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(1)

عوضوملا

2010

2011

(2)
(3)
(4)

2008

.

(5)

2007

2008

(6)

1

2

3

4

5

(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)

2008 1929

(12)

1

1989 1991

1944

(13)

2.1

1

1

2007

1

17

2

2006

29

3

11

2003

18

4

41

(14)

2

3

4

5

Interdependence

6

1971 1973 1971 1

2009

37

2

2002

(15)

2

1.2

1

2003

38

(16)

27 12 1945 184 23 1983 2004 80 81 1

2004

88

2

94

97

(17)

8 10

8

2

2.2

WB

.

IMF

17

12

1945

1

2003

38

2

109

3

(18)

3.2

Rules Procrdure Agreement Decisions Conferences Organisations

(19)

UNCTAD WTO

1

2

DSU

Dispute Settlement Understanding

3

TPRM Trade Policy Review

Mechanism

4

1

136

2

2003

38

.

3

191

4

29

30

(20)

3

1.3

2.3

3.3

(21)

4.3

5.3

1

80

2

600 20 25 1

48

49

2

2003

53

(22)

3

4

6.3

WTO-WB-IMF

4

1.4

1

(23)
(24)

2.1.4

1

153

(25)
(26)

1995 250 50 1

2.4

(27)

1

2

3

4

5

6

(28)

7

8

(29)
(30)

1.1

1

2005

19

2

24

1996

9

3

1999

19

(31)

2 1

Real

Assets

1

2006

18

2

15

(32)

Financial Assets

Capital& Money

Market Spot & Future Marke

t

Primary& Secondary Market Organized& Non Organized Market Securities& Currency Market

1

1

44

45

2

2002

14

15

(33)

2005 46

(34)

Primary

Market

Secondary

Market

Third

Market

Fourth Market

Blokcs

10000

(35)

3.1

1

23

(36)

1

Market Order

Market Bay Order

Sell Order

2

Limit Orders Day Order Open Order Short Selling Cost of Trading

(37)

Commissions

Bid & Ask Price )

The

Market Makers 1

68

(38)

1

1

25

26

2

(39)

2

(40)

4.1

1

2

3

1

51

2

1999

227

(41)

2

1987

1997

1.

2

هتيمهأو يلاملا رارقتسلاا ةيهام

:

on Sep 30,2010.

1

(42)

www.personal.umich.edu/alandear/glossary/f.html

1

Lucas Papademos, financial stability and macro prudential supervision objectives,

instruments and the role of the ECB at the conference “the ECB and its watchers x1,

Frankfurt,4-09-2009” www.ecb .int/press/key/date/2009/html-le 5.10.2010.

2

2008

1429

3

(43)

،

ماظنلا

2008

2008

2007

2008 2009 2008 2010 2011 1

4

10

2010

http://aldefaa3.com/almogtarbeen.mvc.aspx/show/240/3/12

(44)

2007

.

2.2

1999

20

1

2

durmus yilmaz governor, financial security and stability, central bank of the republic of

(45)

1999

3.2

1

The financial stability institute ,

www.bis.org/fsi/aboutfsi.htm

.

2010

-

10

-

05

ةراٌسلا موٌ

2

www.fsforum.org/home/home.html

.

2010

-

10

-

05

:

ةراٌسلا موٌ

،ًلودلا دقنلا قودنص ،ًلاملا رارقتسلاا ىلع ظافحلا ،يزانٍشلا يراغ 2005 ص ، 8 . 3

(46)

1

Early Warning System EWS

I

(47)

1

،حافلط دمحأ 2005 ص ،كباس عجرم ، 2 . 1

(48)
(49)
(50)
(51)

،ًلودلا دمنلا قودنص ،ًلاملا رارمتسلاا ىلع ظافحلا ،يزانٍشلا يراغ 2005

ص ، 9 .

