Anthropogenic landscape change: synthesis of the concepts and quantification methods

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Anthropogenic landscape change:

synthesis of the concepts and

quantification methods

André M.,

Vranken I., Mahy G., Visser, M., Bogaert J.

Towards Resilient Ecosystems: Restoring the Urban,

the Rural and the Wild

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C. Or tiz R ojas ht tp:/ /buz zly .fr Ariz on a, US A. Au gust 16 , 2014 - Wire d Thyssenkrupp

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Introduction

: anthropogenic disturbances

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Introduction

:

description, measurement, representation

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http://fo-sante.org, 17/08/2015

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Introduction

:

ecological restoration

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EU Biodiversity Strategy, target 2:

« By 2020, ecosystems end their services are

maintained and enhanced by establishing green

infrastructure and restoring at least 15% of degraded

ecosystems. »

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EU Biodiversity Strategy, target 2:

« By 2020, ecosystems end their services are

maintained and enhanced by establishing green

infrastructure and restoring at least 15% of degraded

ecosystems. »

European Commission Biodiversity Strategy Impact Assessment:

«

Ecological restoration

: The return of an ecosystem

to its original community structure, natural complement of

species and natural functions. »

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Objectives

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Objectives

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Sort the different concepts related to the anthropogenic changes

1) What are the alternatives for an anthropised ecosystem or

landscape?

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Objectives

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Sort the different concepts related to the anthropogenic changes

1) What are the alternatives for an anthropised ecosystem or

landscape?

/ What are the different end points of a restoration process?

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Reference concepts

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Hemer

ob

y

Hemeroby:

Measure of the difference between a reference natural state

and an anthropised one

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Reference concepts

12

Hemer

ob

y

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Reference concepts

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Naturalness:

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Reference concepts

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Naturalness:

state of the system when no human activity has influenced it

Reference state of naturalness

= departure point to measure anthropisation

= goal to achieve while restoring

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Reference concepts

15

Hemer

ob

y

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Reference concepts

16 Original naturalness Hemer ob y

Geologic time scale

European Commission Biodiversity Strategy Impact Assessment:

« Ecological restoration: The return of an ecosystem to its

original

community structure, natural complement of species

and natural functions. »

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Reference concepts

Geologic time scale

Virtual

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Reference concepts

Geologic time scale

Virtual

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Reference concepts

Geologic time scale

Virtual

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Reference concepts

Geologic time scale

Virtual

naturalness

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Reference concepts

Geologic time scale

Pote nt ial na tur alness Abiotic disturb.

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Reference concepts

Geologic time scale

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Reference concepts

Geologic time scale

Virtual

naturalness

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Reference concepts

Geologic time scale

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Reference concepts

Geologic time scale

Non-return

Anthropised

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Reference concepts

Geologic time scale

Non-return Global anthrop. effects

NOVEL

Hemer ob y Geologic time scale

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Reference concepts

27 Global anthrop. effects

NOVEL

Geologic time scale Hemer ob y

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Reference concepts

NOVEL

Geologic time scale Hemer ob y

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Reference concepts

NOVEL

Ecological succession Geologic time scale Hemer ob y Future naturalness

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Reference concepts

30 Global anthrop. effects Pote nt ial na tur alness Abiotic disturb.

NOVEL

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Reference concepts

NOVEL

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Reference concepts

32 Global anthrop. effects Abiotic disturb. Artificial (?) indigenous naturalness

NOVEL

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Reference concepts

33 Future Abiotic disturb. Global anthrop. effects

NOVEL

Artificial (?) indigenous naturalness Hemer ob y

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Reference concepts

34 Future Abiotic disturb. Global anthrop. effects

NOVEL

Artificial (?) indigenous naturalness Hemer ob y

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Assessment variables

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Drivers Pressures Responses

feedbacks

Anthropogenic effect

Impacts States

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Assessment variables

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Population

Human presence

feedbacks Anthropogenic effect Economy Impacts States VARIABLES

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Assessment variables

37 Population Infrastructures Disturbance type Human presence Anthropic activities

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Assessment variables

38 Population Infrastructures Disturbance type Land use/cover Biotope Human presence Anthropic activities Anthropised Novel ecosystem

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Assessment variables

39 Population Infrastructures Disturbance type Land use/cover Biotope Biocoenosis Human presence Anthropic activities Anthropised Novel ecosystem Biocoenosis disturbances

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Assessment variables

40 Population Infrastructures Disturbance type Land use/cover Biotope Biocoenosis Ecological restoration, Conservative management Human presence Anthropic activities Anthropised Novel ecosystem Biocoenosis disturbances

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Representation methods

Simple measures

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Composite indexes

Hemeroby scales

Qualitative data

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Take home message

Hemer ob y Original _Virtual Pote nt ial Pote_nt ial Hemer ob y Global anthrop. effects Anthropised Future Abiotic disturb. Virtual

?

Geologic time scale

?

Artificial (?) indigenous naturalness

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An attempt to map the hemeroby of a

landscape…

André, M.*, Vranken, I.*, Boisson, S., Mahy, G., Rüdisser, J., Visser, M., Lejeune, P., & Bogaert, J. (in press) Quantification of anthropogenic effects in the landscape of

Lubumbashi. In G. Mahy, G. Colinet, & J. Bogaert (eds.) Anthropisation au Katanga. Gembloux: Presses Universitaires de Gembloux

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