/ ! "# $ א א א א א א א א א כ " # א $א%&' (א ) א *+ א , - $אא א - כ/ א א01א #2א23א $אא א כ כ #4% א 1א%5א 6+כ ' א 6+כ ' א 8 + +0 4 א א +כ א 9 : ;< א +כ א = >? %15א @;' א ( כ א אA א 8* א B& % א *א . Résumé :
Le thème de cet article est la définition de "L'approche systémique" dans le cadre de l'enseignement et l'apprentissage à partir d'une exposition de l'importance de la pensée systémique face aux défis de la mondialisation et comme il est sens qui vise à développer les capacités intellectuelles qui est le meilleur moyen que les générations doivent le porter pour lutter contre la dominance culturelle matérielle de leurs sociétés. $ $ א +כ א א א 2א* 91 א א א א ,' א ;+' א $אDE א EF = אכ G $א1 א +H- א +H- א *א0 . א IJא? 91 = 4 א ;< א +כ א =1 K' א 3א , 4 א 4*אL3א +כ א 91 6אGDא 6G EM א%/ >Jא+M *א 8+כ 9 : ' 8+כ א NL א / O < א $אMא0'Pא 8*% א ... +Q א Rא;1: 91 א+SאD #T א א 91 א+G ;< א +כ א ,Sא ,אכ א .
$%&' (%) * : U+' V א Lא א = א : א ?- RאK(3א = 1 / IQ?
,ככ Xכ א RאY1/ ZאA? = -A' א & א $א א = / 2א א /K P ,כ = RאK(3א B2א Eאכ אא? א S[ ) 1 ( . א/ 4+ א א ^+' ) : כא* $אDE1 א $א?כ =1 8א01 א ) ,1א ' _א' 1+ +0 א 'א?כ = Xכ ,כ כ א ( ) 2 ( . א ?- אY/ א U+' ) 1 = ^ - 4 א @כ+ א כ " `0 א א Y ) ,1א ' א Fא% א RאK(3א = # $אDE א א T0'+' +Q +H-' +H-' # + 8*%& a א RK( ,כ 4*b [ א כ- ( ) 3 ( . א ,F% א U+ ) *b 4 א ,F% א >?- 4 ) א5א ,א א 9 : א Xכ ,כ , N& cd' _א' ,' א $א א $א?כ אכ א +H-' Xכ N& #א ; $א?כ א = F- 1+ כ א 'א?כ +H-' O = +0כ/ כ א ( ) 4 ( . 3 א +כ א + a +G + א א א 8+ ) א1 1997 6א0' א1 e2/ 4 א א e%' +;' Kכ+ 1973 91 ef =1 א א1 א gQ א 2000 א א א 8%%1 $א2א% Kכ+ א א אD %D # , T e א + כ 0S- i א $א % א $א+'b א = %% א %1 Q א 91 + א % א = +jכ & א א g , ,j אY/ א א , =G א כ+3א 8%& א $אP א . כ+A א $א2א% א = %% א Rא+(: ' %D =1 >'אK א e% א א ,F% א kY' א e% א ;< א ,F% א ' א 4% א ,F% א 4/ e% L'approche linière ' א א א א%<2א א א $א0; א ` m+1 אכ i RאK א Rאכ א א = 2א% א $א+ א ` e%' ( ) 5 ( . , * - . * / $%&' 0%1$ : א %G א א א e% א # א U+ א / ,F% א א e% א 4 א n23א כ " : ) א* 2 / א א
