HAL Id: hal-01008391
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01008391
Submitted on 1 May 2018
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access
archive for the deposit and dissemination of
sci-entific research documents, whether they are
pub-lished or not. The documents may come from
teaching and research institutions in France or
abroad, or from public or private research centers.
L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est
destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents
scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non,
émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de
recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires
publics ou privés.
Marine growth colonisation process and profile in guinea
gulf: from inspection data to load computing
Morgan Boukinda, Valérie Quiniou-Ramu, Franck Schoefs, Michel Birades,
Alain Lahaille, Raymond Garretta
To cite this version:
Morgan Boukinda, Valérie Quiniou-Ramu, Franck Schoefs, Michel Birades, Alain Lahaille, et al..
Marine growth colonisation process and profile in guinea gulf: from inspection data to load computing.
ASME 2005 24th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, Jun 2005,
Halkidiki, Greece. pp.611-618, �10.1115/OMAE2005-67194�. �hal-01008391�
MARINE GROWTH COLONISATION PROCESS AND PROFILE IN GUINEA GULF: FROM
INSPECTION DATA TO LOAD COMPUTING
BOUKINDA Morgan
GeM, Institut de Recherche en Génie
Civil et Mécanique, Université de
Ecole Centrale de
Nantes-CNRS, Nantes, France
QUINIOU-RAMUS Valerie
TOTAL S.A.
Paris, France
Metocean Specialist
SCHOEFS Franck
GeM, Institut de Recherche en Génie
Civil et Mécanique, Université de
Ecole Centrale de
Nantes-CNRS, Nantes, France
BIRADES Michel
TOTAL S.A.
Pau, France
Structural Engineer
LAHAILLE Alain
TOTAL S.A.
Pau, France
Sub-sea Inspector
GARRETTA Raymond
TOTAL S.A.
Pau, France
Structural Engineer
ABSTRACT
✤✄✥✧✦✧★✩★✩✥✪★✩★✬✫✭✥✪✮ ✎✯✂✱✰ ✥✧✲ ✡ ★ ✎✡ ✮ ☞✳✂✍✰☛✰ ★ ✌✏✂✍✟ ✥✴★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟ ✥✧★✸✮✏✥✧✥✧✹✍★ ✟ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✏✦✧✺ ✦ ✡✹ ✎✂✍✂ ✺★ ✎✂✻✵✬☎ ✹✍✦ ✎✥✼✮✏✥✪✽ ✡✮ ✰✾✂✍✟✫✭✦ ✎✡✂ ✮❀✿❁✫❂✥ ✎✂✍✶ ✥✧✦✪✮❃✹✍✦ ✎✦✧❄❅✮✏✥✪✽ ✟✥ ☞✏✵ ✺✦ ✎✷✡✂ ✮✏★✩❄❇❆❆❆❈☛❆❊❉ ✌✏✡★ ☎ ✦☎ ✥ ✟❋✰✾✂✍✶✧✵ ★✩✥✧★ ✂ ✮●✫✭✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌ ✫✭✦✧✮✏✦ ☞ ✥✪✫✭✥✪✮ ✎❍✂ ✮❏■✬✦ ✶✧❑ ✥ ✎❍✂✍✰☛✰ ★ ✌✏✂✍✟ ✥▲★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟ ✥✧★✩❆ ✗✚✰☛✎ ✥ ✟✼✝ ✥✧✦ ✟ ★ ✂✍✰ ✥✧✲ ☎ ✺✂✍✡✎✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✏❄▼✫✭✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌◆✎✷✌✏✡✶✧❑ ✮✏✥✪★✩★ ✟✥✧✦ ✶✧✌ ✥✪★ ✵✬☎❖✎✂P✎✌ ✥ ✡✮ ✡✎✡✦✧✺ ✕ ✥✧✦✧✫◗✹ ✡ ✦✪✫✭✥ ✎ ✥ ✟ ❆P❘☛✮✏★ ☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮❙✦✧✮✏✹ ✶ ✺✥✧✦✧✮ ✡ ✮ ☞ ✦ ✟ ✥❚✦ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮✍★ ✎✂❃✕ ✥ ✂✆☎✖✎✡ ✫ ✡❯ ✥✧✹✍❄ ❑ ✥✧✥ ☎✖✡ ✮ ☞▲✡ ✮❊✫ ✡ ✮✏✹ ✎✌ ✦ ✎ ★✩✦ ✰ ✥ ✎✷✝ ✫ ✵ ★ ✎✳✕ ✥ ☎✖✟ ✥✧★✩✥ ✟☛❱ ✥✧✹ ✦ ✶✧✶✧✂✍✟✹ ✡✮ ☞❲✎✂❳✶✧✂ ★ ✎❨✟✥✧✹ ✵✏✶✧✎✡✂ ✮✍❆❍❉ ✌ ✥ ☎ ✦☎ ✥ ✟✔✰✾✡✟★ ✎❩☎✖✟✥✧★✩✥✪✮ ✎★ ✎✌ ✥ ✕✖✵✏✡ ✺✹ ✡ ✮ ☞✣✂✍✰ ✦✧✮✣✥✪✲ ✌ ✦ ✵ ★ ✎✡✷❱ ✥❬✹✍✦ ✎ ✦ ✕ ✦✧★✩✥ ✡ ✮ ❱✏✡ ✥✪✽ ✎✂❭✵ ★✩✥ ✎✌ ✥❩✽ ✌✱✂ ✺✥ ✦ ❱ ✦ ✡✺✦✕ ✺✥ ✡✮ ✰✾✂✍✟ ✫❂✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✏❆ ✗ ✮ ✡✺✺✵ ★ ✎✟✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✡★ ☞✏✡✷❱ ✥✧✮ ✰✾✂✍✟ ★✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟✥✧★ ☎ ✺✦ ✶ ✥✧✹ ✡✮✭❪ ✵ ✺✰✖✂✍✰ ❪ ✵✏✡✮✏✥✧✦✪❫✯✫✭✦ ✡✮✭★☎ ✥ ✶✧✡✥✪★✩❄ ✶✧✂ ✺✂ ✮ ✡❯ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ☎✖✟☛✂✍✶ ✥✧★✬★✄✦✧★ ✽✚✥✧✺✺◆✦✧★❖✫ ✂ ✹✍✥✧✺ ✡ ✮ ☞❚✂✱✰❭✎✷✌✏✡✶✪❑ ✮✍✥✧★✩★ ✡ ✮ ✶✧✟ ✥✧✦✧★ ✡ ✮ ☞ ✦ ✟ ✥❴✹ ✡ ★ ✶✪✵ ★✩★✩✥✧✹✱❆ ✗ ✫ ✂ ✹✍✥✧✺✡✮ ☞❵✂✍✰❊✌✍✝ ✹ ✟☛✂ ✹ ✝ ✮✏✦✪✫ ✡✶❛✶✧✂ ✥ ✰✾✰✾✡✶✧✡✥✪✮ ✎❜✡★ ✎✷✌ ✥✧✮❵★✵✍☞✏☞ ✥✪★✎✥✧✹ ✦ ✶✧✶✧✂✍✟ ✹ ✡ ✮ ☞✘✎✂❂❑✏✡ ✮✏✥✪✫❂✦ ✎✡✶ ★ ✰✾✡ ✥✧✺✹❂✦✧✮✏✹ ☎✖✌✍✝ ★ ✡✶ ✦✧✺ ✟ ✥✧★ ☎✖✂ ✮✏★✩✥✚★ ✵✏✟❁✰ ✦ ✶ ✥✧❆INTRODUCTION
