A VPRN Solution for Fully Secure and Efficient Group Communications
Texte intégral
(2) INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE. A VPRN Solution for Fully Secure and Efficient Group Communications Lina ALCHAAL(1)(2) — Vincent ROCA(2) — Ayman EL-SAYED(2) — Michel HABERT(1) (1) Netcelo S.A., Echirolles, FRANCE [email protected] (2) INRIA Rhône-Alpes, Planète project, FRANCE [email protected] http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/. N° 4799 April 10th , 2003. ISSN 0249-6399. ISRN INRIA/RR--4799--FR+ENG. THÈME 1. apport de recherche.
(3)
(4)
(5) "!$#% &!('
(6) )+*-,.#%!$/10&
(7) 2 3 4546 #7'
(8) 8 9$:<;>=@?9BA"C??9 DFE :G;FHJIJ;LKM NOAP? D ?RQTSU=V;XW
(9) 9%Y[Z?B\OW
(10) ] D_^ :<Ha`FIJbcC?d"W
(11) Mfe g[hji"k IlKmHnIJb<opZ7qr?sq D WH`&:<tuovb<bGInw D&x My? k APW z t{w{Ku;>=VS|IVqr;>=VS|I~};&IlKmHJInbGo&qt gviP k M ?My`&v;&IaY?bGIJw D_ b=;&nKuIO&t{o{InHnK D_x M? k A"W z t{w{Km;>=SUIq;&=VSUI}:G;&t{:=b<InwJqrt `KuKuV Oqr:G;&t{:=Vb<IJwJqt&b=;&InKuI~ j{P Bª_ «¬a$¡{§c¢£{ª_¤l®¥~¤a¦¯j[§£§¨ ¢£©~¢§["{¢ c¤l°j°V¬l«£§c±~R«{²³j[«³²³j´¯VµF¶·a¸l¸¹ ºc°j«»®_u¼ ½¾ ¼n¼l¿ ¾ °¤lÀl{¢ (1)(2). (2). (2). (1). th. VͬlÁy¯~Â&§×ØÊ7±~Ã[[Ä{[ Å{Æj¯ ¤lÇa¯¢ËÄl{± ÈÒl[ÍV«³É ¯y¤a[®j§Ø§£Ê%¢Ëj»[§£»[¢7u¯O¢[°Ó&¤l§j°V/j[«7»Òa¢_Ê7¤a¢Ë«{f»«£¬n¢ËÒ¥»¢¨²¬mÊ-¢£»r»Ð§¢>j{¬Íj¢¨ÊÌ¥§£»®§£§¤¬/§f¬lÍj¯P¯j¥j{§£»¬l{®±±Ù°"¤¬a§¬ÎLÎÏ¥¤f²[®¬l®ÐÔB©y"ª¢Ë{Õ-²[¥j¥j{¯j«¯J»¨²[Ò¤a»¤l«§£¯¬ln± ¯ÓRP[Ñ {j¯n²[»Ð§_¢B»{Ê$°¯n§%j¤a°V[Àn«[«£ «f¬nÉ¥j»Ðª7¢f°yÖ~¤y²{¬n²%ÎÏ"¬l§®Ð¥j®¬¯jÊ¥j¯j¯j×{¥j»®Ð²[¢°O¤¤a§¬a«»Î¬n$¯°j²««¢Ë[{{Ò¤a«£»Ò§£¬n{»¥²± ¢ ½ ʧ£7j¬lu«¢ËÚP¬l°j¯«¬lÀl°V«¬n¬l½ ¢¥j¤a°®¢T²¯¬l¤a"§£¥j«³¥j¤a¯®Ð®Ð»Ð©f²{¤Üj§£§_»Ð¬lÊ$¯»r¢§/»Ð¯¬n¯j¤
(12) ÔBר¤aª¯jÕX¬l§£j[¯{«FÒ»¤l«¯¬l±¯j"®Ð{[¤n¯J±§%§¤l¬B¯§±yj$¬l¯²¬l¤l¯°j²°j[®Ð°j»Ð²{§&¤¬a§Î»¬nÔB¯~»×G«£®Ð§£[¥Òl¤a{®®ª«£¥»ÐÒ®r§¤a»Ð§£²{¤l¢Ë$§{¬nÓ&¥~Ûs§£{f±P¢£Õcj¬[Ȩ̂ØÊ%§£¬l«¤aÚ § ¬l«£u«¨±~ÔB¥²ªuc¢cÕ§£jÓv/°j»Ð¢f©¢£²»¬l²[¯¤a®²[®Ð»Ð°~¯j§fÚÙ[¢¯§¤a«£Íu¢£®u¢{¢cÓc¥Ûs¢c/§£¬¤l«£®/¤a«²Àl¬l{¯®©Ò»¯»ÐP²[{°±«£¬§£Òl¤a§f§£¢£/{²[±j¥j¤a«§»r¤§©±~»»¢B¢§²«£«»Ð»Íj§£¥~»²[§¤a»¬n®¯O»Ð¯OÑy ²¤a»Ð¯[©¯²[¢£© »r§½ ¥¤l¤¯§±Ù»¬n»¯¯O¢B°¤a¤a¯«£±Ù§£»²¥j¥®¤a¢§« ½ ÍVf§j°j«» ¤a«©y²[¬l¯²[[«¯¬aÎ&¤PÀn«£¬n¥j°²¬nP¥¯j»Ð²{¤§»¬n¯¢£[«Ò»Ð²[lÓ ÝÙÞJßvà£á/â ÅãFÃlÈ Ö~{²¥j«»§Ø© ½ ÔBªÕ ½ ÔBªcÕ ½ É ª7Öu² ½ä «¬l¥j°Oå7¬nP¥j¯»Ð²{¤§£»Ð¬n¯¢ ½jæ ¥®r§»Ð²{¤l¢Ë§. Unité de recherche INRIA Rhône-Alpes 655, avenue de l’Europe, 38330 Montbonnot-St-Martin (France) Téléphone : +33 4 76 61 52 00 — Télécopie +33 4 76 61 52 52.
