Recherche de grandes déformations nucléaires dans des noyaux exotiques en spin et en isospin à l'aide des multidétecteurs gamma EUROBALL IV et EXOGAM
Texte intégral
(2) N0 d’ordre 32-2003. THESE pr´esent´ee devant l’Universit´e Claude Bernard Lyon-I pour l’obtention du. DIPLOME de DOCTORAT (arrˆet´e du 30.03.1992). ´ Aur´ elien PREVOST Recherche de grandes d´ eformations nucl´ eaires dans des noyaux exotiques en spin et en isospin a` l’aide des multid´ etecteurs γ EUROBALL IV et EXOGAM. Soutenue le 27 Mars 2003 devant la Commission d’Examen. Jury :. M. M. M. M. Mme. M.. A. Y. M. B. M. A.. ASTIER ´ DECLAIS GIROD HAAS MEYER NOURREDDINE. Rapporteur Rapporteur. Institut de Physique Nucl´eaire de Lyon 43,Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
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(138) GI[qW3JM$E3ZS[I¥N7GBD¸ª¯i¹P±P|¬W3Z ¹P± o= n JIEbQ GR2W3[MGIHKf7ZSVKHmv\[IN7LON7Q GoW3]2W3R_GI^\J%OV{^/GqZS]SN ]SN\J©QSE0p W3ZFCO]2WdQSJ©]SN7J f\E3QS]SHmGIHKEbQ_JN CGq[ 7LON7J [IN7JIR;N\f/GqHm}3N\LN\Q Gu]SNoJIR_HKQN/G©]HKJMEbJIR_HKQ>F¨©EbQSf7N\[MQ2W3Q G VKN7J L^7GISEF]_N\J]lWdQ2W3VmpJMN VKN\JGqN7f?SQSHm¶Z_N\J©Z_JIZSN7VKVKN7J JMN\[MEbQ G S[MHKv7}3N\LN\Q G R_[I^\JMN\Q Gq^7N\JuLOW3HKJVlWdf\f\N7Q G JIN7[qWJMZS[MGIEbZ_GLHKJJIZ_[cQSE3GI[INQSEbZ_}3N\VKVmNL^7GISE]SN ]SNf*W3VmHKS[IWdGqHmEbQ£W3Z_GIEbLcWGqHK¶ZSNe2WdJI^\N JIZS[OVKN\J JIEbZ_Jsr N7QSJIN7LYSVmN\J EbZSJwN7GoVmN\JuRS[MEb¥b[qWdLOLN\JwWd¢$^\[MN\Q GqJ7> n:N\J²f?2W3R_HmGq[MN\J²z N/G² JMN\[IE3QGf7EbQSJIW3f\[M^\JW3ZFCN/CFR;^\[MHKN\Q_f\N\JN/¢§N7f7GqZ_^\N\JW3Z_RS[Iv7J²]SZ ³= = w®u¯ W*}bN\fVmNLYZSVAGqHm]S^7GIN\f7GIN\ZS[ γ Bª®u¯P°©±³nnU= Y> oEbZSJuWdQ2W3VmpJMN\[IE3QSJ N7GwHmQ GqN\[MRS[I^/GqN7[IEbQSJ©VKN\J©JIHACcQSEbZr }bN7VKVKN7J SW3QS]SN7J ]S^7f\EbZ_}3N\[sGqN\JVmEb[IJ]SNV N/CFR;^\[MHKN\Q_f\Nº 2» >dn:N\J+[I^7JIZSVAG?WdGIJ ]SNQSE3GI[INN/CFR;^\[IHmN\QSf7N º °©HX»JIN7[IEbQ GPRS[M^\JMN\Q Gq^7JiN/GPHKQ GIN\[IR_[I^7GI^\J OR2W3[MGIHK[o]SNYf\W3VKf7ZSVKJªLOHmf\[IE3JIf\E3RSHK¶ZSN7J³W3Z_GIEdr f7EbS^7[IN\Q GIJ JMGqWdGqHm¶Z_N\JiN7Gi]_pQ2W3LHK¶ZSN7JiN/¢§N7f7GIZS^\JhR2W3[QSE3GI[IN^\¶ZSHmR$NN\Q f\E3VKVXWd$Eb[IWdGqHmEbQ W*}3N\fc]_N\JiRS pFJMHKf7HKN\Q_J ]SZ¥b[IEbZ_R$NP]SNh pFJMHK¶ZSN uS^\E3[IHK¶ZSN]SNV{= npbEbQN7Gw]SZ
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(141) _= ®o±n>BVmVKN }HKJIW3HmG ^7GqW3SVmHK[DZSQ_NoJMR$N7f7GI[IEbJMf\EbRSHmNª]_N\JQSE0p W3ZC]SNoGIN\[M[IN\J r [IW3[IN7JGI[Iv7J @0 . . . . . 197,198. 196. 76.
