Piece Rates, Fixed Wages and Incentives: Evidence from a Field Experiment
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(2) CIRANO Le CIRANO est un organisme sans but lucratif constitué en vertu de la Loi des compagnies du Québec. Le financement de son infrastructure et de ses activités de recherche provient des cotisations de ses organisationsmembres, d’une subvention d’infrastructure du ministère de la Recherche, de la Science et de la Technologie, de même que des subventions et mandats obtenus par ses équipes de recherche. CIRANO is a private non-profit organization incorporated under the Québec Companies Act. Its infrastructure and research activities are funded through fees paid by member organizations, an infrastructure grant from the Ministère de la Recherche, de la Science et de la Technologie, and grants and research mandates obtained by its research teams. Les organisations-partenaires / The Partner Organizations PARTENAIRE MAJEUR . Ministère du développement économique et régional [MDER] PARTENAIRES . Alcan inc. . Axa Canada . Banque du Canada . Banque Laurentienne du Canada . Banque Nationale du Canada . Banque Royale du Canada . Bell Canada . Bombardier . Bourse de Montréal . Développement des ressources humaines Canada [DRHC] . Fédération des caisses Desjardins du Québec . Gaz Métropolitain . Hydro-Québec . Industrie Canada . Ministère des Finances [MF] . Pratt & Whitney Canada Inc. . Raymond Chabot Grant Thornton . Ville de Montréal . École Polytechnique de Montréal . HEC Montréal . Université Concordia . Université de Montréal . Université du Québec à Montréal . Université Laval . Université McGill ASSOCIÉ À : . Institut de Finance Mathématique de Montréal (IFM 2) . Laboratoires universitaires Bell Canada . Réseau de calcul et de modélisation mathématique [RCM 2] . Réseau de centres d’excellence MITACS (Les mathématiques des technologies de l’information et des systèmes complexes) Les cahiers de la série scientifique (CS) visent à rendre accessibles des résultats de recherche effectuée au CIRANO afin de susciter échanges et commentaires. Ces cahiers sont écrits dans le style des publications scientifiques. Les idées et les opinions émises sont sous l’unique responsabilité des auteurs et ne représentent pas nécessairement les positions du CIRANO ou de ses partenaires. This paper presents research carried out at CIRANO and aims at encouraging discussion and comment. The observations and viewpoints expressed are the sole responsibility of the authors. They do not necessarily represent positions of CIRANO or its partners.. ISSN 1198-8177.
(3) Piece Rates, Fixed Wages and Incentives: Evidence from a Field Experiment * Bruce Shearer†. Résumé / Abstract Des données expérimentales sont utilisées afin de mesurer le gain en productivité réalisé quand des travailleurs sont payés à la pièce plutôt qu’à taux fixe. L’expérience a été complétée dans une entreprise qui s’occupe de plantation d’arbres et fournit des observations quotidiennes sur la productivité individuelle de chaque travailleur sous les deux systèmes de compensation. Des méthodes statistiques sans restriction mesurent le gain en productivité à 20%. Étant donnée que les conditions de plantation affectent potentiellement la productivité, les méthodes structurelles sont utilisées afin de généraliser les résultats en dehors de l’expérience. Les résultats structurels suggèrent que le gain en productivité, en dehors des conditions expérimentales, sera au moins de 21.7%. Mots clés : Économétrie des contrats, incitations, expériences.. Data from a field experiment are used to estimate the gain in productivity that is realized when workers are paid piece rates rather than fixed wages. The experiment was conducted within a tree-planting firm and provides daily observations on individual worker productivity under both copensation systems. Unrestricted statistical methods estimate the productivity gain to be 20%. Since planting conditions potentially affect incentives, structural econometric methods are used to generalize the experimental results to out -of-samples conditions. The structural results suggest that the average productivity gain, outside of the experimental conditions, would be at least 21.7%. Keywords: Econometrics of Contracts, Incentives, Experiments. Codes JEL : J3, L2, C9. *. I acknowledge research support from CIRANO, FCAR and SSHRC. For helpful comments and suggestions I thank Lorne Carmichael, Chris Ferrall, Chris Flinn, Lynda Khalaf, David Margolis, Paul Oyer, Harry Paarsch, John Rust and Marc Van Audenrode. I also thank participants at the Canadian Economics Association, the Econometrica Society’s 8th World Congress, the Numerical Intensive Economic Policy Analysis (Queen’s University), the Econometrics of Strategy and Decision Making (Yale University), the Stanford Institute of Theoretical Economics, and seminar participants at CREST (Paris), GATE (Lyons), McGill, New York and Toulouse. A major part of this paper was completed while I was visiting CREST – I thank its members for their generous hospitality. † Département d’économique, Université Laval, CIRPÉE and CIRANO, Québec, Québec, G1K 7P4, Canada, email: Bruce.Shearer@Ecn.ULlaval.ca, tel. (418) 656-2131(#5606), fax (418) 656-7798..
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