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ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﻻﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺲﻠﻟﻤﺠﺍ

Distr.: ^General

17 December 2003 Arabic

Original: English

160104 140104 03-66615 (A)

*0466615*

ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﺛﻼﺜﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﺴﻣﺎﳋﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺪﻟﺍ ٢٠٠٤ ﺱﺭﺎﻣ/ﺭﺍﺫﺁ ٥-٢ *ﺖﻗﺆﳌﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ (ـﻫ) ٤ ﺪﻨﺒﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﺇ :ﺔﻳﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ

(ﻮﻜـــﺴﻧﻮﻴﻟﺍ) ﺔــــﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟﺍﻭ ﻢــﻠﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺔــــــﻴﺑﺮﺘﻠﻟ ﺓﺪــﺤﺘﳌﺍ ﻢــﻣﻷﺍ ﺔــﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﺮــﻳﺮﻘﺗ

ﺕﺍﺀﺎــﺼﺣﺇ ﻦــﻋ ﻱﺩﺎــﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـــــﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔـــــﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎــــﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔـــﻤﻈﻨﻣﻭ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ

ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﲔﻣﻷﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺓﺮﻛﺬﻣ

ﻡﺎـﻌﻟﺍ ﲔـﻣﻷﺍ ﻑﺮﺸﺘﻳ ،**ﲔﺛﻼﺜﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻌﺑﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﺎﺗﻬﺭﻭﺩ ﰲ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻟﺍ ﺐﻠﻃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺑ ﻢـــﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺮـــﺋﺍﺩﻭ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـــﺼﺣﻺﻟ ﻮﻜـــﺴﻧﻮﻴﻟﺍ ﺪﻬــــﻌﻣ ﻩﺪــﻋﺃ ﻱﺬــﻟﺍ ﺮــﻳﺮﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺔــﻨﺠﻠﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻞــﻴﳛ ﻥﺄــﺑ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺇ ﻦـﻋ ﻱﺩﺎـﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔـﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎـﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔـﻤﻈﻨﳌ ﺔﻌﺑﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ .ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ

.E/CN.3/2004/1 * ﻞــﺼﻔﻟﺍ ،(E/2003/24) ٤ ﻢـــﻗﺭ ﻖـﺤﻠﳌﺍ ،٢٠٠٣ ،ﻲﻋﺎـﻤﺘﺟﻻﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﺎـﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺲـﻠﺠﻤﻠﻟ ﺔـــــﻴﲰﺮﻟﺍ ﻖـــــﺋﺎﺛﻮﻟﺍ **

.١ ﺓﺮﻘﻔﻟﺍ ،ﻒﻟﺃ - ﻝﻭﻷﺍ

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2 03-66615

ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﺇ ﻦﻋ ﺮﻳﺮﻘﺗ

ﺰﺟﻮﻣ ﺮـﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﱘﺪـﻘﺗ ﺓﺪـﺤﺘﳌﺍ ﻢـﻣﻸﻟ ﺔﻌﺑﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻟﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﻟ ﺔﺑﺎﺠﺘﺳﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺪﻋﹸﺃ

ﻂﻠـﺴﻳﻭ ﻦـﻫﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﻊـﺿﻮﻠﻟ ﺎـﻔﺻﻭ ﺮـﻳﺮﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻦـﻤﻀﺘﻳﻭ .ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﺇ ﻦﻋ ﻲﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺾــﻌﺑ ﺯﺍﺮـﺑﺇ ﻪـﺗﺍﺫ ﺖـﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻻﻭﺎـﳏ ،ﻝﺎـﻟﻤﺠﺍ ﺍﺬـﻫ ﰲ ﻪـﺟﺍﻮﺗ ﱵـﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺾـﻌﺑ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺀﻮـﻀﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺪﻬـﻌﻣ ﺎـﺘﻧﺎﻣﺃ ﻩﺩﺍﺪـﻋﺇ ﰲ ﺖﻛﺮﺘـﺷﺍ ﺪـﻗﻭ .ﺐـﻳﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﻞﺒﻘﺘـﺴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻌﻗﻮﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍ ﺎـــﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺮـﺋﺍﺩﻭ (ﻮﻜـﺴﻧﻮﻴﻟﺍ) ﺔـﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺔـﻴﺑﺮﺘﻠﻟ ﺓﺪـﺤﺘﳌﺍ ﻢـﻣﻷﺍ ﺔـﻤﻈﻨﳌ ﻊﺑﺎـﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﺋﺎـﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺐـﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎـﺴﲟ ،ﻱﺩﺎـﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔـﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﳌ ﺔﻌﺑﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺮــﻳﺮﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬــﻫ ﺽﺍﺮــﻏﻷ ،ﺎــﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢــﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎــﺼﺣﺈﺑ ﺪــﺼﻘﻳﻭ .ﺔـــﻴﺑﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺎـﻋﺎﻤﺠﻠﻟ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺽﺍﺮﻏﻷ ﺔﻳﺮﺸﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﳌﺍ ﲑﺨﺴﺗﻭ ،ﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍﻭ ،ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﺇ ﻙﺍﺭﺩﺇ ﻡﺎــﳍﺍ ﻦـــﻣﻭ .ﺔـﻴﺋﺎﻴﺣﻷﺍ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﱪـﻟﺍ ﱄﺎـﳎ ﺎـﻀﻳﺃ ﻝﻭﺎـﻨﺘﺗ ﺔـﺸﻗﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﺖﻧﺎـﻛ ﻥﺇﻭ ﺕﺍﺀﺎــﺼﺣﺇ ﻞﻤـــﺸﻳ ﻥﺃ ﻦـﻜﳝ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻠﻟ ﻊـﺳﻭﺃ ﻒـﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﺀﺎـﻄﻋﺈﻓ ،ﺮـﻳﺮﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬـﻫ ﻕﺎـﻄﻧ ﻲـﻫﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻴـﺴﻨﳉﺍ ﺓﺩﺪـﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻛﺮـﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﻄـﺸﻧﺃ ﻭﺃ ﻡﻮـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻢـﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﳎ .ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻠﻟ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﻀﻳﺃ ﺔﻴﳘﺃ ﺐﺴﺘﻜﺗ ﺕﻻﺎﳎ

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03-66615 3

ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﶈﺍ

ﺕﺍﺮﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻟﺍ

. . . ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ - ﻻﻭﺃ ١

٤

. . . ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﺇ ﻝﺎﳎ ﰲ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ - ﺎﻴﻧﺎﺛ ١٩-٢

٤

. . . ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﰲ ﻢﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ - ﻒﻟﺃ ٥-٢

٤

. . . ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﻺﻟ ﻮﻜﺴﻧﻮﻴﻟﺍ ﺪﻬﻌﻣ - ﺀﺎﺑ ١٠-٦

٦

. . . ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ - ﻢﻴﺟ ١٣-١١

٧

. . . ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺪﻋﺍﻮﻗﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﻮﺸﻨﳌﺍ - ﻝﺍﺩ ١٩-١٤

٨

. . . ﺔﻠﺒﻘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳊﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ - ﺎﺜﻟﺎﺛ ٣٩-٢٠

١٠

. . . ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﺇ - ﻒﻟﺃ ٢٤-٢١

١١

. . . .ﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺞﺗﺍﻮﻧ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﻣ - ﺀﺎﺑ ٣٠-٢٥

١٣

. . . ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻴﺣﻷﺍ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ - ﻢﻴﺟ ٣١

١٦

. . . ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻮﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﳎ ﰲ ﺔﻳﺮﺸﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﳌﺍ - ﻝﺍﺩ ٣٧-٣٢

١٦

. . . ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺓﺭﺪﻘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺑ - ﺀﺎﻫ ٣٩-٣٨

١٨

. . . ﺔﲤﺎﺧ - ﺎﻌﺑﺍﺭ ٤٣-٤٠

١٩

ﻖﻓﺮﳌﺍ . . . ﺔﻠﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻖﺋﺎﺛﻮﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﳌﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﻷﺍ ٢١

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٤ ٠٣-٦٦٦١٥

ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ

^–

ﻻﻭﺃ

ﰲ ﺕﺍﺭﻮـﻄﺘﻟﺍ ﲑـﺛﺄﺗ ﺔـﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻢﻬـﻔﻟ ﺔـﲰﺎﺣ ﺔـﻴﳘﺃ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﺇ ﻲﺴﺘﻜﺗ - ١ ﻲـﻀﺘﻘﻳﻭ .ﱂﺎـﻌﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺍﲑـﺒﻛ ﺎـﺗﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺘﻳ ﲑﺛﺄﺗ ﻮﻫﻭ ،ﺎﺗﻬﺍﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﻟﻤﺠﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﲔﻟﺎﻟﻤﺠﺍ ﻦﻳﺬﻫ ﺔـﻴﺋﺎﻴﺣﻷﺍ ﻡﻮـﻠﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺎـﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗ ﰲ ﺯﺮـﶈﺍ ﻡﺪﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﻪﻀﻌﺑ ﺞﺗﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﲑﻐﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﲑﺗﻭ ﻉﺭﺎﺴﺗ ﱃﺇ ﺎــﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـــﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﺎـﳎ ﰲ ﺓﺪـﻳﺪﳉﺍ ﺕﺎـﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻨﺘـﺳﺍ ﻞـﻔﻜﺗ ﻥﺃ ﺔـﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﻢـﻈﻨﻟﺍ ﻦـﻣ ﻑﺍﺪـﻫﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ّﺐﺼﻧﺍ ﺪﻗﻭ .ﺕﺍﲑﻐﺗ ﻦﻣ ﺙﺪﳛ ﺎﲟ ﺎﻴﻋﻭ ﺍﺮﺜﻛﺃ ﺭﻮﻬﻤﳉﺍ ﻞﻌﲡ ﻥﺃﻭ ،ﺔﻟﺩﺃ ﺎﻬــﺴﻔﻨﻟ ﺍﺪـﻨﻛ ﺕﺩﺪـﺣ ،ﻝﺎـﺜﳌﺍ ﻞﻴﺒـﺳ ﻰـﻠﻋ .ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺇ ﱃﺇ ﺪﻨﺘـﺴﺗ ﺔـﻴﺒﻳﺮﲡ ﺔﺒـﺴﻧ) ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚـﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﺜﻛ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻦﻣ ﻞﺋﺍﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﺴﻤﳋﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺢﺒﺼﺗ ﻥﺃ ﰲ ﻞﺜﻤﺘﻳ ﺎﻓﺪﻫ ﺎـﻓﺪﻫ ﰊﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺩﺎـﲢﻻﺍ ﺩﺪـﺣﻭ ٢٠١٠ ﻡﺎـﻋ ﻝﻮــﻠﲝ (ﱄﺎﲨﻹﺍ ﻲﻠﶈﺍ ﺞﺗﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻩﺬــﻫ ﺪــﻳﺪﲢ ﻥﺃ ﺪــﻴﺑ .ﺪــﻋﻮﳌﺍ ﺲــﻔﻧ ﻝﻮــﻠﲝ ﺔـــﺋﺎﳌﺍ ﰲ ٣ ﺎـﻫﺭﺪﻗ ﺔـﻓﺎﺜﻛ ﺔﺒـﺴﻧ ﻍﻮـﻠﺑ ﰲ ﻞـﺜﻤﺘﻳ ﻥﺍﺪـﻠﺒﻠﻟ ﺓﺪـﺤﺘﳌﺍ ﻢـﻣﻷﺍ ﺕﺩﺪـﺣ ،ﺔﻨـﺳ ٣٠ ﻦـﻣ ﺮﺜـﻛﺃ ﻞـﺒﻘﻓ .ﺪـﻳﺪﳉﺍ ﺮــــــﻣﻷﺎﺑ ﺲﻴﻟ ﻑﺍﺪـــﻫﻷﺍ

