Multiple Contour Finding and Perceptual Grouping using Minimal Paths
24
0
0
Texte intégral
(2) ! "$#" % &' )(*$ + ,-
(3) ./ 011 23+ 4257698;:=<?>@BADCFEHG9:I< ? J K % L K O M Q N R P T K ? S O M U L ? J Q V " L W. X
(4) Y ; Z ] [ 9 \ H S I ^ a _ c ` e b g d g f i _ k h " b j $ l c m g d n _ Q f q o ) p R P s m c r k t = u n _ v ^ b \ bwlxZ{Z
(5) wym{g|z|b~[{[}vr;Y M[m
(6) dbXzg0umcw?m
(7) }=&b"7Z;mZchggha|db~[{[}=b ;Y kmc[fgYfg_; ]2^;K$\xX YmcX{_nwX Y z|l$
(8) m
(9) uvdgbe_f ^7DJxz b|be}Idbbe&;m{c}=\vbc= }sdemsmc^krctkz bu=_n^vb
(10) yd H57<$6578cU7 D7¡7¡¢ £¤E)5¦¥9¥Q:=578§¨<U7EH68{<57©~E¦ª«¬5>]G9:I®)5¦>{§¨¯=57©"° ®57±H§q<9±²57<9³1´§qµ{§qEH<R D7¡7¡¢HA ¶·H¸|¹|º
(11) »k¼{¹ ÐÃÄIÆ{Í=¾O½ÂgÀIÎÀs¿c¾D¾ÃeÁR¿{¿ÀIÃÀsÎnÄ=ÂÁ¾ ¾|¿ÂgÅIÂ$ÁÂgÆ;þÄ=ÃÓÇ=¾DÈn¾|Æ;ÅIÉÕË~ÁÅÆ;ÆcÇ=Æ;ËÎÈnÍؾ|ÅÉÊþÂÁÆ;Ð|ÎnÍÙ¾|ËÅIÌ=ÃÃÍkÑ=ÄIÀs¾O¿;ÎÈ?ÍIÎnÏcÏ~ÉÓÁ¿RÆ{¿;Ï;Ñ=Âg¾{ÅI¾ÔÛÃÎnÍ=Æ;ÏOÚÜËÐ|¿cÍ=Æ;Ík;À×ÝÃÆ;Ð|ÑIÆ;ÉÁ;ÃÐ|ÃÆ;ÑIÄIÑIÁÆÁ~Ò{ÀÞ¾|ÐÂ$Æ{ÃÎÉÆ&ÍÓÅ=Ìk¿cÈnÍÍ=¾ÃÀ'ÎnÎnÉÓÆ;Ð|ͦ¿;Æ;ÖvÏ;É×D¾{Å=Ô?Ä=Èn½¾¾Áþ¾¾ ÐÇ=ÑI¿;ÁÂgÒ]¾ ¾|ÀOÂ~Æ;ËyÍâÁÆ{¿ÉßÅI¿OÁ¾|ÒÂg¾ÎnÆ{ÃÑIÆcÂ%ËD×Ð|Æ;Æ{ÁÍØãÃÆ{Æ{ÑsÍOÁÂ0ÌkÍ=ÆcÁ0ÀIÎn¾ Í=ÀsÏ0Ï{Ð|¾ÓÆ{ÅÍØÃÆ{Æ{ÎnÍØÑsÃÁÂ0ÂRÎn¿c¤ÂQÅIÉÁ¾|ÎnÍ=Âg¾ÎnÉÓÍÿc¾|ȦÀÅ=Ô&¿cà"ÃÄ=ÑsÂ%ÁÇ¿c¾Å=Ãq×9ÅIÁ¾|Æ{¾|¿;ÍOÐeÄáÃq×9ÎnÆ Â Ì=½¾ÍkÍk¾"À ÀÑIÅÃÂgÄIÆ;¾QÎn¾2ÍÃÃÅkÄ=Â?¿;¾ ÑIÎÁfeÂgÂ%m]ÎnÍ=}=Æ;Ï"}ØËxwëÃÅbÄIÆ{t7¾9ÎnÍØcËiÃ_n¿;^ÂQÂähaÃxÃf Ä=ÉÓÆ;¿cË7¿
(12) ÃQÁÃÐÄkÄ=ÄI¿ ¾"ÎÒ]ÍIɾRÏRÎnÃÍI¿cÆÓÈÎÏ;ÉÓÇÆ;¾2¿cÁÎÈvÃÈnο;Ä=ÍIÐÉÝã]þ ÎnÆ;Àå æcÍFça¿cÔxÉÓÍkè"ÀF¿;ÎnÅÒ]ÃÔ$Ä=¾|;~ì9Ä=¿"Å=¾"¿cÂgþÅkÄIÃx¿cÂ%Æ;ÃÃÄIËÄ=Âã{¿c¾¿cÃxé¤Áêä¾"ÅÆ{Æ{Æ{ÎnÍÎnÇIÍØÃeÃÿcÄ=Â|ÎnÖ{Í=¾×9ÉO¾ À ¾ Ô ÇØéÓÇ=ïqÍÛ¿;Ðeãs¿ÅsÂgÁ¾|Æ{Ð|Å=Æ;¿;ÍkÏ]ÀÛ¿
(13) ÃÅkÎnÆ{¿
(14) ÍOÁgà ËëÖDÁÆ;×9Éí¾âÃÅIÄ=Á¾ Æ;Åfem{Æ{}=Âg¾}Øwîb%¿t7Âg
(15) ÐÄI_^¾|haÉf ¾OÃÆÃÄkÇ¿
(16) ÆcÃOÃÄFÀsÅÆØÆ;¾|ÂFÎÍØÃÍIÂDÆ;ÃÆ;Ë$Í=¾|¾|¿;¾ ÐeÀÙÄOã]Åk¾¿céÙÎnÁ Ô ÅÆ{ÎnÍØàËëÂgÆ;¾Á~Ã0ÎnÆcÍIËRÎnÿ;οcÀIÈÉÎnð În¿
(17) ÂgÃÂgÎnÎnÆ{Ç=ͦÈn¾Ô0ÅÚÊÆ;ÎnÂg;ÃÃ~Â|ÔÆ;ËÚ9ã]à ¾éOÃÄIžÓÆ{ÎnÂÍØ¿;ÃÉÂR¾ÓÎnÂ~ÿ;ÎÉÑsþ;Æ{Ö$ÉÓ¿{¿cÀ=ÃÎnÀsÐ Èn¿c¾Èn é&ÅÆ;Âgξ|ÍØÈnþ| ÐÃǾ Àâ¾Ã¨×ËyÁ¾|Æ{¾|ÉñÍá¿ÓÅk¿cÈοcÁÁÂÏ;¾Æ;Á Ë ã{ɾÎnéÍIÎÅÉÓÆ{¿cÎnÍØÈ9ÃÅkÂ2¿
(18) ¿cÃÁÄ=¾Â¾Çòs¾ÃgèÁe×9¿cоþ|¾ ÍÙÀvÔÂg¾ó"ȾоÃòs¾ à ÀÞÖÅ=Åk¿c¿;ÃÎÄ=ÁÂÂ2¿
(19) ÆcÁËR¾ÅÀsÆ{ÁeÎnÍØ¿|×DÃÂ|ÍÔÙÆ{ì9ÍÄ=þÄIÂg¾0¾ÃÓÎnÉÓÆ;¿;ËQÏ;ɾÎn¿;Í=Í=ÎnÉÓÀ¿;Ï;ÈÎÒ{Å=¾0¿cÃÃÄ=Ä=¾Â ÃÐÎnÉÓÄIÆ{ɾF¿cÏ{Å=Ð ¾|¿cÈnÂD¾ÅkÃÆ;¿c¾ËHÇ=ÂQÎnÂgÃÈ ¾ÎnÄ=ÃqÃéô¾ ÂDÆ;ÎnÆcÍ=Ë$Ë~Îþ Æ{ÎÀs¿;ÑsÏ{È$Á¾~Âg¾¿;ÅÃ~Å=Æ{ÅsÎnÆcÍØÁË9ÃÆ]ÂDÐ|¿cÆ;ÐÆ;ÍÄ'Ë?ÃÂgÆ;ÃÄ=ÑIÆ¿;ÁÅÂ~Ð|Èn¾|¿cÆ{ÂÍkÂg¾â×DÀ&ÎÐ|ÿ;Æ;ÄOÈnÍØÆ ÉÃ×DÆ{ÎnÑIÂ2ÂgÂgÁÃÎnÂÍ=ÆÏ×DÐ|ÈnÎÐÃÆ{Æ{ÄôÂgÍؾ þÆ{Ãò=Ä=Ñs¿c¾|ÁÉÂ|ÉOÔ Å=ÔRÈn¾|½Â¾ Æ;ÍôÎnÈ nÒ;Ñ=¿cÂäÃgÁÁeÎnÆ{¿
(20) ÑIþ ɾÍ=În¾ÍIÁõ ÎÏcÉÓéö÷;¿cÉøÈù;Å=ÎnÍIúä¿cû;ÎÃÉüÄIýÝÂ|Înð Öx¿
(21) þHËîÿ;¾ÎnÆ{ÂäÁÃͦÐ|¾|Ô ÉÓÅIÿ
(22) Ñ=Á¿;ÐÄIÈÎnÏ;Í=ÁÏIÆ;Ö$Ñ=Å=Èn¾|ÎnÒ{ÍI¾|ÏIÈ9ÖkÂg¾¿cÃÈnÂ|ξÖxÍ×9ÃQ¾|Ð|ÎnÑsÏ;ÁÄÒ]þ~¾|À'ÀI¾ÀsÃÎn¾|ÂäÐÃeÿ;ÎnÍ=Æ{Ð;{ÖÖ$¿;Áо|ÃÐ|ÎÒ{Æ{¾~ÍIÂäÐ|ÃgÆ{ÁÍØÑ=ÃÐÆ{ÃÑsÎnÆ;ÁͦÂ|ÖÖ. ÿ
(23) :Ê578{: §q<?>]:=8;:=µc>]:=³ §q<ñ¥Q:I8{¯=:I¥>]6957©O±H8;EH69¥9§q<9±Ý57<9³<³9§¨<9±Ý5íµ;:I>²E7ª&¯I6987:=µ §¨§¨<*<?>{8{57Ex< ³969§q®)¯I>{57§¨EH±7<": 7â57¯s§q>]>{§ G H:O>]G9¯IEH:Ý<?69>]EHµ;69:Ü8;µ E¦ªô i¢:I¡!<9G:=8;5"±7H :$®#%:=§q:=<9<Û§¨® :&%x§I>]§¨:=<9<±Ýµ{§'¯I769:=©8ô7:=69µ=µ;A :=³Û >]§qE(<9¯=:í<9³B>{G9>]:=G§q:8 ¯=° <'E7<$EH>{8{EH³969:I8 8RE7>]E&ª57±H<ô:I>¤)E 5#+*;µ;:=:I¯s>¤>E7§qª<ô¯=57EH<Ù<?>]§¨E7®69578{µ¤±H:E7ª>]G³98{'§ ,QEH69:=8;±7:=GÙ<?>]>2G)E :F#+®*;:I¯I§¨<9>]µI§q®! '§ k:5¦<>{§¨:=EH:=<³'E7®ªD5757<Ù<?Þ:=<957:I¯I8{>{±7'§ 77: A ¯=57E7©q©¨<$1E >{FEH:I69³ß8;µF¯Ø>]G9E-57<9#%±H::I§qµ <9§q§¨>{<§ä57>]©q§EH=¥%:IEH³Û©¨E7EH±7<)H>{AßG9:°|> §¨®:=<95725±H#9:¦©¨A0:I£µ G9>{:EÕ©¨±H:.7:s>):=©Q®ôµ{:I69>{©qµ>{§¨¥¥957©q:18{57¯=³9EH§¨±7<?®/>]E769 a¢8{3µ Q#$¢0 µâ;>]G957:I8;>{<¬§¨<9>]4± G9:Iâ8{§:Ù>]G578{5Þ:'µ;±?§¨<957¥±7©¨µ:§qEH<Ê<9>{:¦G96A :ô5³91E 5¦>Ø5².: 7µ{:=§q8=<9 ¯=>]:ÞG9>]:IG9µ{:&:'³9¯=EÙE7<$<>{E7EH>698&±H'§ ®)7:&5kµ{15¦¥>]§q8{µ;EHªgx¥§¨5¦<±?±'5¦>]8;:':=µ;§¨69<?©q>{>{E µ 5ÞG9EH©¨:&57<³>]G:=<)µ;¥9©¨§>>]E'®)5¦<$²¯I698 7:=7µ âG9:=8;:EH<9©ÛEH<9:â¯IEH<?>]EH698§¨µÓ³9:Iµ{§q8{:=³"A 8.
