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NOLJS .. L'f'VO~~S RECUE ·

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NL-339 (Rev: B/SDI

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· ~ ·INVESTIGATION INTO THE CONTRIBUTION

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' ~e-TED FACTO~S

^TO

^THE

SATISFACTION OF USERS WI'l'H PUBLIC

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ANn

C:OMBINATtON

SCHO~LlPUBLlC LIBRMI~S

IN NEWFOUNDLAND

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A .Thesis sutimitted in partial fulfillment

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:of the require~e~ts. for the :degree of

'Mas t~r of Education . ^'

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D'ivisioO:. of Learnin.g Resources ): ·

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Faculty of Education. .,.

Memor.;lal University

of

Newfoundland'

' . ^~ . . . ^{' ~}

'·'

·July 1981

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st .. J~~'s :

^N~wf ounqland .

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.ABSTRACT· ·,

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.. This study. was.

d~signed

^{to ·d'}etermine the

·contrib~tion ·.9£ s~ected

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fact~rs .

to the

·aa'&sfac-ti.~n

of-

use~s

·of :pub'iic

a~d ~ombination sch~ol/

.·

' . . . • ' I ' - • ' . • . • • :.. '

·~

public libraries in Newfoundland ... The ma~n purpose of th.e investi~ation was i:o determine if the a'atisfactlon,.of adult

t~se'rs

of: public ..

lib~ati~a ·

. . ·

. . '

~school/public librari.es.

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·.·The' d~t~ for the study were obl!~:lined. throu~p ^·a. st;~~t-ur.e~ .interv.iew

. ··' ... ; ... based· on

· a questio~n'aire:~ Inter~l~ws · ~~r~· ·c6~~~ct:~d ~I; : ~· · ~·~~u~ity wl~h- .

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^{•· :The}

questio~nai~e

dealt with

~he

following: ⁽¹⁾ characteristics of the

.· 'people interviewed;. (2) users,. satis.faction with selected,- aspects of .their

'- A • ' '

... resp.ectiVe library; (3~. respond~tS I VieWS on .C~ml;>inatio~ s'choo!/p~blic

·:: · .·: · . .

as:~ ·.a .. means. of . pr.oviding Ubrary se~ices to rural Newfoundland; and ..

· :('4')'

.

^"

~on-~s- ers'

^'reasons fo:ta, not using the library

,!~ ~he~r _co~~nity

^•

.: .. · ..

. ·.·· ^An analysis•of tqe data showed that adult users' overall

•·.

~:at1si~;;tf - ~~ - .;,{th ^a .~bination· s.c~ool./,;~b~~~

library was

n~t si~nif.icant,ly

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·differ.~Jj.t .

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from adult

1,1S~rs '.

