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The impact of environmental inequalities on the resilient potential of a coastal city subjected to natural hazard
Nathalie Long, Pierre Cornut, Virginia Kolb
To cite this version:
Nathalie Long, Pierre Cornut, Virginia Kolb. The impact of environmental inequalities on the resilient potential of a coastal city subjected to natural hazard. EGU Conference, Apr 2019, Vienne, Austria.
�halshs-02397572�
Hold the coastal line
Managed retreat
THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL INEQUALITIES ON THE RESILIENT POTENTIAL OF A COASTAL CITY SUBJECTED TO
NATURAL HAZARD
Nathalie Long 1 , Pierre Cornut 2 , Virginia Kolb 1
1 UMR LIENSs, Université de La Rochelle – CNRS, La Rochelle, France
2
Faculté d’Architecture et d’Urbanisme, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgique
METHODS
At this stage of our research, we mainly rely on a qualitative analysis based on two case- studies in the La Rochelle urban fringe: Aytré and Charron municipalities. We firstly highlight the advantages and drawbacks of each strategies from the point of view of two populations:
the impacted private owners and the inhabitants of the coastal municipalities. We sort the criteria among economic factors, personal matters, environmental amenities. The color of the table represents in blue some advantages and in orange some drawbacks. In addition to these comparative advantages and drawbacks, we secondly estimate the economic cost for each population category in line with French legal and insurance system, using a qualitative scale from high cost to no cost and from advantages to no gain.
RESULTS
With the hold the coastal line strategy, owners and inhabitants have almost the same advantages and drawbacks, environmental inequalities are maintained on the coastal territory (inequality to access to amenity and property). In the case of a managed retreat strategy, owners are more disadvantaged than the other inhabitants but they do not pay to maintain few private owners on the coast. Environmental inequalities decrease and, in the long term, a managed retreat strategy may favor a social justice.
Adaptation strategies Hold the coastal line (seawall) Managed retreat
Which Indicators
Private owners Inhabitants of the municipality
Private Owners Inhabitants of the municipality
Economic and property values
Preserved Preserved Loss of the real property but
financial compensation
Preserved
Accessibility to the coast Preserved Preserved Decrease Preserved
Environmental evolution of the coast
Artificialization Artificialization Renaturation Renaturation
Natural hazard exposure Protection of buildings and inhabitants and lower
exposure
Protection of territory and lower exposure
Decrease Decrease
Inhabitant feeling Weel-being Weel-being Anxiety/ stress linked to
relocation
/
Living place Strong place dependence and social relationships
preserved
Strong place dependence and social relationships
preserved
Loss of living place and of social relationships
Loss of social relationships
In blue : advantages In orange : drawbacks
Increase of coastal population &
activities +
Rise of natural hazards
(Climate Change)
Main
adaptation strategies to increase urban resilience
Managed retreat Seawall
€
(cost/benefit criteria)
Rise of social inequalities and reduction of social
cohesion
?
Decrease of urban
resilience
?
In France, the legislation and the insurance system related to the adaptation strategies generate different costs and benefits for inhabitants. All inhabitants which have an insurance contract pay a percentage to compensate victims of natural disasters. Furthermore, a local tax per household allows funding coastal defense, over the long term.
Who pays? Who benefits? How solidarity operates?
INTRODUCTION
Acknowledgements :This study was conducted in the scope of the project INEGALITTO, funded by Fondation de France