(24)
(25) !"#%$&
(26) ')(*
(27) + ,+-/.0*) 1 323465 7859:
(28) '#2<;=" -?>!@=A=2B@DC-C=E. GHI-J KML -8 N,OP QRS T L)U0VWHXBYZV RS T LZ[\L]YZV-X-[\V J K'U. £E7ª%G9§¨§q<µ¯=§¨EHµO® >]G¥9:'©¨:s>]¥:8{E)¯=#9EH©q<?:=>]® E769:=8{<9µ¯I§qEHµ69±H<?§'7>]:=:I<R8{:=A_³ ^âEH8§q>{: GT%57¥%® :=8;¥9¯=©q:I:7¥ H>]§q6<Û5¦5©~±H#98{§¨<9EH6578;¥9Ù§¨<9§¨±-®â57±HG::=8{©¨§:'`¦:F5Û>]µ{G:s:> EH¥%<9EH:I§¨<?µ>]§qµI< "9G$69±H69®8{57:'< ¢ x⧨µ;§q>]§¨EHG<í5Ù¯=³578]< "5 â:k5¦§¨<9µ{§¨±'© E7ªR95'©¨©¤µ;§¨G<¬57>{¥%G9: :Bâ® §>]§¨G µ{µ;G9§¨<9EH± ©¨:I#QµFEH5¦6<9<9³³µ;57¥98;69§¨:=8;µI§¨EH "698;:=µ® :=³E ±H7:: >]EHG©q³ :¥9µ;¥98{2E69#98{§q©¨EH:I69® µ§qEH< <9:=¯=µEH® 57<9¥9³6>{ª:=EH8 8{® x§qµ{¯I§¨EHE7® <RA¥9°|©¨:s>>]G:&5¦¯=$µ 69#Q8 H:I:=:=µI<TAb57a ¥9:=¥98;¯=8;E?:I¥57¯Ø>]6G9:I5¦³Ê©"±H®8;EHEH698;¥9:§q8;<9:=±Ù¯=:I§qµ<?>]57©q< â§q>{G :=<9:I8{±7 ®:s>]G9Ex³9µ i¢ c8 µ]® 5¦:I©¨§¨>]:IG<9E¯I³9)µIE7 Oª>]G95Û:¬¯I69³98.: 7:Ù<¯I§q>]EH§q®EH< ¥%EHE¦ <9ªÞ:Idµ]<? 57>©q ¢ §¨E7:=e 8O<A ¯IªEH8⣮:kG957:=:=¯Ø57µ;GT:ݵ{6¥Q®8{E7:í:s§¨<?>]§qG9µ>âExE7#³9ª¤57µ >]µ;G9:=³ :Þ<³§¨§q®<9³95ñ57§¨±H8;¯I:¦:=8{A¯s§q>]>{° ©q:=<T 8;§ä>{5ÜE7G9< :=ªE7µ;5:8 µ>]{:IG¯=:EH¥Q<E7³ §¨<?E7>k8{A6³9:I5&80E18{F:I±H: 69H:=©¨578I8{ 9'§ >]kG95¦:>{§¨EH9<Þ<57µ{©%<9¯=<5 69`78: Hf ©¨:=g§ µ&`7:O57:I8;:<9:=E)8;#±7>]i 57§¨h < i¢:=!¡ ³ j¤±HE7:I<9ª%:=58{¥957©¨5¦©>]²GB§¨<1¯IEH5B<?>ص;57:=§q¯I<9EH§¨<9<³± µ;µ{>{§q®:=¥Ü§q©ä57578;µ§q> 8{ §¨³#%±H:I:ô> ©q§¨<9:=:=:I<ñµE7µ;ªÓ<<5>]G`¦:=:BµÛµ]5757©q<§¨:I³ <9µc¯I>]TEx¯Ø¯=G8;§q57>{µ;:=>{8{§¨§¨¯ 5)¯=5¦EHªg>{® :=8¥9©q>{:IG9>]§q8{EH:I<µ{G9E7:=©¨³9©q³ §q<9§q±9µÙA8;° :=< ¥%EH i¢8;>{k :=5³RA «57U<9E7³Þ>{§'¯I¦EH5¦®>{:=¥³
(29) ©¨:I#?>{§¨EH>]<G9¯=§qµ~EH<?8{:I>]©äE75¦69>{8{§¨EHµI! <4#%::I>5¦8{::=:I§¨<?<ô>{:=:=<8{:I:=µ;8{>{±¦:=Þ³'®§¨4< §q<9§¨<9® ³9§§qI<9§¨<9±â±5¯=µ{69:s8> HE¦:Iªµ ¯I©qEH§`7®:¥µ;©¨<:I5<>{`¦§¨EH:=< µ ¯=E7<$° >{<ÝEH69EH8;8{µ&³:=E78<¬>]57E1<ʵ;§qEH®)©'757:Û±7:á±H©¨57E2µȿÛ©0µ{® :I>§¨<E7§¨ª ® :=§<9k:I58{>]±7§¨E7 < ®ªEH§q<98᧨®µ{<§ 5BI`7§¨<9:=µI±' ¤¯=>{69G98 :²H:I57µ=6A >{G9EH8;µáE7ª l 69"5 Hµ;:=EH³ §q³>{©qG9E:U¯=57® ©9® §¨<§¨§¨<9®§q®)57©5 ¥9â5¦§q>]>]G9GµIEH 657>µ²³9§¨:=<?®>{8{57Ex<9³9³69§¨<9¯=:I±Þ³ >]Ex§q<EÞ®B i¢v69x¯Ø âG)¢HE7¢ <A 69£µ;:=G98:U§¨<9±7§>]E?§¨5757© ©¨'§ Fk5¦57>{µ §¨EH>{<RE âG9§q¯ØGÙ§qµ25&®57§¨<á³8]5" #57¯"`áE7ª¯=©¨57µ{µ;§¨¯Óµ{<95<`7:Iµ n!Anm<9©> FE&:=<³Ù¥%EH§¨<?>{µ :=8;: <9heµ;:I:=:=: ³9:I o³Rl jAÙ£57G<:Û³ <x-: 6p ®¯=§q:I:=8{<?§¨¯=>157©¤69µ;®§¨<9:s±Ü>]G9>]ExG9³ q: G^%575¦µµ;>>{G9«¬:Û57578{³ ¯Ø7G5¦§¨<$<9>]±ñ57±H5¦:B©¨±HE¦EHª 8;§q#%>{G9:=§q® <9± §¨<?¯IEH>{8{<9Exµ{³9§qµ;69>{¯=:=:I<?³ > §¨57< ¥9¥ i8{¢ E?l 57A¯ØG° >{< E >{G9<9§¨µÊ³ ¥5í57¥%µ;:I:=>Û8 E7ªâ:Õ¯I69¥98 8;7EH:=¥Qµ²E7³9µ{: 8{15 â5 < F5k#%*:I> >{Eß:=:I6<ßµ{: ¥%EH>{§¨G9<?§¨>{µÊµô® §¨< §¨<9>]§qG9®):15¦§q©®)¥575¦±7>{:7G A r µ²5 98{µ;>²µc>]:I¥R F5íµ;:I>²E7ª&:I<9³ ¥QEH§q<?