Y' אכ EF = $א1 א א 4/ = $אDE א אכ א , א $א1 א / א א = 6+_ O / @ א; T 91 א*אD >2% U2 א ) >2א* B02 א L+ = = 2א% א ,Lא+ ;F EF &א 8*%& 6*א%15 א א I = = oG<' / ( ) 6 ( #א +? ,כA א ) 1 ( . < א א O + א e% 0Q א כ כ , Eכf F- 4 א + א O + = א1+ ,j' &+f ,כ Jא+f 8%1 = א?כ א?א;2/ . א א ' א + א pא2/ 91 " Jא0 א Constructivisme " א + א א + א א @?א( )( ;' 1 / א ' אכ / S/ $אDE א 6 k?אכ Rא2 r0 א $אDE א 2א2/ ,כA
א Hא%L: =כ . א א kL+M א $א + א , = >?/ ,F% ) / n2/ %Lא Xs ' ^D א +Sא א )( ) ,א א 91 ' +M =1 8א01 4*א +_ / Xאכ א*א *( א א Rf ,כ X/ א01א 91 … א + א 1 2% א +כ א 1 XאQ?5א א כ ( 7 . +Hb' א T&' r ,Fא* * %L = )' א r0 א 6 ,א 8*א1 +H-' , א t" א 1 א* ,j' =כ א 2א23א $א(+< א $א א $EF% א = Xכ 4 א[ . ) ,1 T0 =כ + א V א 1 B+M =1 א[א ( # א Xאכ א = ,F% א ) ,א 9 : Q? / א? &? 91 א?%f+ א+כ א א + א א א $א;< א / $אRא+(5א = אH 1 e $EכA א ,L , א1
א 1א0': א % א כA ,L =1 אj& א א% 91 +Q א [ 'א+2: א1 0M B +V' א* כA א . $%&' " 2 : oJאGF c+/ = א א 6 א ?/ : ) 1 kQ 8G א2% אS Sא+ א RאK(3א = 1 =1 8א01[ s א' א כ& 1 / *א ,Sא א Y =1 א G א 6 X/ , i 1א RאK(3א ` א Y +Hb , $אDE1 א , 8%L א ' . 2 ' P +G VS , iRאK(3א 1 $א S 91 א : $א S א X RאK(3א $א S +_ , ,כ %( P א oJאG< א $א G א = א +א NL 3א = RK( 6*+ RאK( . 3 6א RK( ,כ ;' NL RאK(3א 9 ' א אQ' > S ( 8 3 , * - . * / $%&' 4 : ) 1
אA א 8* א B& א א e% א 8Rא כ ) . 2 ( *א < א א ,( 8+ *א א ?כ = P% nE; n . 3 @ א; א Xכ N& nE; א g% א +כ א 91 8% א Rא?u
Q א v+ א 91 א*אD >'אJK( % X/ X * O 43 אA א 0 . 4 5א ,1א א 91 8% א Rא?: א % א 8K (/ $א ) א א 'Rא כ . 5 א T+ א א א L %' א wא%L3א ,&' 91 8% א Rא?: א%L/ = > L % א א(+ P א1א @ א; א Xכ N& w . 6 / = 4 א Oא%x PS @כ+ א ,& א 91 8% א Rא?: (א? ' א? 4/ $א(+< . 7 א y א r0 א א ) א5א ,א א 91 *אD ,( BF . 8 ) כA 4/ א' %1 א ,F% א א%<2א 91 8% א Rא?: 1א%5א & א א ( 9 . א , א # א e% א א א א 8+כ tא ?א X: e% 8%%( z+M א%<2א 91 א @%' @(Q' 4+ א Xא% א
+M = +jכ/ > k&' 4 א א ,F% א F3א א א =כ א e% 'א+2א ) Xכ X/ / $EכA א ,L n2- א % =1 א / ? א א א / TA א א ( 10 .