(52)
(53)

Krisis Moment o

f

Decision 1937 Steve Albert 1

2008

62

2

2009

22

3

2007

8

4

6

16

4

2011

www.dr-al-adakee.com/sound/.../aln3esa-1216470336.doc

5

16

4

2011

http://www.7eda.com/vb/t25179.html

(54)

Mitroff & Pauchomt

1992

Pauchomt & Dourrlle

1993

Risks Threats Conflict Accidents Instability Oppotumte

s

3 Characteristics of Crisis 1

2007

30

2

64

(55)

Steve Albert

1

2

3

4

5

6

Stakeholders 1

20

2

2004

14

3

27

(56)

1

2

3

4

5

6

2.1

1.2.1

1

24

(57)

Environmental Causes

Political Factors

Legal Factors Economic & Financial Factors

Social Factors Natural Factors Organizational Causes Direct Control Management Management Style Resource Managemen

t

Grapevine

(58)

1993 Strikes Inadequate IS Stress

2.2.1

1

99

2

111

(59)

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1

2

3

1

34

2

31

(60)

4

1

35

2

113

(61)

1

32

2

32

3

37

4

118

(62)

3.2.1

1

38

2

120

(63)

Immediate Crises Abrupt Internal Disturbances External Disturbances General Specific Emerging Crises Sutained Crises 1

122

106

2

(64)

3

4

5

1

25

2

104

106

3

26

4

(65)

Micro Crises Macro Crises 2008 2009

6

3

1

2

3

7

111

1

(66)

3.1

(67)

1

2

3

4

128

1

130

2

(68)
(69)

18

1

(70)

2

1980 1999

50 %

(71)

1

2

3

4

1

Barthalon Eric, Crises financières, Revue problèmes économiques, N°2595, 1998.

2

5

6

2009

9

3

39

4

2002

6

4

1998

1999

207

(72)
(73)

1998 1999 208

3

1

2003

35

36

(74)

2003

1

Economic – Linkages

2

Heghtened – Awareness

3

Portfolio – Adjustmen

t

4

Hard behavio

r

(75)

2

4

1

1637

1720

1797

1 Le groupe Wikipedia, Crise financière, dans Wikipedia : the free encyclopedia,

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/crise-Financière#Liste-des-crises-financ-C3-A8res, 2/10/2009.

(76)

1

1810

1819

1825

1836

1637 1637 1720 1797 26 1797

(77)

1810 1819 1812 1825 3300 1836 1837 1873 9 1873

(78)

2

1929

1974

1979

3

1982

1985

1987

1929 1974 1979 1982 1973 1978

(79)

4

1990

1992

1994

1997

1998

1990 1992 20 1992 1994 1997 1985 28 20 1987 400

(80)

1998

5

2000

2001

2007

2000 2000 2001 11 2001 130 2007

:

Le groupe Wikipedia, Crise financière, dans Wikipedia : the free encyclopedia

,

(81)

1982 1995 1997 1998 1998 2001 2001

0

0

0

0

0

1990 1990

0 :

تلاد رٍغ Non significatif.(

)

+ :تلاد )Significatif.(

+ + :

تحضاو دج Très marqué.(

)

ردصملا : Jean Claude Trichet, Stabilité financière et banques centrales,

Ed Economica, Sep 2007, p44.

(82)

3.2

2008

2009

1.3.2

2008 2009 11 2001 1 1977 1

(83)

Spéculation

2.3.2

2007

2007

2007

Bear Stearns 1

5

6

2009

3

2 Wikipedia, Crise financière [online]: Wikipedia the free encyclopedia,

(84)

2007

8 94 24

2007

Northen Rock

2007

USB 4

2008

3 5

2008

200

2008

JP Morgan Chase

Bear Stearns

2008

Fannie Mae

Freddie Mac

2008

200

15

2008

Wall Street

16

2008

85

9 79

17

2008

(85)

18

2008

700

19

2008

23

2008

26

2008

28

2008

29

2008

1

2008

3.3.2

2008

1

http://www.BBCArabic.com

2009

11

20

(86)

2007 6 5 1994 2007 34

5

13 0 2 2008 7 7 15 3 25 2 5 1998

1

4

0

1

0

4

(87)

2008

1

2

46

1

http://www.alaswaq.net/articles/2008/11/02.19306.html

2

14724

16

10

2008

16

1429

3

http://www.echoronkoline.com

(88)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

(89)
(90)
(91)
(92)
(93)