overall satisf-action ·wit.h ·a pubiic

ii.b~ary ·.

~~~·Ei ' w~a·

^no· significant

di.'ffere~ce

between the two

.'g~,.oup~'

satisfaction.

• t' .' I • ' ' • '

.

w~.th·_ libr '~cy

.hours, and atmosphere and surroundings ... However, \he

us~rs

' o ' ' I• . . • '

of'·. the.

p~b;Lic

library indicat'ed a greater degree of:

satisfact~on

^{with the}

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library's collection ·than did . the users o'f the combination _{. ., I} school/publi~

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: lil.b~acy . ^I

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. The·:r~spondents. w.ere_asked. ·to e"Xpr.esS-their -attitude-t-oward _-the,.~--·-·--

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' idea of having _. combi~ati~n school/public libraries provide library _{. - . . . ·' -} 'services. _. to r~J'al Newfo~ndiand; .. There was no. statis.tically significant difference .

.

....

e?tl?ressed. toward this

... . · ide~ .

in the community . . wi

~h ~

^·

p~blic l~bra~y

^{' · and the.'}

CO,IIIDl'llnity wi·t·h the COmbination school/public -library, .

o - ' ', ' .' • ' ' ' ·, ' •• • ' ' • I 0 .,.: ' ' ' ' ~. ^{' •}

The researcher test~d . to ·determine if the_ ,library' .a 'collection, .... . type of library, atmosphete_ o'f the libracy,·distance users lived fr~m .. the

.. '

library, library hours, ~nd. use~s' l~vei pf ~~_ducat~on, _sex·~ ~~d age were·

..

_s:tatistically ·si~ifica~t· factor~ in determining ·users' overall ·

.

^{., .,} . . . . .. ' . . . - ·. . . ^. .

•'

. s~tis.faction ^{with library·} se"ic~s. ^It:. was found that all of th~se

...

variables except ' library·ho~rir had significant influence on users' overall ·

, ;.

degree of satisfaction with library' s~rvice~. The two most· _powerful·· · .·· ·

· contri,butors. to users' -overall

S!'ltisf~ction

'were the

library_'~

^collection·:·;· '. :· ··.:· · ·

and USerS ^I l.eVel Of edu~ation,

An important' _{. I} r'ecoannendation emanating from the study is: a _{. • . .}

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_. 'studr.

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should significant-factors that influence . ·

usets' ic

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- . ~ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS·~

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· :The 'writer·· wish~s to~ acknow_ledge the. inva·luable advice .and ·

. ' ' • ' ' .. · ·... . . . ' . .,. ;r

'guida~ce of'Dr; .Garfield .Fizz.!Jrd. f'or· his as~is~ans;_~ in the completion

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., .·:.Gpi.~i.tude is: alsci expressed to,Mrs. Ruth. Cornish for" herr·

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co~op~·rj,<t~

^and

assist~~Dce

With the data.\

~o :1~

th<i resPondents to.

the.·ques ionnaire, . the public librariaqs and town officials who gave

as~iS~an

^e.

t~e

^{.,ritOr. tiahed • to}

·e~te~~

his ·.,atitudeo \ ·

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Fi~ally~ th~

writer. wished to

acknowle~~~

^{his. del;!\·}

'apprec~ation

t.o.; his· wife, Doreeri, for her

un~ailing

PCJ:tience

~nd. supp~: \· :,- ~ - -~

..

·' ...

extEmdetl

.e~pecial thanks

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.to her for typing .th:l~ manuscript. ,