,j 2א% א ,G& א 9 : א5א 8*% +' Uא% / B& כ " ,כ א 0; א nאQכא +כ א א n23א 4אכPא +כ א B&' 1א ,&' א $אא Pא א 9 : א 2Pא { & א 91 0; א *א א @כ+ א ,& א B0; א ... ,F% א א Uא% / = # *א: < א 8א& א $Pא + א O + ^< = ,אכ' +; א +כ א : PS א&' א 0?א( אכ א אA א , # כ Xכ א $אא א @ א23א ,כ k012א %D # O+f א Pא >א% / = Xאכ # א e% א ;< א א א % > , א א 91 + א @?א א 9V; P N& Xcא ,כA א א @?א א%( א @?א א , P X/ #4א א @?א א XאL3א = +jכ @V א ? = gQ א ?%' = + א א > כA' א > א : =1 I? 4 א $אכQ א 4*+' $א% א fאA 2% n+Q' א = ? א +_ DEF3א .. |ES5א 8*א0 א 1%Q א # . LES: כ+L 8+F3א $אQ א $% f % + א ?3א ` א + א % א " +JאK א " א א א ( א $א*א?Pא F 91
n+Q א # א אM3א א ? G& א $א?א&Pא IJא? ^Y א $א%< א אA?א א;0 א ^ א #2% א ... K P 4 א % א א *+ } ~ א +G א $א%Q 0כא ?3א 6 GD א א?/ 9 : >( א 'א(+< $אQ ?%' . ` + ' א 4+ א |ES5א $אכ+& א $א א = @?א( 91 / $EF% א 91 Kכ+ #JK א Q' XאL3א Pא X * א ?3א ^ א002 א ?/ %' א 8+jכ א ,א א א כ " (+ #Rא*3א 91 +fbכ $א(+< א ^Y DE1 א Xכ' X/ =כ / א $אQ2b א 9 : +'0כ א אF*: / 2% א 3א +; |ES5א #g+F/ א ' א א%02א ... IJא? א 1 `<' JK( L #JK( $*א? א 4+ א |ES5א ;< >' Rא+0< א %L/ > : אf/ א
א א01א $א?אj א X*3א א ) +;' =Q& kאD א א א % א / = א *א%1: I א א 2% א 3א $א+A א /% 4+ א א א? א ,Jא2 א @ א23א Uא+f5א 8א*5א 0(3א $אV א 91 Kכ+ א # #? +כ 5א א + א *אGDא $א א 8א*: Iא+ n2א& א אF*: Ej $א(+< א ' RאQ א א א א 0LאG $א%% א 6 X/ +_ +V א |א? XאY א $אא0Fא 91 0; א Rא*- .... RאQ א $א;< *אכ' 4+ א |ES5א $א;F ) B0;' ... 91 א Kכ+' >1 ^<' א ?/ P: =1%0 א 8-אכ )A' =+G א 02א& ( 11 .
D +א )Y<' ,כA 4+ א א א +Sא1 %L-כ I א ,Jא2 א BJא+; א g& א Uא% 3א $א?כ 8%1 = Xכ' א1
א Uא% >&' > Jאa 6G *א?א T& +Fא 90 #
8*A א + א . BJא+; א X: ) I א $א?כ g%L: ( א 1 א אL א U+ א 4/ ;< א / a א +כ א 91 ' א " ;< א א א L'approche linéaire " Q- א כ ? @02 = א DE1 %%&' 6S T
*א0' DE1 א T+' א DE א X/ 9 ^Jאa א *א0' . א א G ,כA $א1 א @'+ כ' א א ;< א " Matrice "
= T+' א DE א 0M *%&' H 4*1 / / ;F 9& $א" ,כ
,כA א +?/ #>0D 4 א > 4 א O א O ) 2 ( א א : א א $א?כ אG' /%0 א e ) א ' 0Q Uא% - /%0'
0LאG א ;A?3א g& א ,j' $א1 א nE; א ,j' $EF% א ? (א+ א V א 9Q א א % '- >Q% ,GL א א pא
א IJא? > '-' א R א Q&' . = t" א א >LE? א X: %' $אא א א = 1אG א א1 Q א tא?5א $א * w%& tא?5א Z;F EF !! = 1אG א $א(אL ) Rא %( א א א X/ 9 )?אG א $א*אD א1 9 : nE; א *א%1: NL " % א " 9 : (+<' %