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(148) ; : b . e . γ. e . +± }3N\fe]SN\JgLOE0pbN7QSJY]SNc]S^7GIN\f7GIHKEbQ N/GY]SN7JgGqN7f?SQSHm¶Z_N\J]{W3Q2W3VApFJMNc]SNcRSVKZSJhN\Q RSVmZSJYR;N\[s`aN\f/r GqHmEbQSQS^7N\J 2VKWYJIR;N\f/Gq[IE3JIf\E3RSHKN γ N\JsGª]_N7}bN7QZSNgV{ZSQ_NP]SN\JwLN\HKVmVKN7ZS[IN7J `!W7EbQSJu]^7GIZS]SHKN7[wVXWYJMGI[IZSf/GqZS[MN N7G²VmN\JhRS[IEbR_[IHK^/Gq^7JY]SNcQ_E&pbW3ZFC RSVXW3f7^\JY]SW3QSJY]SN7JYf\E3QS]SHmGIHKEbQ_JhN CFGI[ 7LON7J²¶Z_Nf\NJMEbHmGg]SNJMRSHKQ E3Z ]HKJIE3JIRSHmQ aRS[IEdxSG?W3Q Go]SNV N\JMJIEb[oW3f/GqZSN7V:]SN\Ju`!W3HmJIf7N*W3ZFC[qW3]SHmE W3f/GqHm`aJ /> ¦³W3QSJVXWPRS[MN\LHKv7[INuR2W3[sGqHmN bQSE3ZSJ R_[I^\JMN\Q GqN7[IEbQ_J©VKN7JRS[IHmQSf\HmR2W3VKN7JDf*Wd[qW3f/Gq^\[MHKJsGqHK¶ZSN7J]SN\JLYZSVAGqHK]_^7GqN7f/r GqN7ZS[IJ γ >§ZSHmJ 5QSEbZSJª]S^\¥bW3¥bN\[MEbQSJªN\Q ¶ZSE3H f7NgJIE3QG]SNh}3^\[MHmG?WdSVKN7JªEbZFGqHKVmJw]SNhf?_EbHACR;EbZS[o^7GqZ_]SHKN7[ f\N7J ]SN7ZFCW3JMR$N7f7GIJ]_Hm¢$^\[IN7Q GqJN7Gf\E3LORSVm^\LN\Q G?WdHK[IN7JD¶ZSNwJIEbQ GVKN7JN/CFE3GIHKJILN\JN7QOJMRSHKQN/G N7QOHmJIEbJMRSHKQ N\Q]S^\f7[IHA}3WdQGoN7Q]S^/G?W3HmVVKN7JuLYZSVAGqHK]_^7GqN7f7GIN\ZS[MJªBª®u¯P°©±³nn= @0« N/GoB¸ª¯¹P±P| A@0y > ªEbZ_JhRS[M^\JMN\Q GqN7[IEbQSJg]2W3QSJZSQSNGq[MEbHKJMHKv7LON²R2Wd[MGqHmN :VmN\JPGqN7f?SQSHK¶ZSN7Jg]{W3Q2WdVmpJINN7Gh]SNRS[I^ r W3QSW3VmpJIN Z_GqHmVKHmJI^\N7JgT$QSEbZSJW3;Eb[M]SN\[MEbQSJ³QSEdG?W3LLON7Q G³VKNhQSEbZ_}3N*W3Z GI[qW3HAGqN\LN\Q G¶Z_N²QSEbZSJW*}bE3QSJP]SN7}3N\VmEbRSR;^ RSW3[MGIHK[²]SNVXW VKE3¥bHK¶ZSN E3ZSNf7EbQSf7N\[IQSW3Q GVXW f\W3VKHmS[qWdGIHKEbQ W3Z_GqE3LcWdGIHK¶ZSN]SN7JO]_^7GqN7f7GIN\ZS[MJN7GVKN f\EbQ_]SHmGIHKEbQSQ_N\LN\Q G³]SN7J³JIR;N\f/Gq[MN\J\>n:N7JGqN7f?SQSHK¶ZSN7JPZSJIZ_N\VKVmN\J x2VmGI[qW3¥3NhN7Q GqN\LRSJ³N/Gº3W3]_]Fr 2Wdf _» JIN7[IEbQ Gª[qW3RSHm]SN\LN\Q GoW3;Eb[M]S^\N7JoN7Q¥3ZSHKJMNP]SN[qW3RSR;N\VmJ\> nWªJIR;N\f/Gq[MEbJIf7EbRSHKN γ [IN7R$E3JIN©JMZS[ VKWo]_^7GqN7f7GIHKEbQh]SN\J [qW*pbEbQ_QSN\LN\Q GqJ γ ^\LHKJVKEb[MJ]SN©VKWo]S^7JIN C_f7HmGqWdGqHmEbQ ]SNgQ_E&pbW3ZFC f\[M^\^\J §]2WdQSJQSEdGq[INhf*W3J §W*}3N\fYZSQ ¥b[qW3Q_] LOE3LON7QGªW3Q_¥bZSVXWdHK[INN/G³ZSQSNh¥b[qWdQS]SNg^7QSN\[M¥bHKN ]N/CFf\HAG?WdGIHKEbQR2W3[o[I^*Wdf7GqHmEbQ ]_Nh`aZSJMHKEbQFrt^7}dW3R;Eb[qWGqHKE3QN/G³VKWO]S^/GqN\[MLOHmQ2WdGIHKEbQe]SN7J³RS[IE3RS[IHm^7Gq^7J]SNhf\N7J Gq[IW3QSJIHAGqHmEbQSJ γ af\EbLLNoVKWPQ2WdGqZ_[IN VKWPLYZSVmGIHKR;EbVXWd[IHmGI^ E3ZOV{^7QSN\[M¥bHK N />¨©N7GMGqNo]SN\[MQSHKv7[INwQSEbZ_J R;N\[MLON/G ]{W3RSRS[M^\SN7QS]SN\[ªVXWYJsGq[IZ_f7GqZ_[INi]SZQ_E&pbW3ZWdGqEbLHK¶ZSNd> n:HKLHmGq^7N V ^\R;EF¶ZSNRSW3[gVKW`!W3HmSVKN[I^7JIEbVmZ_GqHmEbQ N\Q ^7QSN\[M¥bHKNO]SN\J²JMf\HmQGIHKVmVXWdGIN\ZS[MJiHmQSEb[M¥ W3QSHm¶Z_N\Jg]_N W3= @*´b´ 3N R;EbZS[hZSQ RSSEdGqEbQ ]_N @ {zbz |N hZ_GqHmVKHmJI^\JiR;EbZS[gE3SJIN7[M}bN7[²VKN7JhGq[IW3QSJMHmGqHmEbQSJ γ ∼ V SHKJsGqEbHm[IN ]_N VKW JIR;N\f7GI[IEbJMf\EbR_HKN γ W `!W3HmGeZ_Q ;EbQS] ¶Z2W3VKHAG?WdGIHm`W*}3N\fVlWd[I[IHA}b^7N ]SN\J]S^7GIN\f/GqN\Z_[IJ JIN7LOHmf\EbQS]_ZSf7GIN\ZS[MJwW3Z¥bN\[MLcWdQSHKZSL MEbQSf7GIHKEbQ_J R QeR;EbVXW3[MHKJM^\N\J N\QHmQ}3N\[MJINiW*p W3Q GwZSQSNP[M^\JMEbVKZ_GIHKEbQ ]SN ∼ k lj 3N R$EbZ_[uZSQR_SE3GqE3Q]SN@ {zbz|N /> kF@ . . . +. . . . . .