(١)ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚـﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﱄﺎـﲨﻹﺍ ﻲﻠﶈﺍ ﺎﻬﲡﺎﻧ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺋﺎﳌﺍ ﰲ ٠,٥ ﻕﺎﻔﻧﺇ ﰲ ﻞﺜﻤﺘﻳ ﺎﻓﺪﻫ ﺔﻴﻣﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﻖﺋﺎـﺛﻭ ﰲ ﻥﺍﺩﺮـﺗ ﻥﻻﺍﺰـﺗ ﻻ ﻥﺎﺘﺒـﺴﻧ ﺎـﳘﻭ ،^(٢)ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺋﺎﳌﺍ ﰲ ١ ﻭ ﰲ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺇ ﺭﺪـﺼﺗ ﻥﺃ ﻑﺍﺪـﻫﻷﺍ ﻩﺬـﻫ ﺐﻠﻄﺘﺗﻭ .ﻲﻣﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﱂﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺎـﻤﻴﻓ ﺔـﺴﻧﺎﺠﺘﻣ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻊـﻤﺠﻓ .ﱄﻭﺪـﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﻌﺼﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﻥﺃﻭ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﺎــﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢــﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎــﺼﺣﺇ ﻢﻴﻫﺎـــﻔﻣ ﻝﺎﻤﻜﺘـﺳﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺮـﺿ ﺐﺒـﺴﺑ ﺐـﻌﺻ ﺮـﻣﺃ ﺭﺎـﻄﻗﻷﺍ ﲔـﺑ ﺪـﻗ ﱵـﻟﺍ ﺔﺌـﺷﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺩﺎﻴﳌﺍ ﻞﻤﺸﺘﻟ ﺔﻤﻈﺘﻨﻣ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﺑ ﺎﺗﻬﺎﻴﺠﻬﻨﻣﻭ ﺎﺗﻬﺎﻔﻴﻨﺼﺗﻭ ﻦﻳﺩﺎـــﻴﳌﺍ ﻦـﻣ ﺪـﻳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺇ ﺫﺇ ﺎـﻤﻗﺎﻔﺗ ﺩﺍﺩﺰـﻳ ﻞﻜـﺸﳌﺍ ﺍﺬـﻫﻭ .ﺔـﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺮـﻃﻷﺍ ﻊـﻣ ﺔﻟﻮﻬـﺴﺑ ﻡﺀﺍﻮـﺘﺗ ﻻ ﺔــــﻴﺋﺎﻴﺣﻷﺍ ﺎــﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻞــﻴﺒﻗ ﻦــﻣ) ﺓﺩﺪــﻌﺘﻣ ﺕﺎــﺼﺼﲣ ﻰــﻠﻋ ﻱﻮــﻄﻨﻳ ﺔــﻴﳘﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺓﺪــﻳﺪﳉﺍ .(ﺮﻐﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻨﺘﳌﺍ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ

ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﺇ ﻝﺎﳎ ﰲ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ

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ﺎﻴﻧﺎﺛ

ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﰲ ﻢﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ

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ﻒﻟﺃ

ﰲ ﺔــﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎـﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔـﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﰲ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺈﺑ ﺔـﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﻝﺎـﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻢـﺘﺗ - ٢ ﺎﻬـﻘﻳﺮﻓ ﻝﻼـﺧ ﻦـﻣ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺔﻴﻨﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﺖﲢ ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﳌﺍ ﺍﺬـﻫ ﺱﺃﺮـﻳﻭ .ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮـﺷﺆﲟ ﲔــﻴﻨﻌﳌﺍ ﲔﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﱪﳋﺍ ﻖﻳﺮﻓ ﻰﻋﺪﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢـﻫ ،ﺏﺍﻮـﻧ ﺔـﻌﺑﺭﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻒﻟﺄﺘﻳ ﺐﺘﻜﻣ ﻩﺪﻋﺎﺴﻳﻭ ،(ﺔﻳﺪﻨﻜﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﻛﻭ) ﺖﻟﻮﻏ ﺪﻳﺮﻓ ﻖﻳﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﻝﺭﺎـــﻛﻭ ،(ﺔـﻴﻜﻳﺮﻣﻷﺍ ﺓﺪـﺤﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎـﻳﻻﻮﻟﺍ) ﺔـﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﻡﻮـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺔـﺴﺳﺆﻣ ﻦـﻣ ﻥﻮـﺴﻟﺭﺎﻛ ﺍﺪـﻨﻴﻟ :ﺎـﻴﻟﺎﺣ ،(ﺎـﻴﻟﺎﻄﻳﺇ) ﲏﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﺙﻮﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺲﻠﳎ ﻦﻣ ﻲﻠﻳﺮﺳ ﻮﻴﺟﺭﻮﺟﻭ ،(ﺔﻳﻭﺎﺴﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﻛﻭ) ﻥﺎﻤﺴﻣ

(5)

٠٣-٦٦٦١٥ ٥

ﱄﺎـــﻌﻟﺍ ﻢـﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚـﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﱄﺎـﳎ ﰲ ﺕﺎـﺳﺍﺭﺪﻠﻟ ﻲﳚﻭﺮﻨـﻟﺍ ﺪﻬـﻌﳌﺍ ﻦـﻣ ،ﺱﻮـﻣ - ﻲـﻠﻳﻭ ﱳـﺴﻳﺮﻛﻭ ﻥﺍﺪـﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔـﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎـﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔـﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﺔـﻧﺎﻣﺃ ﻊـﻣ ﻥﻭﺎـﻌﺘﻟﺎﺑ ،ﲔﺘﻨـﺳ ﻞﻛ ﺐﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﻡﻮﻘﻳﻭ .(ﺞﻳﻭﺮﻨﻟﺍ) ﺔـﻴﻨﻌﳌﺍ ﺔـﻨﺠﻠﻟ ﻡﺎـﻌﻟﺍ ﻞـﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎـﻧﺮﺑ ﰲ ﺎﻬـﺟﺍﺭﺩﺇ ﻦﻜﳝ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻊﻳﺭﺎﺸﳌﺎﺑ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﻊﺿﻮﺑ ،ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻦـﻣ ﻁﺎﺸﻧ ﻞﻛ ﺶﻗﺎﻨﻳ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻊﻳﺭﺎﺸﳌﺍ ﺽﺍﺮﻌﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻟﺍ ﻡﻮﻘﺗﻭ .ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻊﻳﺭﺎــﺸﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻔﺋﺎﻃ ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻞﻤﺸﻳﻭ .ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺐﺴﺣ ﻊﻳﺭﺎﺸﳌﺍ ﺐﺗﺮﺗﻭ ﺔﺣﺮﺘﻘﳌﺍ ﺔﻄﺸﻧﻷﺍ ﺎــﻳﺎﻀﻗ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺎـﻘﻠﻄﻣ ﺍﺰﻴـﻛﺮﺗ ﺰـﻛﺮﺗ ﱵـﻟﺍ ﻚـﻠﺗﻭ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺰـﻛﺮﺗ ﱵـﻟﺍ ﻚـﻠﺗ ﲔـﺑ ﺡﻭﺍﺮﺘـﺗ ﺔـﻴﻓﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﻮـﳌﺍ ﺕﺮـﻓﺍﻮﺗ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻻﺇ ﺎـﻴﻧﺪﻟﺍ ﺔـﻳﻮﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻝﺎـﻤﻋﻷﺎﺑ ﻊـﻠﻄﻀُﻳ ﻻﻭ .ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﻄــﺸﻧﻷﺍ ﺕﺭﺪــﺼﺗ (٢٠٠٤-٢٠٠٣ ﻭ ٢٠٠٢-٢٠٠١) ،ﻞــﻤﻋ ﻲﳎﺎـــﻧﺮﺑ ﺮـﺧﺁ ﰲﻭ .ﻚـﻟﺬﻟ .ﺓﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﺑ ﺕﺎﻳﻮﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﻢﹼﻠﺳ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺔﻨــﺴﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺓﺮـــﻣ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮـﺷﺆﲟ ﲔـﻴﻨﻌﳌﺍ ﲔـﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﱪـﳋﺍ ﻖـﻳﺮﻓ ﻊـﻤﺘﳚﻭ - ٣ ﻉﺎـﻤﺘﺟﻻ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﻻﺍ ﲔﺑ ﺔﻠﺻﺎﻔﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﺘﻔﻟﺍ ﰲ ﲔﺘﻘﻠﺣ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻘﻠﺣ ﺪﻘﻌﺗﻭ ﺓﲑـﺧﻷﺍ ﻊـﺑﺭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﻮﻨـﺴﻟﺍ ﻯﺪـﻣ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻖـﻳﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﺏﺃﺩ ،ﻚـﻟﺫ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺓﻭﻼـﻋﻭ .ﻪـﺘﺌﻴﻫ ﻞﻣﺎﻜﺑ ﻖﻳﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﺎــﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﺎــﳎ ﰲ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﻘﺘــﺳﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺠﻬــﻨﻣﻭ ﺕﺎـــﻔﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻊـﺿﻮﻟ ﺺـﺼﳐ ﻉﺎـﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺪـﻘﻋ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻰــﻠﻋ ﻥﻮﻜﻴــﺳ ،ﺎــﺴﻣﺎﺧ ﺎــﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺺــﺼﺨﳌﺍ ﻖـــﻳﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﺍﺬـﻫ ﺪﻘﻌﻴـﺳ ٢٠٠٤ ﻡﺎـﻋ ﰲﻭ ﺔـﻴﺋﺎﻴﺣﻷﺍ ﺕﺎـﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻝﺎـﻤﻋﺃ ﻝﻭﺪـﺟ ﰲ ﻉﻮـﺿﻮﳌﺍ ﺍﺬـﻫ ﺝﺭﺪـﻳ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻗﻮﺘﳌﺍ ﻦﻣﻭ ،ﺎﻴﻣﺎﺘﺧ ﺎﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺢﺟﺭﻷﺍ .ﺔﻳﺩﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻖﻳﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﺎــﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔــﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﰲ ﺍﻮــﻀﻋ ﺍﺪــﻠﺑ ٣٠ ﻦــﻣ ﻥﻮـــﺑﻭﺪﻨﻣ ﻖـﻳﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﻉﺎـﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻝﺎـﻤﻋﺃ ﺮـﻀﳛﻭ - ٤ ﻞﻴﺋﺍﺮــﺳﺇﻭ ﻲــﺳﻭﺮﻟﺍ ﺩﺎــﲢﻻﺍ ﻲــﻫ) ﺔــﺒﻗﺍﺮﻣ ﻥﺍﺪــﻠﺑ ﺔــﻌﺑﺭﺃ ﻦـــﻣﻭ ﻱﺩﺎـﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔـﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔــﻴﺑﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺎـﻋﺎﻤﺠﻠﻟ ﻲﺋﺎـﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺐـﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﻦـﻣ ﲔـﻠﺜﳑ ﻦـﻋ ﻼـﻀﻓ ،(ﲔـﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﺎـﻴﻘﻳﺮﻓﺃ ﺏﻮـﻨﺟﻭ ﺩﺎـﲢﺍ ﻦـﻋ ﺓﺭﺎـﺒﻋ ﻲـﻫﻭ) ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮـﺷﺆﲟ ﺔـﻴﻨﻌﳌﺍ ﺔـﻴﻤﻴﻠﻗﻹﺍ ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻮﻜﺴﻧﻮﻴﻟﺍﻭ ﻝﻮــﺒﻗ ﺪــﻌﺑﻭ .(ﺔـــﻴﻜﻳﺮﻣﻷﺍ - ﺔـﻳﲑﺒﻳﻹﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮـﺷﺆﻣ ﻲـﺠﺘﻨﻣ ﻢـﻀﻳ ﺔـــﻤﻈﻨﳌ ﺔـــﻌﺑﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺎـــﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـــﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـــﺳﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺔـــﻴﻨﻌﳌﺍ ﺔـــﻨﺠﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺎـــﺒﻗﺍﺮﻣ ﺍﻮــــﻀﻋ ﲔــﺼﻟﺍ ،ﺀﺎــــﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻴﻣ ﰲ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﲔﺑﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺑ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺪﻳﺍﺰﺗ ،ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﺎـــﻗﻭ ،ﺮﻬـــﺷﺃ ﺔﺘــــﺳ ﻕﺮﻐﺘــﺴﺗ ﺓﺮﺘــﻔﻟ ﺐــﻳﺭﺪﺘﻟﺍ ﻰــﻘﻠﺘﻴﻟ ﺔــﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺎــﻔﻇﻮﻣ ﲔــﺼﻟﺍ ﺖــﺜﻌﺑ ﺫﺇ ﻒـﺼﻧﻭ ﲔـﻣﻮﻳ ﻕﺮﻐﺘـﺴﺗ ﺔـﻴﺒﻳﺭﺪﺗ ﺓﺭﻭﺩ ﰲ ﺔﻛﺭﺎـﺸﳌﺍ ﺔـﻴﻐﺑ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺓﺭﺎﻳﺰﺑ ﺎﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﺇ ﺎﻔﻇﻮﻣ ٢٨ ﻢـــﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﺎـــﳎ ﰲ ﲔـــﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـــﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺕﺮـــﺸﻧﻭ ،٢٠٠٢ ﺮـــﺑﻮﺘﻛﺃ/ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻦﻳﺮــــﺸﺗ ﺮﻬــﺷ ﰲ ﻡﻮــﻴﻟﺍ ﻢــﻠﻌﻠﻟ ﺔﻴــﺴﻴﺋﺮﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮــﺷﺆﳌﺍ“ ﺭﻮــﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﻬــﻴﻓ ﺎــﲟ ،ﺔــﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻮـــﺸﻨﻣ ﻒـﻠﺘﳐ ﰲ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ٣٠ ﺓﺮﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ) (STI Scoreboard) ”ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ“ ﺓﺮﺸﻧﻭ ”ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ .(ﻩﺎﻧﺩﺃ

(6)

