Starting and stopping HP- UX are routine, but critical, tasks. When the system is turned off, you can start up HP-UX in two ways. To stop a system, you must use an appropriate shutdown process. Simply turning the system off can corrupt the file system. When you change the system to an administrative state, you can reboot (restart) the system without turning it off; or you can shut the system down completely.
The following table shows the modules that describe these processes.
Module Name How the Module Helps You
"Starting HP-UX" Describes startup in attended and unattended modes, restarting HP-UX, interpreting messages, and coordinating startup with turning on devices (peripherals) .
"Setting the System Run Level" Describes run-levels, the system state, and changing the current run-level to a new one.
"Stopping HP-UX" Explains the situations and procedures for shutting down the system.
You can get additional information about these processes in the HP- UX System Administration Concepts manual.
Starting and Stopping HP-UX 4-1
Starting HP-UX
You start up HP-UX when the system has been shut down completely (you turned the computer, and possibly an expander, off). When you partially shut down a running system to do administration, you can reboot the system without turning the computer off; or you can shut down the system completely.
Prerequisites and Conditions
• Some SAM tasks may restart (reboot) the system for you (for example, if you rebuild the kernel).
• To start up, your HP-UX system must have configured and installed hardware and software. The chapters named "Introduction to System Administration", "Constructing an HP-UX System", and "Updating HP-UX" have information about this.
• Start up an HP-UX cluster server as you would a standalone system. The chapter named "Managing an HP-UX Cluster" has information.
• The disk that contains the HP-UX file system can contain alternate HP-UX systems and other operating systems. If you want to boot a certain HP-UX system automatically, it must be the first system found by the bootROM.
4-2 Starting and Stopping HP-UX
• Your system must have certain files to start up properly (for example, /etc/init, /etc/inittab, /dev/console, /etc/rc). Without these files, the startup process will fail.
• The startup process may check the file system. This delays the startup, and you may need to perform additional tasks.
• If your system will not boot, you can use your recovery system to get a partial system going. The chapter named "Constructing ail HP-UX System"
has information.
Starting and Stopping HP-UX 4-3
The Startup Process May Check the File System
During the startup process, the system executes /etc/fsclean. This command determines the shutdown status of the system and returns three possibilities:
1. If the file systems were shut down properly, the startup process continues and you see the following message:
/etc/fsclean: /dev/dsk/OsO (root device) ok file system is OK. not running fsck
2. If any file systems were not shut down properly, the startup process is interrupted and you see:
/etc/fsclean: /dev/dsk/OsO not ok run fsck
FILE SYSTEM(S) NOT PROPERLY SHUTDOWN.
BEGINNING FILE SYSTEM REPAIR.
At this point, the system runs /etc/fsck in a mode that can correct certain inconsistencies in the file systems without your intervention and without removing data. The f sck command will either:
a. repair and reboot the system, incorporating the changes, or b. you may be asked to run f sck manually. If you need to run f sck
manually, see the chapter named "Managing the File System" .
3. If fsclean detects any other errors (for example, not being able to open a specified device file), you get an error message. The startup process can end, and you will need to solve the problem. The Troubleshooting HP- UX has information about possible problems in making HP-UX function.
4-4 Starting and Stopping HP-UX
Manual Startup Procedures
This section describes the startup procedures according to your purpose. Use the one you want. The HP- UX System Administration Concepts manual has detailed information about the startup process.
Starting a System in Unattended Mode
If the HP-UX system you want is the first system found by the bootROM and the system was shut down completely, you can start up that system in the unattended mode as follows:
1. Turn on all devices (peripherals) you want to use. Wait until they get into a ready state. You must turn on the disk that contains HP-UX.
2. You have two possibilities for turning on the computer:
a. If you have only a computer (no expander), turn it on and go to the next step.
b. If your computer is attached to an expander, proceed as follows:
1. The CPU and the user-interface card (the card having the keyboard and such) should be in the computer, not in the expander.
11. In any case, especially if the cards are not installed as described above, turn on the expander. Then, turn on the computer and go to the next step.
