Verticillium dahliae and cultural pratices studies Abadi H.M. in

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Verticillium dahliae and cultural pratices studies

Abadi H.M.

in

Braud M. (ed.), Campagne P. (ed.).

Le coton en Méditerranée et au Moyen-Orient Montpellier : CIHEAM

Options Méditerranéennes : Série Etudes; n. 1988-I 1988

pages 237-239

Article available on lin e / Article dispon ible en lign e à l’adresse :

--- http://om.ciheam.org/article.php?ID PD F=CI011906

--- To cite th is article / Pou r citer cet article

--- Abadi H.M. Verticilliu m dah liae an d cu ltu ral pratices stu dies. In : Braud M. (ed.), Campagne P.

(ed.). Le coton en Méditerranée et au Moyen-Orient. Montpellier : CIHEAM, 1988. p. 237-239 (Options Méditerranéennes : Série Etudes; n. 1988-I)

---

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237

Atelier : Protection des cultures Verticillium dahliae and cultural

practices studies

Seed and Plant Improvement Institute

-

Karadj

Cotton ucreag.e 300,OO hectares

several years ago, of which about 70 per cent was cu.ltivated in the northern regions along the

Caspian sec, where the region is hardln, infected by Verticillium dahliae.

Verticillium dahliae, has been known in Caspian sea regions since 1953 and it caused considerable damage to the cotton crop ten years later.

1963, an American variety, Coker 100 wilt, was introduced and its certified seeds were distributed

by

yield capacity, suitable adaptability to differen.t climatological conditions, and good lint quality, due to its sensivity to th.e Verticillium dahliae, and

d e v e l o p m e n t , w a s h i g h l y i n f e c t e d b y t h e

Verticillium dahliae and in some oases, 80per cent o f the plants were infected.

Agronomical experimentations and studies o n $he c u l t u r a l p r a c t i c e s s u c h a s s p a c i n g , r o t a t i o n , f e r t i l i s i n g a n d s o i l s o l a r i s a t i o n , h a v e b e e n conducted showing very interesting results which are recommendable to the fa.rmers.

Cotton rotation with lucern has best effects against Verticillium dahliae and reduces the degree of infection, as showed in the table n" l . T h e degree of infection of cotton plants sowed after lucern is reduced, up to 019 grade.

Table 1 : Rotation

-

^Degreeof infection

Check (cotton)

1 3 Cotton (sowing

'otal

I

^Y ^of

plants infection O

0190 1 O0

6

-

16 40

18

2.14 1 O0

15 24

31 20

options

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Experimental method

An

35 km of of west of

Caspian sea. Soil analysis showed that the soil of the station contains 21% Caco

to Verticillium dahliae, cotton seeds W

20 m long.

The spacing between the plants was 25 cm and

80 conduced

conditions because the high level of soil.

as spacing, date of

kglha

l 516 1 390 1 210 940

sick plants

55 48 39 24

and study of

discussions

the as following :

A. of sowing delay late planting for reducing cotton diseases.

As shown in the table no 2, of of

Table 2 : Date of sowing

-

^{Coker 100}^W

I

^2nd

I

^1st

%

kglha sick kglha plants

1 4 3 0 k 6 2 % 1 4 7 0 k 1 3 5 0

1280 48% 1150

1 300 54%

870 25 % 1 100

% sick plants

58 % 50 % 37 % 28 %

kglha

1 650 k 1 400 1 200 950

%

plants 45 % 40 % 32 % 20 % . sick

dates of sowing

1 1 O 20

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B.

of 12

has best effect a g a i n s t V e r t i c i l l i u m d a h l i a e a n d t h e d i s e a s e

60

As showed in the table no 3, of due to the two following points :

1. To of cotton

we should sow

a of two

by

oil so effective and

if we want effect of diseases, it is

a which cotton is

sowed two

2. (Alfa-Alfa) is

may

of fungi : c h a m i g u n a n t a g o n i s t e , \ c h a m p i g u s aspergilus.

V. dahliae, so could

effect.

, Table 3 :

-

^Coker¹⁰⁰^W

of infection

213 21-

1 118 112 119 l O19

% sick plants

68 % 54 %

30 % 44 % ' 2 6 %

49 38 22

1 230 kg 1 420 kg 1 980 1 490 2 050 1 390 1 870 2 260

k g h a

cotton cotton cotton cotton cotton cotton cotton cotton

2nd

1st

options