E-noses and integrated measurement networks
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Contents
E-nose: a bioinspired instrument?
Instrument
Concept
Data treatment
In-situ application: integrated measurement networks
Objectives
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E-nose: a bioinspired instrument ?
Analogy with the biological system:
E-nose = instrument with several potentials but with
performances far behind the human olfactory system
Intensity Hedonic tone Character Olfactory receptors Chemical sensors signal processing Odour perception Chemical info Chemical concentration Composition
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Instrument
Definition
“instrument which comprises an
array
ofchemical sensors
with partial specificity and an appropriatepattern recognition system
,capable of recognizing simple or complex odours“
[Gardner and Bartlett, 1993]
Chemical sensors
a small element that transforms chemical information into an electrical signal
X +S
XS
X
TimeDK
ij Elec tric al s ignalS
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Concept
Combination of all the signals
PATTERN RECOGNITION SYSTEM
Signal of each sensor
(Dkij)Sensors array
(i)Pattern
Cheese ?
Chemical sensors
1 2 3 4 5 6
Odour (j)
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Data treatment
Identification
Pulp and paper plant
Landfill
Farm Learning of the model
Use of the model to identify the pattern
many samples of the same source in different conditions
Relationships between the “pattern” and the input (gaseous mixture) :
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Data treatment
Quantification
Relationships between the “pattern” and the input (gaseous mixture) :
Multivariate analyses (mathematical and statistical models)
Calibration (Learning) :
many samples of the same source in different concentrations
Landfill odour : various concentrations
534 ou
7354 ou
110 ou - chemical analysis (mg/m³)
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In Situ applications:
Integrated measurement networks
- The case of a landfill.
- The case of a paper mill.
- The case of a pig farm
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In Situ application : Ambient odour monitoring
Landfill
E-nose
Computer
E-nose network
control
internet
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In Situ application : odour monitoring
Landfill
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6 sensors Figaro
®+ temperature and
humidity.
Continuous measurement of sensor conductance (no cycling
air/sample)
Simple box, easily
accessible for
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Footer Text
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In Situ application : Paper mill
Integrated measurement network – by industrial process variables and
e-noses
E-nose
Computer
1
2
Industrial variables
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In Situ application : Paper mill
Integrated measurement network – by industrial process variables and
e-noses
E-nose
Computer
Online platform
internet
1
2
Industrial variables
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In Situ application : Pig farm
Odour measurement network at the emission sources and ambient air
E-nose 2* E-nose 1* E-nose 3 Central computer Meteo station
E-nose 1 and 2 : odour and flow monitoring into the stacks → monitoring of all odour emissions from the pig farm.
E-nose 3: odour monitoring in ambient air.
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In Situ application : Pig farm
Odour measurement network in the emission sources and ambient air
E-nose in the stack
Pitot wing Air sampling Dust and condensation filter Temperature/ humidity sensor chamber Pressure sensor (pitot wing)
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Odour measurement networks: objectives
- Monitoring of the evolution of odour emissions (diffuse or
canalized) from a site.
- System of alert in direction of the neighbours
- Quantification of the emissions
- Check the odour concentrations at the limit of the site.
- Check the neighbours complaints
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