3. The bootROM initiates startup and takes certain actions. Then, the HP-UX operating system takes control and completes the process. Watch the
startup messages. Compare what starts up with what you expect to note possible problems. The exact messages depend on your configuration. The next two pages show hypothetical possibilities.
4. The startup process ends when you see the login prompt .. If you do not get the prompt, the system did not start up. You will need to determine why.
During the startup process, the system will perform a file system consistency check of the root disk if the system was shut down improperly. If your system is spread over multiple disks, you should perform a consistency check on the other file systems according to procedures described in the chapter named "Managing the File System" .
Starting and Stopping HP-UX 4-5
Initial Startup Messages Copyright
Hewlett-Packard Company.
All Rights Reserved.
BOOTROM Rev. C Bit Mapped Display MC68020 Processor MC68881 Coprocessor Keyboard
HP-IB
RAM 8388384 Bytes HP98644 (RS232) at 9 HP98625 (HPIB) at 14
HP98643 (LAN) at 21, 0800009025C31
SEARCHING FOR A SYSTEM (RETURN To Pause) RESET To Power-Up
After a short pause, the startup process continues, indicating that HP- UX is booting.
The next page shows the continuing messages.
4-6 Starting and Stopping HP-UX
HP-UX System Startup Messages in Unattended Mode
entry 0 - autoconfigured on root device; start=2840, size=127976 -- BATTERY BACKED REAL TIME CLOCK
avail mem=3624960 lockable mem=5436780
<copyright information>
/etc/bcheckrc:
/etc/fsclean: /dev/dsk/OsO (root device) ok File system is OK, not running fsck
/etc/brc:
/etc/rc:
Is the date Fri Oct 27 10:47:01 PST 1989 correct? (y or n, default: y)
If you act in a few seconds, typing n lets you enter a new date. Otherwise, you get the default and the startup process completes. The chapter named
"Constructing an HP-UX System" has information about setting the system clock.
Starting and Stopping HP-UX 4-7
Starting a System from Attended Mode
If you do not want to boot the first system found by the bootROM, you can start up HP-UX from the attended mode.
1. Turn on all devices (peripherals) you want to use. Wait until they get into a ready state. You must turn on the disk that contains HP-UX.
2. You have two possibilities for turning on the computer:
a. If you have only a computer (no expander), turn it on and hold down the spacebar until you see Keyboard on the left side of the display. Wait until a list of available systems appears on the right side of the display.
Go to the next step.
b. If your computer is attached to an expander, proceed as follows:
1. The CPU and the user-interface card (the card having the keyboard and such) should be in the computer, not in the expander.
11. In any case, especially if the cards are not installed as described above, turn on the expander. Then, turn on the computer and hold down the spacebar until you see Keyboard on the left side of the display. Wait until a list of available systems appears on the right side of the display. Go to the next step.
3. In the attended mode, the startup process pauses to show a list of available systems. You can see more than one system (even non-HP-UX systems).
The hypothetical situation on the following page illustrates the idea of selecting a system from the attended mode:
4-8 Starting and Stopping HP-UX
: HP7937 , 1400, 0, 0 IH is probably your main HP-UX system. 1D is the
1H SYSHPUX debugger for the main system. 1B is the backup for the
1D SYSDEBUG main system.
1B SYSBCKUP
: HP9144, 700, 1, 0 An HP-UX system on a cartridge tape in an HP9144
2H SYSHPUX drive, labeled 2H
: LAN, 21, hpfcma 3H is an HP- UX system that is available via your Local
3H SYSHPUX Area Network (probably a client in an HP-UX cluster).
3D SYSDEBUG 3D is the debugger. 3B is the backup system.
3B SYSBCKUP
Use the label to select the system you want to boot. For example, typing 2H (you do not need (Return )) starts up the system on the cartridge tape in the HP 9144 drive that lets you install HP-UX.
4. Once you select an HP-UX system other than one shown for an installation tape, the startup process is the same as the process described for the unattended mode. You get the same messages that were shown earlier, and the process ends when you get the login prompt.
Starting and Stopping HP-UX 4-9