(13) ! 8T y[
(14) 2¹
(15) )!$8 #% 454 #7'
(16) 8 )!&
(17) 2¹!1!,.#%'
(18) #%!$8 !% R' !c4 !$/ 8$#7 F[8$!$8 Ã
(19) È {{¯n¯J §£Ò«»Ð«£¬n°j¯j®¯j¥[¢Ë"»Ð[[¥j¯J«³§¢±~¤a¢£»¯s§£¢"{$¢²¡uJ¢Ë§y¥ju¤a»f¤a¥~«£¢£¦-§£¬l»»²§yª_®Ð«§»Ð¬l¯jÒl¥~¬n¡{§¢¥¢P Ô¨P»Ð®Ð«£¤@¬n§£¥j¯nÎϧ{¬l«£®Ð»¢¬n¢¯Ï¢P¬lÑy¥ ²²[¬n¤nÔBP²ªO"Õ{§¯n§ §±¬a²[¤a§³«£¯¤a¡{¢[®Ð[«P®Ð" ¥jJ[¯p¥j¯J§{¢£®R[¢Ë«±~¡uÒ²{»Ð¥j¢²[«§£»Ð¢£¥j±~¡l¯Ó ¯j²[å7¬n®¢ "¹É ¢Ëª{¥j¢£«£{¯jÒ²¹»»²[²O¤¢£¬l§»«£¯J¬n{§¯U°V¬n²±~«¢£¡[O¡{Àn¢¢Ë¥«£¬n«|¥j¥j°V®¯¤ ±Àn~«£{¬n ¥j¤a°V¯±~±j ¤l½ ¯[¢>¯J§£¥j«¯"${®Ð{¯J¢Ò±~»«»¬lV¯¡{¯j«£{[¯n"§³¢[¯J¢Ë§_»§£±~u¢[$Ó_ÔBå7ª$ÕB§¢_«¤mÒ§¤l¢£»®j¥j{«_¢Ë®§u¢_®Ð¤
(20) ¤a¢Ë°j¥j°j»«§£¬~¨²³±jj${¢&§£«³¤uÒ¥j¤l®§£¥~»¦P²[¤l¤a¢Ë¯n§§¤l¡[°j«»°j{®Ð¥j»Ð²{«³¤¢>§£¢£»Î¥jÓ&«_Õc®Ð{¬n¢¥²¢>¬n""¬l¯n¥j§«£¯j¬n»²[¯¤¢§J»¬n¥j½ ¯c¢_²±~u¢ ª±~±~{ «£¥~»ÐÒl®¦/¤¡{¢°j±j«ÔB»Ð¬l¢Ë»§£°V«£«¬J§£»¥Í¢Ë»[¥~§£®»Ð§£¢7¬l»Ð¬l¯$¯@¢&¬n¢ ¥~±~ §£¤ly¡u²[¢ ±~²[½ ¬l¬l¬n«³¯¥y±~¯j[¡[Ô¨¯J{§&ª¢ °c[¤aÕ§
(21) «£Î Ó[¤aå7¯»§£B{°P²[¤a¬l{«£¯§£¯n»²[§_²[¥®°~ ®¥j§%»Ð[¯j±j«
(22) ¨±~fÔB ®ª «¤a¡{c¥~±~§ÕX¥j«£»Ð«¯jP¬l§_¥®Ð°V¢7{˰V«£¢Ë"[§««£P{§£¢!§£["±{§%¯n~±§{ ¢¤a±"®Ð¤l»{¡{ÍV¯®¬l»Ð¢¬l¥~«§°j[»J«_«©~¤lÀl¢£¥"«³»"¤aJ²¯¥j¬l±ju¯¢[[²Ó"[°jÕc[§_¯J¬l§±~¥®c¢ [$¢£Ñy¬l¡{"²[¢£¤l{"¤l²[»r¥~§{¦ ¡¢ ²[¢£¬l¬l¥¯J²[Òa»Ð¤a¢$»Ð¯±² ¥j¥¯Ù¢#n¢£[¥«ÒJ»®Ð²¤¹¢£±~¡{²[¥j²[«£¬l»"§£¡{¥j¢Ë§"¯j½ »²[²[«£¤a»§£§£»Ð»$¬lJ¯¥j±~±j¤aÀl¯«¬l¢P¥j±j°VnÓ ¯j¬nÍj«£{¥¢£{¢/¢£»r§¥¤§»Ð¬l¯¢/§ ±~¬l»§&%[§£«® ¥j¯p±~{¢/°«£»Ð¯²»Ð°¤l¥~¦ '´â Ä{à à Ç)( ÃÈ Ö{²[¥j«£»§£¡ ½ Ô¨ªÕ ½ Ô¨ªcÕ ½ É ª7Öu² ½ å7¬n"¥j¯j»²[¤§»Ð¬l¯¢$±~ ä «£¬n¥j°V ½jæ ¥®r§»Ð²{¤l¢Ë§.
(23) ; < /T& ) #_[
(24) Àl[æ »«§£¬l¤aj¥j¯{©°O«7ÍV²¤l¬nu°jP²[°j¤l®Ð¥»Ð²{¢Ë¥¤¨¯j§»¬l»Ð¬n²{ÎL¯¤§£¢P§»¬n[®»Ð¯O»ÐÚl«%٢ˢ{²[²«£¤l¬lÒ«®Ð»²[®²¤a»rn§ÍV© Ó ¬lÉ«³¬a§f¤ÎL§£»Ð§»Ð¢cÒlj§BjÊ7®¤a¬l«¬n«Àl¯jÚ ¨®Ð©¤a¤a"°jÒ°j»Ð¬n¤l®Ð¥jÍj»²[¯n®¤/§%§»¬a¢Ë¬n¬nί®±j¥j¢"¤§£»Ð§³¤a¬l¤¯¯Ù±U§£«³Ê$¤aÍjj¯¥j{¢£®Ð¯O"Ú|»r¯j±§£[§£¤§Ø{§Ê7± ¤ ¬n±~«£¬nڻЫ_¢Ë§£§««j{»Ð¢£BÍj¬l¥~¥j§£»«³»ÐÀn²¬ly{¯p¢$¯J«¥j /J¥¥j¢Ëͧf»Ð{«£«%ÍV¬a¤aÎT°j¯U«£«u{[²¢£Ñy[[»Ð«²ÒlÒl»Ð[[{«³¯n± ¢{§ ½Ó É Î»¯J§£«³¤×ر~¬l ¤l»¯Ù¥®r§»Ð²{¤l¢ËÉ § ÏÊ$»§£j½ »Ð¯s¤>=º¨Õ ¬l«f¤¢£»§£ ¨»Ð¢BÊ$»±~{®©Ù¤mÒ¤l»®¤lÍj® ½ ½ §£»Ð¢f»Ð¢f±~»v[«[¯n§fÎϬl«f»¯J§£{«Ëר±~¬l ¤l»¯ »"¥j°V®§£¬l»«£²[§³¤l¤a¢Ë¯n§{§>Ó¤l²¬~§£±j»ÐÒJ¤m»©y§©
(25) ¤a¤a«¬l¯J¥j© ¯±Ö~ª¤a°j¢c°¤l®«£»²[¤a¢§£§»Ð¬l»Ð®¯~®×«®[{®ÐÒl¥[²®J§¤a¯J¥j§®r§§»¬"²[¤l°¢Ë§£«£»Ð¬¯jÒÀ*»Ð±~? ¶@ ¤P§£Ê$¤a»±~§&["פl¬n«£¢Ëu§F¤¬lÎj§¥jj®§£7»²[§¤n»"¢§c7«§¬l«£¥j©R§£§»Ð¯j¬fÀ ¬ v¢Ë{[«£«&Ò¤B»²°j «?¤l¿ Àl@ Ó¤§j»Ð² ¤»a"®§£°V{«£¬l¯«£¤a§³¤a§£»Ð¯nÒl§>"¯jÀn[«£u¬n±L¥jÓ&° ²j¬n"»±~{¥j¤f¯j»»¢F²[§£¤¬R§»Íj¬n¥¯@»®¢Ë±P{«£¤lÒ¯P»²¤l °jÊ$°j®Ðj»Ð²{[¤¯ §»§£¬n¯~[×G«®Ð[ Òl»{¢
(26) ®J¬¯jÒl¬Ù½{«£¯®¤a¤u§£©R»ÐÒl§£¬l °V¬n®¥j¬n®Àl§»Ð© ²{¤l ¢Ë§
(27) ¤n±~«¬l¥j¬a§£ÎV»Ð¯j°VÀ ¬l½ »Ð¯n°j§Ë«×G¬§£¬lÒl×G{°V¢f¬n§»j¯J§F[«§y¥j¯j»Ð¢¯j[¤a®¯ ¢ ÍV²[¤a®Ð§®ÐÊ7{±B[{AB¯yÒl§£[«B®¤uÀn© «£¬n¥j¥j°y®§£P»²[{¤n¢§uÍVÓ [É«³¯¢ ½ §¬mjÒl{«7«£{Ê$"j¤l»²»¯»¯j±jÀ"¤§³¬a¤
(28) λ§¢%j±~»Ð¢$»¢°§«¤a»°VÍj[¥~«$§{ÍV±L¬aÓ_§j¯»¤l¢7"»¢{¢$§j¤lB«£f«½{¥¤n¢Ë¢Ëu¬n±¯ »ÐÊ$¯±~J» ©"v[§£«j[»¯J¢§£¤a®Ð©l°jÓ °«£¬J¤l²y»Ð¢¤a®¢Ë¬ C%¤u¥~Òn§" ¤l¢£¯|j¬¤lÊ$¢£°V¯ {²j§¬æ ʧ¤§§"¬|®Ðͤn¥j²Ú~»®¢± »Ð¯ ¤ §Ànj«£¬n¥j¬° Òl[²«¬n®¤u"©s¥j¥j¯j®r»§²[»Ð¤²{§¤l»¢Ë¬n§P¯ °j¢Ë«{¬l«£°VÒ¬J»²¢£O¤l®Ð¢
(29) ¬n¯-»¢P§£¢Ë¬nu° ²¥j¬l«Î»r§©n¤@Ó ÎÏ¥jÉ ¯U®Ð®© ¤ ¢£²[{¬l²"¥«£° ¤a¯É ª »¬n¯@Ô¨°ª7¤aÕ °V[«DÔ¨?»Ð«£@$§£¥Ê7¤l ® ª_¬aΫ»§£Òj¤a»§£¢/¢ËÕc¬n®¥j§§£Ê7»Ð¬l¬n¯@«£Ú ¤l7¯[± ¯JÒj»Ð«£¬m¬nÊ ¯j"§£¬O[¯n«§u{Ó ±j¥É ¯² §£§£»Ðj¢$°¢Ë¤a§£°V«{{¢«¢Ê7®Ð¤l»Ð¢£± j¬m¬nÊ ¯s§jj¬yÊ °§J¬/©~ÎϢ˥»²[«Ë¤l§j®[»«$¯~ÎϻЫ³"¤l¢Ë°j§£«£«¬¥Òl²B§£¥j§£«"§£±~»¢¤l§¯j«£Ú~»ÐÍj¢¥~§£§¬Ù»¬n§¯jyÑy²[»Ð®Ð[°@¯²[¬a© Î ¤a°jj°j¨®Ð»«£²[u¤¢§§»Ð¬l¬l¯~Îv×§£®{Òl¨[°®v¤a°V¥j{®«§£»»Ð²[¢¤n¬l¢«§$Àn§¤l{¯j²»FE[¯j{±"»"J¤l¥j¢>u¢[ÎϬnÓ ®®Ð¬Êc¢$GF¢£{²§£»Ð¬l¯ »Ð¯n§«£¬~±j¥²{¢_§£j É ª|Ô¨ªÕX²[¬l¯²{°~§¢7¤a¯± ¬l¥j«°j«¬l°V¬J¢£¤l® §£§£¬j0²I«{C ¤§P¤¬mÒlÀl{««£¬l®¤m¥j©° ²[¬l¥"®r§»Ð²{¤l¥j¢Ë¯j§7»²[°j¤a«§£¬l»Ð°V¬l¯¹¬J¢£¢£¤l[®8«HJÒ¢Ëu»Ð²[²§»¬l¬n¯O¯ ¶/§¬l±~°¹»¢¬a²Î7¥¢»r§3¾¢ËHTu¢>¢£{§²j§B»¬n"¯¹[¿«Àl±~c[¬l§¤lÎL»§£®j¢B ÍVÉ ¬lÔ §£ §£jªU ²¤l¬l¯¯±J²[[IK°~C §R¬aÎ7°jÔ¨«£¬lª§£¨¬~Õ²[¬l®¤a¢>¯»Ð¯± ¬§£lj«³±~[ÍV«_{§£¯j¬/æ Üj²[«£§³u¢$¤¬a§£Î¨§¤
(30) j
(31) ¥j²¬l®§£¯»²[²[¤n°j¢§£§O×GH{¢Ë¯u¤a²Íj§£»Ð®Ð¬l{± ¯QÔ¨PPª»Ð¯nc§«£ÕL¬~H~±j¢Ë¥{²²u§£¢%»Ð¬l«¯N[®MR¤§»Ð{¯n±§«£Ê7¬~±j¬l¥«Ú~²¢u¢¤l¤
