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What is the Search Space for the Inference of Non Deterministic, Unambiguous and Deterministic Automata ?

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HAL Id: inria-00071673

https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00071673

Submitted on 23 May 2006

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What is the Search Space for the Inference of Non Deterministic, Unambiguous and Deterministic

Automata ?

François Coste, Daniel Fredouille

To cite this version:

François Coste, Daniel Fredouille. What is the Search Space for the Inference of Non Deterministic, Un- ambiguous and Deterministic Automata ?. [Research Report] RR-4907, INRIA. 2003. �inria-00071673�

(2)

ISRN INRIA/RR--4907--FR+ENG

a p p o r t

d e r e c h e r c h e

THÈME 1

INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE

What is the Search Space for the Inference of Non Deterministic, Unambiguous and Deterministic

Automata ?

François Coste, Daniel Fredouille

N° 4907

Août 2003

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