As realistic water simulation itselfis computationally expensive, accommodatingthe added complexity dueto floating objects can be a difficulttask

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A Thesis submittedtothe School of Graduate Studies

in partial fulfillment ofthe requirements forthe degree of Masters of Engineering

Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science Memorial University of Newfoundland

October, 2015

St. John’s Newfoundland

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ABSTRACT

The multi-craft problem is defined as simulating the interactions of multiple objects floating on water. This encompassesthe directinteractions between water andthe object, and indirect interactions between objects that occur via the water. Existing solutions generallytreatthe floating objects as simple 3-dimensional volumes with properties, such as weight and buoyancy. For many practical situations,these objects needto be simulated by complex rules. The simulation of shipsis a casein point. As realistic water simulation itselfis computationally expensive, accommodatingthe added complexity dueto floating objects can be a difficulttask. The research presentedinthisthesis proposes a method for distributed water simulation wherethe scope of each participating simulationis chosen by the modelthat governsit. Forthe multi-craft problem,this means simulatingthe waterin one node and simulating the floating objects in other nodes in a network. Details of two prototypes created as part of this research are presented to show its applicability for solving this problem and how implementation of such a scheme can be achieved. Its effects on modularity, performance, scalability and reliability are alsoillustrated.

Key Terms: Multi-Craft Problem, Distributed Simulation, Model Development

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I acknowledge my profound gratitude to my supervisors Dr. Dennis Peters and Dr. Brian Veitch for their continuous guidance and support throughout the program. Working with them has been a great learning opportunity and a wonderful experience. Their encouragementis what motivated meto finishthis work successfully.

I acknowledge with thanks the financial support provided by NSERC (CREATE and Discovery Grants) and ACOA (AIF program). Thankstothe entire Virtual Environments for Knowledge Mobilization Team fortheir continuous assistance duringthe program.

Thanks a lot to Ashiq Junayed, N. M. Toufiq, Mahmudul Hasan and Debraj Laheri for being so supportive and helpful. Thanks for always beingthere for me and for allthe fun we hadtogether.

Special thanks to my parents A.K.M. Afzalur Rahman and Jahanara Rahman, and my wife Mashrura Musharraf for their unconditional love and support. They are my inspirationto reach new heights, and my comfort when I occasionally falter.

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Table of Contents

ABSTRACT........................................................................................................................ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...............................................................................................iii

Table of Contents...............................................................................................................iv

List of Tables.................................................................................................................... vii List of Figures.................................................................................................................. viii List of Symbols, Nomenclature or Abbreviations.............................................................ix

Chapter 1: Introduction................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Dividing by Model................................................................................................3

Chapter 2: Background................................................................................................... 5

2.1 Message Passing Interface.....................................................................................5

2.1.1 Important MPI Concepts................................................................................7

2.1.2 Process-to-Process Synchronization............................................................11

2.2 High Level Architecture......................................................................................13

2.2.1 Important HLA Concepts.............................................................................14

2.2.2 HLA Services...............................................................................................17

2.2.3 Federation Development..............................................................................19

2.3 IWave Algorithm.................................................................................................20

2.3.1 Linearized Bernoulli’s Equation..................................................................21

2.3.2 Energy Source..............................................................................................23

2.3.3 Obstruction...................................................................................................24

2.3.4 Wake............................................................................................................24

2.3.5 Pseudo Code.................................................................................................25

2.4 Related Works.....................................................................................................25