I

Mutual Funds

1

1924 2000 292 1984 900 1990 1

1

2005

127

(94)

9.8 1979 85 1990 6 25

5

1940 0.5 0.5 68 1945 1.3 1.3 73 1950 2.5 2.5 98 1955 7.8 7.8 125 1960 17 17 161 1965 35.2 35.2 170 1970 45.1 2.5 47.6 356 1975 37.5 4.7 3.7 45.9 390 1980 44.4 14 76.4 134.8 564 1985 116.9 134.8 243.8 595.5 1528 1990 245.8 322.7 498.3 1066.8 3105 1991 411.6 322.7 542.5 1395.5 3427 1992 522.8 577.3 546.2 1646.3 3850 1993 749 761.1 565.3 2075.4 4558 1994 866.5 684 611.0 2161.5 5357 1995 و 1996 1067.2 741.5 687.0 2495.8 5608 1

(95)

1 1999 250

1.1

1

3

2004

23

2

2009

88

(96)

1

129

2

1

2004

49

(97)

1

.

2

.

1

2

1

29

2

79

(98)

3

4

5

1

2

1

306

(99)

3

4

3.1

Creation New Mutual Fund

1

134

(100)

1

Arbitrage Pricing Theory

2

Vanguard group

3

1

257

258

(101)

1

Incorporate the fund

2

Select custodian

3

Select accountants & counsel

4

objectives & constraints

Define

investment

5

Negotiating term’s investment

6

SEC

2

1.2

1

1

24

2

25

3

82

(102)

2

2.2

.

1

Growth funds

2

Income funds

Blue-chip

1

44

2

142

3

425

(103)

3

Partially income partially growth funds

4

Tax–Managed funds

3.2

.

1

Common stock funds

1

48

2

1

2006

154

3

157

4

148

149

(104)

2

Bond funds

1

1999

33

34

2

148

149

3

65

(105)

3

Balanced funds

4

Money market funds

1983

4.2

.

1

2

3

.

1.3

.

1

46

2

136

3

36

4

67

(106)

1991

1

2

3

2.3

.

1

2

3

1

2009

1

182

2

2

2003

(107)

1

2

3

4

5

3.3

.

The growth portfolio

The income portfolio

1

294

(108)

The mixed portfolio

1

21

(109)

2

2007

(110)

OECD

Kemmit

gouvernement national

1

Belaicha Amine, Bouzidi Abdeldjellil, Labaronne Daniel, Un fond d’investissement d’état

pour l’algérie, Colloque international, crises financières internationale ralentissement

économique mondial et effets sur les économies euromagrébines, Université de Béjaia. P3

2 Kimmitt, Robert M. (2008) Sovereign Wealth Funds and the World Economy,Foreign Affairs, Vol. 87,

No. 1 Washington D.C.

3 Truman, E. (2008) Sovereign Wealth Funds: New Challenges from a Changing

Landscape, Testimony before the Subcommittee on Domestic and International

(111)

2.1

1953

.

1

2010

89

. 2

Fond Monétaire International [2008], « Fond souverain, Le FMI intensifie ses travaux, IMF

survey magazine »

www.imf.org/imfsurvey

.

(112)

1969 53 2008

2

3 3 9 13 24 41 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 1950-59 1960-69 1970-79 1980-89 1990-99 2000-07 20 50 %

3

1

(113)

Source :Sovereign Wealth Fund Rankings, SWF Institute ,

December

2009

2

80 2007

(114)

1.2

* 7 11 2013 2007 ،

6

1

16

7

1

15

2

1

7 1 ، 5 -2 10 250 1

3

2008

2

* 2

(115)

6

2008

%

1

1,6

17

24

4

5,5

0,7

1,1

12

18

2,8

4

0,4

0,7

6

12

1,5

2,6

35

129

2009

216

1

27

12

2010

http://www.aljazeera.net/Nr/exeres/8DC50F7C-6A1B-4EFA-A5B2-OF3ACE2AB682.htm

(116)

1990

2004

1999

1997

8,1

AMD

1400

5000

1

30

11

2010

(117)
(118)

1

%

3.2

5

1 2

2

API/WPS0702 .