(32) ¯°V±[Ü«ËÎϯ¬n¤l«£® ®Ð©¤l¯Ê7äR²cæ ²[[¬lÒ¯¤l²[®¥®¥¤±j§£f»Ð¬l§£¯"j§£»æ ¢$¤a°§7¤l°j»Ð{Àl«{Ó ®»ÐÀlJ§¢ ½ S '8T!$) !$#7 F! 0&
(33) 2 3 /454 [#7'RF
(34) !UT #%! R C%²[¤§ÎϻЬl¬l«¯
(35) ¢£±~[{«¢Ò²»Ð«²[»Ð"Íj»¬l¯¯sÀ"§¬n¬l¥j° «¨¢£¬l¬lήХ~»r§ §»¬n¤a¯ ¯½ ±sÊ7j¬ÜÊ «³¢§£§¨j»Ð»¯n¢§¤a«£¬~°j±j°¥«£¬J²¤l²³§£sj±~{Ô¨°ª¤a«£Õ §¢R¢Ë°VÎÏ«£u¬n²1»Ü²§»j§£y»Ð{¢ Ê7½ ¬lj«¬Ú ÊX²{¤a§¬y««£»ÐÍj{¥j±¹»Ð®Ð¬l±O¥j¤"§
(36) Àn»Ð¯ «£¬n«¥j[°®¤²[§¬l{±"ÉWV ¥jY¯jX»× ½ Àl«¬l¥j°¢{Ó 1Z []\ ^`_acbKdfe:dfghbig5j>klbnmporqsout ¯jºc²¬l¯ ¯§Ê7¯jÉ ªÌ¬l{²«§ÚÔ¨«£ª7®{»ÐÚlÕv"¬a§?§£·Ojc@w ?Ðl¥É x¢£¯n@T[§«³»Ð[¢_¢$«£¯¤l¤l¯¯§{±"Ó>[¦J«º [§"[¢Ë¯u¬a¢£²§»Ð¥j$¬l«¯¬lÑ ¬lÔ¨ÎF²[ª7{¤P¢{Õ-°jÓF«¥»¢£Ò{¤a¥¢§£¢f¤RÔ¨¯²[ª¬l§ÕBÊ7Íj¢7¬l»Ð«²{¯Ú"¤a¤a¯ §£§»Ð¬l«¤[¯P§c°j¬l®[¤lÎV¯²[§£²¥j¬n¯j§£"«¯¬l°[¥j¤l®Ð»Í¢¯j¢Ë®Àuu¢Ë¢7¤l¬n®Ð¯P»¯±"$Ú±j¢$«¤[¤n§³"¤R²«¬l[¬n§£¯¢¢%²×ؤl«¤P©²{²°~¢£{§£¢»Ð¤a¬l¢>«¯P¢£{©±§£¢Ë¬
(37) §£¬l{¢£« {°²[¢¥j¥j«¤aÍj[¯®Ð®Ð»Ð±©² ²T¬n¥¢Ë¯j§£®Ð¯j©O[®Ð®Ð»Ð{¯j¤nÀf¢Ëuª_± «¬a®Ð§»Ð¯j¬~{²¢{¬nÓy® Ϫ_jª7{«£yª ¤a«"=T¤m²©l¥[«£« «[¯J§£®Ð¥j©Ù¯j§£¯j{«£®»Ð{¯j"ÀR ª_¤«£¬l¬l§£«R¬~²[§£¬l¥® ¯j8¯j= [®Ð»Ð¯jª ÀÙ °j«¤a¬a¯§£± ¬j²É ¬l¯n®§£¢B{«£Îϯj¬l[«§&ÔBªª«£¬lÕ¨§£¢J¬~²[?Ьll®~@ÖG
(38) {²[ªF¥j¬l«»Ð»r¯n§©§£×<§ ¬aÉ ª7תFÖ¬nu»² ¯J§ Ó É°jª7«£¬lÖ§£{¬~²y²[?¬l¸z®V@ÎϬl¤l«Y¢&=§£º¨j¨Õc¤l×<§±~¬aÒa×W¤a=T¯Jº¨§¤aÕ Àn%ÔB¬a½ ªÎvÕB¬ v¢ [ «Ê$»¾¯jjÀ»²¤n±~»ÐÒ¢¤aÊ$¯²{¤a±P§$²Ê7«R©°~¯j§£{¬n{Àl± «³ ¤a°jÊ$¾ jj»²%»Ð®Ð¢ËR{½ «£¬aÒ§»j²[{«c¢>¢Ë¤au¯²±/¥j«°j»r§«©y¬mÒl°ju«£¢¬l§§£¬¬~²[ÍV¬l®¢7§£jÊ7c¬nÍV«£Ú {¢ËÍV§¢Ë§£u§£²{¥j««ÎÏ»r¬l§© « IcÏl¬JÓ À¢§£Ó×<X§¬a«£×W{IcuÖ.¬n{¢Ë§RÛs²¤l¬l¯¯¯jÎϬl{«²§§»j¬n|¯¢{=ÓL»Ð¯JC7¥~u¦B¢Ë»A±~{Ö}¢ ? É P ª7@ ÖÓ_u²Pj»Ð¢f{«£¯[¬mÎϬlÊ «fÊ7¬l[¥j®Ð®&«$ÚÊ7¯j¬n¬«£½ Ê$Úy¯¹«[¤l®Ð¯»u± ¢%¬n»¯J¯ §£[É Ànª7«Ö¤a{§£²lu±OÓ »¯s"¤l¯J©Ù¬n°V[«³¤§£»Ð¯jÀ¢Ë©~¢Ë§£[ ¢. 1Z [8Z ~u_bhe:k%df_ s~-K:g5k.se:ke__e:>_K:_-:ghKghvKbd],ke:dWghbst__U K Û¹"¤l¯¤l¤a¢Àn¢Ë[¥j""[f¯J§f§ÍV¤[§¨§ØÊ%¤"[Ô¨[¯¹ªÕ´§£j¢£"[«ÒaÒ¤a»Ð«²[»f¬n¥°j¢B«¬¢£ÒJ»r§»{±~¢ {« ¤l ¯¬l±O«$ÔB§ª¤Õ §R§£Öjª »¢¢Ë»{¢$«£«£Òu»¢Ë²°V/¬n°¯«£¢£¬»ÍjһЮб~f{¬l«R⧬lj¯J §£«É ª7¬l®Ö~¢f{¤²3{Ô¨Ô¨ªªÕ Õ´V ±j±~[°jÀn®Ð ¬m© "[Ò[¯J»²§¨ ¤aϯ¬l± « V»Ð¢ §j ½
(39) ¤
(40) ²{¢Ë ¯n§¤l«®¤l®®L«°V¬l¬l¥j»Ð§£¯n[§c«¬lÊ$λr§§j
