Motion Analysis of 3D Rigid Curves from Monocular Image Sequences
Texte intégral
(2) INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE. Motion Analysis of 3D Rigid Curves from Monocular Image Sequences The´o Papadopoulo. N˚ 2779 Janvier 1996. PROGRAMME 4. ISSN 0249-6399. apport de recherche.
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(82)
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(84)
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(87)
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(92)
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