ESG-10 at 160°C

Yves BROSSEAUD

Ingénieur ENSAIS – directeur de recherche au LCPC Michèle SAINT JACQUES

Professeur – directeur Département de génie de la construction – ETS Canada Christine LEROY Ingénieur Ville de Paris

Infra 2007 – Laval 5-7 novembre 2007

Les matériaux bitumineux tièdes arrivent en ville : premières Les matériaux bitumineux tièdes arrivent en ville : premières

applications d’asphaltes et enrobés tièdes en ville de Paris.

applications d’asphaltes et enrobés tièdes en ville de Paris.

ESG-10 at 160°C

ESG-10 at 160°C ESG-10 at 130°C ESG-10 at 130°C

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Warm Mix Asphalt in the capital of Paris

Warm Mix Asphalt in the capital of Paris

Some data from Paris:

- 1601 km length of ways

- 13 500 000 m² of roadways & 1 380 000 m² for BP - 10 000 000 m² of side walks & 300 000 m² for BP - 2 125 000 inhabitants

- 9 420 km of cables for electricity - 2 040 km of conduits of gas

- 2 700 km of various drains:

- 12 000 openings of excavations per annum

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Surface layers : actual overview

Surface layers : actual overview

Surface layers : actual overview Surface layers : actual overview

Mastic Asphalt 250°C – 482°F

Hot Mix Asphalt 150°C – 300°F Mastic Asphalt 200°C – 380°F

Warm Mix Asphalt <120°C – 240°F

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The Parisian

inhabitants are more and more worried

about bitumen fume

for their own health

and the workers’ too.

Terminology WMA

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

7 6

5 4

3 2

1 0

Cold

asphalt

ergie de chauffage (Kg/T)

°C

Kg/T

Warm asphalt

Hot mix asphalt

HEATING

VAPORIzATION

DRYING

Semi-warm asphalt



Latent heat vaporization of water :

537 kcal/kg

250°C

M as ti c as ph al t

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Hot coating phase

Hot coating phase ^{(reminder) (reminder)}



Aggregate-bitumen interface conditions

(decreasing of tension surface)

to get a durable and efficiency coating by using effect temperature.



Aggregates :



Bitumen :

 Coating viscosity < 150 cSt

 Temperatures > 120 at 170°C (depending nature of bitumen)



What’s look for WMA?

What’s look for WMA?

Advantages:



Reduction of energy consumption



Less pollution, concerning

 People (workers, users, bordering the road)

 Environment conditions



Decreasing of bitumen ageing during production



Less wear on mixing plant



WITH the same performances as hot mixes

Continue coating, final properties just after placement

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WMA principles

WMA principles (1) (1)



Coating in another way to get:

 totally and uniformity coating

 binder without

 nominal and final properties after placement

 reducing the production and compaction temperature

 control the binder viscosity during whole placement

duration

 Spray and disperse the bitumen around all the aggregates:

1) Effect of plasticizing

2) Combination effect of “soup”, foaming, emulsion

control of the water coating phase, and preserving this effect during placement

3) Effect of “double coating”

4) Effect of “lubrication”

 Effect of the specific properties of binders, like synthesis binders of vegetable origin, or by re-heating cold mixing in special drum.

WMA principles

WMA principles (2) (2)

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Gravel totally coating by bitumen.

Thick bitumen film around grain PHASE 2

Humidity sand create an expansion of bitumen

around gravels PHASE 3

expansion make the coating - increasing temperature of sand

easier

100°C PHASE 4

Good thermal equilibrium : between mineral skeleton, residual water and bitumen, to

keep a sufficient workability.

60°C PHASE 5

Hot bitumen + adhesion agent Aggregates dry and hot

120°/150°C PHASE 1 170°C

EBE

(enrobés basse énergie) - principle

One example

Technique Name ^Company Principle of manufacture

Addition in mixer ASPHA-MIN ^EUROVIA Hot skeleton (130°C) + zeolites + bitumen

Special bitumen 3E – LT ECOFLEX

COLAS Group

SCREG Hot skeleton (130°C) + special bitumen (ready to use) Special binder VEGECOL COLAS Group Hot skeleton (130°C) + synthesis binder of origin plant Double coating 3E - DM COLAS Group Hot skeleton (130°C) + soft bitumen + foamed bitumen Sequential coating 3E - DB COLAS Group Hot skeleton (130°C) + soft bitumen + hard bitumen

Sequential coating EBB (LEA) – mixes low energy

FAIRCO Hot fine gravels (150°C) n+ bitumen + wet sand (20°C)

Sequential coating EBT (LEA) – mixes low temperature

EIFFAGE TP Partially heated skeleton (95°C)+ bitumen or

Hot fine gravels (150°C) + bitumen + wet sand (20°C)

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1st test in 1993 :

Rue St Maur – Paris 10ème SMAC ACIEROID

Mastic Asphalt 0/10 for road ways laying with a finisher at 210°C – 400°F

First improvements for mastic asphalt.