✤✄✥✧✦✧★✩★✩✥✪★✩★✬✫✭✥✪✮ ✎❝✂✱✰❞✂✱✰✾✰★ ✌✏✂✍✟✥❂★ ✎✟☛✵✍✶✧✎✵✏✟✥✧★❡✺✥✧✦✧✹✍★ ✎✂❢✵✬☎ ✹✍✦ ✎✥✘✹✍✥✧★ ✡✷☞ ✮ ✌✍✝✩☎✖✂✍✎✷✌ ✥✧★ ✡ ★✚✽ ✌✍✡✶✧✌ ✹✍✥✧✦✧✺★✚✽ ✡✷✎✌❢✎✷✂✆☎✖✡✶ ★❡★ ✵✏✶✪✌ ✦✪★❡★ ✎✟❁✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟ ✦✧✺ ✕ ✥ ✌ ✦ ❱✍✡✂✍✟ ❄ ✥✧✮ ❱✏✡✟☛✂ ✮✍✫❂✥✪✮ ✎✦✧✺✘✺✂ ✦✧✹ ✡✮ ☞ ✦✪✮✏✹❖★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✵✏✟✦✧✺ ✡✮ ✎✥ ☞✏✟☛✡✎✷✝ ❆❣❉ ✌ ✥ ☎✖✟☛✂✆☎❤✂ ★✩✥✧✹ ☎ ✦☎ ✥ ✟✄✎✦ ❑ ✥✧★ ☎ ✺✦ ✶ ✥ ✡✮ ✎✌ ✥✭✦ ✶✧✎✷✵ ✦✪✺ ✶✧✌ ✦✧✺✺✥✪✮ ☞ ✥ ✰✾✂✍✟✄✎✌ ✥ ✟✥✧✦✧✮✏✦✧✺✝ ★ ✡★❣✦✧✮✏✹ ✺ ✡✰ ✥ ✎✡ ✫✭✥❨✥✪✲ ✎ ✥✪✮✏★ ✡✂ ✮ ✂✱✰ ✥✧✲ ✡ ★ ✎✡ ✮ ☞✔✰✾✡ ✲✏✥✧✹❴★ ✎ ✥✧✥✧✺ ✂✱✰✾✰ ★ ✌✏✂✍✟ ✥❨★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟ ✥✧★ ✿✐✩✦ ✶✧❑ ✥ ✎★✩❈❢✽ ✌ ✥ ✟✥ ✎✌ ✥ ✵ ✮ ✶ ✥ ✟☛✎✦ ✡✮ ✎✡✥✧★❩✦ ✟✥ ✎✂P✕ ✥ ✶✧✂ ✮ ✎✟☛✂ ✺✺✥✧✹ ✂ ✮ ✎✌ ✥ ✕ ✦✧★✡★ ✂✍✰❝✡✮✏★☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮ ✟✥☎✖✂✍✟☛✎★▼✦✧✮✏✦✪✺✝ ★ ✡★✩❆ ✛ ✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌❂✰✾✂✍✵ ✺✡✮ ☞✘✂ ✮❂★ ✎✟☛✵✍✶✧✎✵✏✟✥✧★ ✡★ ✂✍✰ ✫✭✦❁✐ ✂✍✟❤✡✫ ☎✖✂✍✟☛✎✦✧✮ ✶ ✥ ✦✧★ ✡✎✸✡✮ ✶✧✟✥✧✦✧★✩✥✧★❥★ ✶✧✟✥✧✥✧✮❭✥ ✰✾✰✥ ✶✪✎ ✦✧✮✏✹❦✫ ✂ ✹ ✡✷✰✾✡✥✧★ ✌✍✝ ✹ ✟☛✂ ✹ ✝ ✮✏✦✪✫ ✡✶◆✰✺✂ ✽ ✮✏✥✧✦ ✟✄✎✌ ✥✭★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟ ✥✧★✩❆❝❉ ✌✏✡ ★ ☎ ✦ ☎ ✥ ✟ ✦ ✡ ✫❂★ ✎✂❧✡ ✫ ☎✖✟☛✂✍❱ ✥ ✎✌ ✥✭✹✍✥✧★ ✶✧✟☛✡☎✞✎✡✂ ✮ ✂✍✰ ✫✭✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌ ✦✪✮✏✹ ✡✎★❡✥ ❱✏✂ ✺✵✏✎✡✂ ✮ ✡✮ ✎✡✫✭✥ ✡✮ ❱✍✡✥✪✽ ✎✂❢✂✆☎✖✎✡✫ ✡❯ ✥ ✡ ✮✏★ ☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮✏★❡✦✪✮✏✹ ✎✂❢✡ ✮ ✎✟☛✂ ✹ ✵✏✶ ✥ ✡✷✎ ★❡✥ ✰✾✰ ✥ ✶✧✎ ★ ✡ ✮❅✺ ✂ ✦✧✹ ✡ ✮ ☞❅✶✧✂ ✫ ☎✞✵✏✎ ✦ ✎✷✡✂ ✮✏❆ ❉ ✌ ✥ ✰✾✡✮✏✦✧✺ ✂✆✕ ✐✩✥ ✶✧✎✡❱ ✥ ✡★ ✎✂♠☎✖✟☛✂✆☎✖✂ ★✩✥ ✎✦ ✟☛☞ ✥ ✎★ ✰✾✂✍✟✖✶ ✺✥✧✦✧✮ ✡✮ ☞ ✦✧✮✏✹✳★ ✵✏✟❁❱ ✥ ✝ ☎✖✟☛✂✍☞✏✟ ✦✧✫ ☎ ✺✦✧✮✍✮ ✡ ✮ ☞ ❆ ✗ ★❅★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✪✎✵✍✟ ✦✧✺ ✟ ✥✧✺ ✡ ✦ ✕✖✡ ✺ ✡✎✷✝❭✡ ★ ❱ ✥ ✟❁✝❦✌ ✥✧✺ ☎✖✰☛✵ ✺ ✰✾✂✍✟ ★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟✦✧✺ ✟✥✧✦✧★✩★✩✥✪★✩★✬✫✭✥✪✮ ✎♥☎✖✵✏✟☎✖✂ ★✩✥✧★✩❄ ✎✌ ✥ ☎ ✦☎ ✥ ✟❛✰✾✂✍✶✧✵ ★✩✥✧★ ✂ ✮ ✵ ✮ ✶ ✥ ✟☛✎✦ ✡✮ ✎✷✝ ✦✪✮✏✹❋★✩✥✧✮✍★ ✡✎✡✷❱✏✡✎✷✝ ✦✧✮✏✦✧✺✝ ★ ✡★▲✥✧★☎ ✥ ✶✧✡✦✧✺✺✝♦✡✮ ❱✍✡✥✪✽ ✎✂ ✶✧✌ ✦ ✟ ✦ ✶✧✎ ✥ ✟☛✡❯ ✥ ✎✌ ✥❣★ ✎✂✍✶✧✌ ✦✪★ ✎✡✶ ★ ✎✟❁✵✏✶✧✎✵✏✟ ✥ ✂✍✰✖✎✷✌ ✥❣✺ ✂ ✦✧✹ ✡ ✮ ☞ ✦ ✶✧✎✡ ✮ ☞✭✂ ✮ ✎✌ ✥ ☎ ✺✦ ✎✰✾✂✍✟✫❂★✩❆❞❉ ✌ ✦ ✎ ✫❂✥✧✦✪✮✏★ ✎✂◆✶✧✂ ✮✍★✡✹✍✥ ✟❡✎✌ ✥ ✡✮ ✎✟☛✡✮✏★ ✡✶❅✟✦✧✮✏✹ ✂ ✫✭✮✏✥✧★✬★ ✂✱✰ ✽✚✦ ❱ ✥✧★❴✦✪✮✏✹ ✎✌ ✥▲✫ ✂ ✹✍✥✧✺ ✡ ✮ ☞❙✵ ✮ ✶ ✥ ✟☛✎ ✦ ✡ ✮ ✎✷✝❇✂✍✰❨✎✷✌ ✥ ✰ ✺ ✵✍✡ ✹✍♣✾★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✪✎✵✏✟ ✥ ✡✮ ✎✥ ✟✦ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮ ✡✮ ✎✌ ✥ ✡✟✄✟✥✧✺✦ ✎✡❱ ✥ ✶✧✂ ✮ ✎✟☛✡✕✖✵✏✎✡✂ ✮ ✎✂❧✎✷✌ ✥ ✟✥✧★☎✖✂ ✮✍★✩✥ ✡❆✥✧❆ ✎✌ ✥ ✺✂ ✦✧✹ ✂ ✮ ✎✌ ✥✚★ ✎✟❁✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟✥✧❆✍q✯✦ ✟☛✎✡✶✧✵ ✺✦ ✟ ✺✝ ❄ ✎✷✌ ✥ ✟✥ ✡★r✦✚✮✏✥✧✥✧✹ ✰✾✂✍✟❤✎✦ ❑✏✡✮ ☞✘✡✮ ✎✂ ✦ ✶✧✶✧✂✍✵ ✮ ✎❝✎✷✌ ✥✘✮✏✦ ✎✷✵✏✟ ✦✧✺ ✶ ✺ ✵ ★ ✎ ✥ ✟▼✂✍✰❞✂✍✟☛☞ ✦✧✮ ✡ ★✬✫✭★ ✂ ✮ ✎✌ ✥ ✶✧✂ ✫ ☎✖✂ ✮✏✥✪✮ ✎ ★ ✡ ❆✥✧❆ ✎✌ ✥❊✫✭✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌s✰✾✂✱✵ ✺✡✮ ☞ ✿❑ ✥✧✺☎ ★✩❄❦✫ ✵ ★✬★✩✥✧✺ ✕ ✥✧✹✍★❃❆❆❆❈ ❱✍✡✦▲✦ ☎✖✟☛✂✆✕ ✦ ✕✖✡ ✺ ✡ ★ ✎✡✶ ✫ ✂ ✹✍✥✧✺ ✡ ✮ ☞ ❆✖❘☛✮ ✰ ✦ ✶✪✎ ❄ ✎✌✏✡ ★✴★✩✥ ✎✎ ✺✥✪✫✭✥✧✮ ✎❞✂ ✮ ✎✌ ✥❅★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟ ✥ ✟✥ ☎✖✟✥✧★✩✥✧✮ ✎★ ✎✌ ✥❦✫✭✦❁✐ ✂✍✟❥✵ ✮ ✶ ✥ ✟☛✎✦ ✡✮ ✎✷✝ ★ ✂✱✵✏✟☛✶ ✥ ✡✮ ✎✥ ✟✫✭★ ✂✍✰ ✹ ✡✦✪✫✭✥ ✎✥ ✟ ✡✮ ✶✧✟✥✧✦✧★✩✥❥✦✪✮✏✹ ✌✍✝ ✹ ✟☛✂ ✹ ✝ ✮✏✦✪✫ ✡✶❥✶✪✂ ✥ ✰✾✰✾✡✶✧✡✥✪✮ ✎★✴✺✥ ❱ ✥✧✺▼✽ ✌ ✥✪✮ ✶✧✂ ✫ ☎✞✵✍✎✡✮ ☞ ✥✧✮ ❱✏✡✟☛✂ ✮✍✫❂✥✪✮ ✎ ✦✧✺❙✺ ✂ ✦✧✹✍★ ✂ ✮ ✎✷✌ ✥t★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✪✎✵✏✟ ✥✧❆▲❘ ✎ ★ ✶✧✂✍✟☛✟ ✥✧★ ☎✖✂ ✮✏✹ ✡ ✮ ☞ ✵ ✮ ✶ ✥ ✟☛✎✦ ✡✮ ✎✷✝ ✹✍✥☎ ✥✧✮✏✹✍★ ✵✬☎✖✂ ✮✉★✩✥ ❱ ✥ ✟✦✧✺ ✰✦ ✶✧✎✂✍✟★❧✿☛★✩✥✧✦✧★ ✂ ✮✏★✩❄❡✹✍✥ ☎✖✎✌ ❆❆❆❈☛❄ ✥ ❱✏✂ ✺ ❱ ✥✪★❅✹ ✵✏✟☛✡ ✮ ☞❍✎✷✌ ✥◆✺ ✡✷✰ ✥ ✂✱✰✘✎✷✌ ✥◆★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟ ✥✧★❢✦✧✮✏✹ ✡ ★ ☞✏✟ ✥✧✦ ✎ ✥ ✟ ✦ ✎✚✎✌ ✥ ✹✍✥✧★ ✡☞ ✮✭★ ✎ ✥ ☎ ❆✒❉ ✌ ✥✴✫❂✦ ✡ ✮ ✡ ✹✍✥✧✦ ✡ ★ ✎✷✂ ✥✧✫ ✕✖✟ ✦ ✶ ✥ ✎✌ ✥✴✽ ✌✍✂ ✺✥ ✡ ✮ ✰✾✂✍✟ ✫✭✦ ✎✷✡✂ ✮ ✶✧✂ ✫ ✡✮ ☞❥✰✾✟☛✂ ✫ ✡✮✍★☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮✍★✩❆✇✈ ✡✟★ ✎ ✦ ✕✖✵✏✡✺✹ ✡✮ ☞✳✂✍✰ ✦✧✮❥✥✧✲ ✌ ✦ ✵ ★ ✎✡✷❱ ✥✘✹✍✦ ✎✦ ✕ ✦✧★✩✥ ✡ ★r★ ✵✏☞✍☞ ✥✧★ ✎ ✥✧✹✍❆✍❘ ✎ ✺✥✧✦✧✹✍★ ✎✂ ★ ✵✏☞✍☞ ✥✧★ ✎✒✡ ✮✏★ ☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮ ✟ ✥ ☎✖✂✍✟☛✎✒✰✾✂✍✟ ✫❂✦ ✎ ✦✪★ ✽✚✥✧✺✺♠✦✧★ ☎✖✌✍✝ ★✡✶✧✂ ♣✶✧✌ ✥✪✫ ✡✶ ✦✧✺♠✦✧✮✏✹❦✫❂✥ ✎✂✍✶ ✥✧✦✪✮P✹✍✦ ✎✦ ✟✥ ✶✧✂✍✟✹ ✡✮ ☞ ✦✧✮✍✹✍①✂✍✟ ✫ ✂ ✹✍✥✧✺✡✮ ☞ ❆❡❪ ✵ ✺✰✭✂✍✰ ❪ ✵✏✡✮✏✥✧✦ ✡★ ☎✖✟☛✂✆☎✖✂ ★✩✥✧✹ ✰✾✂✍✟✳✡✺✺✵ ★ ✎✟✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✍★✩❫✴✫✭✦ ✡✮ ★ ☎ ✥ ✶✧✡ ✥✧★✩❄ ✶✧✂ ✺ ✂ ✮ ✡❯ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ☎✖✟☛✂✍✶ ✥✧★✩★✘✦✧★❂✽❡✥✧✺✷✺▼✦✧★❂✫ ✂ ✹✍✥✧✺ ✡ ✮ ☞❩✂✍✰✸✎✷✌✏✡✶✪❑ ✮✍✥✧★✬★ ✡✮ ✶✧✟✥✧✦✧★ ✡✮ ☞ ✦ ✟✥②✹ ✡★ ✶✧✵ ★✩★✩✥✧✹✍❆ ✗✻☎✖✟☛✂✆✕ ✦✕✖✡✺✡★✎✡✶ ✫ ✂ ✹✍✥✧✺✡✮ ☞③✂✍✰ ✌✍✝ ✹ ✟☛✂ ✹ ✝ ✮✏✦✪✫ ✡✶ ✹ ✟ ✦ ☞④✶✧✂ ✥ ✰✾✰☛✡✶✧✡ ✥✪✮ ✎❣✂✆✕✖✎ ✦ ✡ ✮✏✥✧✹ ✕✞✝ ✦ ✶✧✂ ✮✏✹ ✡✎✡✂ ✮ ✡ ✮ ☞④✎✂ ❑✏✡✮✏✥✪✫✭✦ ✎✷✡✶ ★ ✰✾✡✥✧✺✹ ✡★ ✎✷✌ ✥✪✮ ✡✮ ✎✟☛✂ ✹ ✵✏✶ ✥✧✹②✦✧✮✏✹⑤★✩✥ ❱ ✥ ✟✦✧✺ ✕ ✦✧★✡✶ ✦✧★✩★ ✵ ✫ ☎✖✎✡✂ ✮✏★▼✦ ✟✥ ✶✧✂ ✫ ☎ ✦ ✟✥✧✹✍❆BUILDING AN EXHAUSTIVE DATA BASE
Optimal inspection strategy
✁✄✂ ✺✂ ✮ ✡❯ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ☎✖✟☛✂✍✶ ✥✧★✩★ ✂✍✰ ✫❂✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✌❲✡★❜✦ ✶✧✂ ✫ ☎ ✺✥✪✲ ☎✖✌ ✥✧✮ ✂ ✫❂✥✪✮ ✂ ✮❃✽ ✌✍✡✶✪✌❴✟✥✧⑦ ✵✏✡✟✥✧★❍★☎ ✥ ✶✧✡✰✾✡✶❖✶ ✦ ✟✥ ✡✮❴✹✍✦ ✎✦ ✶✧✂ ✺✺✥ ✶⑧✎✡✂ ✮ ✰✾✟☛✂ ✫●★ ✵✬✕ ✫❂✦ ✟☛✡ ✮✏✥ ✡ ✮✏★ ☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮❇✦✧✮✏✹ ✟ ✥ ☎✖✂✍✟☛✎ ✦✧✮✏✦✧✺ ✝ ★ ✡ ★ ✡ ✮ ❱✏✡ ✥✪✽ ✎✂ ✶✧✂ ✫ ☎ ✦ ✟✥ ✎✷✌✏✡✶✧❑ ✮✏✥✪★✩★❨✽ ✡✎✷✌❨☎✖✟✥✧♣☛✹✍✥ ✰✾✡✮✏✥✧✹ ✟✥✧⑦ ✵✏✡✟✥✪✫✭✥✧✮ ✎★ ✂✍✟❭✵✬☎ ✹✍✦ ✎✥ ✥✧✮ ❱✏✡✟☛✂ ✮✍✫❂✥✪✮ ✎ ✦✧✺❞✺ ✂ ✦✧✹ ✡ ✮ ☞ ❆❤⑨ ✵ ✥ ✎✷✂❬✎✌ ✥❥★ ✡❯ ✥ ✂✱✰ ★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟ ✥✧★✴✦✧✮✏✹ ✌ ✦ ✟ ★ ✌ ✡ ✮✏★ ☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮ ✶✧✂ ✮✏✹ ✡✎✡✂ ✮✏★ ✎✷✌ ✥ ✟ ✥ ✡ ★✄✮ ✂ ✽❡✦ ✝✭✎✂✳☞ ✥ ✎ ✹✍✦ ✎ ✦❣✥ ❱ ✥ ✟❁✝ ✽ ✌ ✥ ✟ ✥❣✦✧✺✺ ✎✌ ✥ ✎✡✫✭✥✘✽ ✡✎✷✌✳✟✥✧✦✧★ ✂ ✮✏✦ ✕ ✺✥ ✶✧✂ ★ ✎★✬❆✇❉ ✌ ✥ ✟✥✴✦ ✟✥❣✦✧✺★ ✂ ★✂ ✫❂✥ ✂✆☎ ✥ ✟✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✏✦✧✺ ✟ ✥✧★ ✎✟☛✡✶✧✎✡✂ ✮✏★✴✦✧★✴✽ ✡ ✮ ✎ ✥ ✟♠✶✧✂ ✮✏✹ ✡✎✡✂ ✮✏★ ✌✏✡ ✮✏✹✍✥ ✟♠✎✌ ✥❥✹ ✡❱✏✡ ✮ ☞❧✂✍✟♠✂✆☎ ✥ ✟ ✦ ✎✡ ✮ ☞ ✂✍✰ ✤✄✥✪✫ ✂✍✎✥❥⑩ ☎ ✥ ✟ ✦ ✎✡✮ ☞❬❶ ✥ ✌✏✡✶ ✺✥✪★✩❆✖❉ ✌ ✥✧✮ ✎✷✌ ✥ ✂✆☎✖✎✡✫ ✡❯ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮❬★✎✟✦ ✎✥ ☞✱✝ ★ ✌✏✂✍✵ ✺✹ ✕ ✥ ✎✂♦✡✮✏★☎ ✥ ✶✧✎ ✦✪✮✏✹✍①✂✍✟❴✶ ✺✥✧✦✧✮❳✦ ✎❨✎✷✌ ✥ ✟☛✡☞✍✌✏✎ ★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟✦✧✺ ✶✧✂ ✫ ☎✖✂ ✮✏✥✪✮ ✎ ★✩❄ ✎✌ ✥ ✟☛✡☞✍✌✏✎✚✎✡ ✫✭✥P✽ ✡✎✷✌❍✎✷✌ ✥ ✟☛✡☞✏✌✍✎✚✎✂✍✂ ✺❷ ✎✌ ✥ ✰✾✂ ✺✺ ✂ ✽ ✡ ✮ ☞ ★ ✎✦ ❑ ✥✪★▼★ ✌ ✦✧✺✺ ✕ ✥ ✶✧✂ ✮✏★ ✡✹✍✥ ✟✥✧✹✍❫ ♣ ❉ ✝✩☎ ✥ ✂✍✰▼✡ ✮✍★ ☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮❅✽ ✌✍✡✶✪✌❥✶ ✦✪✮ ✕ ✥ ✎✌ ✥ ✰✾✡✟ ★ ✎❝✡ ✮✏★ ☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮ ✶ ✦ ✟☛✟☛✡ ✥✧✹ ✂✍✵✏✎❤✂ ✮ ✎✌ ✥ ☎ ✺✦ ✎✷✰✾✂✍✟✫❚✿☛★ ✎✦ ✎✥❂❸✍❈☛❄❝✦ ☞ ✥✪✮✏✥ ✟✦✧✺ ✡✮✏★☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮ ☎✖✟☛✂✍☞✏✟✦✪✫✭✫✭✥✧✹ ✦ ✰✾✎✥ ✟✼✎✷✌ ✥ ✡✮✍★✎✦✧✺✺✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✂✱✰ ★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✵✏✟✥ ✂✍✟ ✦❊★☎ ✥ ✶✧✡✷✰✾✡✶❇✡✮✍★☎ ✥ ✶✪✎✡✂ ✮ ★ ✵✬✕ ★✩✥✧⑦ ✵ ✥✧✮ ✎✒✎✂ ✹✍✦✪✫❂✦ ☞ ✥ ✂✍✟✏☎✖✟✥✧★✩✥✧✮ ✶ ✥ ✂✍✰ ✹✍✥ ✰✦ ✵ ✺✎❆ ♣ ⑨❣✦ ✎✥❂✿☛✦ ✎ ✺✥✧✦✧★ ✎ ★✩✥✧✦✧★ ✂ ✮✏❈ ✂✱✰▼✡✮✍★☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮❢✽ ✌✍✡✶✧✌❅✶ ✦✪✮ ✕ ✥ ✵ ★✩✥ ✰✾✵ ✺ ✰✾✂✱✟ ✫✭✦ ✟☛✡ ✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌ ✥ ❱✏✂ ✺ ✵✏✎✡✂ ✮❍✫ ✂ ✹✍✥✧✺✺ ✡ ✮ ☞ ✦✧✮✏✹ ✎✂❧☎✖✂✍✡ ✮ ✎✚✂✍✵✏✎✖☎✖✂ ★✩★ ✡✕ ✺✥ ✟✥✧✺✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✏★ ✌✏✡☎❹✕ ✥ ✎✽✚✥✧✥✧✮❹✺✂✍✶ ✦✧✺ ✶ ✺✡✫❂✦ ✎✂ ✺✂✍☞✍✝ ✦✪✮✏✹❹✦☎✍☎ ✦ ✟☛✡✎✡✂ ✮ ✂✍✟ ✹✍✥ ✶✧✟✥✧✦✧★✩✥ ✂✍✰❝✰✾✂✍✵ ✺✡✮ ☞✘✂✍✟☛☞ ✦✧✮ ✡★✬✫✭★✩❆ ♣ ⑨❣✦ ✎ ✥❬✿☛✦ ✎ ✺✥✧✦✧★ ✎ ★✩✥✧✦✧★ ✂ ✮✏❈ ✂✍✰❣✶ ✺✥✧✦✪✮ ✡ ✮ ☞ ❆r⑨ ✵✏✟☛✡ ✮ ☞❭✎✌ ✥ ✰☛✡✟ ★ ✎♠✎ ✽ ✂❭✂✍✟ ✎✌✏✟ ✥✧✥ ✝ ✥✧✦ ✟ ★ ✂✍✰✳✡✮✏★ ✎✦✧✺✺✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✂✍✰❥✎✌ ✥❭★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟✥✧❄ ✡✎✴✡★❬✮✏✥ ✶ ✥✪★✩★✩✦ ✟❁✝✉✎✂ ✡ ✹✍✥✧✮ ✎✡✷✰☛✝P✎✌ ✥❬★ ☎ ✥ ✶✧✡ ✥✧★ ✡ ✮ ☎✖✟ ✥✧★✩✥✧✮ ✶ ✥✧❆▼❉ ✌ ✥✧★✩✥❧✥✧✺✥✪✫❂✥✪✮ ✎ ★✩❄ ✰✾✵ ✮✏✹✍✦✪✫❂✥✪✮ ✎ ✦✪✺ ✎✂✳✰✾✂✍✟ ✥ ✶ ✦✧★ ✎ ✫❂✦ ✟☛✡ ✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌ ✥ ❱✏✂ ✺ ✵✏✎✡✂ ✮✏❄ ✶ ✦✪✮ ✕ ✥✴✫ ✡ ★✩★✩✥✧✹ ✰✾✂✍✟✞❱ ✥ ✟❁✝✭✂ ✺✹ ★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟✥✧★✩❆❺✈ ✟☛✂ ✫ ✎✷✌✏✡★❙✹✍✦ ✎✦♦✽❡✥ ✶ ✦✧✮ ✟✥✧✺✦ ✎✥ ✡✮ ✡✎✡✦✧✺ ☎✖✟☛✂✍✶ ✥✧★✩★✩❄ ✥ ❱✏✂ ✺ ✵✏✎✡✂ ✮✘✦✧✮✏✹❂★ ☎ ✥✧✥✧✹ ✂✍✰✠✕✖✡✂ ♣ ✶✧✂ ✺ ✂ ✮ ✡ ★✩✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✏❆ ♣ ✙ ✥ ❱ ✥ ✟✦✧✺❥★ ✵✏✟❁❱ ✥ ✝✔✎✥ ✶✧✌ ✮ ✡⑦ ✵ ✥✪★ ✵ ★✩✥✧✹ ✎✂ ✦✧★✩★✩✥✪★✩★❦✫✭✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌ ✶✧✌ ✦ ✟✦ ✶✧✎✥ ✟☛✡★ ✎✡✶ ★ ✡✮ ✶ ✺✵ ✹ ✡✮ ☞✔❱✏✡✹✍✥ ✂ ★✵✏✟☛❱ ✥ ✝ ❄❂★ ✎✡✺✷✺ ☎✖✌✏✂✍✎✂✍☞✏✟✦ ☎✖✌✍✝ ✦✧✮✏✹ ☎✖✌✍✝ ★ ✡✶ ✦✧✺✖✫✭✥✧✦✧★ ✵✏✟✥✪✫❂✥✪✮ ✎★ ✵ ★✡✮ ☞❢✌ ✦✧✮✏✹✱♣✌ ✥✪✺✹ ☎✖✟☛✂✆✕ ✥✧★✩❄ ✎✦☎ ✥❂✫❂✥✧✦✪★ ✵✍✟✥✧★✩❄ ★ ✶ ✦✧✺✥ ✕ ✦ ✟★▼✥ ✎✶ ❆ ❉❞✽ ✂ ⑦ ✵ ✥✧★ ✎✡✂ ✮✏★✘✫ ✵ ★ ✎✱✕ ✥✳✹ ✡ ★ ✶✧✵ ★✩★✩✥✧✹ ✎✂❬✟ ✥✧✦ ✶✪✌ ✦✪✮ ✂✱❱ ✥ ✟☛❱✏✡ ✥✪✽ ✂✱✰ ✫✭✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✌ ❫ ♣ ✦ ✟✥♦✺✂✍✶ ✦✧✺ ✡✮✏★☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮❛✹✍✦ ✎✦ ✟✥☎✖✟✥✧★✩✥✧✮ ✎✦ ✎✡✷❱ ✥ ✂✍✰❚✎✌ ✥❋✽ ✌✍✂ ✺✥ ★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟ ✥❡✦ ✎ ✦ ☞✏✡✷❱ ✥✧✮✘✹✍✥ ☎✖✎✌✘❻ ♣ ✽ ✌✍✡✶✪✌✘✰✦ ✶✧✎✂✍✟★▼✹ ✂❂✡✮ ✰✺✵ ✥✧✮ ✶ ✥ ✶✧✂ ✺✂ ✮ ✡❯ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ☎✖✟☛✂✍✶ ✥✧★✩★✩✥✧★ ❻ ❘☛✮ ❱✏✡ ✥✪✽ ✎✂ ✦✧✮✍★✬✽✚✥ ✟❙✎✷✌✏✡ ★❳✺✷✦✧★ ✎ ⑦ ✵ ✥✪★ ✎✡✂ ✮✏❄❜✥✧★✬★✩✥✧✮ ✎✷✡ ✦✧✺ ✰✾✂✍✟ ✡✮✏★☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮✏★✘✦✪✮✏✹ ✶ ✺✥✧✦✧✮ ✡✮ ☞❂☎ ✺✦✧✮✍✮ ✡✮ ☞ ❄✞✦✪✮❩✥✧✲ ✌ ✦ ✵ ★ ✎✡✷❱ ✥❅✹✍✦ ✎✦ ✕ ✦✧★✬✥ ✡★ ✟✥✧⑦ ✵✏✡✟✥✧✹✍❆
Exhaustive data base characteristics
Marine growth data base
❉ ✌ ✥ ✂✆✕ ✐✩✥ ✶✧✎✡❱ ✥ ✌ ✥ ✟✥ ✡★ ✎✂❜✶✧✂ ✫ ☎ ✦ ✟✥✔✫✭✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✌❜✎✷✝✩☎ ✥✧❄ ✎✌✏✡✶✪❑ ✮✏✥✪★✩★❼✦✧✮✏✹ ✶✧✂✍❱ ✥ ✟❽❱ ✥ ✟ ★ ✵ ★❼✹✍✥ ☎✖✎✌ ✽ ✡✎✷✌❾☎✖✟ ✥✧♣✾✹✍✥ ✰✾✡ ✮✏✥✧✹ ✟✥✧⑦ ✵✏✡✟✥✪✫❂✥✧✮ ✎★✩❄ ☞✏✡✷❱ ✥✧✮❵✦ ✎❜✎✌ ✥❿★ ✎✦ ☞ ✥ ✂✱✰ ★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟✥➀✹✍✥✧★ ✡✷☞ ✮ ✂✍✟ ✡✮✏★☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮ ☎ ✺✦✧✮✍✮ ✡✮ ☞ ❆ ✗❣✶✧✎✵ ✦✪✺✺✝ ❄ ✁ ✺✦✧★✬★✡✷✰✾✡✶ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✙✜✂✍✶✧✡✥ ✎✡✥✧★ ☎✖✟☛✂✍❱✏✡✹✍✥ ✺ ✡✎✎ ✺✥❥✹ ✡✟ ✥ ✶✧✎✡❱ ✥ ✂✍✟ ★ ✎ ✦✪✮✏✹✍✦ ✟ ✹ ☎✖✟☛✂✏✶ ✥✧✹ ✵✏✟ ✥❅✽ ✌✏✡✶✪✌ ✽ ✂✱✵ ✺✹ ✡ ✮✏✹ ✡✶ ✦ ✎ ✥ ✎✌ ✥ ✎✷✝✩☎ ✥ ✂✍✰ ✹✍✦ ✎✦ ✎✂✔✶✧✂ ✺✺✥ ✶✧✎ ✦✪✮✏✹ ✎✌ ✥✉✹✍✥ ☞✏✟ ✥✧✥ ✂✱✰✴☎✖✟✥ ✶✧✡★ ✡✂ ✮✔✮✏✥✧✥✪✹✍✥✧✹✍❆ ➁ ✂ ✽❡✥ ❱ ✥ ✟ ❄ ✎✌ ✥ ✂✍✡ ✺ ✶✧✂ ✫ ☎ ✦✧✮ ✝ ❉ ✂✏✎ ✦✧✺ ✌ ✦✧★♠✹✍✥ ❱ ✥✪✺ ✂✆☎ ✥✧✹ ✡✎✯✂ ✽✚✮✳★ ✎ ✦✪✮✏✹✱✦ ✟ ✹ ✰✾✂✍✟✉✟✥☎✖✂✍✟☛✎✡✮ ☞ ✫✭✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌ ✹ ✵✏✟☛✡✮ ☞❇✡✮✍★☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮✍★✩❆◆❉ ✌ ✥❜✫✭✦ ✡✮ ✡✮ ✰✾✂✍✟✫❂✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✟✥✧⑦ ✵✏✡✟✥✧✹✔✹ ✵✏✟☛✡✮ ☞✼✎✌ ✥ ☎ ✥ ✟☛✡✂ ✹ ✡✶✉✡✮✏★☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮ ☎✖✟☛✂✍☞✏✟✦✪✫ ✶✧✂ ✮ ✶ ✥ ✟ ✮✏★✉✥✧★✬★✩✥✧✮ ✎✷✡ ✦✧✺✺ ✝❀✡ ✹✍✥✪✮ ✎✡✷✰✾✡✶ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✏❄❢✦✧★✩★✩✥✧★✬★✬✫✭✥✧✮ ✎❬✂✍✰✣✶✧✂✍❱ ✥ ✟ ✦✧✮✏✹ ✎✌✏✡✶✪❑ ✮✏✥✪★✩★ ✂✱✰♠✰✾✂✱✵ ✺✡✮ ☞❩✰✾✂✍✟ ★✩✥ ❱ ✥ ✟ ✦✧✺❞★✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟✦✧✺ ✶✧✂ ✫ ☎✖✂ ✮✏✥✪✮ ✎❞✎✷✝✬☎✖✂ ✺✂✍☞✱✝ ✦✧✮✏✹❨✹✍✥ ☎✖✎✌ ❆✚❉ ✌ ✥✧★✩✥❭✹✍✦ ✎ ✦❭✦✧✺✺ ✂ ✽ ✎✂❨✎ ✦ ❑ ✥ ✡ ✮ ✎✂ ✦ ✶✧✶✧✂✍✵ ✮ ✎✴✎✷✌ ✥❭★ ✶✧✟ ✥✧✥✧✮ ✌✍✝ ✹ ✟☛✂ ✹ ✝ ✮✏✦✪✫ ✡✶ ✥ ✰☛✰ ✥ ✶✧✎✒✂✍✰ ✫✭✦ ✟☛✡ ✮✍✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌ ❆ ✗✚✎✎✦ ✶✪✌ ✥✧✹❢✦✧✮ ✡✫✭✦✧✺ ✂✍✰☛✰★✌✏✂✍✟✥✭✫❂✦ ✝❡✕ ✥❂✹ ✡❱✏✡✹✍✥✧✹ ✡✮ ✎✂❢✎✽ ✂❢☞✏✟☛✂✍✵✬☎ ★✩❫ ✌ ✦ ✟ ✹❇✦✧✮✏✹❙★ ✂✍✰✾✎❭✰✾✂✱✵ ✺ ✡ ✮ ☞ ❆P➁❣✦ ✟ ✹ ✰✾✂✍✵ ✺ ✡ ✮ ☞✔☎✖✂ ★✩★✩✥✪★✩★✼✦ ✟☛✡☞✍✡ ✹✍❄ ✌ ✦ ✟ ✹ ✰✾✂✍✵ ✺✡✮ ☞✳✌ ✦ ❱ ✥✴✮ ✂ ★✵✏✶✪✌ ✥✪✲ ✎✥ ✟✮✏✦✧✺✯★ ❑ ✥✧✺✥ ✎✂ ✮✏❆✒➁❣✦ ✟✹ ✰✾✂✍✵ ✺✡✮ ☞✭✂✍✟☛☞ ✦✪✮ ✡★✬✫✳★ ✦ ✟✥ ☞ ✥✧✮✏✥ ✟✦✧✺✺✝❧✂✍✰♠☞✏✟ ✥✧✦ ✎✥ ✟✸✶✧✂ ✮ ✶ ✥ ✟✮ ✎✂ ✥✧✮ ☞✏✡✮✏✥✧✥ ✟★ ✎✌ ✦✪✮❬★ ✂✍✰✾✎❞✰✾✂✱✵ ✺✷✥ ✟★✩❄ ☎ ✦ ✟☛✎✡✶✧✵ ✺✦ ✟❁✝✼✡ ✮ ✟ ✥✧★ ☎ ✥ ✶✧✎❥✂✍✰❬✎✷✌ ✥ ✡✟❩✶✧✂ ✮ ✎✟☛✡✕✖✵✏✎✡✂ ✮ ✎✂❴✌✍✝ ✹ ✟☛✂ ✹ ✝ ✮✏✦✪✫ ✡✶ ✺✂ ✦✧✹ ✡✮ ☞✣✕✖✵✏✎ ✦ ✟✥ ❱✏✡✥✪✽ ✂✱✰❢✌✍✝ ✹ ✟☛✂ ✹ ✝ ✮✏✦✪✫ ✡✶ ✺✂ ✦✧✹ ✡✮ ☞❺✟✥✪★✩✥✧✦ ✟☛✶✧✌✼✌ ✦✧★ ☎✖✂✍✡✮ ✎✥✧✹ ✂✍✵✏✎✇✎✷✌ ✦ ✎✇✎✷✌ ✥ ✶✧✂ ✮ ✎✟☛✡✕✖✵✍✎✡✷✂ ✮ ✂✍✰ ★ ✂✱✰✾✎✜✰✾✂✍✵ ✺✥ ✟★ ✎✂ ✺✂ ✦✧✹ ✂✍✡✮ ☞ ✫✭✦ ✝ ✮ ✂✍✎➂✕ ✥ ✡ ✮✏★ ✡☞ ✮ ✡✶ ✦✪✮ ✎✯➃⑧✆➄ ❆✇➅❣★ ✵ ✦✧✺ ✟ ✥ ✶✧✂ ✫✭✫✭✦✪✮✏✹✍✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✍★ ✰✾✂✍✟❞✂✆☎✖✎✡ ✫ ✡ ★✩✦ ✎✷✡✂ ✮ ✂✍✰✸✡✮✏★☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮❩★ ✎✟✦ ✎✥ ☞✍✝❩✂ ✮ ✂✍✰☛✰☛✌✍✂✍✟✥❅★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✵✏✟ ✥✧★✘✦ ✟✥✧❫r✫❂✥✧✦✪★ ✵✏✟ ✥✪✫✳✥✧✮ ✎★ ✂✍✰ ✫✭✦ ✟☛✡ ✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌✍➆ ★ ✎✷✌✏✡✶✧❑ ✮✏✥✪★✬★❦✫ ✵ ★ ✎✚✕ ✥ ✟ ✥✧✦✧✺ ✡❯ ✥✧✹ ✂ ✮ ✎✷✌ ✥❖✫ ✂ ★ ✎ ✟✥ ☎✖✟✥✧★✩✥✧✮ ✎✦ ✎✡❱ ✥ ☎ ✦ ✟☛✎❝✂✍✰ ★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✪✎✵✏✟ ✦✧✺ ✶✧✂ ✫ ☎✖✂ ✮✏✥✪✮ ✎❆ ✗ ✮❥✥✪✮ ✵ ✫❂✥ ✟✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✂✱✰ ✫ ✂✍✟✥ ✟✥☎✖✟✥✧★✩✥✧✮ ✎✦ ✎✡✷❱ ✥❂★☎ ✥ ✶✧✡✥✧★❡✦✪✮✏✹ ✎✌ ✥ ✡✟✜☎ ✥ ✟☛✶ ✥✧✮ ✎✦ ☞ ✥ ✂✍✰▼✶✧✂✱❱ ✥ ✟ ✫ ✵ ★ ✎ ✕ ✥❬★ ☎ ✥ ✶✧✡✰✾✡ ✥✧✹ ✰✾✂✍✟ ✥✧✦ ✶✧✌✣✶ ✦ ✎ ✥ ☞✏✂✍✟❁✝✣✂✍✰✴✰✾✂✍✵ ✺ ✡ ✮ ☞ ❆ ✗ ★✩✦✪✫ ☎ ✺ ✡ ✮ ☞✣✶ ✦✧✮ ✕ ✥ ✟✥✧✦✧✺✡❯ ✥✧✹ ✕✖✝ ✹ ✡❱ ✥ ✟★ ✎✂ ✹✍✥ ✰✾✡✮✏✥ ☎✖✟✥ ✶✧✡★✩✥✧✺✝ ★☎ ✥ ✶✧✡✥✧★ ☎✖✟✥✧★✩✥✧✮ ✎✘✂ ✮ ✎✌ ✥ ★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟✥ ➃☛⑥ ❄✍➇✍❄✍➈ ➄❆ ✙✜✂ ✫❂✥ ✎✡✫✭✥✧★✩❄ ✶✧✂ ✫ ☎ ✥ ✎✡✎✷✡✂ ✮ ✂✍✰ ★☎ ✥ ✶✧✡✥✧★ ✂✍✰ ✫❂✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌ ☞ ✥✧✮✏✥ ✟✦ ✎✥✪★❺✫ ✵ ✺✎✡♣✾✺✦ ✝ ✥ ✟❍✶✧✂ ✺✂ ✮ ✡✷❯ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ☎✖✟☛✂✍✶ ✥✧★✩★✩❆ ✛ ✥✧✦✪★✵✏✟ ✥✪✫✭✥✪✮ ✎◆✂✍✰ ✎✌✏✡✶✪❑ ✮✏✥✪★✩★❴✦✪✮✏✹❏✥✧★ ✎✷✡ ✫❂✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✂✱✰P☎ ✥ ✟☛✶ ✥✧✮ ✎ ✦ ☞ ✥ ✂✱✰❨✶✧✂✍❱ ✥ ✟❺✰✾✂✍✟ ✥✧✦ ✶✧✌ ★☎ ✥ ✶✧✡✥✧★ ✕ ✥ ✶✧✂ ✫❂✥✧★✩❄ ✡✮ ✎✌✏✡★ ✶ ✦✧★✩✥✧❄✜✫ ✂✍✟✥ ✶✧✂ ✫ ☎ ✺✥✪✲✏❆✇❉ ✂❥✂✍❱ ✥ ✟☛✶✧✂ ✫❂✥ ✎✷✌✏✡★ ✹ ✡✰✾✰✾✡✶✪✵ ✺✎✷✝ ✦✧✮✏✹❢✫✭✦ ❑ ✥✘✥✧✦✪★✝ ✥✧✲ ☎ ✺✂✍✡✎✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✂✍✰ ✹✍✦ ✎✦ ✕✞✝ ✥✧✮ ☞✏✡✮✏✥✧✥ ✟★✩❄✯⑨❣✥ ✎ ➉ ✂✍✟★ ❑ ✥ ❶ ✥ ✟☛✡✎✦✧★❋✿❶❣✢ ✤✄❘☛❉ ✢✞✁ ❈ ➃☛➊✍➄s✌ ✦✧✹➋✥✧✦ ✟✺✡✥ ✟❜☎✖✟✾✂✆☎✖✂ ★✩✥⑧✹➋✦ ✮ ✂ ✫❂✥✪✮ ✶ ✺✦ ✎✷✵✏✟✥❙✽ ✌✍✡✶✧✌❳✶ ✺✦✧★✬★✡✰☛✡✥✧★❜★☎ ✥ ✶✧✡✥✧★ ✡✮ ✎✂❳➊♦✌✏✂ ✫ ✂✱☞ ✥✧✮ ✂✍✵ ★ ☞✏✟☛✂✍✵✬☎ ★✩❆ ✁✄✂ ✹✍✥✔✮✏✦✪✫❂✥✪★④✦ ✟ ✥✼➌ ✢✞➍ ➌❣❄❅✈✜❘ ➍ ❪❣❄❅⑩ ✙ ⑩❣✈✜❄ ✛ ➅ ✙✜✙ ✦✧✮✏✹ ⑩❣➁ ✗ ✤✄❆✖✈ ✵ ✺✺ ☞✏✟☛✂✍✵✬☎ ✮✏✦✪✫❂✥✪★❣✦✪✮✍✹❩✫ ✂ ★ ✎❞✡✫ ☎✖✂✍✟☛✎✦✧✮ ✎❞☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌❬✎✷✝✩☎ ✥✪★ ✡✮ ✥✧✦ ✶✧✌✘☞✏✟☛✂✍✵✬☎ ✦ ✟✥❡★ ✎✦ ✎✥✧✹ ✡✮✘❉❞✦✕ ✺✥ ❆ ✁✄✂ ✹✍✥ ❪ ✟☛✂✍✵✬☎ ★ ❉ ✝✩☎ ✥ ✂✍✰❧✰✾✂✍✵ ✺✡✮ ☞ ➌ ✢✞➍ ➌ ➍✖✂ ✮ ☞➎✰✺✦ ☎✍☎✖✡✮ ☞ ✽✚✥✧✥✧✹ ❑ ✥✧✺☎ ❄✱✽ ✟ ✦ ✶✪❑ ✈✜❘➍ ❪ ✈ ✡ ✮✏✥ ✰✾✡✺✦✪✫✭✥✪✮ ✎✂✍✵ ★ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌ ★✩✥✧✦ ✽❡✥✧✥✧✹✍★✩❄ ✌✍✝ ✹ ✟☛✂✍✡✹✍★✩❄ ✰✾✡ ✺✦✪✫✭✥✪✮ ✎✂✍✵ ★ ✕✖✟❁✝✠✂✍❯✧✂ ✦✧✮✍★ ⑩ ✙ ⑩❣✈ ⑩ ✎✌ ✥ ✟ ★ ✂✱✰✾✎ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌ ★✩✥✧✦❾✦✧✮✏✥✪✫ ✂ ✮✏✥✧★✩❄➎★✂✍✰✾✎②✶✧✂✍✟ ✦✧✺★✩❄ ★☎✖✂ ✮ ☞ ✥✪★✩❄✍✦✧★ ✶✧✡✹ ✡✦✧✮✍★✩❄ ★ ✂✍✰✾✎✒✎✷✵✬✕ ✥✪✽ ✂✍✟ ✫✭★✩❄✍★ ✎ ✦ ✟❁✰✾✡ ★ ✌ ✛ ➅ ✙✜✙ ✛✣✵ ★✬★✩✥✧✺★ ✦✪✮✏✹ ✂✍✎✌ ✥ ✟ ★✌ ✥✧✺✺✷★ ✫ ✵ ★✩★✩✥✪✺★✩❄ ★✩✦✧✹✍✹✍✺✥ ✂✍✝ ★✎✥ ✟★ ⑩❣➁ ✗ ✤ ⑩ ✎✌ ✥ ✟ ✌ ✦ ✟✹ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌ ✕ ✦ ✟✮✏✦ ✶ ✺✥✧★✩❄ ✶ ✦✧✺✶ ✦ ✟✥ ✂✍✵ ★ ✎✵✬✕ ✥✪✽ ✂✍✟ ✫✭★✩❄ ✌ ✦ ✟ ✹ ✕✖✟☛✝✠✂✍❯✧✂ ✦✧✮✏★✩❄ ✶✧✂✍✟✦✧✺★
Table 1. Summary groups of marine growth