٦ ٠٣-٦٦٦١٥

ﺕﺍﺩﺎـﲢﻼﻟ ﻲﺋﺎـﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺐـﺘﻜﳌﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﻖﺴﻨﺗﻭ - ٥ ﺎﻤﻬـﺘﻳﻮﻀﻌﻟ ﺍﺮـﻈﻧ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺇ ﻝﺎـﳎ ﰲ ﻖـﻴﺛﻭ ﻮـﳓ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﳍﺎﻤﻋﺃ ﺔﻴﺑﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﻞـﻴﺒﻗ ﻦـﻣ ﻊﻳﺭﺎـﺸﳌﺍ ﻦـﻣ ﺩﺪـﻋ ﰲ ﻥﺎﻧﻭﺎﻌﺘﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﻤﻈﻨﳌﺎﻓ ،ﺎﻤﺗﻬﺎﻣﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﲔﺑ ﻂﺑﺍﺮﺗ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻟﻭ ﺔﻛﺮﺘﺸﳌﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘـﺳﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻬـﺘﳉﺎﻌﻣﻭ ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻊﲨﻭ ،ﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻗ ﻥﺄﺸﺑ ﻮﻠﺳﻭﺃ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺗ ﺕﺪــﻛﺃ ﺪـــﻗﻭ .ﺓﺩﺪـﳏ ﻊـﻴﺿﺍﻮﲟ ﺔـﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﻝﺎـﻤﻋﻷﺎﺑ ﻊـﻓﺪﻠﻟ ﻯﺮـﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺎـﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻦـﻣ ﺎﻤﻬـﻨﻣ ﻞـﻛ ﻮﻜـﺴﻧﻮﻴﻟﺍ ﺪﻬـﻌﻣ ﻊـﻣ ﺎـﻧﻬﻭﺎﻌﺗ ﺍﺮـﺧﺆﻣ ﺪـﻳﺪﺟ ﻦـﻣ ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﲔـﺗﺮﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﺮـﻈﻧﺍ) ﺪﻬـﻌﳌﺍ ﺎـﻫﺍﺮﺟﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻟﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺎﺸﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺓﻮﻘﺑ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﺖﻛﺭﺎﺷ ﺫﺇ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﻺﻟ ﲑﺨـﺴﺗ ﻥﺄـﺸﺑ ﻙﺮﺘـﺸﻣ ﻉﻭﺮـﺸﻣ ﻑﺎـﺸﻜﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺎـﻴﻟﺎﺣ ﻮﻜــﺴﻧﻮﻴﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﻡﻮﻘﺗﻭ .(ﻩﺎﻧﺩﺃ ٧ ﻭ ٦ .ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺽﺍﺮﻏﻷ ﺔﻳﺮﺸﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﳌﺍ

ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﻺﻟ ﻮﻜﺴﻧﻮﻴﻟﺍ ﺪﻬﻌﻣ - ﺀﺎﺑ

ﻢـﺴﻗ ﻦـﻣ ﻢـﻋﺪﺑ ،ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﻺﻟ ﻮﻜـﺴﻧﻮﻴﻟﺍ ﺪﻬـﻌﻣ ﻯﺮﺟﺃ ،٢٠٠٣ ﻭ ٢٠٠٢ ﻲﻣﺎﻋ ﰲ - ٦ ﺔﻴﻨﻴﺗﻼﻟﺍ ﺎﻜﻳﺮﻣﺃ ﰲ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻮﻠﻌﻠﻟ ﻲﻤﻴﻠﻗﻹﺍ ﺐﺘﻜﳌﺍﻭ ﻡﻮﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﳎ ﰲ ﺕﺎﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺔـﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﻝﺎـﳎ ﰲ ﺕﺎـﻳﻮﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺚـﺤﺒﻟ ﺎﻔﺜﻜﻣ ﺎﻴﻟﻭﺩ ﺎﺿﺍﺮﻌﺘﺳﺍ ،ﱯﻳﺭﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣﻭ ﻂــــﻴﻄﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﻢـــﻋﺩ ﻞـــﺟﺃ ﻦـــﻣ ﺎـــﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـــﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﱄﺎـــﳎ ﰲ ﺕﺎـــﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺕﺎـــﺟﺎﻴﺘﺣﻻﺍﻭ .ﻮﻜﺴﻧﻮﻴﻠﻟ ﻲﺠﻴﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺎـﻧﻬﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺔـﻗﺭﻭ ﺩﺍﺪـﻋﺇ ﻦـﻣ ﺪﻬـﻌﳌﺍ ﻦـﻜﻣ ﺎـﳑ ،ﺍﺪـﺟ ﺔـﻴﺑﺎﳚﺇ ﺓﺭﻭﺎﺸﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﺑﺎﺠﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺖﻧﺎﻛﻭ - ٧ ﺖـﻋﺯﻭ ”ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺇ ﰲ ﻯﺪﳌﺍ ﺓﺪﻴﻌﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻄﺳﻮﺘﳌﺍﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﻮﻔﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻴﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﻻﺍ“

ﰲ ﺖـﺸﻗﻮﻧﻭ ،ﺎﻬـﻴﻠﻋ ﺕﺎـﻘﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻦـﻣ ﺪـﻳﺰﻣ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻝﻮـﺼﺤﻠﻟ ﺎﻬـﺟﺭﺎﺧﻭ ﻮﻜـﺴﻧﻮﻴﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺕﺎـﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﺭﻮـﻈﻨﻣ ﻦـﻣ ﺔـﻔﻠﺘﳐ ﺕﺎـﻣﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻥﺍﺪـﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﻦـﻣ ﺔﻔﺋﺎﻃ ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﺖﻴﻋﺩ ﺀﺍﱪﺨﻠﻟ ﻉﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﱵـﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻮﻠﻌﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺕﻻﺎﻟﻤﺠﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺛﻮﻟﺍ ﻒﺼﺗﻭ .ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻦـــﻳﺪﻴﻌﺼﻟﺍ ﻰــﻠﻋ ﺔــﺑﻮﻠﻄﳌﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﻮــﳌﺍ ﺓﺎــﻋﺍﺮﻣ ﻊــﻣ ﺎﻬــﻨﻋ ﺕﺍﺮــﺷﺆﻣ ﲑــﻓﻮﺗﻭ ﻊــﲨ ﺪﻬــﻌﳌﺍ ﺡﺮﺘــﻘﻳ ﰲ ﺀﺎــﻀﻋﻷﺍ ﻝﻭﺪــﻠﻟ ﺖــﺤﻴﺗﺃ ﱵــﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـــﻗﺭﻮﻟﺍ ﻯﺪـﺣﺇ ﺔـﻗﺭﻮﻟﺍ ﻩﺬـﻫ ﺖﻧﺎـﻛﻭ .ﱄﻭﺪـﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺮـﻄﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎــﺴﻠﺟ ﻯﺪـــﺣﺇ ﺱﺮـﻛ ﻱﺬـﻟﺍ ﲑـﺧﻷﺍ ﻡﺎـﻌﻟﺍ ﺎـﻫﺮﲤﺆﻣ ﰲ ﺔـﻟﻭﺩ ١٩٠ ﺎـﻫﺩﺪﻋ ﻎﻟﺎـﺒﻟﺍ ﻮﻜـﺴﻧﻮﻴﻟﺍ .٢٠٠٥-٢٠٠٤ ﺓﺮﺘﻔﻠﻟ ﻪﳎﺍﺮﺑﻭ ﺪﻬﻌﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﳌ ﺮﻬﻈﻟﺍ ﺪــﻌﺑ ﺎﻣ ﺔﻳﺮـﺸﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﳌﺎـﺑ ﺔـﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺔﺟﺎﳊﺍ ﰲ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﳌﺍ ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﻞﺜﻤﺘﺗﻭ - ٨ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﻣ“ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻈﻧ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﰲ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﻊﻣ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﳎ ﰲ ﺔﻴﺴﺳﺆﳌﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳌﺍﻭ ﺾــﻌﺑ ﰲ ﺮــﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚــﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻝﺎـــﺠﲟ ﺔـﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻊـﲨ ﻥﺈـﻓ ﺢـﺟﺭﻷﺍ ﻰـﻠﻋﻭ .”ﺕﻼـﺧﺪﳌﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﻢـﺘﺗﻬﻭ .ﺎﻗﺎﻄﻧ ﻊﺳﻭﻷﺍ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺠﲟ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﲨ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺴﻳﺃ ﻥﺍﺪﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﺭﺎـﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺱﺎـﻴﻘﻟ ﺓﺪـﻤﺘﻌﳌﺍ ﺔـﻴﻟﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮـﺷﺆﳌﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺠﻬﻨﳌﺍ ﻒﻴﻴﻜﺘﺑ ﻕﺎﻄﻨﻟﺍ ﻊﺳﺍﻭ ﺎﻣﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺔﻴﻣﺎﻨﻟﺍ

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ﻞﻤــﺸﻳ ﺭﺎــﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻢﻬـــﻔﻳ ﻥﺃ ﻞـﻔﻜﺗ ﺚـﻴﲝ ﺕﺍﺬﻟﺎـﺑ ﺎـﺗﻬﺎﺟﺎﻴﺘﺣﻻ ﺩﺎـﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺕﺎـﻋﺎﻄﻗ ﺔـﻓﺎﻛ ﰲ ﺪﻬــــﻌﳌﺍ ﺞﻣﺎــﻧﺮﺑ ﺔــﻳﻮﻟﻭﺃ ﻲــﻫ ﻩﺬــﻫﻭ .ﺓﺮــﻜﺘﺒﳌﺍ ﺕﺎــﺠﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﻦــﻋ ﻼــﻀﻓ ،ﺔــﻳﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺕﺎــﻘﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮــﺷﺆﻣ“ ﻊــﺿﻮﺑ ﻡﺎــﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺔــﻤﺜﻓ ،ﺪــﻴﻌﺒﻟﺍ ﻯﺪـــﳌﺍ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺎـﻣﺃ .ﻂـﺳﻮﺘﳌﺍ ﻯﺪـﳌﺍ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻲﺋﺎـﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺔـﻴﻟﺎﳊﺍ ﺱﺎـﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻦـﻣ ﺪـﻳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﰲ ﲎـﻏﻷﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﱀﺎﺼﻟ ﺰﻴﲢ ﻦﻣ ﻆﺣﻼﻳ ﺎﻣ ﻢﻏﺭ ”ﺞﺗﺍﻮﻨﻟﺍ ﻰــﻠﻋ ﺰـﻛﺮﺗ ﺞـﻣﺍﺮﺑ ﻊـﺿﻭ ﻯﻭﺪـﺟ ﺔـﺸﻗﺎﻨﻣ ﺪﻬـﻌﳌﺍ ﻞﺻﺍﻮﻴـﺳﻭ .ﺕﺍﺀﺍﱪـﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺑﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﻮـﺸﻨﳌﺎﻛ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻮﻠﻌﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﻻﺍ ﺭﺎﺛﻵﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻗ ﻕﻮﻌﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﳌﺍ ﻞﻛﺎﺸﳌﺍ ﺔﳉﺎﻌﳌ ﺮﻘﻓﻷﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻠﺒﻟﺍ .ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﺤﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻋﺍﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﳎ ﰲ ﺕﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻮﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﻐﺘﺳﺍ ﻕﺮﻃ ﺚﲝﻭ ﺬـﻨﻣ ﺀﺎـﻀﻋﻷﺍ ﺎـﻧﻬﺍﺪﻠﺑ ﻦـﻣ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺇ ﻊـﻤﲡ ﻮﻜﺴﻧﻮﻴﻟﺍ ﺖﻠﻇ ﺪﻗﻭ - ٩ ﺎـﻤﻛ ،ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻊـﲨ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺮـﺟﺇﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻟﺁ ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺗ ﺎﻴﻟﺎﺣ ﻱﺮﳚﻭ .ﻲﺿﺎﳌﺍ ﻥﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺕﺎﻨﻴﺘﺴﻟﺍ ﺮﺧﺍﻭﺃ ﻱﺩﺎــﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪــﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔــﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎــﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔــﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﻊــﻣ ﺕﺎــﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻝﺩﺎـــﺒﺘﻟ ﺕﺎـﻗﺎﻔﺗﺍ ﻊـﺿﻭ ﻱﺮـﳚ ﻢــــﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮـــﺷﺆﲟ ﺔـــﻴﻨﻌﳌﺍ ﺔـــﻴﻤﻴﻠﻗﻹﺍ ﺔﻜﺒـــﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﺔـــﻴﺑﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺎـــﲢﻼﻟ ﻲﺋﺎـــﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺐـــﺘﻜﳌﺍﻭ .ﻥﺍﺪﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﰲ ﲔﺒﻴﻟﻤﺠﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺐﻌﻟﺍ ﻒﻴﻔﲣﻭ ﺩﻮﻬﳉﺍ ﺭﺍﺮﻜﺗ ﰲﻼﺗ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﱂﺎــﻌﻟﺍ ﻕﺎــﻄﻧ ﻰــﻠﻋ ﺎــﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـــﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺄـﺸﺑ ﺔـﻣﺪﻘﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺔـﻴﻋﻮﻧ ﺰـﻳﺰﻌﺘﻟﻭ - ١٠ ﺔـﻳﺮﻄﻘﻟﺍ ﺔـﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﺽﺍﺮـﻏﻷ ﺔـﻴﻟﺎﻋ ﺔـﻤﻴﻗ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻚـﻠﺗ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﻥﺃ ﺮﻣﻷﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﺘﻴﺳ ﺀﻼـﻳﺇ ﲔﻌﺘﻴـﺳ ،ﻚـﻟﺬﻟﻭ .ﺔـﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﺔـﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﻢﻈﻨﻟﺎـﺑ ﺔـﻴﻟﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﺒﻠﻄﺘﳌﺍ ﻞﲣ ﻻﺃﻭ ﻥﺍﺪﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ .ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘـﺳﺍﻭ ﺕﺎـﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﻞـﻴﻠﲢ ﱄﺎـﳎ ﰲ ﺔـﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺪـﻘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻟ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻳﺰﻣ ﰲ ﻖﻃﺎـﻨﳌﺍ ﺮـﻘﻓﺃ ﰲ ﻞـﺻﺍﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﺸﻧﺃ ﺓﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﱃﺇ ﻰﻌﺴﻳ ﻮﻫﻭ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺍﱪﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺪﻬﻌﳌﺍ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻴﺳﻭ .ﱂﺎﻌﻟﺍ

ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ - ﻢﻴﺟ

ﺚــﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻝﺎــﳎ ﰲ ﺕﺍﺀﺎــﺼﺣﺇ ﻊــﻤﲜ ﺔــﻴﺑﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺎــﲢﻼﻟ ﻲﺋﺎـــﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺐـﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﻡﻮـﻘﻳ - ١١ ﻦـﻣ ﺓﺪﻤﺘـﺴﻣ ﺭﺎـﻜﺘﺑﻻﺎﺑ ﻖـﻠﻌﺘﺗ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺇﻭ ﺎﻳﻮﻨﺳ ﻱﺮﲡ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﻘﺘﺳﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻋ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺀﺎـﻀﻋﻷﺍ ﻝﻭﺪـﻟﺍ ﻦـﻣ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺇﻭ ﺔـﻴﺑﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﲢﻼﻟ ﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺎﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﻘﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﰊﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺩﺎـﲢﻻﺍ ﺔﻳﻮﻀﻌﻟ ﺔﺤﺷﺮﳌﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻠﺒﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺑﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻳﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﳌﺍﻭ ﰊﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺩﺎﲢﻻﺍ ﰲ ﺕﺍﺀﺎــﺼﺣﺈﺑ ﲏــﻌﳌﺍﻭ ﻲﺋﺎــﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺐــﺘﻜﻤﻠﻟ ﻊﺑﺎــﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻣﺎـــﻌﻟﺍ ﻖـﻳﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﻙﺮﺘـﺸﻳﻭ .ﻲـﺳﻭﺮﻟﺍ ﺩﺎـﲢﻻﺍﻭ ﺔـﻴﺠﻬﻨﳌﺍ ﻝﺎـﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﰲ (ﺔـﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺇ) ﺭﺎـﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺔـﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎـﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔـﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﻊـﻣ ﺎـﻘﻴﺛﻭ ﺎـﻧﻭﺎﻌﺗ ﻥﻭﺎـﻌﺘﻳ ﻮﻬـﻓ .ﻦﻳﺩﺎـﻴﳌﺍ ﻒـﻠﺘﳐ ﰲ ﺎﺑﻬ ﻊﻠﻄﻀُﻳ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺢــﻴﻘﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺔـﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﰲ ﺔـﻳﻮﻗ ﺔﻛﺭﺎـﺸﻣ ﻙﺭﺎـﺸﻳﻭ ﻮﻠـﺳﻭﺃ ﻞـﻴﻟﺪﻟ ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺢـﻴﻘﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻱﺩﺎـﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻴﳌﺍ ﻦــﻣ ﺪـﻳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺭﺎـﻜﺘﺑﻻﺎﺑ ﺔـﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﻘﺘـﺳﻻﺍ ﺔـﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺓﺪـﻤﺘﻌﳌﺍ ﺔـﻴﺠﻬﻨﳌﺍ ﺪﻨﺘـﺴﺗﻭ .ﺔـﻳﺭﺎﳉﺍ ﺎــــﻫﺪﻌﻳ ﱵــﻟﺍ ،ﺔــﻴﺑﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺎــﲢﻼﻟ ﺭﺎــﻜﺘﺑﻻﺎﺑ ﺔــﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﻘﺘــﺳﻻﺍ ﺕﺎــﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻥﺍﺪــﻠﺒﻟﺍ

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ﺔـﻳﲑﻀﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﺎـﻤﻋﻷﺎﺑ ﻼـﻌﻓ ﻉﻭﺮـﺸﻟﺍ ﰎ ﺪﻗﻭ .ﺔﻴﺑﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﲢﻼﻟ ﻲﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺐﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﺎﻬﻘﺴﻨﻳﻭ .ﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﻥﺄﺸﺑ ﻊﺑﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﳉﺍ ﺀﺎﺼﻘﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺀﺍﺮﺟﻹ ﻲﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺐﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﻮﻘﻴﺳ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺚـﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺈﺑ ﺔـﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺔـﻴﻤﻴﻠﻗﻹﺍ ﺐـﻧﺍﻮﳉﺍ ﻦـﻋ ﻼـﻴﻟﺩ ﻲﺋﺎـﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺐﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﻊﺿﻭﻭ - ١٢ ﺕﺎـــﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ ﺕﺎـﺼﺼﺨﲟ ﺔـﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻊـﻤﳉ ﺔـﻴﻬﻴﺟﻮﺗ ﺉﺩﺎـﺒﻣ ﻊـﺿﻭﻭ ﺭﺎـﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍﻭ ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻙﺭﺎـﺷﻭ .ﰐﺎﻜـﺳﺍﺮﻓ ﻞـﻴﻟﺩ ﻦـﻣ ﺔﻘﺑﺎـﺴﻟﺍ ﺔـﻌﺒﻄﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮـﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺒﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﻤﻜﳌﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻠﻟ ﰲ ﻱﺩﺎـﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔـﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎـﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻄﺸﻧ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﺎﻀﻳﺃ ﻲﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺐﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﻊــﲨ ﱃﺇ ﺎﻗﺎﺒـﺳ ﻥﺎـﻛﻭ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﺎـﳎ ﰲ ﺔﻳﺮـﺸﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﻮـﳌﺍ ﻥﺄـﺸﺑ ﺍﱪـﻧﺎﻛ ﻞـﻴﻟﺩ ﻊـﺿﻭ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﻘﺘــﺳﻻﺍ ﺔــﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﻰــﻠﻋ ﺎـــﺳﺎﺳﺃ ﺩﺎﻨﺘـﺳﻻﺎﺑ) ﻞـﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ ﻚـﻟﺫ ﻊـﻣ ﺎﻴـﺸﲤ ﺎﻫﺮـﺸﻧﻭ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﻹﺍ .(ﺔﻠﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻯﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﺑﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﲢﻼﻟ ﺝﺎـﺘﻧﺇ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺎـﺗﻬﺭﺪﻗ ﺪـﻴﻌﺑ ﺪـﺣ ﱃﺇ ﱂﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﺖﻨﺴﺣ ،ﺓﲑﺧﻷﺍ ﺔﻧﻭﻵﺍ ﰲﻭ - ١٣ - ﺔـــﻳﲑﺒﻳﻹﺍ ﺔﻜﺒـﺸﻟﺍ ﺕﺮـﺷﺎﺑ ،ﺔـﻴﻨﻴﺗﻼﻟﺍ ﺎـﻜﻳﺮﻣﺃ ﻲـﻔﻓ .ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﺎـﳎ ﰲ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺇ ﺞﻣﺎـﻧﱪﻟﺍ ﺔـﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﺖـﲢ ،١٩٩٥ ﻡﺎـﻋ ﰲ ﺎﻬﺘﻄﺸﻧﺃ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﲟ ﺔﻴﻨﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﻜﻳﺮﻣﻷﺍ ﺎﻬــﻓﺪﻫ ﻦــﻤﻜﻳﻭ .ﺔـــﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺽﺍﺮـﻏﻷ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﲑﺨـﺴﺘﺑ ﲏـﻌﳌﺍ ﻲـﻜﻳﺮﻣﻷﺍ - ﻱﲑـﺒﻳﻹﺍ ﺔــﻘﻄﻨﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺎﻬـــﻠﻴﻠﲢﻭ ﺕﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻮـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺱﺎـﻴﻘﻟ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻊـﺿﻭ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻊﻴﺠـﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻲـﺴﻴﺋﺮﻟﺍ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘـﺳﺍﻭ ﻞﻀﻓﺃ ﻮﳓ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻤﻬﻔﻟ ،ﱄﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﰲ ،ﺔﻴﻜﻳﺮﻣﻷﺍ - ﺔﻳﲑﺒﻳﻹﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺎـﺑ ﺔـﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﻊـﻤﲜ ﺔﻜﺒـﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﻮﻘﺗﻭ .ﺭﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﺫﺎﲣﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﰲ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻪﺟﻭ ﻞﻤﻛﺃ ﺎـﻀﻳﺃ ﻙﺭﺎـﺸﺗﻭ ،ﺎﻫﺮﺸﻧﻭ ﱯﻳﺭﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻴﺗﻼﻟﺍ ﺎﻜﻳﺮﻣﺃ ﻥﺍﺪﻠﺑ ﻦﻣ ﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ .ﻲﻤﻴﻠﻗﻹﺍ ﺪﻴﻌﺼﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺐﻳﺭﺪﺘﻟﺎﺑﻭ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﳌﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻁﺎﺸﻨﺑ

ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺪﻋﺍﻮﻗﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﻮﺸﻨﳌﺍ - ﻝﺍﺩ

ﺎــﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺄـﺸﺑ ﻱﺩﺎـﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔـﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎـﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔـﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﻮـﺸﻨﻣ - ١٤ ﺔـﻣﺪﳋﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺔﳎﺪﳌﺍ ﺹﺍﺮﻗﻷﺍ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻋ) ﺎﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺓﺮﻓﺍﻮﺘﻣﻭ ﺔﻋﻮﺒﻄﻣ ﺦﺴﻧ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺣﺎﺘﻣ ﺕﺍﺮـﺷﺆﳌﺍ ﺭﻮـﺸﻨﻣ :ﺕﺍﺭﻮـﺸﻨﳌﺍ ﻩﺬـﻫ ﻞﻤـﺸﺗﻭ .ﺎﺗﻬﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺪﻋﺍﻮﻗ ﺲﻜﻌﺗﻭ (^SourceOECD ﺔﻧﻮﻨﻌﳌﺍ ﺚـﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻦـﻋ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻦﻤﻀﺘﻳﻭ ﺔﻨﺴﻟﺍ ﰲ ﲔﺗﺮﻣ ﺭﺪﺼﻳ ﺭﻮﺸﻨﻣ ﻮﻫﻭ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺋﺮﻟﺍ ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚـﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻦـﻋ ﺔﻴـﺳﺎﺳﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﻹﺍﻭ ؛ﻉﺍﺮﺘـﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺮﺑﻭ ﺔﻳﺮﺸﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﳌﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺎــﺑ ﻖــﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺔــﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﺘــﺳﺍ ﻦــﻣ ﺪﻤﺘــﺴﺗ ﱵـــﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦـﻋ ﺔـﻠﻣﺎﻛ ﻞﻴﺻﺎـﻔﺗ ﻢـﻀﺗ ﱵـﻟﺍ ﺔﺨــﺴﻧ ﰲ ﺭﻮــﺸﻨﳌﺍ ﺍﺬــﻫ ﺭﺪــﺼﻳﻭ ،ﺔــﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﺔــﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺐﺗﺎـــﻜﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻪﻠـﺳﺮﺗ ﻱﺬـﻟﺍ ،ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻄـﺸﻧﺄﺑ ﺔـﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺔـﻴﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗﻭ ؛ﲔﺘﻨﺳ ﻞﻛ ﺔﻋﻮﺒﻄﻣ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﰲﻭ ﺔﻨﺳ ﻞﻛ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺔـــﻧﺎﻣﺃ ﺎـﻫﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﰲ ﻡﻮـﻘﺗ ﺔـﻴﻠﻴﻠﲢ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺓﺪﻋﺎـﻗ ﻲـﻫﻭ ﺔـﻳﺭﺎﺠﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﺴﺳﺆﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚـﺤﺒﻟﺍ

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.ﺔــﻴﲰﺮﻟﺍ ﺕﺎــﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺭﻮــﺼﻘﻟﺍﻭ ﺫﻭﺬــﺸﻟﺍ ﻪــﺟﻭﺃ ﺢـــﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻞـﺟﺃ ﻦـﻣ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻞـﻳﺪﻌﺘﺑ ﺔـﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ .ﺔﻋﻮﺒﻄﻣ ﻯﺮﺧﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﻧﻭﺮﺘﻜﻟﺇ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﰲ ﺔﻨﺳ ﻞﻛ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺭﺪﺼﺗﻭ ﻢــــﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮـــﺷﺆﻣ ﺭﺍﺪﺻﺈـــﺑ ﺔـــﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﻡﻮـــﻘﺗ ،ﺔـــﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻮـــﺸﻨﳌﺍ ﻩﺬـــﻫ ﺐﻧﺎـــﺟ ﱃﺇﻭ - ١٥ ﺔـﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺮـﺸﻧ ﻞـﻴﺒﻗ ﻦـﻣ ﻯﺮـﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻮـﺸﻨﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺩﺪﻋ ﰲ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎـﳎ ﰲ ﻥﺍﺪـﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﻦـﻋ ﺔﻠﻣﺎـﺷ ﺓﺭﻮﺻ ﺀﺎﻄﻋﺇ ﱃﺇ ﺓﺮﺸﻨﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻑﺪﺗﻬﻭ .٢٠٠٣ ﻡﺎﻌﻟ ﻦـﻣ ﺔﺌـﺷﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻗ ﺓﺪﻳﺪﳉﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﳌﺍ ﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘﺗﻭ .ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﳌﻮﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺮﺑ ﻞﺋﺎﺼﻓ ﺱﺎﺳﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻗﻭ ،ﱄﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﻌﺼﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﲔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻙﺍﺮﺣ ﻞﻴﺒﻗ ﰲ ﺔــﺣﺎﺘﳌﺍ ،ﺓﺮـﺸﻨﻟﺍ ﻩﺬـﻫﻭ .ﺮـﻐﺼﻟﺍ ﺔـﻴﻫﺎﻨﺘﳌﺍ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔـﻴﺋﺎﻴﺣﻷﺍ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻉﺍﺮﺘـﺧﻻﺍ ﺔﻜﺒــﺷ ﻰــﻠﻋ ﺎـــﻧﺎﳎ ﺎـﻀﻳﺃ ﺓﺮـﻓﺍﻮﺘﻣ ،^SourceOECD ﺔـﻣﺪﺧ ﻖـﻳﺮﻃ ﻦـﻋﻭ ﺔـﻋﻮﺒﻄﻣ ﺔﺨـﺴﻧ ﻞﻜـﺷ ^(٣)ﺖﻧﺮﺘﻧﻹﺍ .ﻉﺍﺮﺘـﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺮﺑ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﻹ ﺺﺼﳐ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺭﻮﺸﻨﻣ ٢٠٠٣ ﱪﻤﺘﺒﺳ/ﻝﻮﻠﻳﺃ ﰲ ﺭﺪﺻ - ١٦ ﲔـﺒﻴﻟ ﻉﺍﺮﺘـﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺮـﺑ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﻣ ﻒﻠﺘﳐ ﺍﺬﻫ ”ﻉﺍﺮﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺮﺑ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﺇ ﺰﺟﻮﻣ“ ﺽﺮﻌﻳﻭ ﰲ ﺀﺎـﻀﻋﻷﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﻦـﻣ ﺓﲑـﺒﻛ ﺔـﻋﻮﻤﳎ ﻕﺎـﻄﻧ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺔﻄﺸﻧﻷﺍ ﰲ ﺓﲑﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻫﺎﲡﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺇ ﺲـﻜﻌﺗﻭ .ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺀﺎﻀﻋﻷﺍ ﲑﻏ ﻥﺍﺪﻠﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﺐـﻧﺍﻮﳉﺍ ﻦـﻋ ﻼـﻀﻓ ﺕﺎﻛﺮـﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻗﻹﺍ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﳌﺍﻭ ﻥﺍﺪﻠﺒﻠﻟ ﻱﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻉﺍﺮﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺮﺑ ،ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎـﺴﻣﻭ ،ﺭﺎـﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﻝﺎـﳎ ﰲ ﻥﻭﺎـﻌﺘﻟﺍ) ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳﺩ ﰲ ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﰲ ﻯﺮــﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺮـﺷﺆﳌﺍ ﺐﻧﺎـﺟ ﱃﺇ ،ﻉﺍﺮﺘـﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺮـﺑ ﺕﺍﺮـﺷﺆﻣ ﻥﺈـﻓ ﰒ ﻦـﻣﻭ .(ﻚـﻟﺫ ﱃﺇ ﺎـﻣﻭ ﻮــﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻢــﻋﺪﺗ ﱵــﻟﺍ ﺔــﻳﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﻞـــﻣﺍﻮﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻈﻨﻠﻟ ﺎـﻨﻛﺍﺭﺩﺇ ﰲ ﻢﻬـﺴﺗ ،ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﺎـﳎ ﻥﺍﺪـﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔـﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎـﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔـﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﻉﻭﺮـﺸﳌ ﱃﻭﻷﺍ ﺞﺋﺎـﺘﻨﻟﺍ ﺰـﺟﻮﳌﺍ ﺍﺬـﻫ ﻦﻤﻀﺘﻳﻭ .ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻲـﺳﺎﺳﺃ ﻞـﻜﻴﻫ ﺙﺍﺪﺤﺘﺳﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻑﺪﻬﻳ ﻉﻭﺮﺸﻣ ﻮﻫﻭ ،ﻉﺍﺮﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﱪﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﻳ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻊــﻗﻮﻣ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺢـﻴﺗﺃ ﺪـﻗﻭ .ﺕﺎﻴﺠﻬـﻨﻣﻭ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺪـﻋﺍﻮﻗ ﻞﻤـﺸﻳ ،ﻉﺍﺮﺘـﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﱪـﻟ ﱄﻭﺩ ﻲﺋﺎـﺼﺣﺇ ﻖﺒـﺳ ﱵـﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮـﺷﺆﳌﺍ ﻦـﻣ ﺔـﻋﻮﻤﳎ ﺔﻜﺒـﺸﻟﺍ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻱﺩﺎـﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﺐــﺘﻜﻣﻭ ،ﻉﺍﺮﺘــﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﱪــﻟ ﰊﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺐــﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﺎﻬــﻌﺒﺘﻳ ﱵــﻟﺍ ﺔــﺳﺭﺎﻤﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺍﺩﺎﻨﺘـــﺳﺍ ،ﺎﻬـﻔﻳﺮﻌﺗ .^(٤)”ﺔﻴﺛﻼﺜﻟﺍ“ ﻉﺍﺮﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺮﺑ ﻞﺋﺎﺼﻓﻭ ﻉﺍﺮﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﱪﻟ ﺓﺪﺤﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻮﻟﺍ ﻥﺁ ﰲ ﻲﺠﻬـﻨﻣﻭ ﻲﺋﺎـﺼﺣﺇ ﻊﺑﺎـﻄﺑ ﻢـﺴﺘﺗ ﱵـﻟﺍ ﺔﺌـﺷﺎﻨﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺪـﻳﺪﳉﺍ ﻝﺎـﻤﻋﻷﺎﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﻳ ﺎﻤﻴﻓﻭ - ١٧ ﺕﺎـﻗﺭﻭ ﺕﺎـﻋﻮﻤﳎ ﺓﺩﺮﻄﻣ ﺓﺭﻮﺼﺑ ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ،ﺎﻌﻣ ﺎــﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎــﺼﺣﻹ ﺰــﺟﻮﻣ ﺍﺮــﺧﺆﻣ ﺓﺭﺩﺎـــﺼﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﻭﺎـﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﲔـﺑ ﻦـﻣﻭ .ﺮـﺸﻨﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﻴـﺳﻭ ﺎﻬـﻠﻤﻋ ﺔـﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﻘﺘـﺳﻻﺍ ﺕﺎـﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺺﺋﺎﺼﺧﻭ ﺮﻓﻮﺗ ﻯﺪﻣ ﻥﺄﺸﺑ ﻱﺭﺎﺸﺘﺳﺍ ﲑﺒﺧ ﺮﻳﺮﻘﺗﻭ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻴﺣﻷﺍ

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ﺕﺍﺀﺎــﺼﺣﺈﺑ ﺔــﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺔــﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺪــﻫﻷﺍﻭ ﻩﺍﺭﻮــﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ ﻰــﻠﻋ ﲔﻠﺻﺎـــﺤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﺎــــﻬﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎــــﻬﺟﻮﻟﺎﺑ .^(٥)ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻮﻜــــﺴﻧﻮﻴﻟﺍ ﺪﻬــــﻌﻣ ﺕﺎــــﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺓﺪﻋﺎـــــﻗ ﻦـــﻣ ﻒـــﻄﺘﻘﻣ ﺔﻜﺒـــﺸﻟﺍ ﻊـــﻗﻮﻣ ﻰـــﻠﻋ ﺮـــﻓﻮﺘﻳﻭ - ١٨ ﺎﻬـﻴﻟﺇ ﻝﻮـﺻﻮﻟﺍ ﲎـﺴﺘﻳ ﱵـﻟﺍ ،ﻩﺬـﻫ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎـﻗ ﻊﻀﺨﺘﺳ ،٢٠٠٤ ﻡﺎﻋ ﰲﻭ .^(٦)ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﻺﻟ ﺓﺪﻋﺎـﻗ ﺮـﻓﻮﺗﻭ .ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻊـﲨ ﺕﺍﻮﻨـﺳ ﺩﺪـﻋﻭ ﺕﺍﺮـﺷﺆﳌﺍ ﺩﺪـﻋ ﺚـﻴﺣ ﻦﻣ ﺀﺍﻮﺳ ﻊﻴﺳﻮﺘﻠﻟ ،ﺔﻳﺮﲝ ﺔــﻴﳎﺎﻧﱪﻟﺍ ﺕﺎــﻋﺎﻄﻘﻟﺍ ﻞــﺜﻣ ،ﺔـﻴﻨﻌﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻬـﳉﺍ ﻒـﻠﺘﳐ ﻦـﻣ ﲑـﺒﻛ ﺩﺪـﻌﻟ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺇ ﺪﻬـﻌﳌﺍ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﰲ ﺔـــﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺔﺒﻌـﺸﻟﺍﻭ ،(ﲑـﻤﻌﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺀﺎـﺸﻧﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺮـﺷﺆﲟ ﻖـﻠﻌﺘﻳ ﺎـﻤﻴﻓ) ﱄﻭﺪـﻟﺍ ﻚـﻨﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﻮﻜـﺴﻧﻮﻴﻠﻟ ﻲﺋﺎـﳕﻹﺍ ﺓﺪـﺤﺘﳌﺍ ﻢـﻣﻷﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑﻭ ،(ﺓﺪﺤﺘﳌﺍ ﻢﻣﻸﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﳊﺎﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﻳ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ) ﺓﺪﺤﺘﳌﺍ ﻢﻣﻷﺍ ﺔـﺻﺎﺧﻭ ﺔـﻣﺎﻋ ﺕﺎـﺴﺳﺆﻣ ﻦـﻣ ﲔﺜﺣﺎـﺑﻭ ﺕﺎــﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻋ ﻼﻀﻓ ،ﺔﻳﺮﺸﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﻘﺘﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﻳ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ .ﱂﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﳓﺃ ﻊﻴﲨ ﰲ ﺚــﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻄــﺸﻧﺄﺑ ﺔـــﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﻪـﺗﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﺇ ﺔـﻴﺑﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺎـﲢﻼﻟ ﻲﺋﺎـﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺐـﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﺭﺪـﺻﺃ - ١٩ .^{Crono s}^New ،ﻪــﺗﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺓﺪﻋﺎــﻗ ”ﺎــﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻮـــﻠﻌﻟﺍ“ :٩ ﻉﻮـﺿﻮﳌﺍ ﺭﺎـﻃﺇ ﰲ ﺮﻳﻮـــــﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺮﲤﺆﻣ ﱴﺣ) ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﺇ ﺍﺮﺧﺆﻣ ﺕﺭﺪﺻ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﻜﺘﺴﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـــﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﻞﻤﺸﺗﻭ ﺔــﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎــﺼﺣﻹﺍﻭ ،ﺎـــﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻮـﻠﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻳﺮـﺸﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﻮـﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺇﻭ ،(٢٠٠١ ﻡﺎـــــﻋ ﰲ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ“ ﻥﻮﻨﻌﳌﺍ ﺐﻴﳉﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺭﺪﺻﻭ .(^CIS^٣ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﱃﺇ ﺍﺩﺎﻨﺘﺳﺍ) ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺎﺑ

Stati stics in Fo- ﺕﺍﺭﻮﺸﻨﻣ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺳ ﰲ ﺎﻤﺠﺣ ﺮﻐﺻﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﻮﺸﻨﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺩﺪﻋ ﻦﻋ ﻼﻀﻓ ”ﺎﺑﻭﺭﻭﺃ ﻢــﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻉﻮــﺿﻮﻣ ﰲ) ﺎــﻣﺍﺭﻮﻧﺎﺑ ﺔــﺴﺳﺆﻣ ﻦــﻋ ﻥﺍﺭﻮــﺸﻨﻣ ٢٠٠٤ ﻡﺎـــﻋ ﰲ ﺭﺪـﺼﻳ ﻑﻮـﺳﻭ .^cus .(ﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣﻭ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ

ﺔﻠﺒﻘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳊﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ

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ﺎﺜﻟﺎﺛ

ﺔـﺟﺎﺣ ﻙﺎـﻨﻫﻭ .ﺔﺒﻌـﺸﺘﻣ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮــﺷﺆﲟ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﻳ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺋﺮﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟﺍ - ٢٠ ﻞﻤـــﺸﺘﻟ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﺎـﳎ ﰲ ﺓﺩﻮـﳉﺍ ﺔـﻴﻟﺎﻋ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺇ ﺝﺎـﺘﻧﺇ ﻕﺎـﻄﻧ ﻊﻴـﺳﻮﺗ ﱃﺇ ﺔـﺳﺎﻣ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺄـﺑ ﻢﻇﺎـﻌﺘﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﺘـﻋﺍ ﺔـﲦ ﻡﺍﺩ ﺎـﻣ ،ﱂﺎـﻌﻟﺍ ﺀﺎـﳓﺃ ﻊـﻴﲨ ﰲ ﻥﺍﺪـﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺍﺪﻳﺰﻣ ﻥﺃ ﻦـﻜﳝ ﻻﻭ .ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﳕﻹﺍ ﺎﺗﻬﺎﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﻢﻴﻘﺗ ﺔﻴﻣﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﺖﻣﺍﺩ ﺎﻣﻭ ،ﻮﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺁ ﻥﻼﻜﺸﻳ ﺔﻄـﺸﻧﺃ ﻮـﳓ ﺩﺭﺍﻮـﳌﺍ ﻦـﻣ ﺪـﻳﺰﻣ ﺲـﻳﺮﻜﺗﻭ ﻡﺎـﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﻦـﻣ ﺪﻳﺰﻣ ﻪﻴﺟﻮﺗ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻻﺇ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻖﻘﺤﺘﻳ ﻊـﲨ :ﻲـﻫﻭ ﺍﺪـﻴﺟ ﺔـﻓﻭﺮﻌﻣ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻣ ﺕﺎﻳﺪﲢ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ،ﻚﻟﺫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﻭﻼﻋ .ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺪﻘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺑ ﺔﻄــﺸﻧﺃ ﻕﺎـــﻄﻧ ﺀﺍﺭﻭ ﺎـﻣ ﱃﺇ ﺭﺎـﻜﺘﺑﻼﻟ ﺎﻨـﺳﺎﻴﻗ ﻕﺎـﻄﻧ ﻊﻴـﺳﻮﺗﻭ ؛ﺕﺎـﻣﺪﳋﺍ ﻉﺎـﻄﻘﻟ ﻞـﻀﻓﺃ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺎـﺟﺎﺘﻧ ﻻ ﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﰲ ﺎﻣﺎﻬﺳﺇ ﱪﺘﻌﻳ ﻥﺃ ﻦﻜﳝ ﺎﻣ ﻮﻫﻭ) ﺎﻣ ﺪﺣ ﱃﺇ ﻖﻴﻀﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﺜـﻛﺃ ﺔـﻴﻣﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﻢﺋﻼﺗ ﺪﻗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﻞﻤﺸﻴﻟ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﻕﺎﻄﻧ ﻊﻴﺳﻮﺗﻭ ؛(ﺎﳍ

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٠٣-٦٦٦١٥ ١١

ﺀﻮـﻀﻟﺍ ﺀﺎـﻘﻟﺇﻭ ؛ﺔـﻳﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻱﺮﺸﺒﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﳌﺍ ﺱﺃﺭ ﺭﻭﺪﻟ ﻞﻀﻓﺃ ﻢﻬﻓ ﻦﻳﻮﻜﺗﻭ ؛ﺎﻫﲑﻏ ﻦﻣ ﰲ ﺓﺩﻮــﺟﻮﳌﺍ ﻚــﻠﺗ ﻞــﺜﻣ ،ﺕﺎــﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﻲــﻌﺿﺍﻭ ﻡﺎــﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺏﺬــﺘﲡ ﱵــﻟﺍ ﺓﺪــﻳﺪﳉﺍ ﺮـــﻫﺍﻮﻈﻟﺍ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺀﺎـﺸﻧﺇﻭ ؛ﻊـﻤﺘﻟﻤﺠﺍ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﺛﺃ ﺲﻜﻌﺗ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﻣ ﻊﺿﻭﻭ ؛ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻴﺣﻷﺍ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ .ﻡﻮﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﻣ ﰲ ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﻣ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﺇ ﻊﻤﳉ ﺮﻃﺃ

ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﺇ

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ﻒﻟﺃ

ﰐﺎﻜﺳﺍﺮﻓ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺗ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﻣ ﻕﺎﻄﻧ ﰲ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻚﺷ ﻻ ﺎﳑ - ٢١ .ﺩﻮـﻘﻋ ﺔـﻌﺑﺭﺃ ﻯﺪﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﻤﺘﺳﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﰲ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻷ ﻚﻟﺫﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﺈﺑ ﺔﻠﺼﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎــﻳﺪﲢ ﺮــﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚـــﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻄـﺸﻧﺃ ﺔـﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﰲ ﺖـﺛﺪﺣ ﱵـﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﲑـﻐﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺪـﻟﻭ ﺪـﻘﻓ ،ﻚـﻟﺫ ﻊـﻣﻭ ﻞـﺜﳝﻭ .ﺎـﻴﻟﺎﺣ ﺔـﻌﺒﺘﳌﺍ ﺱﺎـﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻕﺮـﻃ ﺔـﻴﳘﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻈﻓﺎﶈﺍ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﰲ ﺮﻈﻨﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﱃﺇ ﺖﻌﻓﺩ ﺓﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻖـﻠﻌﺘﻳ ﺎــﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﺎﻫﺮﺜﻛﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﳌﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻢﻫﺃ ﻦﻤﻀﺘﻳﻭ ،ﰐﺎﻜﺳﺍﺮﻓ ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟ ﺱﺩﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺔـــﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺗﺮـﺸﻧﻭ ،ﱂﺎـﻌﻟﺍ ﻕﺎـﻄﻧ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻝﻮـﺒﻘﺑ ﻊـﺘﻤﺘﻳ ﺚـﻴﺣ ،ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚـﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺇ ﻊـﻤﲜ ﲔــﺴﺤﺘﻟ ﺔــﻟﻭﺎﳏ ﺙﺪـــﺣﺃ ،١٩٦٣ ﻡﺎـﻋ ﰲ ﺮـﻣﻷﺍ ﻝﻭﺃ ﻱﺩﺎـﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔـﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎـﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺬـﻫ ﺰـﳒﺃ ،٢٠٠٢ ﻡﺎـﻋ ﰲﻭ .ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚـﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻄـﺸﻧﺃ ﺱﺎـﻴﻘﺑ ﻖـﻠﻌﺘﻳ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﳌﺍ ﻪـﺑ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺃﺪﺑ ﺪﻗ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﲟ ﲔﻴﻨﻌﳌﺍ ﲔﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﱪﳋﺍ ﻖﻳﺮﻓ ﻥﺎﻛ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍ ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚـﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﺸﻧﺃ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻟ ﺔﻨﺴﳏ ﺔﻴﻬﻴﺟﻮﺗ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻣ ﱘﺪﻘﺗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺰﻛﺮﻳ ﻮﻫﻭ ،٢٠٠٠ ﻡﺎﻋ ﰲ ﺎــﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺕﻻﺎــﺼﺗﻻﺍﻭ ﺕﺎــﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺎـــﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗ ﻞـﺜﻣ ﺕﻻﺎـﻟﻤﺠﺍ ﺾـﻌﺑﻭ ﺕﺎـﻣﺪﳋﺍ ﺐـﺴﺣ ﺪﺳﻭ ،(ﻢﻫﺩﺍﺪﻋﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ،ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻲﻔﻇﻮﻣ ﺔﻴﻄﻐﺗ ﲔﺴﲢﻭ ﺔﺤﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻴﺣﻷﺍ ﲔــﺑ ﻞــﻀﻓﺃ ﻞﻣﺎــﻜﺗ ﻖــﻴﻘﲢﻭ ،ﺔــﻴﻣﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﺎـــﺴﳊﺍﻭ ﰐﺎﻜـﺳﺍﺮﻓ ﺕﺎﺑﺎـﺴﺣ ﲔـﺑ ﺔـﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺓﻮـﺠﻔﻟﺍ ﺔـﻴﺠﻬﻨﲟ ﻖـﻠﻌﺘﻳ ﺎـﻤﻴﻓ ﺔـﻴﻬﻴﺟﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﺉﺩﺎـﺒﳌﺍ ﺰـﻳﺰﻌﺗﻭ ﺔـﳌﻮﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮـﺷﺆﻣﻭ ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﻣ .ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﻘﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ،ﻱﺩﺎــﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪــﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔــﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎــﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔــﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﺔــﻧﺎﻣﺃ ﺕﺄــﺸﻧﺃ ،ﻚـــﻟﺫ ﺓﺍﺯﺍﻮـﻣ ﰲﻭ - ٢٢ ﺕﺎـــﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺎﺑ ﺔـــﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﻕﺮـــﻄﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﺩﺎــــﺼﳌﺍ“ ﻥﺄــﺸﺑ ﺕﺎــﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺓﺪﻋﺎــﻗ ،ﲔــﻴﻨﻃﻭ ﺀﺍﱪــﺧ ﺓﺪﻋﺎــﺴﲟ ﲔﻠﻤﻌﺘـﺴﳌﺍ ﻊـﻴﻤﳉ ﺖﻧﺮﺘـﻧﻹﺍ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺎـﺒﻳﺮﻗ ﺡﺎﺘﺗ ﻑﻮﺳ ،”ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﺸﻧﻷ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﻘﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺀﺎـﻀﻋﻷﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻌﺒﺗﺍ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳊﺍ ﻕﺮﻄﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﲨ ﻊﺒﺘﺗ ﻮﻫ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻑﺪﳍﺍﻭ ﻞـﻤﻜﺗﻭ .ﺔـﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺎﻬﻣﺪﻘﺘـﺳ ﱵـﻟﺍ ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚـﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻊـﻴﻤﺠﺘﺑ ﺎﻬﻣﺎﻴﻗ ﻯﺪﻟ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺓﺩﺎـﻋ ﻥﺍﺪـﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﺎـﺑﻬ ﻡﻮﻘﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺎﻬﳝﺪﻘﺘﺑ ﰐﺎﻜﺳﺍﺮﻓ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﻩﺬـﻫ ﰲ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻮـﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺔـﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻦـﻋﻭ ،ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺎﺗﻬﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﺇ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻟ ﱵــﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـــﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﲑـﺴﻔﺗ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻤﻌﺘـﺴﻣ ﺪﻋﺎـﺴﺗ ﻥﺃ ﻩﺬـﻫ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎـﻗ ﻥﺄـﺷ ﻦـﻣﻭ .ﺔـﻧﺭﺎﻘﻤﻠﻟ