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TABLE OF CONTENTS ^. '

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Page

·· LIST OFiTABLgs •• _.···-···.···~-( ••••••••.••• .,-... ~ •• ~ •. ·;; ••••• v1

' . .j' Chapterr

. I ·/

1. ·Introduction .....•. ·.~~·~.~.·.' •.. · . . . . ......•...••... 1

.. t /: .. 2 •. ,

4_'

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' . . . Baj!kground to the Study~ •• _ ••••••••• _- •· •••••.••••• ~ •• '. • -.· ••• 2 -Need

f·~.r {h~ Study.~.~~

••• .,• ••••••••••• · ••• :.

~

. . . · ••

;5

PUrpose of .the .'study ... · .. :.'.~· •. •. ·· .6

· Definition of Terms.· . .•... •.• ... ·· •....•...••... 7

and ,.Limitations ..•...•... ~ •.•.••. ~ . • . . . 7

1' •• Organization of the Study.~ . . . ... ., ••••••

· .s

. R~view. of Red-a ted Research Literature_ •••••••••••.••••••••• , • 9 -United· States Studies Related to Combination School{ Public· Libraries.:. • .. ·: . . ~ . . . · . .- ... ·. ~ .· ... • .· ... · . . . ~ .. 9

~;~ Canadian s'tudies Related to Combinat;ion School/Public J~bl~c;. ·L~~raries.· .•. ·. ~ •.... · ... ,· •... · ... . 19

SltDlDlar"y, ••. • ••••••••• .- •••••••••••• • ••••••••••••••••••••• 25 . ·' The Problem and the Methodology •••••• · •• -~ ••• ~ ~ • _-•••.••••••• ~ ²⁶ I Statement of the Problem~ ••• -••••••••.• ; • · •••••••••• •.• •• : • .26 The Questio!lS.

~.

^{•.• ••••.•••• ! • •.•. ·•·•}

~·

^{••. •}

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• • • • • • • • • • • • -.

~

²⁷

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^{\ . .}

The ·HypotheSes; •.. ...•...• .-...•.••. · ....•.. -. 29

'.Mei:hodoiogy .• ·•· ••• _. • .-•..• · •.•• ·~ ^{..••..•.• · •· •••• ' .. •.} ~ •••••..••••• · 31 Collection and Trea.tment of the Data.,; •••• ~·.".: •.••••••• .". ~ '.'33

.

'·

Development and V~lidation of the Instr~en~. · ••••• ~ •••• 33

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'-- L~S'I OF TABLES ^{'• •' I}

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-Table· . ' L

2.

3 • 4. ·.

. 5 •.

.,

'· . _{P~~e .}

' · .

R~sponsea· of Teachers ~nd AdminiStrators Concerning··

:·service. of t~e Sir ·winston Churchilt· Commui:lity· .

. ~~brary to ,~tud~nt_s .•..• . . ...... ·:~ •• ~., •.• ~ ••. ~. ~. · .••.••.•.•• ~-~; "''. 22 Responses of 'the Public to Questions Conc·erning · · . . ·

· Combination Schbol/Public Librarie~ in ·Newfoundla)ld ••• : • ••

iS. · S~mp1e .Population~

·.for

:~he'

.Study.,·.· ••••.••••. .' ••.

~~

•••• : ••

~

••• · •• 36

Ove~all Sat~sfaction

with 'Library·

Serv.ices~, ~

••••••

.-~

•••••••• 41 . '.. t,.. _. . . . ' .·' . . . . Satisfaction ~th the LJ.brar~es ¹ ~ollect1:ona,.; . . . ... .' . . . 42

,

^{... 6.}

S~tisf!lction

w;Lth the

~ibrarles' ·_

Hours •• • ( • •.

~,

•••••• ·•

~

•••• (._ •• 43 ·'

1·. Satisfaction

w~th

the

L~braries' Sur~d.un~iings

and · .

:·./ .

^· Atmosphere"' .. ·~, .• • · ••. , ..•.••... ~ •• , .••• _ ~ .•... ~ • · •.•.•••• ~ • .. 45 . 8. Males' and Females' Over

ali~

Degree of

·s~tisfactiori.

With

: · · Library Services. ·Provided by a Combination ·Library, ••••• ~ •• 46

9. ·Males' and Females'· Overall I;legree·· of S~tisfaction with ,

·

L~br~ry

^serv,i_ces

~ro~ided

^by

~ · sepa~ate_ L~!rary

^{•• , ••}

~ ~

^{•••• 47 ... ( .}