❉ ✌✏✡★ ✶ ✺✦✧★✬★✡✷✰✾✡✶ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮❂★✩✥✧✥✪✫✭★r✦ ✶✧✶✪✵✍✟✦ ✎✥❡✦✧✮✏✹ ✶✧✂ ✫ ☎ ✺✥ ✎✥❡✥✪✮ ✂✍✵✍☞✏✌✭✰✾✂✍✟ ✦ ✟ ✥✧✺ ✡ ✦ ✕✖✡ ✺ ✡✎✷✝ ♣ ✕ ✦✧★✩✥✧✹❂✺ ✂ ✦✧✹ ✶✧✂ ✫ ☎✖✵✍✎✡ ✮ ☞ ★ ✎✷✵ ✹ ✝✴✎✂✍✂ ❆ ⑨❣✦ ✎✦ ✕ ✦✧★✩✥ ✶ ✦✧✮ ✕ ✥ ✰✾✂ ✺✺✂ ✽❡✥✧✹ ✵✆☎ ✽ ✡✎✌✣✂✍✎✷✌ ✥ ✟✴✡✮ ✰✾✂✍✟✫❂✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✍★✳✦✧★ ✵ ✮ ✶ ✥ ✟☛✎✦ ✡✮ ✎✷✝P✂ ✮ ✎✌ ✥❬✫✭✥✧✦✧★ ✵✏✟✥✪✫✭✥✧✮ ✎ ✦✧✮✏✹ ✡✹✍✥✧✮ ✎✡✷✰✾✡✶ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✂✍✰✞☎✖✟✥✧✹✍✦ ✎✂✍✟ ✂✍✟☛☞ ✦✧✮ ✡ ★✬✫✭★✩❆✒❉ ✌ ✥✚✹✍✥ ✶✧✟ ✥✧✦✧★✩✥ ✂✍✰✖✰✾✂✱✵ ✺ ✡ ✮ ☞✭✂✍✟☛☞ ✦✧✮ ✡ ★✬✫✭★ ✶ ✦✧✮ ✕ ✥ ✶ ✦ ✵ ★✩✥✧✹ ✕✞✝ ✦ ✶✧✌ ✦✪✮ ☞ ✥ ✂✍✰ ✫✭✥ ✎✂✍✶ ✥✧✦✪✮ ☎ ✦ ✟✦✧✫✭✥ ✎✥ ✟★ ✕✞✵✏✎ ✦✧✺✷★ ✂▲✡✮ ☎✖✟✥✧★✩✥✪✮ ✶ ✥ ✂✍✰ ☎✖✟ ✥✧✹✍✦ ✎✂✍✟④✂✍✟☛☞ ✦✧✮ ✡ ★✬✫✭★✩❆◆✈ ✂✍✟ ✥✧✲✍✦✪✫ ☎ ✺✥✧❄ ✂ ✮✏✥ ✂✍✰④✎✷✌ ✥ ☎✖✟ ✥✧✹✍✦ ✎✂✍✟ ★ ✂✍✰ ✫ ✂ ✺✺✵ ★ ✶ ✦✧✮✏✹✉★ ✌ ✥✧✺✺✰✾✡★ ✌④✡★❬★ ✎✦ ✟☛✰☛✡★✌ ❄✚✽ ✌✍✡✶✧✌ ✫✭✦ ✝❧✕ ✥ ✎✷✌ ✥ ✶ ✦ ✵ ★✩✥ ✂✍✰ ✹✍✥ ✶✧✟✥✧✦✧★✩✥ ✂✍✟ ✹ ✡★✩✦☎✏☎ ✥✧✦ ✟✦✧✮ ✶ ✥ ✂✍✰✠✕ ✦ ✟✮✏✦ ✶ ✺✥✧★▼✦✧✮✏✹✭✫ ✵ ★✩★✩✥✧✺✷★ ✂ ✮✘★ ✡✎✥✧❆Extended marine growth data base
❉ ✌ ✥ ✂✆✕ ✐✩✥ ✶✧✎✡❱ ✥ ✡★ ✌ ✥ ✟✥ ✎✂ ✫ ✂ ✹✱✥✧✺ ✎✌ ✥ ✶✧✂ ✺✂ ✮ ✡❯ ✦ ✎✷✡✂ ✮ ☎✖✟☛✂✍✶ ✥✧★✩★ ✡✮ ❱✏✡✥✪✽ ✎✂➏✂✆☎✖✎✡✫ ✡❯ ✥ ✡✮✍★☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✷✂ ✮✏①✶ ✺✥✧✦✧✮ ✡✮ ☞➐☎ ✺✦✧✮✍✮ ✡✮ ☞ ❆❋❪❣✥✪✮✍✥ ✟✦✧✺ ✡ ✮ ✰✾✂✍✟ ✫❂✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✂ ✮❖★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟ ✥✧★ ✂✍✟❅✰✾✡ ✥✧✺✹✍★◆✫ ✵ ★ ✎r✕ ✥❦✥✧✦✧★ ✡ ✺ ✝ ✦ ✶✧✶ ✥✧★✬★ ✡✕ ✺✥ ✰✾✟☛✂ ✫ ✎✷✌ ✥❍✹✍✦ ✎✦ ✕ ✦✧★✩✥✧❆✴❪❣✥ ✂✍☞✏✟✦ ☎✖✌✏✡✶ ✦✧✺❂✺✂✍✶ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮❖✦✪✮✏✹❺✹✍✥☎✖✎✌❖✂✍✰ ★ ✡✎✥ ✦✧✺✺✂ ✽❡❄ ✡✮ ✰✾✡✟★ ✎ ✦ ☎✍☎✖✟☛✂ ✦ ✶✧✌ ❄ ✎✂❦✟✦✧✮ ❑❭✡✮ ✰✾✂✍✟ ✫❂✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✂ ✮ ☎✖✟✥✧★✩✥✧✮ ✶ ✥◆✦✧✮✏✹ ✥ ❱✏✂ ✺✵✏✎✡✂ ✮ ✂✍✰ ✫✭✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ✰✾✂✍✵ ✺✡✮ ☞ ❆❣❉ ✂ ✥✧✮ ✟☛✡✶✧✌ ✹✍✦ ✎✦ ✕ ✦✧★✩✥ ✡✮ ❱✏✡✥✪✽ ✎✂ ✡✫ ☎✖✟☛✂✍❱ ✥➑✦➋✫ ✂ ✹✍✥✧✺✡✮ ☞➒✂✍✰▲✕✖✡✂✍✰✾✂✍✵ ✺✡✮ ☞ ✥ ❱✏✂ ✺✵✏✎✡✂ ✮✏❄❙✽❡✥➋✮✏✥✧✥✧✹ ✥✧✮ ❱✏✡✟☛✂ ✮✍✫❂✥✪✮ ✎ ✦✧✺ ☎ ✦ ✟ ✦✪✫❂✥ ✎ ✥ ✟ ★✩❆
✡✮✏✹ ✡✶ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✂ ✮❏✮✏✦ ✎✷✵✏✟✥♥✦✪✮✏✹❏✥✪✲ ✎✥✧✮✏✹ ✂✍✰ ✫✭✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ✰✾✂✍✵ ✺✡✮ ☞ ❆❭✈ ✟☛✂ ✫ ✺✡✎✥ ✟✦ ✎✵✏✟✥✧❄ ✡✎ ✦☎✍☎ ✥✧✦ ✟★ ✎✌ ✦ ✎❡✰✾✂✍✵ ✺✡✮ ☞❦✡★ ☞ ✥✪✮✏✥ ✟✦✧✺✺✝ ✫ ✂✍✟✥ ✡✮ ✎✥✪✮✏★✩✥ ✡✮ ✫ ✂✍✟ ✥ ✎✟☛✂✆☎✖✡✶ ✦✧✺✖✺ ✂✍✶ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✏★ ☎✖✟☛✂✆✕ ✦ ✕ ✺ ✝ ✹ ✵ ✥ ✎✂❧✎✌ ✥ ✶✧✂ ✮ ✎✡ ✮ ✵✏✂✱✵ ★ ☎✖✟☛✂✍✶ ✥✧★✩★ ✂✍✰❣✕✖✟✥✧✥✧✹ ✡✮ ☞ ✦✧✮✏✹ ✎✷✌ ✥❨✽✚✦ ✟✫❂✥ ✟❬✎✥✪✫ ☎ ✥ ✟✦ ✎✷✵✏✟✥ ✂✍✰ ★✩✥✧✦✪✽✚✦ ✎✥ ✟❆ ✙✯✂ ✫✭✥ ✂✍✟☛☞ ✦✧✮ ✡★✬✫✭★ ✰✾✡✎✞✎✂ ✹ ✡✷✰☛✰✥ ✟✥✧✮ ✎ ✥✧✮ ❱✍✡✟☛✂ ✮✍✫❂✥✪✮ ✎✦✧✺ ✶✧✂ ✮✏✹ ✡✎✡✂ ✮✍★❣✦✪✮✏✹❬✥✧✲ ✎✥✧✮✏✹ ✰✾✟☛✂ ✫s✺✦ ✟☛☞ ✥❬✦ ✟ ✥✧✦✧★✬❷ ✂✍✎✌ ✥ ✟✴✂ ✮✏✥✧★❥✦ ✟ ✥❬✺ ✡ ✫ ✡✎ ✥✧✹ ✎✂ ✦ ✟ ✥✧★ ✎✟☛✡✶✧✎ ✥✧✹ ✟ ✥ ☞✏✡✂ ✮ ➃☛➓✍➄❆ q ✌✍✝ ★ ✡✶✧✂ ♣ ✶✧✌ ✥✪✫ ✡✶ ✦✧✺ ☎ ✦ ✟ ✦✪✫❂✥ ✎ ✥ ✟ ★ ✂✍✰ ★✩✥✧✦✪✽✚✦ ✎ ✥ ✟ ★ ✵✏✶✪✌ ✦✧★❂★✩✦✧✺ ✡ ✮ ✡✎✷✝ ❄ ✎✥✪✫ ☎ ✥ ✟✦ ✎✵✏✟ ✥✧❄ ✂✍✟☛☞ ✦✪✮ ✡✶❥✶✧✂ ✮ ✎✥✪✮ ✎ ✦✧✮✏✹❩✺✡✷☞✏✌✏✎✇☎ ✥✧✮✏✥ ✎✟✦ ✎✡✂ ✮❬✥ ❱✏✂ ✺❱ ✥❢✽ ✡✎✷✌ ✹✍✥☎✖✎✌ ✦✧✮✏✹ ✎✌ ✥✪★✩✥ ✶✧✌ ✦✪✮ ☞ ✥✧★ ☞✏✟✥✧✦ ✎✺✝ ✦ ✰☛✰✥ ✶✧✎▼✎✷✌ ✥ ✎✷✝✩☎ ✥❅✦✪✮✏✹ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌❩✂✍✰ ✰✾✂✍✵ ✺ ✡ ✮ ☞ ❆ ✗ ★ ✎✌ ✥ ✟ ✦ ✎ ✥ ✂✱✰❣✰✾✂✍✵ ✺ ✡ ✮ ☞P✡ ★ ☞ ✥✪✮✏✥ ✟ ✦✧✺✺ ✝ ✫ ✂✍✟ ✥ ✡ ✫ ☎✖✂✍✟☛✎ ✦✧✮ ✎✄✡ ✮ ✦ ✟✥✧✦✧★❡✮✏✥✧✦ ✟r✎✂❢✎✌ ✥❂★ ✌✏✂✍✟✥✧❄ ✡✎ ✦✧✺★ ✂ ✹✍✥ ✶✧✟✥✧✦✧★✩✥✧★✚✽ ✡✎✷✌❅✡✮ ✶✧✟✥✧✦✧★ ✡✮ ☞ ✹✍✥☎✖✎✌ ❆ ❪❣✥✧✮✏✥ ✟ ✦✧✺✺✝ ✫✭✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌❵✶✧✂ ✺✂ ✮ ✡★✩✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✡★❲✫ ✂✍✟✥ ✡✫ ☎✖✂✍✟☛✎✦✧✮ ✎ ✕ ✥ ✎✽❡✥✧✥✪✮✳❸✍♣➊ ❸❅✫❂✥ ✎✥ ✟★✩❄✇✦ ✟✦✧✮ ☞ ✥ ✟☛✡✶✧✌✳✡✮ ☎ ✺✦✧✮ ❑✏✎✂ ✮✳✦✪✮✏✹ ✂✍✰❞✌✏✡✷☞✍✌ ✺✡✷☞✏✌✍✎ ✺✥ ❱ ✥✧✺❆s➔✉✦ ✎✥ ✟▼✎✥✪✫ ☎ ✥ ✟✦ ✎✵✏✟✥✧❄✜★✩✦✧✺✡✮ ✡✎✷✝❥✟✦ ✎✥✘✦✧✮✏✹ ✰✺✵✍❱✏✡✦✧✺ ✟ ✥ ☞✏✡✫✭✥ ☎ ✺✦ ✝ ✦✧✮ ✡ ✫ ☎✖✂✍✟☛✎ ✦✧✮ ✎r✟☛✂ ✺✥ ✡ ✮ ✎✷✌ ✥❅✹ ✡ ★ ✎✟☛✡✕✖✵✏✎✡✂ ✮ ✂✱✰❡✰✾✂✍✵ ✺ ✡ ✮ ☞◆✂✍✟☛☞ ✦✧✮ ✡ ★✬✫✭★ ✎✷✂✍✂ ❆ ➔✉✦ ✎✥ ✟▼✎✥✧✫ ☎ ✥ ✟✦ ✎✵✏✟ ✥ ✡★✸✦✪✮ ✡✮✏✹ ✡✶ ✦ ✎✂✍✟▼✂✍✰ ✺✂✍✶ ✦✧✺ ✶ ✺✡✫❂✦ ✎✂ ✺✂✍☞✍✝ ❆ ✙✜✂❅✎✌✏✡★ ✹✍✦ ✎✦◆✦✧✺✺✂ ✽❡★ ✎✂ ★ ✵✍☞✏☞ ✥✪★✎❡✟ ✥✧✺✦ ✎✡✷✂ ✮✏★ ✌✍✡☎ ★ ✕ ✥ ✎✽✚✥✧✥✧✮❍★✩✥✧✦✧★ ✂ ✮ ❱ ✦ ✟☛✡✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✦✧✮✏✹✳✫❂✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✌ ❆ ✗ ✮ ✡✮ ✶✧✟✥✧✦✧★✩✥ ✂✍✰ ✦✴✫✭✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌❂✶✧✂ ✫✭✫ ✵ ✮ ✡✎→✝ ✡★ ☞ ✥✧✮✏✥ ✟✦✧✺✺✝❅✂✆✕ ★✩✥ ✟❁❱ ✥✧✹❧✽ ✡✎✷✌ ✦✪✮ ✡✮ ✶✧✟✥✧✦✧★✩✥ ✡✮ ✎✥✪✫ ☎ ✥ ✟✦ ✎✵✏✟ ✥✧❆✯➔✉✥✭✦✧✺★ ✂ ✌ ✦ ❱ ✥✣✦✣★ ✎✟☛✂ ✮ ☞④☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✌ ✦✧✮✏✹✉✦ ❱ ✦ ✟☛✡ ✦ ✕✖✡ ✺ ✡✎✷✝❍✂✍✰ ✮ ✵ ✫ ✕ ✥ ✟✭✂✍✰ ★ ☎ ✥ ✶✧✡ ✥✧★ ✹ ✵✏✟☛✡✮ ☞❬✎✷✌ ✥❅✽✚✦ ✟ ✫❙★✩✥✧✦✧★✂ ✮✍★ ➃☛➣✍➄❆✖↔ ✵✏✎ ★ ✂ ✫✭✥❅★ ✂✍✰✾✎ ✫❂✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥❅★☎ ✥ ✶✧✡✥✧★✴✦✪★ ✌✍✝ ✹ ✟☛✂✍✡✹✍★④✦✧✮✏✹ ✕✖✟☛✝✠✂✍❯✧✂ ✦✧✮✍★④✦ ✟✥✼✮ ✂✍✎❧✡✮ ✰✺✵ ✥✪✮ ✶ ✥✧✹ ✕✖✝❃✶✪✌ ✦✧✮ ☞✏✡✮ ☞❀✂✍✰ ✎ ✥✪✫ ☎ ✥ ✟ ✦ ✎✵✏✟ ✥✧❄ ✎✌ ✥ ✝❂✰ ✺ ✵✏✶✧✎✵ ✦ ✎ ✥❡✦ ✎ ✦✧✮ ✝ ★✩✥✧✦✧★ ✂ ✮ ➃☛⑥✍➄ ❆ ❉ ✌ ✥ ✶✧✌ ✦✧✺✺✥✧✮ ☞ ✥ ✡★ ✎✂❬❑ ✮ ✂ ✽ ✌✏✂ ✽ ✎✷✌ ✥ ❑ ✮ ✂ ✽✚✺✥✧✹ ☞ ✥ ✂✍✰r✡✮ ✰✺✵ ✥✪✮ ✶ ✥ ✂✍✰❝☎✖✌✍✝ ★ ✡✶✧✂ ♣ ✶✪✌ ✥✪✫ ✡✶ ✦✧✺ ☎ ✦ ✟ ✦✪✫❂✥ ✎ ✥ ✟ ★ ✂ ✮ ✶✧✂ ✺ ✂ ✮ ✡ ★✩✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✍①✹✍✥ ✶✧✂ ✺ ✂ ✮ ✡ ★✩✦ ✎✷✡✂ ✮ ☎✖✟☛✂✍✶ ✥✧★✩★✔✹✍✦ ✎✦✧❄ ✶ ✦✧✮ ✕ ✥❚✥✧✲ ✎✥✪✮✍✹✍✥✧✹ ✎✂❙✂✍✎✌ ✥ ✟ ★ ✡✎✥✧★❴✽ ✡✷✎✌ ★ ✡✫ ✡✺✦ ✟ ✶✧✌ ✦ ✟✦ ✶✧✎✥ ✟☛✡★ ✎✡✶ ★✩❆ ✗❚✟✥ ✶ ✥✪✮ ✎ ★ ✎✵ ✹ ✝◆✌ ✦✧★ ✕ ✥✧✥✪✮ ✟✥✧✦✧✺✡❯ ✥✧✹ ✕✞✝ ✈✜✦✕ ✥ ✟❡➃☛↕✍➄❆ ❉ ✌✏✡ ★ ✂ ✮✏✥❙✦✧✹✍✹ ✟ ✥✧★✩★✩✥✧★❚✥ ✰✾✰ ✥ ✶✧✎ ★ ✂ ✮ ✎✌ ✥❙★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟ ✦✧✺ ✟ ✥✧★ ☎✖✂ ✮✏★✩✥ ✕✖✝ ✦✧★✩★✩✥✧★✬★✬✫✭✥✧✮ ✎ ✦✧✮✏✹✔⑦ ✵ ✦✧✮ ✎✷✡✰☛✡✶ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✂✍✰❬✵ ✮ ✶ ✥ ✟☛✎✦ ✡✮ ✎✡✥✪★ ☎ ✦ ✟✦✪✫❂✥ ✎✥ ✟★✣✦✧★ ★✩✥✧✦✧★ ✂ ✮✏✦✧✺ ❱ ✦ ✟☛✡✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✂✍✰ ✫❂✦ ✟☛✡✮✍✥ ✰✾✂✍✵ ✺✡✮ ☞✔☎ ✦ ✟✦✪✫❂✥ ✎✥ ✟★✩❄ ✎✌ ✥❚✽✚✦ ❱ ✥ ✺✂ ✦✧✹ ✡✮ ☞ ✿✎✦ ❑✏✡✮ ☞❬✡✮ ✎✂ ✦ ✶✧✶✧✂✍✵ ✮ ✎❞✎✷✌ ✥❥★✩✥✧✦✧★✂ ✮✏✦✧✺ ❱ ✦ ✟☛✡✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✡✮❬★✩✥✧✦❥★ ✎✦ ✎✥ ★ ✎✦ ✎✡★ ✎✷✡✶ ★✩❈☛❄❅✦✪✮✏✹ ✎✷✌ ✥✼✥ ✰☛✰✥ ✶✧✎❧✂✱✰ ★☎ ✦ ✎✡✦✧✺ ❱ ✦ ✟☛✡✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✏★✉✦✧✮✏✹❚★✩✥✧✦✧★ ✂ ✮✏✦✧✺ ✥ ✰✾✰ ✥ ✶✪✎ ★ ✂✍✰ ✫✭✦ ✟☛✡ ✮✏✥ ✰✾✂✍✵ ✺ ✡ ✮ ☞r☎ ✦ ✟ ✦✧✫✭✥ ✎ ✥ ✟ ★✩❆ ❉ ✂❹✶✧✂ ✫ ☎ ✺✥ ✎✥ ✎✌ ✥✧★✩✥ ✡✮ ✰✾✂✍✟✫✭✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✍★✩❄ ✡✎❃✡★ ✡✫ ☎✖✂✍✟☛✎✦✧✮ ✎❃✎✷✂ ✫✭✥✧✮ ✎✡✂ ✮✭✹✍✦ ✎ ✥ ✂✱✰✖✡ ✮✏★ ✎ ✦✧✺✺✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✭✦✧✮✍✹ ✎✷✝✩☎ ✥ ✂✍✰✍☎ ✺✦ ✎✷✰✾✂✍✟ ✫✭★✄✿☛➈✍❄ ↕ ✺✥ ☞ ★♠❆❆❆❈☛❆ ❪❣✥✧✮✏✥ ✟ ✦✧✺✺ ✝ ❄❜✽ ✌ ✥✧✮ ✎✌ ✥ ✟ ✥ ✡ ★❳✮ ✂t✶ ✺✥✧✦✧✮ ✡ ✮ ☞❵✂ ✮ ✎✷✌ ✥❿★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟ ✥✧❄ ✹✍✥ ❱ ✥✧✺✂✆☎ ✫❂✥✧✮ ✎④✂✍✰P✕✖✡✂✍✰✾✂✱✵ ✺✡✮ ☞s✶ ✦✧✮ ✕ ✥❊✫ ✂ ✹ ✡✷✰✾✡✥✧✹ ✕✞✝ ✹ ✡★ ✟❁✵✬☎✖✎✡❱ ✥ ☎✖✌ ✥✧✮ ✂ ✫❂✥✪✮ ✂ ✮❦✿ ✡ ✫ ☎✖✂✍✟☛✎ ✦✧✮ ✎❡✶ ✺ ✡ ✫✳✦ ✎✡✶ ✥ ❱ ✥✪✮ ✎ ❈☛❆✄✈ ✟☛✂ ✫ ✎✌ ✥ ✡ ✮✍★ ✎ ✦✧✺✺✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✹✍✦ ✎✥✧❄ ✡✎❢✡★ ☎✖✂ ★✩★✡✕ ✺✥ ✎✂❀✰✾✂ ✺✺✂ ✽ ✎✥✪✫ ☎✖✂✍✟✦✧✺❢✥ ❱✏✂ ✺✵✍✎✡✂ ✮ ✂✱✰ ✫✳✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌❦✰✾✂✍✟ ✥✧✦ ✶✧✌ ★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✪✎✵✏✟ ✥❩✦✪✮✍✹ ✎✂❦✟✥ ✶✧✂✍❱ ✥ ✟✘✶ ✺✡✫❂✦ ✎✡✶ ✥ ❱ ✥✪✮ ✎★✩❆♠➔✉✥ ✶ ✦✧✮▲✫✭✥✧✦✧★ ✵✏✟ ✥ ✎✷✌ ✥ ✡ ✮ ✰ ✺ ✵ ✥✪✮ ✶ ✥ ✂✍✰❦✎✷✝✩☎ ✥ ✂✍✰ ★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟ ✥ ✂ ✮▲✫✭✦ ✟☛✡ ✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✷✌●✶✧✂ ✺✂ ✮ ✡★✩✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✏❆❙✈ ✂✍✟ ✥✧✲✏✦✪✫ ☎ ✺✥ ✶✧✂ ✮✍★✡✹✍✥ ✟☛✡✮ ☞●✎✌ ✥ ✌✏✡☞✱✌ ✎✥✪✫ ☎ ✥ ✟✦ ✎✵✏✟ ✥ ✂ ✮❩✦ ✎✂✍✟☛✶✧✌ ✐✩✦ ✶✧❑ ✥ ✎❄ ✡✎▼✡★✘✺✡✷❑ ✥✧✺✝❩✎✌ ✦ ✎▼✎✌ ✥ ✎✌✏✡✶✪❑ ✮✏✥✧★✬★ ✂✍✰ ✕✖✡✂✍✰✾✂✍✵ ✺✡✮ ☞ ✽ ✡✺✺ ✕ ✥✳✺✥✪★✩★ ✡✫ ☎✖✂✍✟☛✎✦✧✮ ✎✞✡✮❧★ ✵✏✟❁✰✦ ✶ ✥ ✎✷✌ ✦✧✮ ✂ ✮❧✦ ✶ ✺✦✪★✩★✡✶ ✦✧✺ ✐✩✦ ✶✧❑ ✥ ✎❆
PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT FOR DOMINANT
TYPES OF MARINE GROWTH IN GULF OF GUINEA