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١٢ ٠٣-٦٦٦١٥

ﻊــﻣ ﻥﻭﺎــﻌﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﺔـــﻠﺛﺎﳑ ﺔـﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺕﺰـﳒﺃﻭ .ﻱﺩﺎـﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔـﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎـﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔـﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﺎﻫﺮـﺸﻨﺗ ﻕﺮـﻄﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﺩﺎـﺼﻤﻠﻟ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺓﺪﻋﺎـﻗ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻦﻤﻀﺘﺗ ﺔﻴﺑﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﲢﻼﻟ ﻊﺑﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺐﺘﻜﳌﺍ .ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﺸﻧﻷ ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻧﺍﺰﻴﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻔﻧﻭ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﻳ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺴﳊﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔـــﻨﺠﻠﻟ ﻊﺑﺎــــﺘﻟﺍ ﺎــﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢــﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮــﺷﺆﲟ ﲔــﻴﻨﻌﳌﺍ ﲔــﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﱪــﳋﺍ ﻖــﻳﺮﻓ ﺭﺮــﻗ - ٢٣ ﻦـﻣ ﺪـﻳﺰﻣ ﺀﺍﺮـﺟﺇ ﻖﺤﺘـﺴﺗ ﺓﺩﺪـﳏ ﺕﻻﺎﳎ ﰲ ﻪﻠﻤﻋ ﻞﺻﺍﻮﻳ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚـﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﲔـﺑ ﺓﻮـﺠﻔﻟﺍ ﺪـﺳ :ﰐﺎﻜﺳﺍﺮﻓ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺗ ﺏﺎﻘﻋﺃ ﰲ ﻚﻟﺫﻭ ،ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺔـﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺮﺜـﻛﺃ ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚـﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺎـﻗﺭﺃ ﻞـﻌﳚ ﻥﺃ ﻪﻧﺄـﺷ ﻦـﻣ ﺎـﻣ ﻮـﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺴﳊﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑﻭ ﺢــﻴﻘﻨﺗﻭ ،(ﱄﺎــﲨﻹﺍ ﻲــﻠﶈﺍ ﺞﺗﺎــﻨﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻤﺜﺘــﺳﻻﺍ ﺕﺎــﻧﺎﻴﺒﻛ ﺔــﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺕﺎــﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺎﺑ ﺔـﻧﺭﺎﻘﻤﻠﻟ .ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺩﺎﻴﳌﺍ ﺐﺴﺣ ﻒﻴﻨﺼﺘﻟﺍ ﺢـﻴﻘﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺍﺫﺇ ،ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺴﳊﺍ ﰲ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻒﻴﻇﻮﺗ ﻞﺜﳝﻭ - ٢٤ ﺮـــﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚـــﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـــﺼﺣﺇ ﻊــــﺿﻭ ﰲ ﺎﻴــﺴﻴﺋﺭ ﺎــﺒﻧﺎﺟ ،ﺔــﻴﻣﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﺎــﺴﳊﺍ ﻡﺎــﻈﻨﻟ ﻡﺩﺎــﻘﻟﺍ ﺢﻴﺘﻴـﺳ ﺎـﻤﻛ ،ﻱﺩﺎـﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻞـﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺎﻬﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘـﺳﺍ ﻦـﺴﳛ ﻥﺃ ﻚـﻟﺫ ﻥﺄـﺷ ﻦـﻣﻭ .ﺎﺑﻬ ﻑﺍﺮﺘﻋﻻﺍﻭ ﻞـﻴﺒﻗ ﻦـﻣ ﻯﺮـﺧﻷﺍ ﺔـﻳﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚـﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﲔـﺑ ﺓﺮـﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﻣ ﺀﺍﺮﺟﺇ ﺔــﻴﻨﻌﻣ ﻞــﻤﻋ ﺔـــﻗﺮﻓ ﺖﺌـﺸﻧﺃ ﺪـﻗﻭ .(ﺖﺑﺎـﺜﻟﺍ ﻝﺎـﳌﺍ ﺱﺃﺭ ﱄﺎـﲨﺇ ﻦـﻳﻮﻜﺗﻭ ﱄﺎـﲨﻹﺍ ﻲـﻠﶈﺍ ﺞﺗﺎـﻨﻟﺍ) ﲔـﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﱪـﳋﺍ ﻖـﻳﺮﻔﻟ ٢٠٠٢ ﻡﺎﻋ ﻉﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺏﺎﻘﻋﺃ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺴﳊﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺎﺑ ﺔـﻴﻘﺒﺘﳌﺍ ﺔـﻴﺠﻬﻨﳌﺍ ﻞﺋﺎـﺴﳌﺍ ﺔـﺳﺍﺭﺪﺑ ﻡﻮﻘﺗ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﻑﺪﳍﺍﻭ .ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﲟ ﲔﻴﻨﻌﳌﺍ ﻚـﻟﺫﻭ ﺔـﻴﻣﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﺎـﺴﺤﻠﻟ ﻡﺎـﻈﻧ ﺭﺎـﻃﺇ ﰲ ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﺸﻧﻷ ﺔﻴﺒﺳﺎﳏ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺎﺗﻬﺭﺎﺛﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺖــﻠﻤﻋ ﺪــﻗﻭ .^(٧)ﲔﻣﺎــﻈﻨﻟﺍ ﲔـــﺑ ﺔـﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﻓﻼﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﻦـﻣ ﺪـﻳﺰﳌﺍ ﰐﺎﻜـﺳﺍﺮﻓ ﻞـﻴﻟﺩ ﻝﺍﺯﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺪـﻌﺑ ﺓﺩﺎﻓﻹﺍ ﺔﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﺑ ﺕﺃﺪﺑ ﺫﺇ ،ﺔﻳﺭﺎﺠﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﲰﻷﺍ ﻥﺄﺸﺑ ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺍﱪﻧﺎﻛ ﻖﻳﺮﻓ ﻑﺍﺮﺷﺇ ﺖﲢ ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻟﺍ ﰐﺎﻜـﺳﺍﺮﻓ ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻉﻮﻧ ﻦﻣ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺪﻳﺪﲢﻭ ،ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﺸﻧﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻡﺎـﻗﺭﺃ ﺝﺎـﺘﻧﻹ ﺎـﺳﺎﺳﺃ ﲏﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﻌﺼﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺖﻳﺮﺟﺃ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﻘﺘﺳﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺖﻌﲨ ﱵﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻴﻴﻘﺗﻭ ﻝﻮـﴰ :ﻲﻠﻳ ﺎﻣ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺮﻓ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺕﺮﻈﻧ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺴﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﻦﻣﻭ .ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺴﳊﺍﻭ ﻖﻔﺘﺗ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﺍﻭﻭ ،ﺔـﺘﺑﺎﺛ ﺔـﻴﻟﻭﺩ ﺭﺎﻌﺳﺄﺑ ﺮﻳﺪﻘﺘﻠﻟ ﺎﻬﻋﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﻄﳌﺍ ﻕﺮﻄﻟﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﺸﻧﺃ ﺝﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺎﻬﻛﻼﻬﺘـﺳﺍ ﺮﻳﺪﻘﺗﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﺸﻧﻷ ﻢﻬﺳﺃ ﺀﺎﻨﺑﻭ ،ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻄﺸﻧﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺩﺎﺻﻭ ﻞـﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺔـﻗﺮﻓ ﺖـﻌﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺪﻗﻭ .ﺕﺎﻴﳎﺍﱪﻟﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻞﺧﺍﺪﺘﻟﺍ ﻪﺟﻭﺃﻭ ﺪــﻳﺪﲢﻭ ﻡﺪــﻘﺗ ﻦـــﻣ ﺯﺮـﺣﺃ ﺎـﻤﻋ ﺮـﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﺩﺍﺪـﻋﻹ ٢٠٠٣ ﻞـﻳﺮﺑﺃ/ﻥﺎـﺴﻴﻧ ﰲ ،ﺍﺪـﻨﻟﻮﺑﻬ ،ﻍﲑـﺑﺭﻮﻓ ﰲ ﺮـﺑﻮﺘﻛﺃ/ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻦﻳﺮـﺸﺗ ﰲ ﺩﻮـﻘﻌﳌﺍ ﱐﺎـﺜﻟﺍ ﺍﱪـﻧﺎﻛ ﻖـﻳﺮﻓ ﻉﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﰲﻭ .ﻞﺒﻘﺘﺴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﳎ ”ﺔــﻴﻠﻳﻮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺍﺪــﳉﺍ“ ﺬــﻴﻔﻨﺗ ﻚــﻟﺫ ﻞـــﴰﻭ ،ﻡﺪـﻘﺗ ﻦـﻣ ﻪـﺗﺯﺮﺣﺃ ﺎـﻤﻋ ﻥﺍﺪـﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﺖـﻐﻠﺑﺃ ،٢٠٠٣

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٠٣-٦٦٦١٥ ١٣

ﺾـﻌﺑﻭ ،(ﺔـﻴﻣﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﺎـﺴﺤﻠﻟ ﺭﺎـﻃﺇ ﱃﺇ ﰐﺎﻜـﺳﺍﺮﻓ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﻦﻣ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻞﻳﻮﺤﺘﻟ) ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﲔﺑ ﻞﺼﻔﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻂﳋﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﲢ ﺎﻬﻨﻣﻭ ﺖﻬﺟﻭﻭ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺽﺎـﻔﳔﺎﺑ ﺔـﻠﺼﺘﳌﺍ ﻞﻛﺎـﺸﳌﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻛﻼﻬﺘـﺳﺍ ﺮـﻳﺪﻘﺗﻭ ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚـﺤﺒﻠﻟ ﻢﻬـﺳﺃ ﺀﺎﻨﺑﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻴﳎﺍﱪﻟﺍﻭ ﺱﺭﺎـﻣ/ﺭﺍﺫﺁ ﰲ ﱐﺎـﺜﻟﺍ ﺍﱪﻧﺎﻛ ﻖﻳﺮﻔﻟ ﻡﺩﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻉﺎﻤﺘﺟﻻﺍ ﺪﻘﻌﻳ ﻥﺃ ﺭﺮﻘﺗ ﺪﻗﻭ .ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﻮﻟ ﱪﻛﺃ ﺭﺪﻘﺑ ﺔﺳﻮﻤﻠﻣ ﺕﺎﺣﺮﺘﻘﻣ ﻦﻤﻀﺘﺗ ﺕﺎﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﱘﺪﻘﺘﻟ ﺔﺻﺮﻓ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻞﺜﻤﻴﺳﻭ ،٢٠٠٤ ﺕﺎﺑﺎــﺴﳊﺍ ﻡﺎــﻈﻧ ﺕﺎــﺒﻠﻄﺘﳌ ﺮــﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚــﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎــﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻊـــﲨ ﺕﺎـﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻒـﻴﻴﻜﺗ ﱃﺇ ﺔـﺟﺎﺣ ﺔـﲦ .ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻘﻟﺍ

ﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺞﺗﺍﻮﻧ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﻣ

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ﻮﻠﺳﻭﺃ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺗ ﺭﺎـﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺔـﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺕﻼـﺧﺪﻣ ﺱﺎـﻴﻗ ﱃﺇ ﺮـﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺚـﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺇ ﻑﺪﺗﻬ ﺱﺎﺳﻷﺍ ﰲ - ٢٥ ،ﻚـﻟﺫ ﻖـﻴﻘﲢ ﻮـﻫ ﺭﺎـﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺕﺎـﻴﻠﻤﻌﺑ ﺔـﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﻘﺘـﺳﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺽﺮﻐﻟﺍﻭ .ﺎﻬﲡﺍﻮﻧ ﻻ ﻱﺩﺎــﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔـﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎـﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔـﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﻥﺍﺪـﻠﺑ ﻊـﻴﲨ ﰲ ﺕﺎـﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﻩﺬـﻫ ﺖـﻳﺮﺟﺃ ﺪـﻗﻭ ﻥﺃ ﺫﺇ ﺓﲑـﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﻮﻨـﺴﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺪـﻘﻨﻠﻟ ﺖـﺿﺮﻌﺗ ﺕﺎـﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﻩﺬـﻫ ﰲ ﺔـﻌﺒﺘﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﳌﺍ ﻥﺃ ﲑﻏ .ﺎﺒﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﰎ ﺪـﻘﻓ ،ﻚـﻟﺬﻟﻭ .ﻪـﺳﺎﻴﻗ ﰒ ﻦـﻣﻭ ﺭﺎـﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﻒـﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻥﺎـﻜﲟ ﺔـﺑﻮﻌﺼﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺖﻠﻌﺟ ﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻢــــﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮــــﺷﺆﲟ ﲔــــﻴﻨﻌﳌﺍ ﲔـــــﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﱪـــﳋﺍ ﻖـــﻳﺮﻔﻟ ٢٠٠٢ ﻡﺎـــﻋ ﻉﺎـــﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﰲ ،ﻕﺎـــﻔﺗﻻﺍ ﻖـﻳﺮﻓ“ ﻩﺪـﻘﻋ ﻉﺎـﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺏﺎـﻘﻋﺃ ﰲﻭ .”ﻮﻠـﺳﻭﺃ ﻞـﻴﻟﺪﻟ“ ﻥﺎـﺛ ﺢـﻴﻘﻨﺘﺑ ﻡﺎـﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ،ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ (ﻥﺎـﺑﺎﻴﻟﺍ ،ﺍﺪـﻨﻟﻮﻫ ،ﺞﻳﻭﺮﻨـﻟﺍ ،ﺍﺪـﻨﻛ ،ﺎـﺴﻧﺮﻓ ،ﺎـﻴﻟﺎﻄﻳﺇ ،ﺎـﻴﻧﺎﳌﺃ ،ﺎﻴﻧﺎﺒﺳﺇ) ﻥﺍﺪﻠﺑ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﲦ ﻞﺜﳝ ”ﻲﺳﺎﺳﺃ ﺔـﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎـﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔـﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﺔـﻧﺎﻣﺃﻭ ﰊﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺩﺎـﲢﻼﻟ ﻊﺑﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺐﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻛ ﻪﺒﻴﺗﺮﺘﺑ ﻡﺎﻗ ﺔـﻳﻮﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻞﺋﺎـﺴﳌﺍ ﻦـﻣ ﺔـﻋﻮﻤﳎ ﻝﻮـﺣ ﻞـﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺀﺪﺒﻠﻟ ﺎﻋﻮﻄﺗ ﻦﻳﺬﻠﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﻥﺍﺪــﻴﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔــﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎــﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔــﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﺖــﻟﻮﺗﻭ .ﻞــﻴﻟﺪﻠﻟ ﱄﺎـــﳊﺍ ﺢـﻴﻘﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻠﻤـﺸﻳ ﻥﺃ ﻲـﻐﺒﻨﻳ ﱵـﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﻓﺎﻀﺘــــﺳﺍﻭ ﺎﻬــﻤﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﺔــﻴﺑﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺎــﲢﻼﻟ ﻊﺑﺎــﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﺋﺎــﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺐــﺘﻜﳌﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﺎــﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻯﺪــﺘﻨﻣ ﺔــﺑﺎﺜﲟ ﺖﻧﺎـــﻛﻭ ،٢٠٠٣ ﺱﺭﺎـﻣ/ﺭﺍﺫﺁ ٦ ﻭ ٥ ﰲ ﺔﻴـﺴﻧﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﺔـﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﺔـﻴﻟﺎﳌﺍﻭ ﺩﺎـﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺔـــﺸﻗﺎﻨﻣﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺎـﻜﺘﺑﻼﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﻘﺘـﺳﻻﺍ ﺕﺎـﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺬـﻴﻔﻨﺗ ﻝﺎـﳎ ﰲ ﺔـﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﱪـﳋﺍ ﺓﺮﻃﺎـﺸﳌ ﱄﻭﺃ ،ﺔـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﲑـﻏ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﰲ ﺎﻬﺘﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﻢﺘﺗ ﻑﻮﺳ ﺓﺩﺪﳏ ﺕﻻﺎﳎ ﺔﻌﺑﺭﺃ ﻖـﻳﺮﻔﻟ ٢٠٠٣ ﻡﺎـﻋ ﻉﺎـﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺏﺎـﻘﻋﺃ ﰲﻭ .ﺔـﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﻕﺮـﻄﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻘﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻗﻭ ﺞﺗﺍﻮﻨﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻗﻭ ﻡﺎـﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻝﺎﳎ ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﻟ ﺔﻗﺮﻓﺃ ﺔﺘﺳ ﺖﺌﺸﻧﺃ ،ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺷﺆﲟ ﲏﻌﳌﺍ ﲔﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﱪﳋﺍ ﺕﻼــﺧﺪﻣ/ﺕﺎــﻘﻔﻧﻭ ﺭﺎــﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺞــﺗﺍﻮﻧﻭ ،ﻒﻳﺭﺎـــﻌﺘﻟﺍ :ﺔـﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﻊـﻴﺿﺍﻮﳌﺍ ﻝﻮـﺣ ﻞـﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺃﺪـﺒﺘﻟ ﺩﺪـﳏ ﺖﻣﺪﻗﻭ .ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﺣﻮﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻴﻨﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﻗﺮﻓﻷﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﲨﻭ ،ﻂﺑﺍﻭﺮﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﻖــﻳﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﻉﺎـــﻤﺘﺟﺎﺑ ﺎـﻧﺮﺘﻘﻣ ،٢٠٠٣ ﱪـﻤﻓﻮﻧ/ﱐﺎـﺜﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺮـﺸﺗ ﰲ ﺎـﻴﻟﻭﺃ ﺎـﻴﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺍﺮـﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﺔـﻗﺮﻓﻷﺍ ﻩﺬـﻫ