10·. Overall Degree of Satisfaction with Combination Libraty

· .. · · Services· of Users Below

.

. . .

'

35 Years of Age and.·^{. .} Those ^{. . . .} '^. ·

· 35 Years of ^Age ~~d Over~ •• ·,',, ••.•• ·~ •• ~ ••• ·~···~··••; •• ; ••••• 48 1·1 .•

.. . :...~~2.

' ^-~J . .

Overall Degree of s.atisfa~tion of Users· ·Below 35 Years .. ,

of' Age and Those 35 Years of Age· and Over· with Separat~ . · ,.

.

Publi~

Library.

~eryices

••••• .' _:· •• , •

·;s . · .. , . . , ' ( . , ^~,, ... . . . .',, .

^49.

OVer;all De~~ee of S~Usfaction of Users o Live Less ·

.:Than One: Mile From the Library and ·Tho e Who ·Liv:e One · ...

. Mile~r M?re·From the ~ombination L~brary.~~- ~~.··-···· ... ~l

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_13_._. Overall· Degree of Satisfaction of Users· Who Live ·. ·\ · .

. · ··Less Than One Mile· and Those Who Live One .· · ' ...

· ~ 'Mil~ or More 'From the. Separat~ ~ublic Librar~ .• ·,:, >~-.·.

•. · .. . .

^~_52.·.·

·14· . .

Satj.~·faqtio~ of Users wit:h Less_ Than High· School , . · '

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.--

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.· Educat~ori and··Those with High Schopl £ducatio_n_ · · · · · ··::

: · • an4 1J!Ore· with Combinat;on Librar~ Services,.,, • • •.• _. •••.• ·• ·• • 53

.

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15;

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Satisfaction. o'f Users Wftn~Lesa· Tha·n High School" . . .. Education .and Thpse ·with' High School Ed~ca,tion and .. _ .

· . More· with Separate Public Library Services ... _. . . . ^', . . . ^' . .

.

~-.... . ... -.-~ . ... 54 . .. ~-

·. ·,.

Jo ,

·Attitude of· Library ,-Users· and. Non~t,Jsers. Toward . Combining ·School and Publi.c Libraries,,,·.~.,~ ••••• :., •.•••

5 · 5

J . · .. ' . .

F-\talue of Selected Independent Variables 'on t:r.s.ers' ~-

Over<=!-ll

_- Degr- ee

·of Satisfact_:ton with. LU>'rary Servi~es.· •• · ••

57· ·

. - . ^'

. . .

18, ·

Re~~!)~~~-fo·~ ~dultsi No~-Us~

^df:

Co~b:ln~~\~

^{· · . \ _· ·_ .. ·}

. and s~.p~rate Pub_lic Librar:t~s ••. , ••• ; • ~~ •••••. , •• ~.,, ~-· •• 60 ₉ⁿ

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'

I .CHAPTER . 1 .

, . ' '! '

. ··j . ' -·

.. '<o. ·.··· .

.

, ^'•

. •. (

· . . ·

I~~O~UCTION. -:. . · · '\, •

I ' • 1

1"' ..

'1

: • i. ' 0 • • ~ • l '

. In Newf9u~dland a·nd· Labrador ther~ are eleven .ncombination· . ·. ·. ·

..

;

... .

,·.

. ~· . . , . , ~ . , , ' . I ' . , ·.,

. school/public libraries,'~ or libraries ,that. serve 'both a:s public ·l:l:brarH~s

. . .. _· -- ~ . . . . . . . -. '~ . _a . . . ^{i . : ·. . . . . :. .}

, (.and

scho~l l£br~rle~

.. Ten·

oJ

^the.se

bomb~nation sJ~ool/pub!ic l~brari~s

· ·

a;re located in ·schools •..

Chu\ch~ll

^{Falls I} library is," the exception, with "

~. ^{I , . ' , '} ~ ^{• \ , , ., , .} II

'

· th~

comtiolned

_.

_{-~ . .} -facilities located. witlifn the community _{. ..}

_. . .

^.

ce~t~r· .

. ·which

· cont~in's ·

the· s'chool, stores, and other _·community·

organi~at iions'.

~- This

^{.study··was.}

undertak~n .Pri~arily

^_in

an at~empt

^to' learn the effe~ts that· the· combin'ation

of·

a. schobl and· public library wit;hin

-j

~c-bok.

^{has· on·.}

~ib'ia.ry . se~ices_ offe~ed: .

^to

adult~·.

^{Fot:. the.}