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(151) A 2 A AF . . . . . . . γ. H > 2 8___U W P . . . . !)3 &)(%1 ! $' γ 3ZSJM¶Z§ cQ_EbJ ME3ZS[IJ ;VmN\JwLYZSVAGqHm]S^7GIN\f7GIN\ZS[MJªQ§{EbQ Gªf\N7JIJI^h]SNiJ\{W3LO^7VKHmEb[IN7[uN\Q ¶Z2WdVKHmGI^N\Q E3R_GqHr LHKJIW3Q GVmN\J³]SN7ZFC ¥3[qW3QS]_N\ZS[MJ³f\[MHmGqHm¶ZSN\J³¶ZSN²JMEbQ GPV N7f\W3f\HAGq^g]_N²]S^7GIN\f7GIHKEbQ RSSE3GIEbRSHKfhGqE3GqW3VKN E N/GYVKNOR$E3Z_}bEbHm[h]_N[I^7JIEbVmZ_GqHmEbQ R aR$EbZ_[g]SN7JYLYZSVAGqHK]_^7GIN\f7GIN\ZS[MJgEb[MHKN7QGI^\JYSW3Z_GqJgJIRSHmQSJ DWdRSRS[IEf?SN B® ¯° ±³nn = > ¨©NOJIEbQ Ggf\N\Jh]SN\ZCR;EbHmQGIJh¶ZSNOQSEbZSJhW3VmVKEbQSJP]_^7G?WdHKVKVmN\[P]2WdQSJgVKWeJMN\f/GqHKE3Q ¶ZSH JMZSHmG Q_EbZSJGq[qWdHmGqN7[IEbQ_JR_VKZSJVKE3HKQ VKNef\W3JO]_N\JLYZSVmGIHK]S^/GqN7f7GqN7ZS[IJEb[MHKN\Q GI^\J²}bN7[IJcVKW RS pFJMHK¶ZSN]SN\J QSE0pbW3ZFCeGq[Mv\JwN/CFE3GIHK¶ZSN7Jo]_NiSW3JwN7GoLOE0p3N\QJIRSHmQSJ W3RSR_[IEf?SNiB¸ª¯¹P±P| > 1. T. . .
(152) !#"$ " %& ' . n {N/f*W3f7HmGq^c]SN]S^/GqN\f/GqHmEbQ RSSEdGqEbRSHmfOGIE3G?W3VmNcN7JMG²]SE3QSQS^\N R;EbZS[YZ_Q LYZSVAGqHK]_^7GqN7f7GIN\ZS[h]SN f7EbLORFGqN\Z_[IJwHK]SN7Q GqHK¶ZSN7J 2R2Wd[PT R E = ΩN P W*}bN7fOT ' TSV {W3QS¥3VKN³JMEbVKHm]SN³]ZSQ f7EbLR_GqN7ZS[ Ω ' R T_V{N/f*W3f7HmGq^oRSSEdGqEbRSHmfHmQGI[IHmQSJIv7¶Z_N³^\¥ WdVKNªW3Z[qWdRSR$E3[MG N7Q Gq[INVKNQ_EbLYS[MN]SN³[IW*pbEbQSQ_N/r LN\Q GIJ γ ^\LHKJ RSW3[DZSQSNuJMEbZS[Mf\Nuf*WdVKHK_[I^\N N7GVmN©QSEbLgS[IN ]_NuRSSE3GIEbQSJD]2WdQSJVKN RSHKf ]§{^7QSN\[M¥bHKN GIE3G?WdVKN ' TSVXWgR_[IEb2WdSHKVmHmGq^ª]{W3Q GqHArtN\LRSHKVmN\LN\Q G H >N3>SVKWgRS[IE32W3SHmVKHmGI^¶ZSN]SN7ZFCe[qW*p3EbQSQSN7LON7QGIJ γ P Q_NGIEbZSf?SN7Q GR2WdJuJIHKLgZSVmGqW3QS^\LN\Q GwVmNPL 7LON³]_^7GqN7f7GIN\ZS[7> nWYRS[MEb2W3SHmVKHAGq^o]SNP]S^7GIN\f/GqN\[ SGqEbZ MEbZS[IJwW*}3N\f f\EbLR_GIN\ZS[MJuHK]SN7QGIHK¶ZSN7J SZSQe^/}b^\Q_N\LN\Q G]_NPf\E 5 QFr f7HK]SN7QSf\N³]§{Eb[M]S[IN f R$E3ZS[©ZSQ_N³f*WdJIf*Wd]SNP]SNLgZSVmGIHKRSVmHKf\HAGq^o| aQSEbLY_[IN³]SN γ ^7LOHmJ N\JsGu[IN7VKHK^7N E > ¨©N/GIGqNRS[MEb2W3_HKVKHAGq^ªQSE3Gq^7N P (M ) J7{^7f\[MHmGiT T. γ. γ. T. N f. R R N\JsGoVKNPQSEbLgS[IN]SNf\E3LYSHKQSW3HKJMEbQSJ ]SN f GI[qW3QSJMHmGIHKEbQSJuRSW3[ILH:| > C nW x2¥bZS[MN =M=?