>]µB§qµÛ57µ{µ;69® :=³ñ>]E #%:1±H'§ 7:=<RA :Ê57©¨µ;E §¨#%<?:â>{8{57Ex©¨µ;³9E 69¯=:F§q.: 5>]:=:I³¯ØG957<9µÓ§57s$<²69:O: %x>{>{G:=5¦<9>µ;57§¨EH6<²>]E7E7®)ª%>]5¦G9>{§¨:¯=57® ©¨©§¨ <§¨®<957³©$µ0¥>]5¦G9>]:FG²:=5¦<9¥9³Û¥9¥%8{EHEH57§¨<?¯Ø>{3G µ=A0#? £G<9§¨µ³9¯=§q<957<± 575 6µ{>{:sEH>Þ®E75¦ª]>]t9§q¯kuw57vÜ©q©qH:=< ³Ü#57¥%µ{:IEH³í§q<$>{EHµ=<UAá¯=° EH<Ý<9EHµc>]8;8;³969:=¯I8>{§¨>{EHE <íE¦<9ªÓ³Ý5)5 ® µ;§¨:I<9>Þ§q®)E7ª57®©Q:=EH<9µ;:I>8{±7µ]57T©q§¨±H:=©q<?)E >á#¯I57EH©2<?®>]EH576¥R8 ¯=z66u8yg|#H}6:Iµ~ §q<Bâ>]G9µ{:I:©¨:I§q®)¯I>]:I5¦³¬±H:75¦ ®FEH:â<³9±B8{15 >]G9: >]Gt9:uwv¬®:=§q<9<9³T§¨®¥Q57E7©$§¨¥<?>]5¦µI>{AG96µ #Q:s> F:I:=<¥57§¨8;µE7&ª xygz,t9u-{. F.
(30)
(31) !"#%$&
(32) ')(*
(33) + ,+-/.0*) 1 323465 7859:
(34) '#2<;=" -?>!@=A=2B@DC-C=E. §¨µ69° <íµ{69EH576©¨©8&: 57%9< 5¦®§¨®¥9©q57:=±HµI:Ê Q>]E7GªÞ:ô:I¥%³9E7±H>]:í:I<$¥%>{EH§ä57§¨<?©>{ µ>]>]G9E35¦#Q> :Ù8;®:=¥9§q8;<9:=§¨µ{® :I<?§I>U:=³Tµ;§¨® 57©¨¥9E7©¨<9:ʱ§q>{<9G9¯=:ôEH® ¯I69¥98©q7:I:=>]:µ µ{¥%G9E757>]¥Q:I<$:I>{µ=§äA57£© G975¦:Iµ{©¨69:â:I:=µ³±H5¦:©¨EH¥Q<9E7± §¨<?>{>]G9µ:Ê5¦:=8{:³9±H8{:I:Iµ)¥98{5¦:I<9µ{:I³ß<$>{G:=§¨³)±HG 57µ¦557©¨#969§q:I<µ 578;5¦Ù>Û§¨>]®G9:57±H#:757â¯"`$§q>{±HGÛ8;EHµ{69®<957³"©¨©A 69¯ØG5U¥%E7>]:I<$>{§ä57©¯=57< #%: E)#>Ø5¦§¨<9:I³ ª8{E7®!8{:k5¦©§q®)5¦±H:=µ4#?Ü:=³9±7:)³9:s>]:=¯s>]§qEH< heµ;:=:3 2 jAÓ£G9:Þ¥QE7>{:=<?>]§¨57©R¯IEH69©¨³T57©qµ{E #%:Þ³9:.<:=³í5¦µ:=³9±H:Iµ :=§q±HG?>]:I³#?1>]G: ¦57©¨6:'E¦ª >{G9:Ù±78]57³9§q:=<?>âEH8&57µ&5Ûª69<9¯I>{§¨EH<TE7ª057<T:=µ;>{§¨®5¦>]:ÞE7ª¤>]G:Ù±H8{57³9§q:=<?>âE7ª >]¯ØGG9:EHµ;§¨:=®<B57ª±H69:â<¯I§>]>]µ{§q:IEH©q<ôª
(35) G957µ¤ >{E #%h :
(36) µ;69¯Ø -GBjs $>]G9©¨g§ 5¦`7> :>{§¨G9<):F¯I¥%©ä57E7µ;>{µ{:=§q<?¯>]µ;§¨<57©?<5 `7§¨µ¤:I¥Qµ=AE7µ{° §q<)>{§'>]7G::=: µ{H::=¯k8c57µ;â:=G9µO:=>]8;G:7: 57<9³¬§q>G57µ>{E #Q:Ù³9:=¯I8{:=57µ{§q<9±1§¨<UEH8{³9:I8>{E G"5 H:Û:I³9±H:ô¥%EH§q<$>{µ57µ®§q<9§¨®5BE7ª >]G:'£¥%G9E7:Þ>{:=¥9<?8;>]E)§¨#957©¨©:IA®£µG:':'¥%E7µ{>{EH:=© H<?:Þ>]§¨57§¨< ©R¯=>{E7G969§¨µâ©¨³T¥5757¥%©qµ{:=E 8â#Q5¦:'8{:Þ5Û¥9±H8{8;:I:Iµ{1:I<$©q>{.: :=H³ :I©~5¦§¨µO®ª57EH±H©¨©q:áE â5¦µ&µ §q< l A «T§¨<9§q®)57©D¥5>]G #%:I> :=:=<Ê> E ¥%EH§q<$>{µ £G:áµ{EH©q6>]§qEH< ¥98;EH¥QE7µ{:=³1§q< ol R§qµ 8;.: x§¨: F:I³¬§q< :=¯s>]§¨E7<íA «T§¨<9§q®)57© ¥5¦>{G9µ #%:I> :=:I<ñ5ʱH'§ 7:=<ܵ{:I>ÙE7ªF¥57§¨8;µÞE7ªO¥%EH§¨<?>{µ'§qµÞ5Tµ;§¨® ¥9©¨: 5¦¥9¥9©¨§q¯k5¦>{§¨EH<)E7ª >{G9:Þ¥98{: x§¨EH69µâEH<:7A µ #%:I> :=:I< 5ݱH § H:=< µ{:I>)E7ª6<9µ;>{8{69¯s>]698;:=³ ¥%EH§¨<?>] µ : «T§¨<9§q®)57©F¥5¦>]G3 ¥#%8{:IEH> ¥%EH:=:Iµ{:'<U5->{G9F:=5®,1§q>{< E :=<9¯s³U>]§¨E7>{G9<¬:Þ¥A 57§q8{µE7ª ©¨§q<,`7:I³U<9:I§¨±HG#%EH8{µâ5¦<9³T>{G9:Þ¥5¦>{G9µ «T§¨<9§q®)57©~¥95¦>]G9µ #Q:s> F:I:=<Ü57<í69< `x<E â<ݵ;:I>áE7ªÓ¥%EH§q<$> m698®57§¨<T¯=EH9< f >{³8{8]'§ 5"#9â6§¨>]<9§qEH±1< E¦ªÓ¯IEH®<9¯I§q<9:=§¨8{®<µÊ57©~>{¥G9:Ý5¦>{G9576µ>{>]EHG9®5¦>á5¦>]©¨§q:=¯ 57³9µ<9³>{E1§¨<9¯=±ñEH® E7ª ¥9`¦©q:I:I>] :I³ ¥%¯=EH69§¨<?8 >{Hµ1:Iµô57<957µ³ ¥9>]8{G:: f µ;:=<?>]:I³¬§q< x:=¯I>{§¨EH< 9A ^0§q<57©¨©H x§¨ < :I¯I>]§qEH< l :'¯IEH<9¯I©¨69³94: â§>]GÊ¥QE7µ{µ{'§ #9©¨:á&: %x>]:=<µ{§¨E7<9µ=A . . ,.-0/. 4 . "!# %$'& )(* +&
(37) )!++ &. 1243658792;:'<0=8<0:?>8:. @A36BDCFEHGI<KJML?NO3M=PGQ3M>RBTS. :'{¥E-8{:=µ;<9:=³ <?>>]G§q<1:±H>]G9©¨E2§q#µ57µ{©%:=¯s®>]§q§qEH<9<T§¨®B>{6G9® : #E757ª~µ{>]§q¯áG9:Þ§¨³95¦:=¯I57>]µâ§ HE7:ª¤¯I>]EHG9<?:Þ>]EH® 6:I8O>]G:=<9E:I³T8{±7§¨<?)>]8;69Eµ{³§q<969±Û¯=:I® ³U§¨<§q< f "> §¨® ®E57³9©¤:I¥©¨µb5¦>{hµ{G9:=µ=: AÙ i£¢¡ G9j:²â:=<9G9:I:=8{8;±7:í§>2>{¯=E1EH®-®#§q<9§¨<9§¨® :Iµ¤§Iµ;®:Þ§¨ExµE7µ;>{§¨G9® §¨<9§¨©ä±5¦>]8&:=>{8;E1®¯=µ¤©ä575¦<µ{µ{³Ù§q¯k§q57®)© 57³9±7:I:0ªE7ª:k8{5¦®>{6952#98{:I©¨:µ 5¦>;>]8]5¦¯I>]§qEH< >]:I8{® h+a E7>{:=<?>]§¨57©R jU V hXW jXZYQ[I\H]_^Q UWa`?hXb3jQ dcKef] UWg` `?hhb jQ dcKei hXW hhb jj jlkb hc¢ j c âG9:I8{Z : W hhb j¤8;:=¥98;:=µ;:=<?>]µ5¯I698 7:O³98]"5 â<ÛEH<B5á7@ §q®)57±7:F57<n³ m§¨µ §q>]µ ³9EH®57§¨< E>]7§qªEH³9< : E7ªÞ<9§q>]>{G§¨EH: <"¯=A 69^8 EHH8: ¯=â©ä5¦G9µ{§¨µ{©q§q: ¯Ûâ57¯s§q>{>]G*'§ 7:Û5¯=±HEH:=<?EH>{® EH69:I8{>{µI8{8 §q¯íb²®®Ex5k³9 :I©#%o :ÛbÜ57<?§qµ) >]¥G57:Ý8{5757® 8{¯I:I©¨>]:=:I<8{±7'§ k>]GR35 f . ol.