2008

3 4

(119)

3

1.3

1

3

2

875 25 2007 2008

2

1

Jacquet Pierre, Les fonds souverains, acteurs du développement?, cercle des économistes,

contribution au cahier sur les fonds souverains, P2.

(120)

7

2008 2007 1

5

4

3

24 2008 16

4

2.3

(121)

1

2

3

4

5

4

1.4

1

Driss Agardi et Alain Alcouffe, Fonds souverains et gouvernement d’entreprise, un état des

lieux, LIRHE Unité mixte de recherche CNRS/UT1, Septembre 2008, P2.

(122)

4

30 OCDE 60

2.4

2000 2008

7

2000 2008 1

Focus, Banque de France, Bilan et perspectives des fonds souverains, N°1-28 novembre 2008,

61

14

25

31

19

50

OCDE BRIC NON OCDE (hors BRIC)

250

785

(Brésil, Russie, Inde et Chine)

Source : Focus, Banque de France, N°1, 28 Novembre 2008, P5

(123)

17 2 3 10 15 1 2 9 40 2 3 21 4 1 2 38 5 4 22 20 1 1 2 11 1 0 2 1 2 2 16 5 3 7 15 1 1 1 5 1 2 4 2 1 76 0 9 5 9 1 100

: Moez Labidi, Lamia Mazigh, Jaidane, Fonds souverains et

stabilité financière intenationale, EAS Université de Monastir, Tunisie,

P7.

3.4

(124)

3190 Merril Lynch 2000 15000 17500 500 2000 3000 2012 10000 20

8

1953 213 1974 110 1976 39 1976 AHSTF 17 1976 875 1981 300 290 1983 35 1990 322

(125)

1997 SAFE 311 1993 Khazanah Naxional BHD 18 2000 2000 50 2000 12 2000 Khazanah Naxional KNF 18 2000 43 2001 35 2001 28 2001 15 2002 10 2003 157 2001 54 2005 15 2005 30 2006 82 2007 10

(126)

2007 40 2007 200 13 14 2009 2 3 70 ADIA 875 300 213 52

(127)

627 415 443 347 288

9

2008 495 1140 250 875 213 213 30 50 1

2010

2010

38

(128)

2 2 289 289 784 1429 93 93 43 43 50 50 656 656 380 380 40 40 16 16 125 125 30 30 9 9 21 21 1533 2158 453 683 208 438 200 200

(129)

30 30 15 15 2093 2968

Source :

International Monetary Fund (IMF) (2008) Sovereign Wealth Funds: A Work Agenda, Working Paper, Washington D.C, p 7.

10

2007 2010 2007 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008 3,190 3,130 3,300 3,789 3,927 3,976 2009 2009 2009 2009 2010 2010 2010 3,587 3,628 3,752 3,809 3,839 3,891 3,938

Source :

Sovereign Wealth Fund Rankings, SWF Institute , Novembre 2010, http://www.swfinstitute.org/fund-rankings / .

11

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(130)

3 1976 688 875 827 838 677 3 2003 -500 513 783 928 1 1990 316 280 380 445 445 3 1974 323 464 460 470 370 2 1953 213 262 228 202 203 2 1980 300 300 270 436 436 1 2004 122 157 157 168 168 1 2006 40 50 50 70 70 1 2000 43 43 43 43 47

Source :

Djebbar ,M, Sovereign wealth funds : New Global Players, National Conference on The Use of Oil and Gas Revenues

:repayment of debts, financing the economy and investment abroad , Faculty of Economic and Management sciences , Algiers University , Feb 24,2011

2007

2009

2010

(131)

26

2008

1

1.1

OCDE 2008

(132)

76,83

12

25 7 2007 2 05 25 7 2007 3 08 31 10 2008 6 94

(133)

31 10 2008 8 44 26 11 2007 7 5 15 1 2008 6 9 15 1 2008 5 6 16 1 2008 8 71 24 12 2007 4 4 15 1 2008 6 6 24 2 2008 0 6 28 7 2008 0 9 19 12 2008 5 58 10 12 2007 9 75 10 12 2007 1 77 17 10 2008 1 61 76 83

(134)

Source :

Banque de France, Bilan et perspectives des fonds souverains, Focus, 28 novembre 2008, P13. 2007 2008

2.1

2010 FEEM 2010 2010 2010 16

32

FEEM " 92 2009 22,2 2009 2010 1

Banque de France, 2008,Ibid ,P6.