First improvements for mastic asphalt.

Other tests were realized with almost of Parisian mastic asphalt laying contractors:

Rue de Panama – SPAPA (ASTEN) 1994 Rue de Javel – SMAC ACIEROID 1995 Rue Léon – SPAPA (ASTEN) 1994 Rue de Suez – SPAPA (ASTEN) 1994 Rue Bellot - EUROVIA 2002

Mastic Asphalt 0/10 for road ways laying with a finisher at 200°C or 180°C – 380°F or 350°F

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SMAC ACIEROID has a new patented process

« NEOPHALTE LOW TEMPERATURE »®

Work site in 2004 – Rue de Courty – Paris 7^ème Laying temperature : 150 °C – 300 °F

Today - Rue de Courty

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Since 2004, Paris City Municipality Roads Department decided to test each new process suggested by HMA laying contractors :

• new supplies voted for “innovation”

• technical studies of WMA proposed by contractors

• choice of work sites

• realization of test strips

• following up by the Municipal Laboratory for testing materials …

Since 2004, Paris City Municipality Roads Department decided to test each new process suggested by HMA laying contractors :

• ASPHAMIN – EUROVIA in 2004, July – Bd Fort de Vaux (BBM 0/10)

• EBE – FAIRCO in 2006, March – Rue du Fbg Montmartre (BBM 0/10)

• COL-3E – COLAS in 2006, April – Rue de Lyon (busway BBM 0/10), Route de la Ferme (Coloured layer BBM 0/10),

Rue des Ardennes (BBTM 0/6)

• EBT – APPIA in 2006, June – Rue Cortambert (BBM 0/10)

• ECOFLEX – SCREG in 2006, May – Rue Chalgrin (BBM 0/10)

• ECOLASTIC – SCREG in 2007, February – Rue Franco-Russe (BBM 0/10)

…

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In 2004, July 1st test realized with WMA from Eurovia .

Thin asphalt concrete (BBM 0/10) « RUGOVIA » laying by night at 115°C- 230°F

Bd Fort-de-Vaux – Paris 17ème EJL Paris Agency

Today – Bd Fort de Vaux

In 2006 (March), a test realized with WMA from Fairco and Linea BTP .

Thin asphalt concrete (BBM 0/10) « EBE 0/10 » laying by night at 75°C- 167°F

Rue du Faubourg Montmartre – Paris 9ème – Fairco/Linea BTP

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Rue Franco-Russe – Paris 7ème Screg IDFN Agency

Thin asphalt concrete (BBM 0/10) « ECOLASTIC » laying at 120°C- 248°F

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In 2006 (april) test realized with WMA from COLAS .

Very Thin asphalt concrete (BBTM 0/6) « COL-3E » laying at 120°C- 248°F

Rue des Ardennes – Paris 19ème Colas Paris Bonneuil Agency

Today – Rue des Ardennes

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Rue de Lyon – Paris 12ème (Busway) Colas Paris Bonneuil Agency

Thin asphalt concrete (BBM 0/10) « COL-3E » laying at 120°C- 248°F

Sustainable development is becoming a political aim

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Situation today: evolutions and applications Situation today: evolutions and applications

of WMA developed in France of WMA developed in France

 Studies and researches : 2000 – 2003

 Experimentations : 2002 – 2005

 Industrialization : 2004 - 2006

 Applications (many job sites)

 Zéolithe : 180 000 t (France 75%, Germany, Canada, US) - 2004

 EBT : 5 à 6 000 t - 2005

 EBE : 15 000 t (France, expérimentations USA) - 2005

 3^E _ ECOFLEX : 10 000 t - 2005

 Ecomac : some experimentations

 Wam Foam : some experimentations (italy)

 Végécol : some experimentations

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The preservation of road infrastructures with tacking into account the environmental requirements it is possible today, so why wait tomorrow even if there are some observations and

MERCI DE VOTRE ATTENTION