(41) É ª%¢£[Ö«{ÒJ²¨»²¢£R¥j°j°j°V«¬m¬lÒ«£§»½±~½ [»Ð¯ «§£u¤l¤a²³§¨ ²¢£¬n»r§®l®Ð{Ó>²§¢$j¤lc®Ð®vÔB§»j«£§£
(42) ¥²¤a¬n®¯~Õ¨ÜÀn§¥jÊ7«¬l¤a«§£Ú»Ð¬lAB¯°V¤a[¯«³±¤§°V»¬n¬l¯y®Ð»Ð²[å7©[»¯J¯~§£ÎÏ{¬n« «£ Ϭn¤«§ÔB»Ð¬lÕ0¯A¤a¯å ± §£j¤a»Ð§c¢R«£²[[["¯n§¬l«§£¤l[®®Ð»F©E[u²±O¬n¯~ÍjÜ¥~Àl§¥±~«£u©¢7¯¤l§£j" »Ð²PV ¤a °j°j¬l«ÎF¬n{¤n¤l²²³ ¢ËÊ$»§£j
(43) »Ð²³±~¹¥j«Ê%»Ð¯j¤lÀ¢f±jÉ ª7{¢£Ö»{Àn²f¯j{§±Ù¥j¯jÎϯj¬l{«R®¥ju¯j¢»§³²[¤a¤lÍj¢Ë®Ð§B»¢Ë§j«³"¤a¯{¢£¯nP§{Ó »¢¢Ë»Ð¬l¯¢ »¢BÊ%[®Ð®>¢Ë¥j»§£u±O§£¬ ¬l¤a¥j¯«>±@¯j¤l[²[u²[±j{¢{¢ÓF¢²[¬lj¯n$§Ô¨«¬lª®_Õ ¬aÎ%Ö§ª@j²[¤l¢£¯/»r§u{¤l¢¢£§£»®Ð©¤§§¤lÊ%Úl%¤l¯n»Ð½ ¯"§
(44) ²³§£¬ ¤a«¬lÀl»Ð7¯ §£¤Ô¨Ànª7«£¬nÕ ¥j°P¬n¢Ë¯u²ÍV¥j«[»r§©
(45) ¤a®Î ¬l¤aÎ%¯§£¤ljÀl{P²¬l{¯n"§_¤l¥j¢£°V¯{»Ð²{²¤§³½ ¢§£»Ð<¬l¤a¯ ¥~§Ànj«£[¬n¯J¥j§£°»²[Ó¤a§£»Ð¬lj¯ ±~©¯¤a"»²¨¤n¢Ë°V{²§7¬aΧ£jfÔ¨ªÕ §¬l°V¬l®Ð¬lÀn© ¢£»Ð¯²f¤¢£»§£f²[¤l¯¬l»Ð¯y¬n«7®u¤uÒlB¤Ô¨ªÕ ¤a§%¤l¯J©P§£»Ð" _Üj§¢7Ê%[®Ð®VÊ$»r§y§£j ±~©¯¤a"»²¯¤a§£¥j«P¬aÎ7¤¥j®§£»²[¤n¢§RÀn«£¬n¥j°Ó
(46) j{«£[Î ¬n«£§¤lÚ»¯À¤l±~Òa¤a¯n§³¤aÀn
(47) ¬lÎ_§jPÔBªÕ »Ð¯~ÎÏ«³¤l¢Ë§£«¥²§¥j«£§¬¬ V{«R¤ :$7x.
(48) ÎÏ ¥ju®Ð®Ð©&0¢£2.{!²[¥jw9x«£fW!xÀn9«£¬n 7¥j&z°9x 9²h¬n(P 1¥ ¯ju»Ð²{&c¤§2:»!$¬n¯W(¢£ O['«Ò!»Ð²[ 7f&z9x¢£ [9[ ¢ «£"u}¤l¢£ ¬l9y¯%¤a!#Íj& ®Ð9l Ó (É &§$
(49) F!¥¢Ë:§$!$ÍV R¯j ¬a%!7§& »Ð²[8{9|±y&§x 9¤!§ 79$%!7 "6x: !x9c w6!$x& ((!$& Ó !7'. YZ [ _K.dWe q}_. K-1,k]k"!0d]%dWe# Ûs²[»Ð¤l¨®ÍV¤l[¯®Ð±»Ð[Òl²[$¬l"§°V¤§§»r§§j»Òl»Ð¢7¤l[°j¯°jÒ«»«¬n¬l¤n¯²"PP{¯n{§¢$§³«£¢ "J¥j¤l»¯J«©P»Ð¯j¯jÀ"[¤Pu±jj¢ »Ð½ Àl»Ð¯ ®Ð°[Òl¤l[«Ë§®»¬l²¥jÎ&®¢£¤a{«>²¥jÎϬn««_»§Ø§£©njÓ_Bº ±j[§°j©°j®Ð¬m»Ð©²{¤a"®[¯J¦j§¤l¬lPΰ¢£®[R«ÒJ»¢c»²¤Pu¢>j»Ðu¯y¤l²[± ¬lJ"¥¤l"«Ë§[[«£«× §¢£»§£¤{§¢²¯j¬n[¯u±j²{¢R«£¯j§£¬Ou± ±j»»Ð¢Ë¢7§£®Ð«»Ð»PÍ¥~»§§£{± ¤<¤
(50) ®¤aÎÏ«[ÀlÊ §£²{¬l¯¯j¢ Ü ±~[Íj¯J¥~§£§$»¤a²[®¬l"±j¤a§¤l¥jͯj¤l»²[¢£/¤a§£§»Ð¬l¬Ù¯»r¢7§³¢«¥[¢"§¬aÍV§B"ÎϬl¥jÑ ®Ð®©²[{¢£¢{{Ó ²¥jÉ «¯s&§£Ïj»GÓ»n¢ÓF²[§¤lj¢£RP¢£§£¬l¥j «³²¯¨¥j¥ÍV¢[§«
(51) ÍV¬l Î ¤Él¯¥~§£§£j{»Ð¯n¢$§[»Ð²{¦j¤¤a§£"u± °j½®Ð §£§
(52) ©°j²¬l»²[¯J¤l§£®L{¯n¬l§cΧ£[j¯
(53) ²[«£°j©«£°~¬n§Íj{®Ð±[ ½¤a¯Ê%±§£j¤n±j±~»Ð¯n«{§[¢¢Àl«»¢Ë§Øu©²¥jÒl«[»r«§»r©Üu»Ð¢± §£Ój
(54) °j«£»Ð ¤a«©²¬l¯²[[«¯ ¯j¬a§¨¢²[¤l®Ð¤lÍj»®Ð»§Ø©nÓ>j ¯§[¥j¯¢{ÓÍV[«j¬l{Î$«£¢Ë[»Îϧ£¬lu«¢R½ §¤m¤Ò§
(55) »¯§³¤aÀ@Úl ¤ °²¤l{¯n«Ë§
