q @ F yI P : Hq À G=q g& a. & ? # ( ,(83) M~B a=K x8 " &< K8 a=K U1Kq ) &=0 !.P ) : >S ~ 2 &~q >~0S Yµ~b ,>~S G~" -~S Y0[B j W~a M~B aS MB !wB +10 MB aS -r10 MB £- a MB¡ [~ ,- a=~P I~q Zm~K :m~OK M~B C~P)1K >j ,r x8b +F -3 ~3 K 2 +202 1q5 2O4$2 )2 , :#$ &K1OK VdpK CE<p0 & JO$ Iq ) ¯1K ZmP VK~q ) ¯1~K T OP ) +10 G. , ;152:x7 6 /52L42 V23 V3K K3q )3 <~j /~L V VKq ) T OP ) Wa dpK Kj /L V !"#$K

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(259) אא‬. >J~ !~K !K >E 0 : &K1OK ,+F MB Wa=K -P!OK # q /0 -r g(84)/L 8 /0 [ MB ) &~q

(260) ~B P ) ]~ K ) C~ q $ &~ q P ) ~a=P ~0 ) &<P 1~P ) gggC =$ DaL & <B &K ¾ Iq ) &K0 &K ZmP ) /Lq ggg

(261) y ]<QP ) ,+0 MB Kj ®" :Ð<q & &=B 1aP ) ,&jp" (85) g&E<pF ) &a( /B 1aP ) & <B vS /0 VdpK l Ò 0 : X‫א‬L(WT‫א‬ ]EP ) a U \ (

(262) 1q . ,& q /B l Ò &< VdpK Ð<q } ~ G~ . ~T l X 1q 8 Y!K @ F G?z$ ,&aK vS g(86) vS /0 ? X 'K :!K /~q ~B +1~OK t~OK +~0 @~vK 1Í :tOK +0 @vK 1? ) g~B1 0 s ,(87)@~.zK ~ <.$ ) 0~ K +1~0 Í :QX >K & >j ,/×È0 & YÌb &$Í Y!. ¯1K MB IU g&a &K0 tOK [j MB COa <Ò Ø1K ¯1<K 1Â :Ø1K ¯1K +Iq - K COa <b 1? 3 4 ,:#$ &K1OK - <K L[j 'K . &K0 0 - K -4H5512b43 2 2 -41 5 Q`KÊ2 5 2 3 3 4 4aF -<2P % C~jb &~ <B ]P !"

(263) 8 ,;220:@ OdK7 633<pF 4 /20 !2 aF 5 42 2 [~ - ~ <K @!~a0 Ø1<K CE<p0 1 <X . 0 ,!L G q . 3 3- ~3 K V2~3 V3KK~q3 )3 -. 2 +2~02 1~q5 2O4$2 )2 ,:#$ &K1OK &QP aq &0¨) 'K 1Â g- K C ? /0 /L s , ;152:x7 6 /52L42 &Oa 1P Ø1K ¯1K MB Vd=P : B &K0 /0 - K MB C1K g;7:}[QK7 6&3322 /40 Cº22 5 ]4a3=4 53K, :#$ &K1OK Z K 8!L - K MB. !"#$K

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(270) !K 0 /0 / q 0 ~ g/NK ®bo !K1K Kp0 MB &Sp0 x!OP !" C <K :&a=K / ~K ) ~ dK 8 ~P :

(271) !~K1K &~a=K / ~K dK . > > ?

(272) ~Í CE<p~Fq Zm~K 1~ >~j MB y? !" & ZmK CEj H0 gVdpK C OK &K /0U 1 U0 / K dK £ =¡ <0 . 0 ~ (88) gH0 Eq Zm<K E Ep$ ,&K0 &~ dP ) Vdp~K K~j . VdpK OB dP Ø1K ³K ~ gVdpK Kj W K q s /B +z0 & dK 8o W\dq M~B Y!B @oP @qEF G. dK a :sk<K q© &Bq &<~j /~0 dK 8 @qEF GDB ,VdpK +F /0U & &K0 Ø1K (89) gVdp<K =K o ZmK /B +z0 &. !"#$K

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(277) אא‬. :M~B Gp~ s ~wz{ @ 1" /0 88 @8F & K Gd sK )È~0 1~HP ®P ~S >? K Zm$ tOK +10 ZmP ¯1K MB gxK 1OK Y JOF Odi :C KK Y mK ¿OK P & <B gCSpF y ? &= &" OK q ~ 1 gCjX C ´ Y Y)1O=F q ~ 2 gC.¦ C´F k") "q tOK +10 IN ~ 3 C=~ /~0 ~N. MB !× Y1= Ã[ MB !Pz$ @!F tOK OB Â ~ 4 g(90)!( K / &1<q !q BC ‫ א‬DE‫א‬FG*4 -‫א‬12H‫א‬I !(2J‫ (;א‬W@A‫א‬12‫א‬ ‫*! (=א‬KLM-‫א‬ ~. I~. ~T ]L 1 !? I=P /0ÈF CKU V CHS & '( ) * …/P!K x1P # Od$ C d @!B" &K1Oq / L Vd=K C~ "a$q ~ FB C~=<F >~aQK }1~OL # Cp~Ea0 @ D=q x1 K D 0 C~q K ~¨8 1989 C=~ @!~EF -~0³K C~0K C~ { >aQK }1OL V~K -~HS

(278) ~ /0 Ï =.8 @80 @80 810 ?dP8 " ,1q g

(279) o /0 T ]L 1 1HP -<F MB Â CK~U /~H$ ~Ï =.8 &B &K1j x[ Ç1p # !B 0 yI~K /~0 VL1~K +z~ =0 x[ @81?10 V I <F · MB

(280) ~ ~ 1p~p\F ~ Pµ? &q y? &~ B!$ ~0 Ej > :V=K$ '=H H +S . gy K CPK x C~ "a$)

(281) ~ C=<F &"1OS C 0[ CPK >aQK }1OL y1L /0 ?O C r

(282) }1OS

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(290) T -r Y1j MBq 1Lj - wIU /P~~$ 20 ~ 61C~~0K C~~<{ >~~aQK }1~~OL C~~ "a$ :C~~ "a$)

(291) ~~ gx1989µ 1Ú_NK ) µ~Í ~i ~i I~ 0 ~ 1n !=B G.8 x1~P # ~dK o~X ,y[OK /0

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