⑨ ✵✏✟☛✡✮ ☞ ✥ ❱ ✥ ✟❁✝ ★✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟✥ ➆★✣✺✡✷✰✥✉★☎ ✦✧✮✏❄ ✡✎ ✫✭✦ ✝✼☞✏✂✼✎✷✌✏✟☛✂✍✵✍☞✏✌ ✦ ★ ✵✏✶✧✶ ✥✪★✩★ ✡✂ ✮ ✂✍✰▲✶✪✌ ✦✧✮ ☞ ✥✧★ ✂✍✰❊✰✾✂✍✵ ✺ ✡ ✮ ☞❹✎✷✝✩☎ ✥ ✎✌ ✦ ✎❀✶✧✂ ✺ ✂ ✮ ✡ ★✩✥ ✡✎ ★ ✵ ✮✏✹✍✥ ✟✽✚✦ ✎✥ ✟ ★ ✵✏✟☛✰✦ ✶ ✥✧★✩❆❡❘☛✮ ✡✎✡✦✧✺ ✂✍✟☛☞ ✦✧✮ ✡★✬✫✭★❧✦ ✟✥ ✕ ✦ ✶✧✎✥ ✟☛✡✦ ✰✾✂✍✟ ✫ ✡✮ ☞ ✦ ✺✦ ✝ ✥ ✟✘✂✍✰ ★✩✺✡✫✭✥ ✂✍❱ ✥ ✟✘✎✌ ✥ ☎ ✺✦ ✎✷✰☛✂✍✟✫✭★❥★ ✵✏✟☛✰✦ ✶ ✥◆✽ ✡✎✷✌✏✡✮ ✎✽ ✂❦✂✍✟✘✎✌✏✟✥✧✥ ✽✚✥✧✥ ❑ ★✩❆❃❉ ✌ ✥ ✝➙✶ ✦ ✵ ★✩✥❿✦ ✶✪✌ ✦✪✮ ☞ ✥ ✡ ✮ ☎✖✌✍✝ ★ ✡✶ ✦✧✺❀✦✪✮✏✹ ✶✪✌ ✥✪✫ ✡✶ ✦✧✺ ☎✖✟☛✂✆☎ ✥ ✟☛✎✡✥✧★ ✂✍✰ ★ ✎✥✧✥✧✺✯★✵✏✟❁✰✦ ✶ ✥✴✦✧✮✏✹ ☎ ✦ ❱ ✥ ✎✌ ✥✘✽❡✦ ✝✳✰✾✂✍✟❞✶✧✂ ✺✂ ✮ ✡★✩✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✕✞✝ ✂✍✎✌ ✥ ✟✚✂✍✟☛☞ ✦✧✮ ✡ ★✬✫✭★ ➃☛➣✍➄ ❆ ✁✄✂ ✺ ✂ ✮ ✡ ★✩✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ☎✖✟☛✂✍✶ ✥✧★✩★✩✥✧★✳✽ ✌✍✡✶✧✌P✟ ✥✧★ ✵ ✺ ✎ ✦ ✰✾✎ ✥ ✟ ✹✍✥☎ ✥✧✮✏✹ ✂ ✮❨★✩✥ ❱ ✥ ✟✦✧✺ ☎ ✦ ✟✦✧✫❂✥ ✎✥ ✟ ★❩★✵✏✶✪✌ ✦✧★ ☞ ✥ ✂✍☞✏✟✦☎✞✌✏✡✶ ✦✧✺✘✺✂✍✶ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✏❄ ✽✚✦ ✎✥ ✟ ✹✍✥☎✖✎✌ ❄ ✎✥✪✫ ☎ ✥ ✟✦ ✎✷✵✏✟✥✧❄❳★✩✥✧✦✧★ ✂ ✮✏❄ ☎ ✺✦ ✎✰✾✂✍✟ ✫➛✹✍✥✧★ ✡✷☞ ✮②✦✧✮✏✹ ✂✆☎ ✥ ✟ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✏★✩❆ ✦✧✮✏✹ ✎✷✌ ✥ ✡✟❣☎✖✟☛✂✍✰✾✡✺✥✧★ ☎✖✟✥✧★✩✥✧✮ ✎❂✡✮ ✎✌ ✥④❪ ✵ ✺✰❢✂✍✰ ❪ ✵✏✡✮✏✥✧✦④✿☛✈ ✡✷☞✏✵✏✟✥ ❈☛❆ ✛ ✦ ✟☛✡✮✏✥ ☞✏✟☛✂ ✽ ✎✌④✌ ✥ ✟✥ ✌ ✦✪★❢✦✣★ ✡✷☞ ✮ ✡✷✰✾✡✶ ✦✪✮ ✎❣✡✫ ☎ ✦ ✶✧✎❣✂ ✮ ✎✌ ✥✣✺✂✍☞✍✡★ ✎✡✶ ★ ✦✧✮✏✹ ✶✧✂ ★ ✎✒✂✍✰ ★ ✎✟❁✵✏✶✧✎✵✏✟ ✦✧✺ ✡ ✮✏★ ☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮✘✦✧✮✏✹✭✫❂✦ ✡ ✮ ✎ ✥✪✮✏✦✪✮ ✶ ✥✧❆
Figure 1. Studied regions in Gulf of Guinea
Characterisation of marine growth in Gulf of Guinea
✁✄✌ ✦ ✟ ✦ ✶✧✎ ✥ ✟☛✡ ★✩✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✂✱✰ ✫❂✦ ✟☛✡ ✮✏✥ ☞✏✟❁✂ ✽ ✎✷✌❣☎✖✟☛✂✆☎✖✂ ★✩✥✧✹ ✌ ✥ ✟ ✥✧❄ ✡ ★ ✕ ✦✧★✩✥✧✹ ✂ ✮ ✡✮ ✰✾✂✍✟ ✫❂✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✏★ ✂✆✕✖✎✦ ✡✮✏✥✧✹❚✹ ✵✍✟☛✡✮ ☞❜✡✮✏★☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮✏★ ✶ ✦ ✟☛✟☛✡✥✧✹ ✂✍✵✏✎✘✕✞✝ ❉ ✂✍✎✦✧✺ ✂ ✮✳■✬✦ ✶✧❑ ✥ ✎ ★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✵✏✟ ✥✧★♠✦ ✎ ✹ ✡✰☛✰✥ ✟✥✧✮ ✎ ✹✍✥☎✖✎✌ ✺✥ ❱ ✥✪✺★ ✕ ✥ ✎✽✚✥✧✥✧✮ ✰✾✡✷❱ ✥ ✦✧✮✏✹ ✎ ✥✪✮ ✝ ✥✧✦ ✟ ★✩❆✱✤✄✥✧★ ✵ ✺ ✎ ★ ✶✧✂✍✟☛✟ ✥✧★ ☎✖✂ ✮✏✹ ✎✂ ✦✧✮❂✥✧✮ ❱ ✥✧✺ ✂✆☎ ✥ ✂✱✰❝✎✷✌✏✡✶✪❑ ✮✏✥✪★✩★ ✎✷✂ ✫✭✦ ❑ ✥❅★ ✵✏✟✥ ✎✌ ✦ ✎❞✎✷✌ ✥ ✝ ✦ ✟✥ ✶✧✂ ✮✏★✬✥ ✟☛❱ ✦ ✎✡❱ ✥✧❆✖❘❁✮✏★☎ ✥ ✶✧✎✡✂ ✮✍★✴✦ ✟✥❅✫❂✦✧✹✱✥ ✂ ✮ ✎✌ ✥◆★✩✦✪✫❂✥ ✶✧✂ ✫ ☎✖✂ ✮✏✥✪✮ ✎ ★✩❄✄✦ ✎❡✎✌ ✥◆★✩✦✪✫✭✥ ✎✡ ✫✭✥ ✡ ✮ ✎✷✌ ✥ ✝ ✥✧✦ ✟ ❄ ✎✂ ✦✧✺✷✺ ✂ ✽ ✰✾✵✍✎✵✏✟✥ ✶✧✂ ✫ ☎ ✦ ✟☛✡★ ✂ ✮✍★✩❆❺✈ ✡✷☞✍✵✏✟✥✧★ ⑥ ❄❺➇✍❄❺➈❛✦✧✮✏✹ ➊ ★ ✌✏✂ ✽⑤✺✡✷❑ ✥✧✺✝ ✹ ✡★ ✎✟☛✡✕✖✵✏✎✡✂ ✮✍★ ✂✱✰❋✰✾✂✍✵ ✺✡✮ ☞➒✂✍✟☛☞ ✦✧✮ ✡★✬✫✭★ ✂ ✮ ✎✷✝✬☎✖✡✶ ✦✧✺s★✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟✥✪★ ✥✧★ ✎✦✕ ✺✡★ ✌ ✥✧✹ ✡✮❖❪ ✵ ✺✰ ✦④❪ ✵✍✡✮✏✥✪✦❍✦ ✰✾✎✥ ✟❢➊ ✦✧✮✏✹ ❸ ✝ ✥✧✦ ✟★✩❆✘✤✄✥ ☞✍✡✂ ✮✍★ ✺✂✍✶ ✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✏★▼✦ ✟✥ ☎✖✟✥✧★✩✥✧✮ ✎✥✧✹ ✂ ✮ ✰☛✡☞✍✵✍✟ ✥ ❆
Characterisation of marine growth in Region "A"
✈ ✡☞✍✵✏✟ ✥ ⑥s☞✏✡✷❱ ✥✧★❃✦ ☞ ✥✧✮✏✥ ✟ ✦✧✺ ✡ ✹✍✥✧✦ ✂✍✰❨✎✷✝✬☎✖✡✶ ✦✧✺ ✶✧✂ ✺ ✂ ✮ ✡ ★✩✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✥✧✮ ✶✧✂✍✵ ✮ ✎✥ ✟✥✧✹ ✡✮ ✟✥ ☞✏✡✂ ✮❍➜ ✗ ➜ ✕ ✥ ✎✽❡✥✧✥✪✮ ✰✾✡❱ ✥P✦✪✮✏✹ ✎✥✧✮ ✝ ✥✧✦ ✟★✩❆ ✗❣✰✾✎✥ ✟ ✰✾✡✷❱ ✥ ✝ ✥✧✦ ✟ ★✩❄ ✕ ✦ ✟ ✮✏✦ ✶ ✺✥✪★✩❄❞★✩✥✧✦✪✽✚✥✧✥✪✹✍★❂✦✧✮✏✹ ✌✍✝ ✹ ✟☛✂✍✡ ✹✍★❂✦ ✟ ✥❢✦ ✟ ✥ ✎✷✌ ✥❧✫ ✂ ★ ✎ ✟✥ ☎✖✟✥✧★✩✥✧✮ ✎✦ ✎✡❱ ✥✉★☎ ✥ ✶✧✡✥✧★❭✽ ✡✎✷✌ ✹✱✥☎✖✎✌ ✦✧✮✏✹ ✎✷✡✫❂✥✧❆❂⑩ ✝ ★✎✥ ✟★P✹✍✥ ❱ ✥✪✺✂✆☎ ✰✾✟☛✂ ✫➀★ ✵✏✟☛✰✦ ✶ ✥ ✎✂ ✫ ✡✹✍✹✍✺✥❦✽❡✦ ✎✥ ✟❆ ✙✪☎✖✂ ✮ ☞ ✥✧★❬✦✧✮✏✹ ✕✖✟❁✝✠✂✍❯✧✂ ✦✧✮✏★ ✶✪✂✍❱ ✥ ✟ ★ ✵✏✟❁✰ ✦ ✶ ✥ ✂✍✰ ★ ✎✟☛✵✏✶✧✎✷✵✏✟ ✦✧✺❤✥✧✺✥✪✫✭✥✧✮ ✎ ★ ✡ ✮❅★ ✌ ✦✧✺✷✺ ✂ ✽❴✽✚✦ ✎ ✥ ✟ ❆ ✗❣✰✾✎ ✥ ✟✘ ❸ ✝ ✥✪✦ ✟ ★✩❄ ★☎✖✂ ✮ ☞ ✥✪★❥✹ ✡★✩✦☎✍☎ ✥✧✦ ✟✥✧✹❦✦✧✮✏✹❦★ ✂ ✫✭✥ ✂✱✝ ★ ✎✥ ✟★❥✦ ✟✥ ☎✖✟✥✧★✩✥✧✮ ✎❡✡✮❦★✌ ✦✧✺✺✂ ✽ ✽✚✦ ✎ ✥ ✟✴✂ ✮✍✺ ✝ ❆ ✢ ✲ ✎ ✥✪✮✏✹✍✥✧✹ ✂✍✰❞✕✖✟❁✝✠✂✍❯ ✦✧✮✏★ ✡ ★❥✫ ✂✍✟ ✥ ✡ ✫ ☎✖✂✍✟☛✎ ✦✧✮ ✎♠✡ ✮✣✹✍✥ ☎✖✎✌ ✥✧✲ ✶ ✥☎✖✎▼✡✮❩★ ✌ ✦✧✺✺✂ ✽▲✽✚✦ ✎✥ ✟ ✽ ✌ ✥ ✟✥ ✎✌ ✥ ✝ ✦ ✟✥❅✦✕ ★✩✥✪✮ ✎❆✞➔✉✥ ✰✾✡✮✏✹◆★ ✂ ✫✭✥ ✶✧✂✍✟ ✦✧✺★ ✎✂✍✂ ❆❂❉ ✌✏✡★ ☎ ✦ ✎✎✥ ✟✮ ✂✍✰❬✶✧✂ ✺✂ ✮ ✡★✩✦ ✎✡✂ ✮ ✰✾✂ ✺✺✂ ✽✚★✣✦✪✮ ✡✟☛✟ ✥ ☞✍✵ ✺✦ ✟ ✶✪✝✠✶ ✺✥ ✂✍✰❝✶✧✂ ✺ ✂ ✮ ✡ ★✩✦ ✎✡✂ ✮✘✦✪✮✏✹❂✹✍✥ ✶✧✟ ✥✧✦✧★✩✥✧★r✽ ✡✎✷✌✘✎✡ ✫✭✥✧❆