(56) §«»Ð¤l¯ ®»FE[§£uj±pyÔB¤a°jª°jÕ «¬n¤n»¢²|®Ð»ÐPÎϬl»½«y§£uÔ¨± ½ ª7¤aÕ§
(57) " ¬J¤a¢¯§¤lÀl¤["ÎÏ[Ê[¯J§ J¥j ¯¤l¯±~±Ì«{±¤a¢
(58) ®¢£¬¹¤l¯ÎϽ±s¬l«y¥¢£¬¥Òl¤l[«®®Ð®Ð© ¤m©@¬n¯j®©s¥j®§£¤»²[ÎϤn[¢Ê § ¬lÎ>¤a¯j¯¬j¤a±~Àl{{¢ "[¢£¯n[¯§"±~¤l{¢/«¢cÊ7¬n«¨Ê$«£u»Ð®²®${»¢£Òl[{«¢ ®Ð¤a§£»Ð[¢¨«P¯¬l¬a¯§B
(59) ®Ð»"»Ð¢P»§£ÍJ{©@± ¯jÊ$¬¹jP»²³uO¤a¯®Ð¤l¢P«£Àn¤l[¯ ®Ð©»¢£»Ð¢£¯¥j²n«Ó {¤nC%¢Ë{¢£§£»j±~/{¢ ½ vÊ${²»r§§j»Òl»ÐP¯|¢£u²{¤l¤a²³®|¤aÍj¢£»Ð®Ð»r»r§§ © ½ §£Ï»Ð¯Ù§¯[«¥j ¢cÍV[¬l« Î ¯jÔB¬jª±~Õ {¢ »Ó¢cXF½ ¤"»Ð¯±~¤a» v®Ð®©"[«§[j¯JR§c¢»Ð¢²[¢£¤a¥j®¤afͧ£»®Ð»r¤a§§¨©"½ ²[»Ð¯y¤a¯§[u«¤l ¢£»¢7®Ð©y¬aÎTÍV§£j¤nf½ ±j¯±~¥j«{¢ÍV¢Ëu[±y«¬lÍÎT©Ô¨ª¤uÒÕB»Ð¯j¢ À Ï«³¢Ë¤{§Òlj[[«³«7¤a®v§£ÔB¤lÕc¯yA§jåBfÓ ¯J¥ÍV[«¬aÎF¢Ë»§£u¢ÎϬn«%{¤n². YZ [$ %K_ mq` o kl..Kdfe_(e::_ Ûs»Ð"y°j®Ð¯[¬m"Ê [¯nÀl§c»ÐÒl§yj ¤a¯@É ¯n§£¬m{Òn«£[¯«£Ò§c»Ð[Ô¨Ê ª¬lÕ Î%§j«y¬l¥jÀn°«£¬n¥j°@¤l¯²¤a¬lÀn"["¥j[¯j¯J§»²[ª_¤a§£«»Ð¬a¬l§¯ ¬~²¢Ë¬n[®«Ò »¬l²« É »Ô ¯J§£«¬~±~ª ¥%²[{§£± ¤»§c¯`Ê7?Ð@GÓ°j«£V ¬n°V¤n²¬n@¢£lÔBÓ&ªjÕ RV Ü «³¢§cÀl¥¬n¢Ë¤l§ ® ¬l& Î ¥jÉ {Ô «£©.äR{aæ $[ª °V¬n»¢/«Ë§¨§£"¬ u±j²»Ð¢²¤l¬¯jÒl»Ð¢£[«PÀl¬a«Î ¬l¥jÉä °|"ª&[Óvæ Û-ÍV[j«³{¢"¯s¤a¤¯±U®Ð¬~¢£²[¬l¤l¥j®«³²¬nu¢Ë¢§f®Ð¬~¯j²[[¤lu®7±j¢B§£¬¹§£¬/§jäR¬l»¢"»Ðæ ¯¹¢£»r¤§l¯ÓU[Ê´¬ Àn«£§£¬n¥j¤°O§"¯jÀn¬n¬a¤l§®7¤a»®Ð§ «{«£¤l[±j®Ð»Ð©{¢/«£u¬n²¯ {»Òl§ju± ͧ¬©§£¬l»Ð¯O»Ð¢§£¢Ëj»§£P ½Àl«§£¬l¥j ° V §j/»Ð¯~ÔfÎϬlÕ0« A¢¨åX§j§£äRPæ [Ôf¯¹Õ0¢£[A¯å ±j¢BÊ$Íj¤l»Ð²³²³Ú¹§£°Vj[P«£Îϯj¬l[«Ê ¢fÉ ª7¢Ë¬nÖPu²3/{Ô¨°V¬nª®Õ»²©O²[¬l²³¯~jÜ{²³ÀnÚ¥j»«³¯j¤À§£Ó »Ð¬nÉ ¯Î§§¬j"§£j¢£»»r§¢ PV »Ð ¢R¤l¤a¥~¯§£±j¬n§«£¬»FE[¤au®Ð± ® ¬l»Ð¯J§£Òj»{§£« u±V § ¬"¢«²[¬lÎÏ[¯«²[[§¬Q«½ ¯j?Ð{x± @ÎÏÍJ¬n©Ù«Îϧ¥jj«£"§£jÔ¨[ª7«¨Õ
(60) ±~[ÓT§¤a»Ð®¢[¥Ó ¢R¬l¯j®Ð©O¤l¥~§£¬l«» E{{± ¢£»§£{¢²[¤l¯¬l»Ð¯s¤Àl«¬l¥j°Ó É ¯J§£{«£u¢§{± «{¤n±~[«³¢f¤a« V Ê$°º¤lj°V®{»Ð["¯P«$»r§£§³»Ðj¯n¤c§£§«»¯J¬n¬~¥j¯±~¥§²jÍV{¬l[¢%«¥§Àl¬ajÎV«»[Ô¨¢"§£ª¬a¨§¤$§$Õ´¢Ë§»²«§£¤a¬luÑy¯¢>²[»²f[¯°~«£²[§¨{«£u°j¤a¤l®Ð®Ð»Ð¢£¬l²{{¯j¤¢ §£ÀP½ »Ð§£¬lÊ$¯»$§£»Ù¢$°V[°V¤l«£[¯ÎϬl«£Î¬m«¬n Òl«£{"¤a«£¯®u¤u²±© u¢ Í©yJ¥j¥j§®»§£j²»Ú ²[®Ð¤n©¢§¨±j¢£[¬l¤Àl®Ð§£«³¥~§¤l¤l§£±~»Ð²³¬lnj¯Óu±§£¬ j§£»¬"»¢>"§»¢F°jj«
(61) §¬mj¢£Òl$¬lf¥j«{§£«³¤n²»Ð¢Ën¢$¬nÓ>¯[Ñ Ê$²[[»«©
