• Aucun résultat trouvé

]RQH 8UPLDK'XNKWDU

Dans le document Essai sur la structure de l'Iran (Page 37-45)

/HV ,UDQLGHV DYHF OD ]RQH GX )O\VFK OHV 5DGLRODULWHV OHV 2SKLROLWHV HW OD

]RQH GH +DPDGDQ j URFKHV SDUIRLV PpWDPRUSKLTXHV j RSKLROLWHV HW j LQWUXVLRQV JUDQLWLTXHV FRQVWLWXHQW SUREDEOHPHQW OH JpRV\QFOLQDO DOSLQ HQ ,UDQ

/HV VpULHV GHV 3OLV %RUGLHUV DX[ IDXQHV QHWWHPHQW PpVRJpHQQHV UHSUpVHQWHQW XQ WDOXV VpGLPHQWDLUH SRVp VXU OD PDUJH

1RUG(VW

GX VRFOH DUDEH

&HV ]RQHV WHFWRQLTXHV VRXPLVHV j XQ

IOX[

GLULJp JURVVRPRGR 1(

6: VH

PRXOHQW VXU OD VWUXFWXUH GH

O$UDELH

HOOHV VRQW UHWHQXHV HW VH VRXOqYHQW IDFH DX PDVVLI GX 1HGMG HW HOOHV VpFRXOHQW IDFH DX[ FUHX[ GH 3DOHVWLQH HW GX

%XEDO.KDOL

2EVHUYp SDU / 8 $ )RZOH + . /RQJ S

6758&785( '( /,5$1

&KRL[ %LEOLRJUDSKLTXH

$UDPERXUJ & /D SKDVH WHUPLQDOH GX ;XPPXOLWLTXH HQ 3HUVH RFFLGHQWDOH ² &5 V

6*) IDVH ² S

$UJDQG ( /D 7HFWRQLTXH GH O$VLH ² 25 &RQJUqV JpRO LQWHUQ ;O,,qPH VHVVLRQ %HO¤

JLTXH IDVH /LqJH

² &DUWHWHFWRQLTXH GH O(XUDVLH (WDW (FKHOOH IRO FRO ² %UX[HOOHV

$UQL 3 5HODWLRQV HQWUH OD VWUXFWXUH UpJLRQDOH HW OHV JLVHPHQWV PLQpUDX[ HW SpWUROLIqUHV G$QDWROLH ² 07$ ; $QNDUD

² 7HNWRQLVFKH *UXQG]JH 2VWDQDWROLHQV XQGEHQDFKEDUWHU *HELHWH ²0HWHDH VpU %

Q $QNDUD

² *HRORJLVFKH %HREDFKWXQJHQ LQ GHQ VGOLFKHQ .HWWHQ GHU %LWOLV%HUJH LP $EVFKQLWW

%DVRUdD\ZHVWOLFK 6LLUW 6GRVW$QDWROLHQ ²07$ -DKUJ Qƒ$QNDUD $VNOXQG % =XU *HRORJLH 2VWSHUVLHQV DXI *UXQG GHU YRQ 6YHQ +HGLQ JHVDPPHOWHQ *H¤