2

11

(135)

9 7,4

15

4,3 6 4,3 10 2010

13

2010 16 6 2010 2 300.00 %4.99 7 5 2010 2,227.05 %100 15 3 2010 1,580.51 %15.82 11 5 2010 1,000.00

(136)

4 5 2010 956.00 %2.20 16 4 2010 868.00 %5.00 7 4 2010 847.00 %40.00 1 6 2010 817.00 %45.00 8 6 2010 756.13 1 1 2010 709.69 %20.00 14 1431 - 22 2010

-

39

4 1343 40

(137)

2009 28 22 14 1,5

2

12 2015

1.2

969 8

22

2010

1 2

4

3

2008

(138)

500 2002

57

29 3 2008 38 32 17

2.2

30 2008 30 2008 1

(139)

CIC

Deutsche telecom

Angel Markel

25

2008 1

Démarolle, 2008,Ibid , P 18.

(140)

Revue banque

2007 4 6 1

Acquisition et

fusion

3

1.3

3 2007 12 1

13

14

2009

19

2

197

(141)

50 4

2.3

4

1.4

1

25

(142)

1

2

3

1

2

3

4

2.4

30 2008

(143)

26

GAPP

2010

14

2010 GPF 3.993 ADIA 593 CIC 5.792 KIA 592 1

2008

2،1

(144)

GIC 5.742 TEM 031 WWF 9.19 RF 4.67 QIA 7 LIA 56 AFF 3.85 APF 7.33 NPRF 8.32 ESSF 2.02 KIC 8.71 SOFAZ 9.41 AHSTF 3.31 OSF 31 SF 8.9 Pula 9.6 PETZ 9.4 HSF 9.2

(145)

PRF 5.2 FGRF FFG ORSF 8822 22 2010 5

3.4

GAPP

1

2008

9

(146)

1

1

1

1

2

2

3

4

4

1

4

2

5

6

(147)

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

(148)

18

18

1

18

2

18

3

19

19

1

19

2

20

21

22

(149)

22

1

22

2

23

24

4.4

2010 2010 19 98 % 1

36

37

(150)

72 % 68 % 65 % 80 % 63 % 78 %

5

"

Temasekholdings

(151)

1.5

1990 373 297

Kristine Halvorsen

1

CAC 40

2

1 ،

8

2 لٍبن ، كباس عجرم ، جٍلف ىب 2010 ص ، 89 .

-government pension fund global , annual report 2009 . nbim annual report

(152)

3

4 %

4

60

%

35

%

55

%

10

%

40

%

50

%

50

%

5

%

123

21

2005

3

7

2006

5

(153)

2.5

Temasek

1974

134

4

%

2

%

Barclays

9,9

%

Mirril Lynch

Mass Rapid Transit

Technology

2002

38

%

2007

2008

31

%

39

2008

1

Anouar Achour ,Helene Cometto, Descamps S., Hammoud C., Lacoye-Mateus , les fonds

souverain , conquete de la politique par la finance , école de guerre économique ,decembre 2007,

p5 .

- Bettina Wassener « Singapore’s Sovereign Fund Loses 31% of Its Portfolio » in The New York

Times, 11 février 2009.

(154)

2007

12

(155)

300

850

330

(156)
(157)

40 60 % 80 90 %

(158)

32 2008 Intergenerational Equity 2007 2008

1

1 Jen, Stephen The GCC: Transforming Oil Wealth into Financial Portfolios,

(159)

1.1

1

07

2009

2010

8

2

2005

2006

253

(160)

2

3

4

2

2007

2008

(161)

2008 1,8 2 60 % 37 %

1.2

1

2009

4

2

2009

1

1

3

23

25

2009

6

(162)

1

S’CDO S’CDS 750 ABC 500

2

3

50

2,3

%

1,45 % 2007 5 % 2008

2.2

(163)