(62) {¯Îϧ£²¬lj©n«»Ó¢ ZY[ ' ~`b tgh)b (pg b *h_Ubhe:dfg bk ~ K.g5k. V ÉWV »²[AB¢¬l¥j"§«B¬ ¤l¤n°j¥j±j°j¯j±@«»²[¬n¢£¤a¤l{§£²³²»Ð¬l¥¯O«£±j»§Ø[¢£©¹[°«¤l§£Ò«Ë¬ »Ð§³²[¢
(63) ¤lÎϯ «»¯¹¬l¤a¤"®Ð«£uÎϧ£¤l¥jj±~®Ð®Ð©¹©ÙÊ7¢Ë¬nu¦~«£²»Ðڢ˥j§£«²[»Ð
(64) ¯j¤lÀO«£{«¯J»Ð{Ò±»¥j«®¬l¬l§£¯»¥~²[P§B¤n¢»{¯Ù§/¯n§B«§£¬ljÍ¥~ ¤l§¢£æ»{¯j±ÙÀOÖ ¬l»Ð¯~¯å ÎÏ«É ¤nª7¢Ö§Y«£u¥Xp²
(65) ²°V§£Ê7¥¬n¬l«£»«¯JlÚ§ËÓ ×G»¯§£AB¬lÀ"×G¥j°VÀn«¬n«£¬n»Àn¯J¥j¬n§c°¤l§£®_Ê$¥»Ð¯j¢
(66) j¯j[§£«[¬¹®¢{¤l§£Óf±jjÖ~±@²{°¤a¤Ù®«£¤a¬lÀnÍjÍ«£»Ð¬n®®{»¥j§ °© °j¤n¢Ë«°VÖ¬l°VVu²¬Jå §¢£¢ ¤lÊ7½ ®¤l¬lÎϱ¬l««Ú±~»Ð«£®¯j¤auÀ/¢£«¢£ÀlÀn{[±«£×¬n¢ÍJ²[¥j¤a©°®Ó§£jÒ »±~æ [¬Ö ±~V »å ¢§«£Àl»Ð«Íj¬l¥~¥j§°»Ð¬l½ ¯ »¢Ê$¯jj¬l{§«£{§¤nj¢&§£°jj«£»»Ð¢7 ²¤a¬n«¥j© ®±PÀnÍV¬n¤l¨®<°VÓl¬nX¢¬l¢Ë«$»ÐÍj»Ð®Ð¯$¢Ë§Ê$¤l»¯§£y²R°jÊ7«¬a
(67) §£¬j±~²¬"¬l¯j®¢>¬l²[§$¬l°j¯®¢£¤l»Ð¯±j[§£«¬"{±"¥¢Ë¤§_¬l§j¥j« æAB¥j«7Ê7¬n«£Ú"¤a®¢Ë¬±j[°¤l«Ë§³¢>ÎÏ«¬l §£¤a§%²{¤a««£»Ð{±"¬l¥~§%»¯y§£jBªª_Ô¨ªÕ ÉWV YX Ê7¬n«£Ú»Ð¯jÀÀn«£¬n¥j° Ê$j[«c§£jBÔBªÕ Ö{«£Ò»² ªÖ{«£«£¬ÒÒ»»Ð²±~{«ª_½ «»¬m¯ÌÒ»¤l±~±j[«±j»r§É »Ö¬nª¯|§£Ó ¬s°«¬l«£¬¥jҰٻб~²»Ð¬n¯jPÀs¤¹¥ÔB¯j»Ðª²{¤Õ§»¬n¢Ë¬n¯®¥j¢£§£¬l»Ð®Ð¬l¥~¯ §»½ ¬n¤a¯®¢$¢£¬¹±j[ Òl[¤l®Ð¢Ë¬l§£°V[u«³¢±§Íj©Ùª_²ª_¬n«£ÔBª¯Õ §°jÊ7«£¬l¬«ÒÚ »Ð±j¤a[¯«³¢±|²{»¤a¢ ¯¤a{¯ ¤n¢ËÉ »Ð¯n®©y§[§³«¤a¯jÚl§ ¤n±~¥jÒ®¤l§»Ð¯n²{§¤l¤l¢ËÀl§ËPר²[¬l¤aÎ7°¤l§Íjj®Ð[»Ð«
(68) ÔB¬ªÊ$Õ¨¯ ¢Kä °j?Ы£¬Ò@Ó »Ð±jÉ [¯ «¬l ¥J«_¥j²{»Ð°j¤l¢£"%[§¯nj§³$¢ §Ê7l¬
(69) Ó À[Ó ¯nɧª»r§»u«£¢¬n¥~§£§£j{¨«¢RÔ¨¬lª« ÕXæ Öªhª|=Ö¤a¯×G[±/¯¤a§jÍj ®Ð{É ±sÖª »Ð¯~ÎϤa«³¤l«$¢Ë§£±j«¥» v²[§«¥j[«£¯J §¨[§¯J¬Ù§£»¬ §£v»Ð{[¢{« Ó ÉÉ §>¤mÒl¬l»±j¢ É Öªs±j[°V[¯±j[¯²»Ð{¢&¾ ¤l¯±
(70) [¯¤lÍj®ÐÉ{¢T§£¬f¢£§&¥j°P¤¨Ô¨ªÕ̤l²[½ «£¬J¢£¢T¢£»§£u¢F²¬n¯j¯j{²§£{±
(71) §£¬¨§j ½ É ¯n§£{«£¯§&ÒJ»¤B±~»V{«£[¯J§ ±~Ö»jvª7¨[¢ «°j½ [«Ê$¯n»Ð§&¬l»r§«ÎÏj»r«£§¬l¬n»¥~u¢_§c¬l¤l«¥j ¯J«³± ¢[¥jÓ¤n»Ð«£¢£Õ¨»Ð¢£¯j¥j¬lÀP¯~"ר°j°~¢£«¥j§£[»Ð«£®Ð¬l°j»Ð¯P«¢_»»Ð¢Ë¯ »Ð¯j¤l¤nÀn«£©±~®© cÖ§£»Ð¯ jª-$§£¤aj¤aÀn °j«£°jæ{«[¬nÖ"¤nV [²åp¯J§{¢¤l¢¯¤l²±"¬l¯¯±ª_¢Ëª»±~Ô¨¥~[«§£ª{¥ÕX±¤a®T±~Ê%²[»V¬l¬l«{¯~ÚJ«>ܻФa±~¯j¯{À¯±Àn²»«£n¯¬nÓ ¥jÎ ¤n°²¢_§>¤l²«£¬nc"»¯y°j®ÍV{"¬l§£[¯n§>²[¤l{¢£¤l{²³¢_®¤a¬a«§Àlj[[®Ð« © ½ Í©¤l±j±~«{¢¢£»¯jÀ"±~»V{«£{¯n§c¯j{{±j¢{Ó ½. U. +, -+/..