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ﻢــﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮــﺷﺆﻣ ﺕﺍﺀﺎــﺼﺣﺈﺑ ﲏـــﻌﳌﺍ ﺔـﻴﺑﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺎـﲢﻼﻟ ﻲﺋﺎـﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺐـﺘﻜﻤﻠﻟ ﻊﺑﺎـﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻣﺎـﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﻘﺘــﺳﻻﺍ ﺔــﺳﺍﺭﺪﻠﻟ ﺓﺮﻤﺘـــﺴﳌﺍ ﺩﺍﺪـﻋﻹﺍ ﺕﺎـﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻊـﻣ ﻖﻴـﺴﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺪـﺑﻬ ﻚـﻟﺫﻭ ،ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻮﻠـﺳﻭﺃ ﰲ ﺪـﻘﻌﻳ ﺍﺮـﲤﺆﻣ ﻒﻴﻀﺘـﺴﺗ ﻥﺃ ﺞﻳﻭﺮﻨـﻟﺍ ﺖﺿﺮﻋﻭ .^CIS)٤( ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺘﻟﻤﺠﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻼﻟ ﺔﻠﺒﻘﳌﺍ ﱘﺪــــﻘﺗﻭ ﺓﺩﺪــﶈﺍ ﻊــﻴﺿﺍﻮﳌﺍ ﺔــﻗﺮﻓﺃ ﻞــﻤﻋ ﺞﺋﺎــﺘﻧ ﺽﺮــﻌﻟ ،٢٠٠٤ ﻞــﻳﺮﺑﺃ/ﻥﺎــﺴﻴﻧ ٢٣ ﻭ ٢٢ ﰲ ﰲ ﺎﻬـﻴﻓ ﺮـﻈﻨﻴﻟ ،ﺎـﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺮـﺷﺆﲟ ﲏـﻌﳌﺍ ﲔﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﺀﺍﱪﳋﺍ ﻖﻳﺮﻔﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﻴﺼﻔﺗ ﺕﺎﻴﺻﻮﺗ .ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻏﺎﻴﺻ ﺔﻠﺣﺮﳌ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻘﻌﻧﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺛﺃ ﺎﻀﻳﺃ ﻱﺮﺠﻴﺳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ،٢٠٠٤ ﻡﺎﻌﻟ ﻪﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺔـﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﻢـﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﺔـﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺔـﻴﺑﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺎـﲢﻼﻟ ﻲﺋﺎـﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺐﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﺃﺪﺑ ،ﻪﺗﺍﺫ ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﰲ - ٢٦ ﺪـﻘﻋﻭ .ﺎﻬـﺘﻴﺠﻬﻨﻣﻭ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﺘﺳﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺘﻟﻤﺠﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻼﻟ ﺔﻌﺑﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﻘﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺕﺎـﺸﻗﺎﻨﻣ ﺕﺮـﺟ ﺚـﻴﺣ ٢٠٠٣ ﺮـﺑﻮﺘﻛﺃ/ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻦﻳﺮﺸﺗ ﰲ ﻥﺄﺸﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﺑﻬ ﻞﻤﻋ ﺔﻗﺮﻔﻟ ﻉﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻝﻭﺃ .ﻥﺎﻴﺒﺘـﺳﻻﺍ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺭﺍﺮﻤﺘـﺳﻻﺍ ﻊﺑﺎـﻃ ﺀﺎﻔﺿﺇ ﻞﺜﻣ ﺎﻬﻋﺎﺒﺗﺍ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻳ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﻼﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺠﻴﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﻻﺎﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﺗ .٢٠٠٤ ﻡﺎﻋ ﻦﻣ ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻒﺼﻨﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﻤﻠﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻮﺗ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻳﻭ ﻞـﻴﻟﺩ ﺕﺍﺮـﺷﺆﻣﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺠﻬـﻨﻣ ﻒـﻴﻴﻜﺗ ﱃﺇ ﺔـﺟﺎﺣ ﻙﺎـﻨﻫ ،ﻩﻼﻋﺃ ٩ ﺓﺮﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺩﺭﻭ ﺎﻤﻛﻭ - ٢٧ ﻦـﻣ ﺮﺜـﻛﺃ ﺔـﻴﻣﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﻢـﺋﻼﺗ ﺔـﻘﻳﺮﻄﺑ ﻱﺩﺎـﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺕﺎـﻋﺎﻄﻗ ﻊـﻴﲨ ﰲ ﺭﺎـﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻟ ﻮﻠﺳﻭﺃ ﻯﺮـﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺎـﻋﺎﻄﻘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔـﻋﺍﺭﺰﻟﺍ ﻉﺎـﻄﻗ ﰲ ﺭﺎـﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺱﺎـﻴﻗ ﻞـﻴﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻣ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻦﻤﻀﺘﻳﻭ .ﺎﻫﲑﻏ ﺕﺍﺮــﺷﺆﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘــﺳﺍ ﻊﻴﺠــﺸﺗﻭ ،ﺔــﻳﺭﺎﳉﺍ ﺭﺎـــﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺱﺎـﻴﻗ ﺕﺎـﺳﺭﺎﳑ ﻦـﻤﺿ ﺎـﻤﺋﺍﺩ ﱪـﺘﻌﺗ ﻻ ﱵـﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬــﳉﺍ ﲔــﺑ ﺔـــﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻂﺑﺍﻭﺮﻟﺎـﺑ ﺔـﻠﺼﺘﳌﺍ ﻚـﻠﺗ ﺎﻬـﻴﻓ ﺎـﲟ ،ﺔـﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺭﺎـﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﻢـﻈﻨﻛ ﺲـﻜﻌﺗ ﻥﺃ ﻦـﻜﳝ ﺎـﻣ ﻮـﻫﻭ ^– ﺔـﻴﻤﻛﺍﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺓﲑـﻐﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻗﻭ ،ﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﻁﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﺋﺎﺘﻧﻭ ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻔﻟﺍ ﺔـﻳﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺕﺎـﻘﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟﺍ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺓﻭﻼـﻋ ^– ﺍﺭﺍﺮــﻜﺗ ﺭﺎﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﺌﻓ ﺮﺜﻛﺃ ﺔﻴﻣﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﰲ ﱪﺘﻌﻳ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼﻘﺘـــﺳﺍ ﺕﺎـﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﻞﺋﺎـﺴﳌﺍ ﻩﺬـﻫ ﺮـﺧﺁ ﺐـﻠﻄﺘﺗ ﻥﺃ ﻦـﻜﳝﻭ .ﺔـﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺎـﺠﺘﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺕﺍﺭﻮـﻄﺘﻟﺍ ﻊـﺒﺘﺘﺑ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﻹﺍ ﺪﻬـﻌﻣ ﻡﻮﻘﻴـﺳﻭ .ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺭﺎﳑﻭ ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻥﺄﺸﺑ ﻚـﻟﺫﻭ ،ﻮـﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺔـﻣﺪﻘﺘﳌﺍ ﻥﺍﺪـﻠﺒﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻢـﺘﺗ ﱵـﻟﺍ ﻚـﻠﺗ ،ﺭﺎـﻜﺘﺑﻻﺎﺑ ﺔـﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﻹﺎﺑ ﻞﺼﺘﻳ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ .ﱂﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﺃ ﰲ ﺎﻬﻔﻴﻴﻜﺗ ﻝﺎﳎ ﰲ ﻢﻋﺪﻟﺍ ﱘﺪﻘﺗﻭ ﻞﺑ ﺕﺍﱪﳋﺍ ﺮﺸﻧ ﻑﺪﺑﻬ ﻉﺍﺮﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺮﺑ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻞﻴﺠــﺴﺗ ﺔﻄــﺸﻧﺃ ﻊـــﺒﺘﺗ ﰲ ﻞـﺜﻤﺘﺗ ﺙﻮـﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺞﺋﺎـﺘﻧ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻝﻮـﺼﺤﻠﻟ ﻯﺮـﺧﺃ ﺔـﻘﻳﺮﻃ ﻙﺎـﻨﻫ - ٢٨ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺮـﺑ ﻞﻴﺠـﺴﺗ ﺐﺗﺎﻜﻣ ﺎﻬﺤﻴﺘﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻠﲢ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺪﻋﺍﻮﻗ ﺀﺎﻨﺑﻭ ﻉﺍﺮﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺮﺑ ﺕﺎـﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟ ﺎـﻣ ﻞـﻔﻐﺗ ﺎـﻧﻬﺃ ﱃﺇ ﺎـﺳﺎﺳﺃ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻊﺟﺮﻳﻭ ،ﺎﺗﻬﺎﻴﺒﻠﺳ ﻉﺍﺮﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﱪﻟ ﻥﺃ ﲑﻏ .ﻉﺍﺮﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﰲ ﺔــﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺎــﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔــﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﺔــﻧﺎﻣﺃ ﰲﻭ .ﻉﺍﺮﺘـــﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺮـﺑ ﰲ ﻞﺠـﺴﺗ ﻻ ﺞﺋﺎـﺘﻧ ﻦـﻣ ﺭﺎـﻜﺘﺑﻻﺍ (ﺃ) :ﺔـﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﻟﻤﺠﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻉﺍﺮﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺮﺑ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺼﺣﺇ ﻝﺎﳎ ﰲ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺰﻛﺭ ،ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻴﳌﺍ ﺔــﻘﻠﺣ ﻢــﻴﻈﻨﺗ (ﺩ) ،ﻉﺍﺮﺘـــﺧﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺮـﺑ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺼﺣﺇ ﺮـﺸﻧ (ﺝ) ،ﺔـﻴﺠﻬﻨﳌﺍ (ﺏ) ،ﺕﺎـﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎـﻗ