Atmospheric lead deposition in an ombrotrophic peat bog of Southern Poland

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ATMOSPHERICLEADDEPOSITIONINANOMBROTROPHICPEATBOGOF SOUTHERN POLAND

Barbara Fiałkiewicz-Kozieł1*_{, Francois De Vleeschouwer}2,7_{, Beata Smieja-Król}3_{, Natalia} Piotrowska4_{, Bernard Palowski}1_{, Piotr Kołaczek}5_,_{Nathalie Fagel}6_,_Nadine_Mattielli7_Mattielli6,

Nathalie Fagel7

1. Department of Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, ul. Bankowa9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland (*basiaf1234@poczta.fm).

2. Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden.

3. Institute of Mineralogy, Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia, ul. Będzińska 60, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.

4. Department of Radioisotopes, GADAM Centre of Excellence, Institute of Physics, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.

5. Department of Paleobotany, Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University, ul.Lubicz 46, 31-512 Cracow, Poland.

6.

7. Unité de recherche: "Isotopes : Pétrologie et Environnement", Département des Sciences de la Terre et de l'Environnement, CP 160/02, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue FD. Roosevelt 50, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium

8. Department of Geology, AGEs

9. Unité de Recherche Argiles, Géochimie et Environnements sédimentaires, Université de Liège, Allée du 6 août, B18, 4000 Liège, Belgium

10. Unité de recherche: "Isotopes : Pétrologie et Environnement", Département des Sciences de la Terre et de l'Environnement, CP 160/02, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue FD. Roosevelt 50, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium

Lead concentrations and isotopes were measured in 1,.30m-dated -core from the ombrotrophic peat bog of Puścizna Mała (Southern Poland); Our aim is in order to differentiate lead anthropogenic vs. natural sources and to reconstruct the history of lead pollution in Southern Poland.

Total lead concentrations were measured by inductively Inductively coupled Coupled plasma Plasma atomic Atomic emission Emission Sspectrometry (ICP-AES) after HF-HNO3-HCl extraction digestion (UŚL, Katowice). Stable lead isotopes were

measured by multiMulti-collector Collector inductively Inductively coupled Coupled plasma Plasma mass Mass spectrometry Spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) (ULB, Brussels). Results were compared with mineralogical fraction of the peat samples and with rock isotopic data from the literature. A detailed chronology age model was constructed using both 210_{Pb and}14_{C measurements, further refined . The resulting}

combined chronology was refined by comparison with dated pollen diagrams from the same bog.

The main results show a record of ca. 1800 years of variations in lead concentration changes and isotopic variationscompositions. In the lower part of the core (Vth_{to VI}th_{century AD), the}206_Pb/207_{Pb ratio averages 1.192, reflecting that the}

Pb supply to the bog mainly originated from of natural sources (i.e. erosion). Then,, from the IXth_{to the XVII}th_{century AD, the}206_Pb/207_{Pb ratio ranges from 1.176 to}

1.179, which is in good agreement with Polish galena and coal from Eastern countries. A dramatic increase in lead accumulation rates is then observed in the upper part of the core. and is pPeaking during the 1920-1930’s, which it may

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possibly reflect the higher metal demand for the armament industry, the influence of coal combustion and the latter use of leaded gasoline.