50 13,61 14 75 % 200 53,1 5 %

5

%

10 % 10 20 % 1

13

14

(164)

15

1,5 % 13,6 14 75 % 5 % 10 20 %

15

(165)

IOSCO

3

1.3

(166)

16

45 55 %

8 12 %

1 4 %

12 18 % 4 8 % 5 10 % 5 10 % 2 8 % 0 4 % 35 50 %

25 35 %

10 20 % 15 25 % 55 65 % 8 12 % 8 12 % 3 7 %

76 86 % 13 17 %

(167)

3 7 % 4 6 % 33 % 41 % 26 % 40 % 20 % 20 % 15 % 5 % 100 % 40 % 60 % 20 % 25 % 40 % 5 % 5 % 5 %

Source :

Bernardo Bortolotti ,Veljko fotak , William L.Megginson , William

F.Miracky , quiet leviathans , sovereign wealth fund investment, passivity , and the value of the firm , 25 octobre 2010 , p 34 .

(168)

3,9 1400 36,3 % 654,3 675,1 437,3 202 3 65 18,3 2,3 100

14

8,2

17

1976 627 1984 14 1

8

2

2011

(169)

2002 13,3 654,3 2006 19,6 2005 1,2 675,1 432 2008 5,3 437,3 1953 202,8 2005 65 1980 8,2 2006 14 1402,2 3867,7

(170)

36,3 %

Source :

http://www.swfinstitute.org/funds.php

1400 35 654 738 2008 473 15 1

(171)

202

(172)

46

18

%

88 86 48 29 63 47 14 2 0 15 25 14 4 0 11 63 57 68 25 59 31 21 7 0 15

1Edwin M Truman , Sovereign Wealth Funds: New Challenges from a Changing

Landscape, Testimony before the Subcommittee on Domestic and International Monetary Policy, Trade and Technology, US House of Representatives,

(173)

63 0 18 0 23 76 56 57 33 59 97 83 100 100 100

ًجٌورنلا ثاشاعملا قودنص

Source :

Edwin M Truman , Sovereign Wealth Funds: New Challenges from a Changing

Landscape, Testimony before the Subcommittee on Domestic and International Monetary Policy, Trade and Technology, US House of Representatives,

(174)

2.3

2007 2008 350 2009 2008 1,115 1,165 2007

2008

350

35 % 2008 1

45&Itemid=1&ln=ar#up

2009

3

4

http://wwww.alraimedia.com/Alrai/Article.aspx?id=161600

(175)

2008

2008

2008

19

2008 12 2007 12 2008 (%) 453 328 59 183 40 262 228 57 94 36

(176)

65 58 28 27 41 385 501 162 46 12 1282 1200 273 350 27 371 325 64 111 30

Source :

Brad Setser and Rachel Ziemba , GCC Sovereign Funds Reversal of Fortune , center for geoeconomic studies , January 2009, p2 .

(177)

30 % 50 % 2003 20 % 20 % 25 % 2003 30 % 15 % 2003 60 %

3.3

1

1 2

4

2010

http://www.alrroya.com/mode

/94211

.

3

7

1430

4

2009

38

12845

money work

2009

http://www.moneyworks.ae/news/qrchive/2200903.pdf

.

(178)

2

3

4

China Dubai Capital

(179)
(180)

1

ADIA Moubadala IPIC

1.1

1976 100 % 2007 2008 500 875 80 % 2007 2008 4,9 %

(181)

45 55 % 8 12 % 12 18 % 45 40 5 10 5 2010 125 196,4 15 % 12 % 100 1

Bernardo Bortolotti ,Veljko fotak , William L.Megginson , William F.Miracky, p 34 .