(72) ! S !$!8
(73) U ! '
(74) ) T
(75) !& '¨ ³#%'
(76) 81" yF
(77) 8 1 []\ %u_ %*:k Kdfed]ghbk|qso `t ghb,_e q}_. K ghK qdf_
(78) g5j>kqso -t. лÍVæ ¢_¤a§§jÊ7¯¨©y[{Ê%¤n¯U¢Ë¤m°V©/§£uj»Ð²¯y§¢%Ê$Òa»Ð¤aj¯n«»§»²«£¬ny¬j¥±~¢PÔB¥ª¢£²»ru§ÕX±{¢"¢£ÍJ»r»Ð§©y¢P{¢7ÔBÎÏu¤aª¤l«Õ¨¢£¨»Íj¢$²®Ð¬l ¯¤m¯jÒl»{§ R²§¤P»Ð¢"{±~±"¯j»Ð«£§£¬lu¬n§"²Àl§c§£j§¤ajÙ¯[¤l¬l«7®¯j¬n¤l®ÐÀl¯©@¥j±PB°V§¬JÊ$«¢£¤a»r¢£§Ñy»ÐÍj²$»§£®Ð»Ðj»¢_§Ø¬J©|ÎϢˬnR¤a«£Ê¯¬a±UΤa«³°j²±~«{©~{±L¤a¢ËÓ»§£²[»ÐÉ ¤l¯jÎT®vÀs¤¯j¤sÎÏ¥j§Ê7®¯j®Ð©"¬l¬n¯~«£"Ú~×GÎÏ¢{{¥jÓ5¢£®Ðj®AB©U{¯j±"²f¬l§£¬n¯j¬l°VÎT¯¬l{§£j²®Ð¬l§{Àl{ ±© §£$¬n¬l°¥~¬n§®Ð{¬l±Àl© Õc²{[¤a§Ø¯Ê7¬nÍV«£RÚ j¬l»ÐÀl«$jÔB®Ð©yªÍVc[Õ ¯j[ÜÊ$²»¤a»Ð²³®L»Ð¯{¢£½ ¬l¥j"®¤R§£u¢£»r¢$§¥¤P¤§»¬n¥j¯®§£¢{»×ØÓ ¢ËÉ »§c§£¯Ê$¤§»¥j±~«
(79) ¤l¤a®®Ð«© {¤/®Ð{«£¤l¬n±j¥~¢%§£§£u¬P±§£¯jj[§Ê7²[¬l¬l¯«Úy²[[¥°~¢Ë§$»Ð¯j¬aÀ ÎÔBÉ ªp»Ð«Ë§Î ¤n¥²¤a»Ð®L®»ª_§£»Ð«{»¢{ÒaÓ ¤§£ ½ ½ client site. source. CPE. secure link. ISP edge router. client site. CPE. ISP edge router. client site. IP tunnel. ED/ivgmp. IPSec tunnel IPSec tunnel. ED/ivgmp. ISP backbone IP tunnel. IP tunnel. ISP edge router. source client site. Unsecure Internet backbone. ED/ivgmp. secure link. CPE client site. RFC2764 VPRN architecture. VNOC/RP VPN service provider. Our VPRN architecture. source client site. FX »ÐÀl¥j«"pG>KXFå ¾ · Pa¶PÒl[«³¢Ë¥¢¬l¥j«³¢%ÔBªcÕ´¤l«²³j»§£{²§£¥j«BÎϬn«$Àl«¬l¥j°²[¬l"¥j¯j»²[¤a§£»Ð¬l¯¢{Ó ¬l¤a°«jc¤)$n§£§£«³¥«³¤a ¤l¯±~É ¢Ëª»°§¤l»¬n²«£®Ð¯{¬l¯n¤a¥§{®j±ÓÔB¨Ê$ª¢£jc[[«³Õ «¢%R¤l"¬l²{¯j¬~²®Ð±~{©¢{¢_®¯j§±~¬~j{±~f¢u²¢¯j«»¬nÍV§¯Ê7u±P²¬l®Ð«»Ð¬lÚ"¯y¥Ò±»ÐXF¤/ÍVå ¬l¤"«³¾±~å7·[¥«cPa¢Ë¶ §£¤a¬n«? ·3Pf@ °{ «%¤lÜ«ËÀnª_§c¥j«£¬a«£{
(80) Î&"Ô¨»Ð¢£×ª®{[¢ Õ´Î § V >±~n²[u¥¬l¢£»¯²[°j«£¢£"»Ð»Ð°~±j{§[¯n»«¬n§ ¢_¯G¤H~å7¯j°jª ¬j«£V¬±~Ò{7»Ð¢$±j«£¬nÊ$[¥~«>»r§§£¯j{«»§¯Ê7Ê$§£¬ljj«»Ú/²³²¤n®Ð¢_¬l»¢%¥¤a¯±¤ «£®»Ð¬n¯j¥~Úv§£ÓB{«%²j¬l¯j¯°j{«¬m²§Ò»»¯±~À
(81) [«¨§£j»Ð¢¨R«²{¥¢£¢Ë°V§£¬l¬n¯"¢Ë[»ÐÍj«7®Ð»ÐR¯nÎϧ¬n[«¨«¯u¤a¢®V§³¤a¯jÍj®Ð§»ÐÊ7¢£j¬n»Ð«£¯jÚPÀ§£¬¤y§£"j{f¢£°jÙ«¬l¬mÒÎ&»§±~¥j[¯j« ¯j ¢{®Ð{¢B±~ÀnÍV¨§«£Ê7¬n{¥~[§£¯Ù{« §½ j¥¢£»°j¯j«ÀP¬Ò¤
Documents relatifs
Objectives: Find an alternative to currently used methods in cryptography in order to avoid side-channel
For solvable groups Arvind and Tor´an [1] have shown that the group isomorphism problem is in N P ∩ coNP under certain complexity assumptions but, to our knowledge, the
Regarding the channel coherence time, in the pragmatic approach, the quasi-static channel is considered assuming perfect channel state information at the transmitters (CSIT).
Evolution of the number of positive and negative PCRs among samples sent for con firmation of negative antigenic testing and the percentage of posi- tive PCRs (solid line) and
There is often a warning to be issued when employer / employee relationship is at the core of the use of a technology. In the present case, there might be risks regarding
The Gene tia, harbored by the subtilase-encoding pathogenicity island, is involved in the ability of locus of enterocyte effacement-negative shiga toxin- producing Escherichia
Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of
The strength of the lower bound given by the solution of the LP relaxation of the formulation (TIA) is almost the same in comparison to the lower bound obtained by the column