(38)
(39) !"#%$&
(40) ')(*
(41) + ,+-/.0*) 1 323465 7859:
(42) '#2<;=" -?>!@=A=2B@DC-C=E. {8 :I©ä§¨5¦µÞ>{:=>]³ôG9:>{G9©¨§¨:Iµ¤<9¥9±78;>]E)G #9E7©¨:Iª® >]Gâ:)§q>]¯=GÙ68>]HG9: :8{57:=<9¯I³ :=<?m>]©ô §q<? n>]¡8{Ex ³9A69ʯI:=£³BG9¥9: 57578]576³>]G§¨±HEH® 8{µÙE7E7ªª >]G9 ol :OFG©q:.9751:=7©: f µ{±H:s:I>ÙE³9ªE7:I8{µ{®B§q¯Ê6957©¨5¦¯I>{>]'§§qHEH:)<RA²¯=EH° <?<Õ>]E7¥969578{8;µ>{§¨¯= i¢06A©äÜ578I£ ~§qG9>]:ʵ® 69:I©q>]:=G8'E:=³ñs$6§q<$5¦>{>{8{§¨ExEH³9<Ü69§¨¯IµÞ:=³ :=s$§¨69< § ¦ o57l ©¨§:I<$q®>Þ¥>{EU8{E1>]HG:I:µ :=<:=8{±¦ ® §¨<§¨® § k5>]§¨E7< #Q:I¯k576µ{:>{G9:)¥8{E)#9©q:=®!§qµ'>{8]57<9µcªEH8{® :=³Ü§¨<Õ5 F5kÜ>{E <9³í>{G9:B±H©qE)#57©2® §¨<9§q®B69®TA°|>5"HEH§q³9µ>]G:Bµ{EH©q6>]§qEH< #%:=§q<9± µc>]§¨¯"`¦:=³Ý§¨<¬©¨Ex¯k57© ®E7ª¤§¨<9>]G9§q®):Þ5¯IEHA0<?°|>]>EH8;69:=o8 ³96W²¯=AÓ:=µ&4~:I>]G9>&:Þ69µâ69µ;: :=%8&¥9§¨©¨<957§§¨>]<ʧ¨57:k©¨5¦'§ k¯Ø5¦G¬>{§¨µ;EH>{<²:=¥T>]E E7ª¤±H>]'§ xG9§q§q<9µ±B®>]:sG9>]:ÞG9Ex> ³RE)A :=<³U¥%EH§¨<?>{µ ,.- ,. B 365820L :. @A36B :?>8247+GI<43M=. U¥« 57EH8{µc57> ® E7:Iª>]:I>]8{G9§'k:T5¦>{¯=§¨©¨EH57< µ{µ;bH§¨¯= ?57>]©âG$69³9µ:Iª57EH©q8;©¨®)E1â5!§¨#9<©¨±:Ê>]¯=G9E7:â<$¥>{EH57698{578;µ® G:I>]5":I78{:í§'k<95¦>{EÕ§¨EH¯I<BEH<9§>]µcµ;>]:=8]©q5¦ªD§¨>{<?E >)#%E7:â<ߥ>]57G8c:> E7µ{§qª ®>]§qG9©ä:'578;®©qʧq<9>]EU§¨® ±H§:==Ex5¦>]³9§q:IEHµ{<R§¨¯ A° 57<¯s>] § l H : D¯=¯=E7EH<$<?>{>]8]E757698c8{ʵjs>] E²b>]G98;:=:'¥9¯=8;©¨:=57µ;µ{:=µ;<?§¨>]¯kµô5¦©~>{µ{G9<: 5<`¦5¦:B8{¯ ®f|©¨:IE<9³9±7:I>]©bGÜh #9¥653>f 8]:=5¦8;±7®¬:s>]ªE7:=8I8{®T âABG9CF§q¯ØEHG <µ{® §¨³:k:=578{<9§q<9µ²±Ê>]5G95¦µ{> §q® U¥W ©¨`§'9hXb :=jI³í :I <9:=8;¢H±7 Oí©q:k® 57³E§¨³<9:=±Ý© â>]E §>]G95 E7±H6:I>áEH>]® G9:I:Û>]µ;8;:=§¨¯Ê¯IEH:=<9<9³ f ³9r :Iµ;8{µ{'§ 69¦®5¦>{§¨'§ <7±²:>]>{:=G8;5¦® > U©¨:=W 57³9hhb µOjQ>{ ZE >{G9¢Ù:Þ©q: :k%57¥9³98{µO:I>{µ{EÛµ;§¨EH>]< G9:áViªEHh0W8;®Bj 69 ©ä5 >]§¨E7 I]< UW ` c e h0W j
(43) Ik b?A ` V hXW j Y [ I] e hXW hhb j)j
(44) Ik b h< j ££G9G9:O§qµÊ8;:=>{±H:=8;6® ©ä578;§¨§ <?k>]5:I>]±H§¨E78]<Ù5>]E7:=ªµT>{G957µ§¨µ¤® [ E]"³9k :Ib©§qµ0 <91E ]ß57¯ØG9 §q.: 757:=<9³ ³ #?57ô©¨©q>{E1G9â:Fµ ¯IEH>]E<9µ;>]¯=57EH<?<?> >{8{]EH©á >]G¡: A µ{® ExE7>]G9<:=µ{µâE7ª¤>]G:'¯IEH<?>]EH68 hµ{:I: ol RªEH8³:I>Ø5¦§¨©¨µ jsA :<91E G"5 7:O57<Ù: %¥98{:Iµ{µ;§¨EH<B§q< âG§¨¯ØGô>{G9:§q<?>]:=8;<57©$:=<:=8{±¦Ù¯=57< #%:§¨<9¯I©¨69³9:I³ §¨<>{G9:1: %x>{:=8{<957©¥QE¦>]:=<?>{§ä57©A á§'7:=< 5 ¥QE¦>]:=<?>{§ä57©* -¡¬>{G5¦>Û± >]5<â`7G:Iµ §¨¯ØGí©qE1F>]G:I:8 ¦57©¨6:=µ<:k578³:=µ{§q8{:I³íª:k5¦>{698{:Iµ= :²578;:ô©¨Ex E `$§¨<± ªEH8¥5¦>{G9µá57©qEH<93 §¨§¨<?µ >{³9:=±H: 8{57<9©Ó:=³E7!ª 5¦%µ >{ G9:¬® e §¨<9] §q®)§q5¦µô©F® :=<§¨<9:=8{§q®)±¦ß5¦©§qA)<?>]£:=±7G8]: 5¦>{µ{:=69³ 8cªe5757¯=©qEH:)<9E7±Üªâ5 ®§q¥9<95¦§¨>]®G 57#%©:I5¦> ¯I>]§q:=EH:I#< < " 5 µ;>]578;>{§¨<9±²¥%EH§¨<?%> $ 57<³¬57<?1¥%EH§q<$&> $. 0 " h'$&j §q<ª V hXW j §¨<ª YQ[! hXW hhb jj k b1 h j (*),+.- ) (*)/+.- ) âG9:I8{3 : 2 4 + 4 §qµ>]G:¬µ{:s>ÊE7ªÞ57©q©¥95¦>]G9µ #Q:s> F:I:=5 < $ 57<96 ³ $~A £G9:í® §¨<§¨®57© ª>]¥8{G5¦E7:Û>{®-G ¯k57#%>]µ;G:I:B§¨> µáªEH57:=8 :=¯s<7>] §qEH$ js< ">{®)5¦G9<9:Û5¦³ ¥R57A 57¯s<?