א& אS % ;< א א א X: #8* %& 8*%& $אא Uא אQכ: א2/ %אK' א $PאG'Pא +G1 ( 12 א א +;2 % %D #=אכ =?+D =1 %K א 91 ;< א א א Q?+ א UQ א > g*א? " $אכ* " א& כא ?s +01א +A1 )אQ א X+ א ,כ < $EכA $c+ 9L +כ א א 91 א א 9Y א1 o' = >0LאS א א +G1 $K א $EכA א א $Pא א א2 א $א1א%' = #א " ? א % א 8* ) z *א א א RE1: 8+23א =1 א% *+ א +L = א%K # א z ' E א L + א א z א $א+A א א+F/ #tא?Pא אH z כE 2Pא אH #) א & א $א+A א ( 13 0S/ א # א kG' 8+VS ?כ +D א א אj א $אאQ א אY/ א kG' אכ $א א = א+V א $אאQ א =G&' אj א + א $אQ2b א * )(א+' #1א(Pא *אGDPא M א DEF3א א א(3א . Y א א%0 א ;? X/ =+ א ` g+ א *אL3א 8+ א =1 < א + א א |ES: א $א%&' 8א& א Tfא )( א T;< א +כ א 91 k . k אc א א א
I א $א?כ ) * %& ,כA ,א' #*אL3א 8+ א אG' א א01Pא F3א X * 8%L 91 ,כ א א' = Jא א $אDE 6 %G א >?/ g+ ,QQ א ;< א +כ א 91 Kכ'+ אcא א' #$א?כ א #,0Q א+A2Pא 8+ א ^/ א #$א א א 4% א %L א א # א $א;< א / א א = אH 1 ,כA 9;< א א א Xכ א% 91 +Q א א 1א0': א1 @ #א כA ,L =1 אj& א ) = Zא0'Pא א א &;Q א Y א ;Q0 א א Lא+ א א / $א;< א 6 Rא;1 F/ Zא0'א +H-' +H-' Zא0'א g+F3א ( 14 $Rא( א ,אכ א nאV # +Sא 3א ככ .
JK א >'+ א' א א א B0;' $א0' = $Rא( ככ א אJK( + א א א ' ?cא +_ ;א+ +_ א >א% / > / _ ?א%( א א א , ' 4א א א א . כ+L 1+Qכ 8+jכ Uא+M/ = א+ א kD א + א א n"א' ^ r0 א ,כאA % א א )Dא wא%L3א א +F gQ $אא+&?Pא < א ,כאA א א @?א א Pא ^ ... א T2 0 א; א Q ? א א %' $אG א $א%& א = ,Jא א Y< א @G א כאA' $א%& א Uא+M/ Tא+ #@ א2/ = א 02א א א (א[ א ,כ |ES: 1 = א'א 8א?א @02 =1 אj& א": #8%L 91 #א ,אכ א Xא% א +Sא1 Tא+' %1 =כ 6%? א א I א $א?כ = *( א ככ א ) א א 91 אj / $א?כ א 6 +Sא1 = א& א ) P ;F +; 8% א Uא% 3א < א א 0?א( = ,אכ א Tא+ א א + " א א #?א%( א #+ א " $אDE א א + ' P #;F +; , @?א א 6 = @?א( ,כ 8%L 91 @?א( ,כ ,Fא* / @?א א 6 = @?א( ,כ = *א0 א . X/ אכ א &' n; א Uא% 3א = 8 כא I א א g& = I 4/ =
Uא א #;א+ א +_ $א1 א = 1 = Xכ א א0 א_ 4 א א Y ) _א' P א 8/K א ... Uא% 3א = ,כ = +Fs אG ?א %( אכ XאL3א ' א א @ א2/ ;A?3א BJא+; א g& א G&' g% pא כ g% א Pא = +jכ/ BJא& E א ,