2

3

12

2010

www.m-e-c.biz/gatopekdubai.html

(182)

16 % 8,3 % 7,6 % 4,9 % 9 % 3 % 2 % 3 %

2.1

2002 1

3

12

2010

(183)

2008 EADS 7,5 % Carlyle 2007 1,35

8,1

%

AMD 622 25 %

Lease plan corporation

5 %

ferrari

35 %

Piaggio Aero

2008 3 8

3.1

IPIC

1

2009

3

2

2008

11

(184)

IPIC 1984

17,6 %

oil search limited

1 70 % MAN 1,63 71 %

Abu Dhabi Investment Council

2006

2008 95 %

New York Chrysler Building 800 1

IPIC

www.ipic.ae

2

2009

3

(185)

20

70,48 % 64,84 % 50,01 % 30 % 23,8 % 17,5 % 11,81 % 7,61 %

30

2010

http://www.gulfbase.com/site/interface/arabic/CompanyOwnershi

p.aspx?id=409&c=427

(186)

21

1976 250 875 45 55 % 45 % 16 % 8,3 %

(187)

8 12 % 12 18 % 40 % 10 % 5 % 7,6 % 4,9 % 9 % 3 % 2 % 3 % 15 % 2002 10 13,3 33 % 41 % 7,5 % 8,1 % AMD 25 % Lease

(188)

26 % plan corporation 5 % Ferrari 35 % Piaggio Aero IPIC 1984 12 14 17,6 % Oil Search Limited 70 % 71 % 2006 100 % 70,84 % 64,84 % 50,01 % 30 % 23,8 % 17,5 % 11,81 %

(189)

7,61 %

2

1.2

2011.2.3

http://www.kiagov.kw/Ar/kio/about/pages/default.aspx

1

(190)

1953

10

(191)

2.2

2007 213 174 39 10 % 2009

295

55 % 65 % 8 % 12 % 8 % 12 % 3 % 7 % 3 % 7 % 76 % 86 % 13 % 17 % 4 % 6 %

3.2

1

2008

8

1766

8

2007

2

9

(192)

7,1 % 1969 2,7 % 2006 3 2 2007 2008

Dow

Chemical

Rohm and Haas

2008 50 20 % 202

2010

2011

2010 2011 7,5

85

80 500 200 1

2008

8

9

2

38

(193)

CET

5,4

MBA

397 675

4

2010 74 % 54 % 81 % 66 % 64 %

2007

2008

1 9 2 2011 http://www.alraimedia.com/Alrai/Article.aspx?id=207102&date=27052010

(194)

2008 94 36 % 2007 57 228 2008 262 2007 41 2008 94

3

1.3

SAMA

1

11

2009

2

27

2009

17

2

2011

http://www.alamalyawm.com/articledetail.aspx?artid=146496

3

2008

16

(195)

1952 501 398

Mackensey

SAMA 20 % 55 60 % 20 25 % 2008 77,5 48,2 29,3 7,89

NCC

National city corporation

2.3

QIA

1 2005 1

2008

17

www.qia.qa

.

(196)

58 46 Sainsbury 25% Lagardere 7 % 15 % Barclays 7 %

2007 % 40 40 % 20

Four seasons healthcare 2007 15 % 2,8 2 % Sainsbury 25 % Barclays 7 %

(197)
(198)
(199)
(200)

1985 1996

مهحًنأ

ميإعن

آثٔدح

شنراشت

زجزثندٍُك

(Charles Kindelberger) 1996 ،

ٍئ

ىث

ٌئف

ثحثنا

ٍع

محنا

لا

ٍكًٌ

ٌأ

ٌٕكٌ

مخاد

زطلأا

خاساٍسنأ

حٌدٍهقتنا

حفٔزعًنا

ٌلأ

لاؤسنا

يدٍهقتنا

ةقع

مك

بازطضا

ىحضأ

غاصٌ

ىهع

ٕحُنا

ًتَا

ىتي

عقٍس

بازطضلاا

؟قحلانا

؟ٌٍأٔ

لدت

مْ

عقٍس

بازطضا

وأ

؟لا

اذْٔ

اي

ْٕ

لٔادتي

،واٌلأا ِذْ

دقف

راشأ

ظفاحي

كُت

ازتهجَا

ٍفزٍي

جٍُك

(Mervyn King)

ىنإ

ٌأ

خايسلأا

حٍناًنا

زيأ

لا

زفي

ُّي

ٌلأ

رٔذج

ِذْ

خايسلأا

ةسح

ِداقتعا

طثتزي

حعٍثطنات

جزقتسًنا زٍغ حٌزشثنا

.

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