>]r §qUEHµ{<íµ{¥Q6EH®®§q<?57§q>8<9¥ ±$ G^â>]57G§qµ<¬5E7>Þ>]<9G¥Q©q:ôUE7>{§¨EH:=®<9<?57:B>]§¨±H57©q:'Ei© ¯=¯k:575¦©¤< 9 ®#Q§q¡:ô<9§¨:kh®B>{57G9µ;6§¨§¨®©qµÊ§qµáâ³:=57G9³9 ©§¨O69¯ØG ¯I5k:=x§q³ µµ >]¥9G8;EH:1¥µ;57>ر?5¦58;>]>]§q§¨<9E7<R± Q¥%>{EHG§¨5¦<?>Þ>;§¨$ µÞ 5 AÕ±7£8]57G9³9:1§q:=® <?>Þ§¨<9³9§q®):Iµ{5¦¯=©:I<?¥9>ô5¦>]EHGñ< §q>{µBG9ª:ÛEH69®<9§q³<9§¨®#? 57©¤5í57¯sµ;§¨>]® §¨E7¥9< ©¨:3®)#57577¥ ¯"` " f µ;8{>]:I57³98;69>{¯I§¨<9:=³ ±>]ªEÙ8;EH>]< ® G9:$Pµ{^:=©q:=69¯s<?>]>{§¨§¨E78© < $ E7 ªR§q>{µ1G9:8{:k> 5¦¯ØEÛG9:=: ³R%xA>]8;:=£® G$§q69>{§¨µI:= µ¯=E7EHª~<?>{>{G9EH:69¥8Ê5§¨>]<9GR§>]A §¨57 ©¨'§ :k5¦:&>{%§¨¥EH<ñ©ä57§q§q< µ §¨<1>{G9:Þ<9: %x>&µ{:I¯I>]§qEH<TG91E >]E²¯IEH®¥6>]:Þ-: p ¯I§¨:=<?>{©q >{G9:'57¯I>{§¨EH<Ê®57=¥ " A.
(45)
(46) !"#%$&
(47) ')(*
(48) + ,+-/.0*) 1 323465 7859:
(49) '#2<;=" -?>!@=A=2B@DC-C=E. GHI-J K\LF N GH1XH1X I Q R H1X H R%Q TS3Q [<LZ[ LwL)X [ V S V H1X=[\U
(50) X [ L T LZW [ [ 3L S V[\LwX=[MH QT H U R H1X H RQ T V X[ LL T1T H S UML X [ L R H T L [ L R H1X H R%Q T,Q Y*[\HV-X V K LwH1I=[MLH U?[ Q X3YwL [MV [ L R%Q K L S V H1X=[ X [ L8KMH1I=[ R H1X H R%Q T S3Q [ JBU+H1X I Q Y S KMV S3Q I Q [\HV-X W K\V R [ 3L UML)YZV-X S V-HX=[. ,.-. 7. S G 79B E <X="!$# LS 3P20>GI<03M=. ]>° <íE EH8;s$³96:=5¦8â>{§¨>]EHE< ¯=EHh#® jF¥9§qµ6>{µ{:'EH© >{HG9:I§¨³.µ& ®57¥ ²" Q5 ª8{E7<$>wf ¥98;EH¥57±H5¦>]§qEH<Ê:=s$65¦>{§¨EH<U8{:=©¨5¦>]:I³ % W ¢ *,+ h0#j %'& )( °|69><?>].: §qH©E7:k'© 57H¯Ø:IGµ5²¥QE7ª§¨8{<?EH>Ó<?>&§¨<9µ;µ;>]§¨57³98;:>{§¨>{<9G9±²:⪧¨®8{EH57® ±H:O57³9<¬E7§q®)< 57<9§q<²§>]§¨:=µÓµ;§¨57®µ;µ{57§¨©R±7<9¯I§¨:=8{³)¯I©¨5
(51) :ᦵ;G57©q5769¥%:O:BªEH5788;EH" 69A0<9³ £G9$ : ¦57©¨6:áE7ª " h'$j§qµO>]G9:á>{§¨® : & 5¦$ > âG§¨¯ØGÊ>]G9:áª8{E7<$>&¥5¦µ{µ{:Iµ1E 7:=8>]G9:Þ¥%EH§¨<?&> $~A £ 9 G : / .10B32450B76w},yz |*>{:=¯ØG9<§ s$69:7 F§¨<?>]8;E³96¯=:=³ß§¨< a¢ l F57µ)69µ;:=³ß§¨< l <9E7>{§¨¯I§¨<9±B>{G5¦>>]G:'®57¥ " µ]5>]§¨µ :=µ>{G9:Ó§g`7EH<9 57©~:=s$65¦>{§¨EH< .
(52) "F 57<9³ " h $ j ¡ h\l<j 5EH7CF<9< ©ä5¦³Üµ{5Õµ{57§qEH8;¯ :Û<9:69f <9<9µ{§§qµc>]³9>Ø:í:=25 ³ß#9³9©q § :7³9,"A :=:I8;8{r §':I¦<9<Ý5¦¯=>{:Ý69§'H¥ :Tµ{f ¯ØâG>]§¨G:=<9®5³ >):=µ;µÊ©q¯ØEG9ªE EH:=`$8)® µ >]: §¨G<O§¨µ1>]57G9µÞ=: :Us$¥96698;5EH¥ >]¥%f§¨âE7EH<µ{§q:I<9³ >{³ :=#?<9³ ³ §¨8{:I i>{ ¢ ¯IEl >{A§¨1EôEH7<°|:=>Þ8{E7µ;8;ªáG9:=Ex©q>]§¨GE7:=:>µ ®<9E §x>]:á§q<9³9±ñ § ,"ª8{:IEH8{:I<?<9>k¯= Þ:I5¦µ <9 ³*>{G9:=8;0: #? "5 HEH§q³9µT>{G9:ÜE 7:=Z8 f µ{GEE7>{§¨<9±ß57µ;µ{Ex¯=§ä5>]:=³ â§q>{G h®)5 % 98 ":<; ^ = >8 ":@?P^ = Ø¡
(53) Bj c e h®)5 % 98 ( ": = ; ^>8 ( ": = ?P^Ø¡
(54) Bj c : c hMc j = ( ( ±H#? §1§q>]<9G9±ôB: >{.1G90B:á32C¯=EH458;8{03:I¯I6w$> },xygz§¨µ;|ܯ=EH§¨µ;µ§q> >]# E f µ;§¨<?EH>]©¨68;E>{§¨³EH69 < ¯=:Þ8ÊEHªE78;³9&8 :="A8&: §¨= <1A>]£GG9:Ù:áµ;§q:=®©¨:I¥¯I>{8{§¨1E EHH<T:I®E7ª0:I<$>{G9>O:'®)±H578{³§q³ : ¥%§¨<EH± §¨<?E>]µIDFA)2G£0BG9 {D§qµÞ7 EH#%8{:=³9¯k:I5¦8Ù69µ{§qµ
(55) :1#>]57Gµ{:U:I³Õ5¦¯IEH>]§q<ÜEH<ñ>]G9¯k:Û5¦<ªe57¯sE7>Ù<9©q>{ÕG5¦±H>'8{1E §¨< ªEH³98{®69: 5¦>]>]§qE EH<í>{G9§q:µ'¥s$8{6EH57¥³95¦8{±?5¦5¦>]>)§q¯ f s$65¦>]§qEH< hMc#jA £G9§qµâ>{:=¯ØG9<§s$69:'E7ª0¯IEH<9µ;§¨³9:I8{§¨<±5>:=57¯ØGTµ;>]:I¥¬EH<©q)>{G9:'<9:=¯I:=µ{µ{578;Tµ;:I>&E7ª ±H©¨:I8;<9§¨³T±7>{¥QGTEH¥9§q<?5¦>]>]$µ G9µâO§q5¦<Uµ5ÛEH8;±H§¨±H8{57§q<¥957G ©q©q#Q:s§¨> <?F>]8;:IE:=³<T69> ¯=F:IE³U±HªEH'§ 78:=>]<ÊG:Ù<9Ex¯I³9EH:=<9µ&µ;>{§¨8{< 69¯s oe >]A§qEH<¬E7ª0®§q<9§¨®ô69®.