`0 א א Y0 א ;+' א *א0 א $אDE א v 91 '%D g% / BJא& א א?% א $אQ א pא ' א+ א א @ א2/ X/ 4/ " #+כ א B0; א # א " אכ א א $אQ א pאD , ' #@כ+ א #,& א " א Uא% 3א XאL3א , V' א ?/ אכ # ( 15 . 1 Kכ+' 9 א א g+F3א $Pא א = 6א%1 א , ' + א א א +H-' #@?א א 6 E א =כ' ^ >1 I ?א%( א T + א @?א א G<f P N& ^Y א = ?א +Fא 4 א @ אV א א?% א + א $אQ א > ,G& א c א . א : g*/ אכ
g+F3א + א $אQ א " :
א #@כ+ א #,& א "
א ,( 9 :
XאY Xא&Pא א א+2א א L $א א 8+כא א AL 91 +G |א א . 4 א ?א%( א @?א א , / @?א א א א Pא ,כ א א_ E א g% א5א א $א*א א $א א'Pא א %%&' 9 : U% # 6אאK 9 : Oא2Pא / >1 8Rא+ א *+ B+M =1 >' =כ P @?א א א E א א/ 8*% א + א r ' = % P , $Pא ?Pא =כ' #>2א א #> XQ& > Xb >?0& א > L 02א א ^Mא א " 8%א& א *& 9 ;G ) :" ? א?/ כQ א Uא+&?א X/ =b? אכ א":
&G' 9 : אL 4*b +כ א &G' X- =b? P א?u +כ א Uא+&?P +jכ #כQ א %1א א =1 X < א+' כ " ) kD א D X pא א = +3א א?: כQ א R2 א =QL = א + אcE' g+? P א?: #X +F- & א Xכ% א%1 כ2 X&&G ,D +_ ` כא אLא +/ . X: א Xכ X/ 91 =' א Rא(3א r0' + א P >כ א2 כQ
+ א א * 9 : tא&' +A0 א e א Xu כ " ) כ " 91 pא א ,& 8*% @ א Jא* א כ אL kQ s kQ >( א א+2א Xא+Q >(' +' 9 : (א& #$א א'Pא 8*% @ א; א ( 16 . כ " = ' א + א X/ g+? ?א%( א @?א א א א , ' #א %L $א א ( א Dא; א )א , ' ' X * ' 9 : XאL3א 4*b' +' Rא א B< א =כ' +H3א +' כ Xכ' #*+ א כQ א Jא3 אכ א G<A א . 2 =0 D% א S א 6 EF = * ^ @0 Rא*/ tא א G כ& א ,0Q א א(/ *א%1: + א $אQ2b א א +; 8*A א + א Uא% 3א B& + א > Jאa .
א א
P %' P < א $אא+&?Pא &G א א כאA א א * = +jכ > ?א' א' =F% א #9G&' אכQ א 9 : $א%< א $א+כQ א $ rMא< א >?א ^< nא 5א g א Oא0'א "+ א ^Dא א ... I'א? P: א א ככ א א א א א 'c+/ . א " z א :" ' Q%' BJא+M א א G א 9 : $אכQ א 6 gK %' א א א ' א כ א >Q( ) ,א א #א;F א*א%1: @ א; א .... #ED ' א+jכ p%' +' ? ? 6%? א א = Xאכ 4/ א 5א[ [
8+SאD ? – XאL3א – 8+SאD ? # א?% א * %& א c א' =1 %' +כ א >(' =1 U+& ;F +כ ,א' Pא(/ t+<' ? #כQ א , א ?אM / $א ) '. X?א = א = א(/ I+<' א& א א א א $אc+ = א א 9 : * @0Q א #+ א @?א א 4/ ' @?א( GD = A?3א nאQL 91 4+ א @?א א 91 Kכ+' = א g*/ א א ; $א א אQ א $א א = T+ א א א +כ ' 91 '%D %1 9 : 8%%( ^Dא 6' א B0;' 91 8% א %1 9 : א5א #8%% א 'אL . Xu g+F3א א @?א( 0 6+H-' 6+H-' @?א א א Zא0'א כ& ?א א 91 6+H/ א א nא א Tא+' %1 א&א Xכ 4א א @ א א = +jכ/ א אY Xכ' %D s z+; g+' . 4 א , א +H3א , ?א%( א @?א א 9 : א1" > אDא 4 א 4א א + א Xא0?א א > F א א = n + א +ככ 'אכ2 >Q? 4 א #א כ ,כA א ) 3 ( $א2א א < א א @?א( G א =0 א א א& א א .
א $א%& א 6 (א א א + א 8*א1: KQ א א 91 8*אD א א ,( 91 , א # א =3א *% ' 6 (
א |EQ XאQ?5א Q' EF = כ " # א א $א%& א $EכA א ,כ א " ? > ,& 2א 4 א kD א א # א +כ א * K א = 8*א 2Pא + = 6+' א $א%&' = >+ ' א #א 'א' א 'א1א%' א' Qא ,a כ " ,כ #=+Fא nא' א Xאכ P א א ,0D P Q +G1 אA א 8* א / '-' H = =&(א א = K , (א ' א אA א 8* א B+M =1 K א B& 4 + ,F%כ א ) % א < א , א $Pא $א =א א * ( _א' +אY' =Q& א U% *אGDא כ $א%< א ,Y/ % #Rא* +Q א
Rא*3א $Pא אכ 8* א 8א*: B&' N& *א ,Y/ א%<2א ( 17 . e% א א - כ/ א א א X/ =jLא0 א = +jכ g+ 8א& א ^Dא ^< 4%G ) א *+ א , -' א ) ,F% א 8*% א 'א& א ^Dא א א כא*5א 8+G0 א v+ א > ,אכ' 4 א >( ,כ/ 91 ( 18 91 Rא2 I א א Rא 2% א ,F% א % # 8* א 9 : 9Q' א 8+Sא א ,Fא% א = א א / א א א gQ 6א& T e #אA א , א +כ א $א1 , >' >Q%'
'א& א ^Dא אA א >'+? א +כ א SאF א ' 91 #אכ א א S )
א ;+' א $א+0< א ' 9' א + ( א
Uא% / B& ,ככ ,' *א0' כ0f $אDE1 `0 א א Y0 Y' $א1 א / א א = 6+_ O / = $אDE א אכ א g+F3א ( 19 ,כA א ,j # ) 4 ( א @?א( א א .
# א א 8%%( א @; א +;' X/ א =0 א א . א א א %L $+ a %D #% א j + א א א 8+ 3 א1 +G 1997 =1 $K' # א א א U+ א / e% א ;< א א ,אכ % א 8*% א 'א& א ^Dא א א כא*5א 8+G0 א v+ א . pא2/ 91 ' " Jא0 א + א Constructivisme " א א א + 1 / א + א א @?א( )( ;' . א gQ 91 Rא2 I א א Rא 2% א א א %' e #אA א 8* א 9 : 9Q' א 8+Sא א $אא א = א א / א א , >' >Q%' 6א& T א ' 91 , א +כ א $א1 #אכ א א S 'א& א ^Dא אA א >'+ א +כ א SאF = $אDE א אכ %%&' `0 א א Y0 א $א+0< >; >' ,ככ ,' N& g+F3א $א1 א / א א = 6+_ O / & Uא% / B .
5$ %1 : 1 11 1 כ00 א + ) 1978 1978 1978 1978 :( א * #=E א א* #+1 4Kכ?א pאD # : 637 637637 637 . 2 22 2 z א ) 2002 2002 2002 2002 :( Z #,0Q א +א& א $א%&' א # +Fא >( א 1 11 1 # 1א0; 4++& א א* . 3 33 3 *א א %01 %Q א א %01 ) 2003 2003 2003 2003 :( (א QJ @; א *א%1: א # א e% א א ,F% א L N אj א + א +'b א #8*% א $א%& א 5 55 5 _ 6 66 6 #8+ א א ef =1 א( # א e%' +;' Kכ+ #,+/ : 331 331331 331 . 4 44 4 z א ) 2005 2005 2005 2005 :( א (א א ,F% א $א0;' 8+א& א $א%& 0Q א " L eא< א + א +'b א #Rא*3א אA א 8* v # א e% א א ,F% א 16 16 16 16 17 1717 17 א( # א e%' +;' Kכ+ #,+/ #8+ א א ef =1 : 20 20 20 20 . 5 55 5 +G? 1 %& ) 2004 20042004 2004 :( א e% א א ,F% א ,Fא% א = >D # א e% א א ,F% א L )א+ א + א +'b א #g+F3א 3 3 3 3 4 44 4 #,+/ #8+ א א ef =1 א( # א e%' +;' Kכ+ : 338 338338 338 . 6 66 6 z א ) 2002 2002 2002 2002 :( #Bא2 )(+ : 61 6161 61 .. 7 77 7 8%אL *& 9 ;G ) 2003 2003 2003 2003 :( 5א +' Xs+ א I +'b א # v XאQ? # א e% א א ,F% א L N אj א + א 5 5 5 5 _ 6 6 6 6 +;' Kכ+ #,+/ #8+ א א ef =1 א( # א e%' : 85 85 85 85 . 8 88 8 *א א %01 %Q א א %01 ) 2003 2003 2003 2003 :( #Bא2 )(+ : 332 332 332 332 # 333 333 333 333 .. 9 99 9 z א ) 2002 2002 2002 2002 :( #Bא2 )(+ : 64 6464 64 .. 1 1 1 10000 z א ) 2002 2002 2002 2002 :( #Bא2 )(+ : 54 54 54 54 .. 11 11 11 11 z א ) 2004 20042004 2004 :( +'b א # א ,F% א אM: 4+ א |ES5א RאQ א # א e% א א ,F% א L )א+ א + א 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 +;' Kכ+ #,+/ # 8+ א א ef =1 א( # א e%' : 52 52 52 52 .. 12 12 12 12 %01 ) 2003 2003 2003 2003 :( א ,F% א L N אj א + א +'b א #I א א Rא0 8+Sא ,Fא% # א e% א 5 55 5 _ 6 6 6 6 #8+ א א ef =1 א( # א e%' +;' Kכ+ #,+/ : 125 125125 125 . 13 13 13 13 z א ) 2002 2002 2002 2002 :( #Bא2 )(+ : 128 128 128 128 .. 14 14 14 14 Dא א ,אכ %& ) 2001 20012001 2001 :( א א א ,F% א L 3א + א +'b א # # # א e% א 11 11 11 11 _ 18 18 18 18 #8+ א א ef =1 א( # א e%' +;' Kכ+ #,+/ 28 2828 28 . 15 15 15 15 0G א %01 9 z א ) 2001 20012001 2001 :( + א $א%& א (א א ,F% א א* #0Q א 8+Sא א #+G 8+ א א Uא א 19 19 19 19 . 16 16 16 16 8%אL *& 9 ;G ) 2003 2003 2003 2003 :( #Bא2 )(+ : 111 111 111 111 ..
17 17 17 17 z א ) 2002 2002 2002 2002 :( #Bא2 )(+ : 20 20 20 20 .. 18 18 18 18 8% א< א %& ) 2003 2003 2003 2003 :( N אj א + א +'b א #א Q%' BJא+M + א Rא0 א # א e% א א ,F% א L 5 5 5 5 _ 6 66 6 # א e%' +;' Kכ+ #,+/ #8+ א א ef =1 א( 301 301 301 301 . 19 19 19 19 0G א %01 9 z א %& %Q א 8Kא ) 2005 2005 2005 2005 :( א e% א א 3א ^G א E' g% אכ א 8Rא+ א $אא ' א eא< א + א +'b א #Jא% א ,F% א L # א e% א 16 1616 16 _ 17 1717 17 # א e%' +;' Kכ+ #,+/ #8+ א א ef =1 א( 373 373 373 373 .