>m@ [IN\R_[I^\JMN\Q GqN R;EbZS[ZSQ^/}b^7QSN\LN\Q G ]SN LYZSVAGqHmRSVKHmf\HmGI^ M = 30 uVXW RS[IE32W3SHmVKHmGI^ R$EbZ_[uRSVKZSJMHKN7ZS[IJ }dW3VmN\ZS[MJu]SN f > oEbZSJu[qWdRSR$N7VKEbQ_Ju¶Z_NiV{E3Qf?SN\[Mf?SNhHmf\H N7QS[IN7¥bHKJsGq[MN\[u]SN7J P (30) ^/}b^\Q_N\LN\Q GqJD]_NPº`aEbVm]5»P^\VKN/}b^ dVmN`aEbVm]h^/G?W3Q G VKNQSEbLY_[IN]SN ]_^7GqN7f7GIN\ZS[MJ GqEbZ_f?S^\JDR;N\Q_]2W3Q GDVmNGIN\LRSJ ]SNgf\E 5 QSf\Hm]SN\QSf7N3>¨©EbLOLNiVKNgLEbQ Gq[MNgVKWx2¥bZ_[INY=M=?>m@ ;RSVmZSJEbQ}bEbZS]_[qWc`!W*}bEb[MHKJMN\[³VmN\J^/}b^7QSN\LN\Q GqJ ]SN©2W3Z_GD`aE3VK] RSVKZ_JDV N7f*Wdf\HmGI^©]SNu]_^7GqN7f7GIHKEbQ²RS_E3GqEbR_HKf GIE3G?WdVKN©]_N7}[qW 7GI[IN ¥3[qW3QS]_N3>3±DpbW3Q G ΩGqE3GqW3V R N7G P x_CF^\J QSEbZSJ³W3ZS[IE3QSJ]SE3QSfgGqE3Z_G³HmQGI^\[ 7G cW3ZS¥bLN\Q GqN7[VmNgRSVmZSJR;EbJIJMHKSVmNgVKWO¥b[IW3QZSVXW3[MHmGI^ ]SZULYZ_VmGqHm]S^7GIN\f/GqN\Z_[\>:nWe]SHKJsG?W3QSf7N VXWf\HmSVKNYJMN\[IW]S^/GqN7[ILHKQS^7N²R2W3[ZSQ f\EbLRS[IE3LOHmJN\Q GI[INVXW N }3EbVKEbQ GI^ª]{W*}bEbHm[ZSQSNo$EbQ_QSNªN/f*W3f7HmGq^oHKQ_]SHm}HK]_ZSN\VmVKN N/G©f7N\VKVmNw]SNªVmHKLHmGIN\[ VmN\JN7¢$N7GIJ©]N\LRSHKVmN\LN\Q G*> kbk f PfN (M ) = CM (Ω )f [N (N − 1)...(N − f + 1)]Pγf [1 − (N − f )Ω ]M −f. f M. f N. γ.
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(154)
(155) 2 7 2 F . . . 0. γ. 0 f=1. 2. −1. 10. 3. Pf (30). 4. N. 5 6. −2. 10. 7 8 9 10. 11. 12. −3. 10. 0.00. 0.05. 0.10. 13. 0.15. ET=NΩεpPγ. =M=?>m@. "!$#&% ' -c?P+DLs;`L /25 f BD1<BD5/21aO/21.-&1XTF+.O/21.IZ1.9/ /X-$+:9A6L /MLQ?@9A6 J5A5.9A1PIK1P9/26<3A?F/2?@3DLQO6 P f γ 3P+.-JI[LE:9A1>O7+A6}O+.BD1\BD1 I\E:; N/MLY3:;`LQOAL /25
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