(56)
(57) !"#%$&
(58) ')(*
(59) + ,+-/.0*) 1 323465 7859:
(60) '#2<;=" -?>!@=A=2B@DC-C=E
(61)
(62) !#" $ )( %'& +( -, * . +( 0/21 3 54 * 76 , 98: ;/=< 4 / >,?4@. +( ?67. * ( % +( BA + C6D/EA + 4BFG,H/EA + 4FJIK. * BA LA + -6D/EAL4MF * O9N /EA!4P/Q,H+/E( AL4BFSRT4@. +( U,VFV6VFSRW. * %WX ( ;67. * X BAYFZ/2[\^]`_ab+\^]`_c4 ?/ ,H/EAL4BFV6B]QfBg`h - i fBg`h !4@. *ed 7/2[lamb#4n/213 o & 4 p/2[m\]`_Lab+\^]`_q4@( *kj s6t] - i 78M: <u. r /2[lab#4 6 ] - i 08: < r v/2[lab#4 w Q T L 8 N <ux)/ ")(?: 1 QT I V-KMH[ R. ¾Ì=Í=ÎÃÎnÆ{ÍI N%¿cÍkwn_aÀÓ`cb×DÎÂgÈn¾¦Ã Í= Æ;¿;Ã%ÈnxǾRÏ;ÁÐeÎÄkÀ¿cÅÍ=Æ;Ï;ξ ÍØÀ ä¿cÃ2×DÄIÎÐeÄÃÄI¾Ó¿;ÐÃÎnÆ;ÍÒ{¿cÈnÑ=¾ íÄk¿cÂ2Ǿ|¾|ÍÁ¾|¿;ÐeÄ=¾ À ¾Æ;sÂäÍ=dgÃ_ëÈÎém
(63) ÉÓw i¿
(64) ÂgÎiÃ¾Ô ¾;¾ à Ô~ËyÍIÁÆ{Æc¾ÉòË Ã~)Ï;ÄkÁοcÀÂÅÇÆ;¾|În¾|ÍÍàÐ|Æ{ÉÅIÐ|Æ{ÑIÍIþ Í=À¾òsÑ=ÎÂgèéâÎnÍIÏ ÍI¾|ÎnÏ{ÄÑ=Ç¿cÆ;ÃÁÎnÆ{ ÍQÃÆxÇËy¾ÁÆ{¾ÉÝòI¿;¿cÉÈÎnÎnÒ]Í=¾"¾|ÀÅÔ0Æ{ÎnÍØÚQÃÍ Â kmcd Âg¾Ã ¿;ÈnÆ;ÃÄ=¾ÁQÏcÁÎÀFÅÆ{ÎnÍØÃÂ|ÖIÃÄI¾Á¾~ÎnÂDÍ=Æ;ÃDéؾÃ%¿;ÍF¾ÂäÃÎÉÓ¿
(65) þRËîÆcÁ ï¨ÍIÎÃÎy¿cÈnÎð|¿cÃÎnÆ{Í N%wn_a`cb Âg¾Ã $Á¾ ÀsÑ=Ð|¾ ÀÓÃÆ0ÃÄ=¾"ÂäÃe¿cÁgÃÎnÍ=ÏÅÆ;ÎÍØà Ös×DÎÃÄ sdg_ëm
(66) w Âg¾Ã $Á¾ ÀIÑIÐ|¾ ÀÃÆ ÃÄ=¾"ËëÆ{ÑIÁQÍ=¾ÎÏ;ÄÇÆ;Á OÆ;Ë ×DÎnÃÄFÎÍIÎÃÎy¿cÈ7Ò;¿;ÈnÑ=¾ kmcd Âg¾Ã ¿;ÈnÆ;ÃÄ=¾ÁQÏcÁÎÀFÅÆ{ÎnÍØÃÂ|ÖI×DÎÃÄ ÆØÆ;Å ¾Ã 9Ǿ"ÃÄ=¾ Idg_ym
(67) w ÅÆ{ÎnÍØÃ%×DÎÃÄFÃÄI¾RÂgÉÓ¿;Èn ¾|ÂäÃQ¿;ÐÃÎÆ;Í Æ
(68) Ò]¾QÎÃËëÁÆ{ÉUÃÄ=¾ sdg_ëm
(69) w ÃƤÃÄI¾ N%w_i`;b Âg¾Ã iÎiÔ ¾{Ô ÎÂ9ËyÁÆ{ð|¾Í Æ;Á%¾ ¿;ÐeÄFÍI¾|ÎnÏ{ÄÇÆ;Á Ð|Æ;Í=Í=¾òIÎÃqéÓÎÍ ÆcË ïïËË x9ÎÎn Imcdgd_ym
(70) ÖIw ¿{Ö=ÀIÑ=ÀÅvÀIÎnÿcÃÃƤ¾"ÃÃÄIÄI¾¾~¿;sÐdgÃ_ëm
(71) ÎnÆ;w Í Âg¾ÃD¿cÍkÑIÀÂgÐ|ÎnÍ=Æ;ÏÉÅ=ÑIØÃͦ¾ Ô sÔ ÑIÂgÎÍIÏ ØͦÔ. £ 9 G & : 7 5 q © H ± H E { 8 § ] > 9 G ® q § µ 9 ³ I : ] > 7 5 ¨ § q © = : Û ³ q § Û < 0 £ 2#©¨:á¢HA r <²: %57® ¥9©¨:§qµµ{G9E1â<§¨< ^0§q±H698{: 5 A £G9: .10B 2 45036w},ygz|>{:=¯ØG9<§s$69:Oµ;:=©¨:I¯I>{µ5¦> :k57¯ØGÛ§>]:=8{5¦>]§qEH<á>]G9:Gy,)y 0Bx¥%EH§q<$> â§q>{GÝ®§q<9§¨®B6®-5¦¯I>]§qEH< ¦57©¨6:7AB° <ÜEH8{³:=8>]EʯIEH®¥6>]:B>{G9§¨µ¦57©q69:7 :G9517: >]E²µ;£EHG$'© 769: µá §q>s$6<95¦:=:I>{§¨³9EHµÞ< EHhM<9c ©jUªE7EH<98:B:k57¥¯Ø57Gʵ;µá>]8;E1§äH57:=©"8¥Q>{EHG9§q<?:Û>k§¨ 9®5¦µ&57±H³:¦:IA>Ø5¦£¤§¨©¨E1:I³Ê¥Q:I§¨<Ê8;ªEH£08;5!®-#9©¨: : pl¯IA §¨:I<$>{©q >]G9G:=:=57µ{¥Õ:â³EH¥%5>Ø:=5U8{5¦µc>]>]§q8;EH69<9¯Iµ>{§q69<B8{q: ® he§¨µ{<9:I§q:)®B69³9®:s>Ø57>]§q§q©¨®µÞ:¦§¨< ¦>]G i ¢ ': l jy,s)A y 0B x%§q¥Q<9¯=E7:²§¨<?>]>]Gµ:)5¦8{¯=:E7µ;®>{EH¥98{©q:I: ³²%§q§¨> <²í5E7ªO® >]§¨G< : f EH#?¥%Ê:=5 8{5¦>]§qEHEH8{<1µc)> E7f ¯=ª 57¯Øµ{G
(72) : 57#%<9E7±H>{§q<9>{EH±Û® >]G9f|>]:43E f|¦>]57E7©q¥)69:¥98;E7Eª ¯IEH:=<9:=:Þ³§¨:=<9©q±²:=® E7ª2:=<?>]>âG:E7ª¤>]8{>]:IG9:á:Þ§¨G9{< :=z57¥Êhe©¨§¨E7µ$± #%EH 69j<9 ³>]:=G³ : >] E¦>Ø<957Ex© ³9F:IE7µ=8 A `'§¨µ #%EH69<9³:=S³ zih0Ü©qEH± c j2ªEH8¤>]G9
(73) : .10B 2 45036w},ygz| EH<²5±Hc 8{§q³ â§q>{G |. }
(74) "( a ~a & Y . . !&*. !+& YC &?~ +!. £® G9§¨<9:í§q®)® 57:I©x>{¥G9Ex5¦>{³ G E7#%ª :I> ol :=:I³9<):I> >]F57§¨EÙ©q:=:=³ <9³§q< ¥QEH>]§qG<?:¬>]µ=A¥98; :.x:§¨EH5768{:âµ <9µ{:IE1¯I >]§q§qEH<$< >{:=578;:=©q©¨µ;E1>{â:=³ µ²§q>]< E <9<³9³ §q<9±5 ®<957³<?§¨Õ<9±'EH§¨8ô<5757©¨©Ó< ¯I§¨EH®<?57>]±HEH:698;§¨µÛµ>{§¨EB<ñ575¦µ;<µ{69§¨® ®:$57±HF:¦:A Gr 5"H9:8{5'µ;>Bµ;:Iµ;>>]:IE7¥ñªR¥%ªEHEH8ô§¨<?®B>{µ 6$^©q>]&§q¥9±7©¨§':²H:I¯I<EH<?E7>]<EH>]69G8;:µ §¨®57±H:)57<9³>{G9:=< <9³ ¯IEH<?>]EH698;µÛ¥57µ;µ{§¨<±Ý>{G98{E769±HG>]G:=µ{:Ê¥%EH§¨<?>{µ=A Õ: â§q©¨©.
