Sponge host
1 new Thaumarchaeota
Olavius ilvae(Gammaproteobacteria) 5 unknown Gammaproteobacteria
Pelagibacter ubique (Alphaproteobacteria) 3 unknown Alphaproteobacteria
1 unknown Flavobacteriia 1 unknown Actinobacteria 1 Unknown archaea
4 Unknown bacteria
Cyril Jourda1 , Sébastien Santini1 and Jean-Michel Claverie1
1 Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7256 (IMM FR 3479), Structural and Genomic Information Laboratory, Marseille, France
REFERENCE
Jourda, C., Santini, S., Rocher, C., Le Bivic, A., & Claverie, J. M. (2015). Draft genome sequence of an alphaproteobacterium associated with the Mediterranean sponge Oscarella lobularis. Genome announcements, 3(5), e00977-15.
CONCLUSIONS & PERSPECTIVES
• Metagenomics is a powerful tool to identify uncultured microorganisms such as symbionts. • Metagenomics has revealed a high abundant microbe in each sponge.
• Analysis in progress: PacBio sequencing, comparative genomics, in silico reconstruction of metabolisms and Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization.
METHOD
1. Sampling organisms as clean as possible 2. DNA extraction
3. Illumina sequencing (Pair-Ends & Mate Pairs)
4. Homemade assembly pipeline (IDBA-UD + Platanus + GapFiller) 5. Metagenome taxonomic assignment (homology-based method) 6. Species relative abundance computation (Bowtie: reads mapping)
Oopsacas minuta metagenome composition
Oscarella lobularis metagenome composition
A lot of genomic fragments…
… of sponge genomes and more
Relative abundance compared to sponge host based on read
mapping onto metagenome
Sponge host 4 unclassified bacteria 1 unclassified archaea 1 new Actinobacteria 1 new Flavobacteriia 3 Alphaproteobacteria 1 Alphaproteobacteria: ‘Pelagibacter ubique’ 5 Gammaproteobacteria 1 Gammaproteobacteria: ‘Olavius ilvae’
A new ammonia-oxidizing archaea: ‘Candidatus Cenarchaeum
massiliensis’
A new Alphaproteobacteria:
‘Candidatus Rhodobacter lobularis’
Sponge host 1 new Lentisphaera 2 new Gammaproteobacteria 1 new Alphaproteobacteria 1 new archaea 1 new Verrumicrobia 16 low-abundance microbes
Distribution of size and GC% for genomic fragments (circles)
GC%
GC%
Size (nt)
The era of metagenomics to study sponges
INTRODUCTION
• Genome sequencing and assembly of eukaryota organisms remain challenging.
• Sponges are organisms known to be associated with diverse microorganisms.
• Here, we present an attempt of sequencing of two mediterranean sponges (Porifera):
Oscarella lobularis (homoscleromorpha) and Oopsacas minuta (Hexactinellida).
Oopsacas minuta sampling