st~dy

^·a

_,

• •• > •

a ·

·.'

· ..

·

.. ~.

.

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. .

.c . " ( '

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'·I_

comparison was(inade of two communi ties , ·one . with. a s'epa·rate public library

•' . ·. ,/ .

.

^{· , '} .

.

^{-~ · ·' • •• :>-}

·(

I .

~· .,6) ..

•:'

_a~d

^one

w~th :

^a

'c,pmbin~t~o·n s·~h~ol/~ub-l.tb i~biary,

^w:lth

~egar~ .

^{to_the ...}

• ' ' ,• ' '< .' . • . ^{n •, • ' \r}

p

adult' public's degree of sa~i!3_factlon ~ith. librarr services· in. each':

. ' . . : . ...3\--: ,-

community. . .~

I · /

.,. The initial prompting· for. the· s~udy was cre~ted by ,the Newfounu-· _ iand .Public ·Library

Servic~s

Annual Report l976-7.7 ·(Newfoundland_ Public

• • n •

. ' .

• - • . (> ~ -

Library Services, 1977) 'which stated _{. .} 'that ¹¹ the Board adopted a pqlfcy _.

.

· to dis·continue future arrang

1emenh·_ of .

.:ioi~_t 'school/t~ubllc

libraries ··(p;3?. ¹¹ The T:Eiaapn for this

deci~ion

^{apparent-ly wa:s ·;}based' on the conclusi9n

'•th~~ .

'

. .

the adult public may not be -well served oy combia.a.tion school/public

' ' ' , - ' • i • • '

^{0 . o ' ~ • ~ '- '' I}

,.

'·

...

•.··

"'

• 1 ,-1

'libraries. Because of this . decision,· a

means

~f ~z:-~anizing. an.d administering

. ,. I • , ( ;

lib.rary services to Newfou~dland ·communities with. l.i.mit~d financial·

•' ' ,.

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^'•

f. " "'! ..

~s .· backgrou~d

^{to this}

stud~'

^·.the' resear-cher 'will

b~ief,iy

^{. ' : :}

• !.-· - ~ra~e:

^the·

h~st~·ry

^oJ

pu~~ic a~~· ·

^sctoo.l

. lib~ar·i~s

^ln'

Newfo~~dl~nd;

^and

·

.. ...

. ^.

:

^~:

. ' . ' '- . " ,. ' ; :l. . . ' . '• : .

^{l ~ •}

i. ·.

ex~ne the r~l~t~o.Qsh~p".of'>'\ubl~c libraries "Vlth the schoois· ~n the,., ' ,·

(

.

^~

_.

^',

:.

' .

. ·~·

.

^·~ .. ^' . . .

. . . .

'• ...

-\ · _- · · . The

in •N~wfoundlartd

fs·

rlrati~~iy

^{.· ·}

short, ·and that of

s~h6bi lib~a-r

es is shorter.· .

· 'se:~ce :~ ::f::::~:t:::v:~::1 ^::f:::?. ::··:::::1:::7::::.~:~::::~ ^..

was. initi'ated in·

1~26.

Rowe (19J4)

' ;Lndl~te~ ~ ' tha~ ~hi~ :li~u.ry consist~d

. ·I

of_ "a~out

^{· -7,000 books}

tha ¹ ~· : ~er_e -~~n~ ~~

^·

a~~lt' g~oups

^••

^;,a sch~o~s

^{_ upO:}

1 re9-uest (p •. i93) ." · ' . " ·

.

'-

^'.-/-

; . In 1935 the

gover~ent .· ~f Ne~,ou~dian4 p<tss~d ^a Pub~ic

Libra"ries'-

A~

^t·; wqich au

t~oriz.~d· .

^the

cr~a~ 1 ^{~on of~}

^{a fu.}blic Lihrarie.s

_Bo~rd ·t~. cr~a

^{te · .}

_. and adpinister

a·p~?HC.\. ·~ibr~~~ - f~r · s·t·~

^{.John'.s. _It}

_ap~~ar~

^{t:{e Boar·d-}

was determined to· ~xi)and libr:ary

.

·services~ -In 193~ th~, Goslt,ng Hemo_rial ·

. 'I . .

. Li.brary was opened in St. John '.s • ^.o By~ 1~_42 there -~as created

a

^{system_ of}

. .

^{' .') . . . . : . ' : . . .}

^:

. '

libraries: which 'consiste_d of. a central library located at St. John's .~nd ₁_

:

~ p. r~~i,c_~-wide .regiona~. ^{_ syst. em • .} ··By .. 195~_· "~1ft! · i'io;a~ie~.

had been ..

·established: ~f which th:ijty-~wo_ were· serV-ing ·~earby_ cOllllllu~ities ~O'ftle,

.

'.

^{,.. . ' . ._ '}

,·

.

..

·.Today ~he puJllic_ lihra~y services in ·Newfoundland continues, to .

..

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