(75)
(76) !"#%$&
(77) ')(*
(78) + ,+-/.0*) 1 323465 7859:
(79) '#2<;=" -?>!@=A=2B@DC-C=E. ]>³9G§qµ{:O¯=®6µ{E7µâ®©ä5¦:I>{<$:=> 8OG:E *57µ{µ;>]69E²® ³9:F: >]<9G9:á:>]¥QGE7:=§¨µ{<?:Þ>]µ0¥%57EH8{§¨:<?>{:=µ=§q>{ G9§q<1:=8 ¥±H57§'8c7>]:=§¨<-¯I69#?©äô5¦8F5§¨<¥98; x:=¥9:=¯I8;>{E§¨¯IEH:=< µ{µ;9§¨<9]A ±á^E7EH88 >]#?¥%G9EH5¦§¨>{<?>FG9>]©qµ:§¨,< G69`ô"5µ;:=H¥8I:B57A §¨>{8; EµE¦:#QªR:B¥¥%8{©qEHEH§¨,<§¨¥%<?`¦EH>]:=µ{µ³¬:57>]>{® EEH±HEH:s<9<>]±ÞG9³ >]:I>]G98=G9 : :$v¯I<EH³9yµI<?§¨A<9>]EH°|±ª 6>]F8{G9µ:-: 5757µF⩨µ;5ôG9E E7µ{`$©¨:s:ô><91Eµ;E7:I ª2>Þ® âE7§¨ªÓG9<9§q¯I§q¯Ø®)EHG <?5¦>]¥©9EH57¥6§q8{5¦8{µÓµ>{G9E7§qµµ ª 5)>]8;§'x§ä5¦© 5¦¥9¥9©¨§q¯k5¦>{§¨EH<UE7ªÓ>]G9:ô¥98{: §qEH69µáµ;:=¯I>{§¨EH<"AÙ£G9§qµ EH69©¨³ #%:Bµ;§¨® §¨©ä5¦8â>{E >]>]GG:&: ® ¥5¦:I>{>{G9G9-µ Ex³#%:I§q< > k!:=:=< âGµ;69§¨¯Ø¯=G)¯I:=6µ{µ{µ;:='§ 7³):U5'¥%³EH§¨<?<9>{57µô®±H§q¯ § H¥9:=<8{E7±H#$8] 57® >]G9® :)§¨69<9µ{±á:I5¦8=A¥9¥9£8{EHG957: ¯ØG ¥8{>{)E 4E #9©q:=<9® ³ :B578;:ô§¨<?>{:=8{:Iµ;>{:=³í§q<¬G9:I8{:ô§qµ5¦©¨µ{E²>]E <9³íE76>(âG§¨¯ØGí¥5¦§¨8{µ&E7ª¥%EH§q<$>{µG9517: >]E #%:Û¯=E7<9<9:=¯s>]:I³ #? 5 ¯IEH<?>]EH68=A §¨<9¯I:B>]G9:Ûµ;:I>ÞE7ª¥%EH§¨<?>{8µ $vyµá§qµá57µ{µ;69® :=³ >]¯=EE7<9#%<9:²:=¯s±H>k'§ AÛ7:=£<ÜG969§qµá<9µ;§¨µ>{8{>{69G9¯s:>]69`78;:s:=ݳR ¥9F8{E):²#³9©¨:=ET®<9>]E7G> 5`$>Þ<9§¨1E µ µ;EH§q©'<Ü7:=57³Ü³ ¦G957:=<98;: ¯I: 6Gµ{§¨E < ±Ê>]5ÊG9®:²§¨¥%<EH§¨®§¨<?>{57µ © 57¯s>]§¨E7<T®57¥RA .-0/. 7. <0= <RL 7 Sn3M@ G9 RL 7B 367 E . %¥mEH69§¨81<?>]57µB¥57¥9<98{³E?5¦>]¯ØGG*:=§¨§q8Ùµ)´Óµ;§¨EH® 8{EH§¨©ä<5¦EH8²§>{³Eñ§ä57¯=±HEH8{® 57®T¥96A >{§¨5<9±E1>]:.G9H: :I8=³9 7§qµ;F>]:157<969¯=µ;:¬:1®)G9:=578;¥ :Ê>{5 E F5:I§¨µ{±H:sG?>1>{:=E7³ ª ³957µ§qµ;>Ø>{5¦G9<9:²¯=®:T§q³9<9.: §¨9®<957:=©¤³ 57¯I>{>{G9§¨8{EHE7< 69±HâG §>]GÝ>]G98{:T:Iµ{¥Q¥%E¦:=>]¯s:=>Ù<?>{>{§äE 57© ²âAߧq>{£G GI§¨µ:=8;E³9§¨µc¦>Ø5757©q<969¯I:Û:U5¦§q>'µÛ57E)©q©0#>]¥%57EH§¨§¨<9<?:I>{³ µ $v¦A° <9µ;>{:k57³)E7ª~¯=E7®¥96>]§¨<±ô5'®§q<9§¨®57©95¦¯I>]§qEH< ®)57¥ ªEH8Ó:k57¯ØG)¥57§¨8ÓE7ªR¥QEH§q<?>]µ= 57µÞ§¨< :I¯I>{§¨EH< :EH<©qír <:=:=³Ü>]Eʯ=E7®¥96>]:²EH<9:²® §¨<9§q®)57©¤57¯s>]§qEH<Ý®)57¥Ý§q< EH8;³9:=8â>]E <9³ 57©q©~¥5¦>{G9µ=A >>]G9:'µ]57® :Þ>]§¨® :á>]G9:ô57¯I>{§¨EH< <T`¦:=®³Ê57>]¥UEH±H§qµ:s>]¯IG9EH:I® 8=AÓ¥9£6>]G9:I§q³ µ :Ù³9:s>]:I8{® §¨<9:>{G9:Þ¥57§¨8;µE7ª ¥QEH§q<?>]µ>]G5>âG"5 H:Þ>]E #Q:á©q§¨, §¨57µ 8;: #957 0 µ{:I{³ { x+EHu < n y<9z1³92+§q<9E7±Ýª®>]G:I:Û:I>{®§¨<9§q±Ý<9§¨®¥%EH57§¨©2<?>]57µÛ¯s>]E¦§¨E7ª< >{G9" :UA'¥° 8{< EH¥ 5¦:=±?¯s5¦>]§q>]EH§qEH<Ü<ª 8{E7<$:Û>{µ=µ]A57§q³í£G9>]G:I5µ{:> ¯ªk8{5¦E7©¨<$¯=6>ô©ä5¦>]G9>{§¨8;EHEH<U69±HE7Gª>]:-G9s$:Û65¦® >]§q§¨EH<< §¨®957A ©257r ¯I©q>{>{§¨G9EHEH<¬69¯k±H57G < >]#%G9:Û: µ{® :I:=§¨<<ܧ¨®57µ57©Ó>]G57:B¯I>{¥9§¨EH8{<E7¥§¨57µB±?¯I5¦EH>{§¨® EH<¬¥96E7>]ª:I³5 69@µ;69§¨<98;§¨±²<9±Êªe57µ;>]>âG9:²®ªe57578;µc¯Ø>ôG9®§¨<957±8{ ¯Ø>]GG9§¨:'<9±U©¨: H57:I©¨±7©~EHµ{8{:I§>{>]µG9®TE¦ª R" >]G9±H3: § H#Q:áE7>]69G9<9:Þ³57: H8cÝEH©q6E7ªO>]§qEH>{G9<Ê:E7µ;ª0:I>{>ôG9E7:áªâª8{57EH©q'§<?H>k: A ¥%EH:1§¨<?G>]57µ ³ñ57EH©¨µ;<9E©Õ±H§'E77<9:=: µ ª>{8{G9EH: <?>Û¥QE7: Hµ{§qEH>{ © §¨xEH§¨<ß<9±¬E7ªÞª8;>]EHG9® :í>]ª8;G9EH:1<?>kµc>ØA 578c° >]< §¨<>]±íG9¥Q: E7¥§¨<?8{>:.x$ §qEH 69A µ1 µ{§q<9:I¯I¯=>{: §¨EH57<R©¨© ¥ª%8{EHE7§¨® <?>]µ :k5¦$v¯ØÝG 5¦E78{ªÞ:Ü>{µ{G9:I:Ý> µ;â>ا5¦>]8;G >]§q<9" ±ñh $v¥%EHj §¨<? >]µ ¡$^ ¦A : ° < <E â G5G>T"5 HªE7:Ü©¨©¨EHE1<9â: µ ªâ8{EHG9<?:=>T< .: F7EH: '© x>اq5¦<9©`± 25 #%EH6> ª8{EH<?>®:I:I>{§¨<9±9 F:U®:=57< :=§>]G9:I8 >{G9:¬±7:=EH® :I>{8{§¨¯Ê¥%EH§¨<?> âG9:=8;:¬>]G: >>]G: Eôª8{8{EHµc>â<?>{57µ©q§'¯IHEH:®¥Q§qE7<9§¨±á<?>ª8{âEH® G§¨¯Ø³G1'§ ,Q¯=:=E78{<9:I<9<?:=> ¯s$v>] µOyµ> ®E²:I¯=:IEH>=® xE7¥Q8E7§q<9< :=>{<?G9>]:µª³8{§¨EHµ{®¯I8{:s³9>]§ :,"5¦:I©¨8{±H:=EH<?8;>%§q>{$^G9 ® µ heµ;:=: ^0§¨±7698{:Iµâ 5¦<9 ³ #jsA m698á¥98;)E #9©¨:I®-§qµ8{:I©ä5¦>{:=³ >]E >{G9:²57¥9¥8{E?57¯ØGÝ¥98;:=µ;:=<?>]:I³5¦>>{G9:²:=<9³ÝE7ª ol §q< EH:=<8;³9³:=8á¥%EH>]E§q<$><9O³ 5¦µ²5ʪ¯=E7©¨69E7<9µ{:=³ ³Ü57¯=µÛE7<$5í>{EHµ{5769³98IA³9©q á:1§'¥Q7E7:=§¨<Ü<?>kEHA <9©q£íG9EH§q<9µÛ:²¥Q:=E7<9§¨<?³ >B¥Q§qµ E7§¨â<?>kG9 R:=>{8;G9:1:>]G9µ;:=:)¯IEH> <9³E ª8{E7<$>{µB¥98;EH¥57±?5>]§¨<± #%E7>]G F5kxµÛ®:I:I>kA 5:=8;: : 69µ{: >{G9:ªe5¦¯I>B>{G5¦>B±7'§ H:I< > E:I<9³ ¥QE7§¨<?>]µ $P^57<95³ $ c â>]G9: µ{57³9³9©q:í¥%EH§¨<?
(80) > âG9:I8{: >]G9:í> Eñª8{EH<?>{µ.
(81)
(82) !"#%$&
(83) ')(*
(84) + ,+-/.0*) 1 323465 7859:
(85) '#2<;=" -?>!@=A=2B@DC-C=E. µ;#%>]:I57> 8;>{§¨:=<9:=±U<7ª$ 8{^EH® 57<³:k57$ ¯ØG AÞ¥%° EH<9§¨³9<?:=>ô:I³R® R:I>]:IG>Û:B¯=®57< §q<9#Q§¨®: 576©~µ{¥:=³ñ5>]>{G E #%:I<9> ³ñ:=>]:=G9<Ý:)>]®G:B§q<9> §¨F®E157¥%©EH¥§¨5¦<?>{>{G µ G:=<57:=µ8{>{±¦E', j¥957EHµ{<Bµ >{#?G9B:>]® G:&§¨<9c ® §q®):=:s57>]©?§q¥9<95¦±á>]¥QG E7#%§¨<?:I>> O:=A:=<£$G9^0§qµ57¥Q<9EH³;§q<?$ >A§¨µO>{57G9¯":â`$¥Q¥9EH8;EH§q<?¥>57G±?575©>]ª §¨<F±5kª8{EHhe§q® < c >]E $ ^57<³í>]G9:I<íª8{EH® >{E $ ±H§ H:=µ>]G9:B> E1G57© H:=µáE¦ª>{G9:B¥5>]GRAÞ£G9§qµ §¨µF§¨< ªe57¯s>â57<Ê57¥9¥8{"E %§¨®5¦>]§qEH<R x³969c :>]EÛµ;EH® :³9§¨µ;¯=8;:I>]'§ k5¦>{§¨EH<):=8{8;EH8§¨3< <9³9§q<9± >]E7Gª :)>0 ® {,:={ :Ix?u>{§¨<9n±U ygz¥Q2+E7§¨<?¯=> 57< OAU#%:'°|ªâ®)G957§¨³±H:G #¥95¦8{µ{:I:=¯=³¬§qµ{§¨EHE7<U<>{§¨G9µ': <9:=:I<9³957:=©2³":= <9:I5T8{±7µ{T6 #®¥9 §57%¥R:=AO©° ©¨Ex<í¯kE75¦8{>{³9§¨EH:I< 8 >]#E 57"¯ ±H`$:s¥9>&8;>{EHG9¥:Þ57±H¥95¦8{>]:I:²¯=§qªµ{8{:'EH®®§q<9>]G9§¨®:²57µ;©%:=¯=¥E75¦<9>]³ÕG #%¥%:IEH> §¨<?>á:=:=>{<íET>{>{G9G9:á: > F8{Eµc>ô¥Q5¦E7µ'§¨<?§q>]< µI F:=¯s:'>]§¨¯=E7EH<6©¨³U 57#9©¨6µ;E > ¯=E7®¥96>Ø5¦>{§¨EH< >{§¨® : FE769©¨³ #Q:á>{G9:=<T®B69¯ØGT§¨<9¯I8{:=57µ{:I³RA .- ,. 3P: L R L =<4GI<43M=8S. :I8{:'578;:'µ;EH® :á³9:.<§q>]§qEH<9µO>{G5¦> ⧨©q©#%:'6µ{:=³T§¨< âG5>&ªE7©¨©¨E1âµIA ^EH8 5¥%EH§¨<?> $Û§¨<Ù>]G9:O§q®)5¦±H:7 F:F<9E7>]: " 4O>{G9:O® §¨<9§q®)5¦©?57¯I>{§¨EH<ÙE)#>]57§¨<9:I³ #? ^D57µc>«¬578;¯ØG9§¨<9± â§q>{GÊ¥QE7>{:=<?>]§¨57© 5¦<9³Êµ;>Ø5¦8;>]§q<9±²¥QE7§¨<?>&$~A #Q:I§¨<9±Ý5¬µ;:I>²E7ª&¥%EH§¨<?>{µô§¨< >]G9:1§q®)57±7:7 " §qµô>]G9:)®§q<9§¨®57©Ó57¯s>]§¨E7< 2E #>Ø57§q<9:=³ #? ^D57µ;>ô«¬578;¯ØG9§¨<± â§>]GÜ¥QE7>{:=<?>]§¨57© 57<³Õµ;>]578;>{§¨<9±Ê¥%EH§¨<?>{µ. $ $
Documents relatifs
In the continuous-time variant, the waiting time between any two transitions of a random walk are independent and identically distributed exponential random variables.. We will
Keywords: Image Segmentation, Eikonal Equation, 3D Medical Imaging, Active surfaces, active contours, minimal paths, level set method, object ex-
We shall exploit the action maps initialized by each of these curves and a transport problem in order to implicitly generate our Ψ function, whose zero level set contains all
Our approach was to run the software several times, record- ing performance metrics using Linux Perf Events. The elapsed time to track the performance is also used in
Indeed, PAFT can be solved in polynomial time [8] for the non-elementary case (using a simple BFS from t) while finding an elementary path avoiding forbidden transitions has been
Indeed, PAFT can be solved in polynomial time [6] for the non- elementary case while finding an elementary path avoiding forbidden transitions has been proved NP-complete in [12]..
In this network one can see the grouping of similar features; for example, the formation of parallel surfaces among 2 p olygons using one compatibili ty function ( ), and the
In § 2 we introduce notations to describe general networks of delay coupled dynamical systems and in § 3 we study the special cases of equilibria and periodic orbits of DDEs where