VWHLQVSUREHQ ,Q 6YHQ +HGLQ (LQH 5RXWHQDXIQDKPH GXUFK 2VWSHUVLHQ %G S ELV 6WRFNKROP

%DLHU ( (LQ %HLWUDJ ]XP 7KHPD =ZLVFKHQJHELUJH ² =WUEO I 0LQ HWF $EW %

S ²

² 'DVLUDQLVFKH %LQQHQODQG |VWOLFK GHV %HFNHQVYRQ ;DLQ-HVG ² 1 -E I 0LQ HWF

$EW % %G

%DLOH\ ( % 6DOWSOXJV ² *HRO 0DJ

/;9,,,

S ²

%DXHU * /XIW]LUNXODWLRQ XQG ;LHGHUVFKODJVYHUKlOWQLVVH LQ 9RUGHUDVLHQ ² *HUODQGV

%HLWU *HRSK\V %G S ²

%LUDXG 3 6XU TXHOTXHV JLVHPHQWV GH 0DPPLIqUHV SRQWLHQV G,UDN ² %6*) W 9

S A

%ODQFNHQKRUQ 0 6\ULHQ $UDELHQ XQG 0HVRSRWDPLHQ +GE GHU 5HJ *HRORJLH +HIW

%G 9

%ODQIRUG : ) 1RWHV RQ WKH JHRORJLFDO IRUPDWLRQV VHHQ DORQJ WKH FRDVWV RI %DOXFKLVWDQ DQG3HUVLDIURP&DUDFKLWRWKHKHDG RIWKH3HUVLDQ *XOI DQGVRPH RI WKH *XOI ,VODQGV

² 5HH *HRO 6XUY RI ,QGLD 9 SW

² 2Q WKH QDWXUH DQG SUREDEOH RULJLQ RI WKH VXSHUILFLDO GHSRVLWV LQ WKH YDOOH\V DQG GH¤

VHUWV RI &HQWUDO 3HUVLD ² 4-*6

;;,;

S

² *HRORJ\ ,Q (DVWHUQ 3HUVLD DQ DFFRXQW RI WKH MRXUQH\V RI WKH 3HUVLDQ %RXQGDU\

&RPPLVVLRQ ²

² *HRORJ\ RI :HVWHUQ 6LQG ² 0HP *HRO 6XUY RI ,QGLD YRO ;9,, SDUW

,

%REHN + 5HLVH LQ ;RUGZHVWSHUVLHQ ² =WVFKU *HV I (UGN Qƒ ²

² 'LH /DQGVFKDIWVJHVWDOWXQJ GHV VGNDVSLVFKHQ .VWHQWLHIODQGV ² 0LVFHOL .UHEV

S ²

² 'DV .DUWHQZHVHQ YRQ ,UDQ ² 0LWWOJQ G 5HLFKVDQVWDOW I /DQGHVDXIQ %HUOLQ

² S ² 'LH 5ROOH GHU (LV]HLW LP ;RUGZHVWLUDQ ² =WVFKU I *OHWVFKHUN ;;9 S ²

² )RUVFKXQJHQ LP ]HQWUDONXUGLVFKHQ +RFKJHELUJH ]ZLVFKHQ 9DQ XQG 8UPLDVVH ² 3HWHUP 0LWWOJQ +HIW XQG

%RHFNK + GH /HHV * 0 5LFKDUGVRQ ) ' &RQWULEXWLRQ WRWKH 6WUDWLJUDSK\ DQG 7HFWRQLFV RIWKH,UDQLDQ 5DQJHV ,Q - : *UHJRU\ 7KH 6WUXFWXUH RI $VLD /RQGRQ 0HWKXHQ Y %LEO

%RHKQH ( hEHUEOLFN EHU GLH (U]ODJHUVWlWWHQ 3HUVLHQV XQG GHQ GHU]HLWLJHQ 6WDQG YRQ

*HZLQQXQJ XQG 9HUKWWXQJ ² 0HWDOO XQG (U] ;;9, S ² ² 'LH ZLUWVFKDIWOLFKH %HGHXWXQJ XQG (UVFKOLHVVXQJ GHU 6WHLQNRKOHQYRUNRPPHQ 3HU

² VLHQV =WVFKU I SUDNW *HRO S ²

² 'LH 6WHLQNRKOHQYRUNRPPHQ 3HUVLHQV =WVFKU I SUDNW *HRO S ² ELV

%R*'$12:L76&+ . ;RWH VXU OD JpRORJLH GH O$VLH FHQWUDOH , 'HVFULSWLRQ GH TXHOTXHV GpS{WV VpGLPHQWDLUHV GH OD FRQWUpH WUDQVFDVSLHQQH HW GXQH SDUWLH GH OD 3HUVH VHSWHQWULRQDOH ² 9HUK N UXVV 0LQHU *HV H VpU ;;9, S ² WH[WH IUDQoDLV

S ²

%RQQHW 3 6XU ODVWUXFWXUH WHFWRQLTXH GHOD 7UDQVFDXFDVLH PpULGLRQDOH ²&5 $FDG 6H

W S

² 6XUOHVHQV GH ODSRXVVpH GDQV OH JpRV\QFOLQDO VXGWUDQVFDXFDVLHQ HW VHV UHODWLRQV DYHF OH UHEURXVVHPHQW YROFDQLVp ² &5 $FDG 6H W S

%RUQH * YRQ GHP 'HU -XUD DP 2VWXIHU GHV 8UPLDVHHV 'LVVHUWDWLRQ +DOOH %XVN + * 0DMR + 7 6RPH QRWHV RQ WKHJHRORJ\ RI WKH 3HUVLDQ RLOILHOGV ² -RXUQ

,QVW 3HWURO 7HFKQ S

&DGPDQ - /DUJH SRWHQWLDO RLO ILHOGV KDYH EHHQ GHILQHG LQ 3HUVLD DQG ,UDT ² 2LO DQG

*DV -

&L]DQFRXUW + GH 5HPDUTXHV VXU OD VWUXFWXUH GH O+LQGRXNRXFK ² %6*)

9,,

S

² 0PH &R[ / 5 &RQWULEXWLRQj OpWXGH GHV IDXQHVWHUWLDLUHV GH O$IJKDQLVWDQ ² 0pP 6*)

&R[ / 5 )RVVLO 0ROOXVFDIURP 6RXWKHUQ 3HUVLD ,UDQ DQG %DKUHLQ ,VODQG ²3DO ,QGLFD 16 YRO 0HP

&R[ 3 7 7KH JHQXV /RIWXVLD LQ 6RXWK:HVWHUQ ,UDQ ² (FORJDH JHRO +HOY S

&ULFN * & ;RWH RQ D -XUDVVLF $PPRQLWH RI /DNH8ULQL ² -RXUQ /LQQ 6RF =RRO YRO

;;9,,

S ² ²

&XUULH ( ' )RVVLOV IURP :HVWHUQ 3HUVLD ² *HRO 0DJ

/;9,,,

S ² 'DYLHV / 0 :HVWZDUG H[WHQVLRQ RI WKH 5DQLNRW 6HD ² 1DWXUH S 'HVLR $ $SSXQWL JHRJUDILFL H JHRORJLFL VXOOD FDWHQDGHOOD =DUGHK.RK LQ 3HUVLD ²0HP

*HRO * *LRWWR 'DLQHOOL )LUHQ]H ,9 S

ELV ² 6XOOHVLVWHQ]D GL SLFFROL JKLDFFLDL QHOOD 3HUVLD RFFLGHQWDOH ² %ROO &RP *ODFLRO ,WDOLDQR S ²

'LHWULFK : =XU .HQQWQLV GHV SHUVLVFKHQ 0LRFlQV ² =WUEO I 0LQ HWF S ELV ² 'LH JHRORJLVFKVWUDWLJUDSKLVFKHQ (UJHEQLVVH GHU 5RXWHQDXIQDKPH GXUFK 2VWSHUVLHQ

,Q 6YHQ +HGLQ (LQH 5RXWHQDXIQDKPH GXUFK 2VWSHUVLHQ 6WRFNKROP %G WHU ² 2UGRYLF LQ 1RUGZHVW,UDQ ² =WUEO I 0LQ HWF $EW % S ²

'RXJODV -$$ PDULQHWULDVVLF IDXQD IURP(DVWHUQ 3HUVLD ² 4-*6 S ² &RQWULEXWLRQV WR 3HUVLDQ 3DODHRQWRORJ\

,²,,,

² $QJOR3HUVLDQ 2LO &R /WG /RQ¤

GRQ ²

² 3DODHRQWRORJ\ DQG WKH RLO LQGXVWU\ ² 7KH 1DIW 0DJ

9,,,

S ILJ

² $ 3HUPR&DUERQLIHURXV )DXQD IURP 6RXWK:HVW 3HUVLD ,UDQ ² 3DO ,QGLFD 16

;;,,

S ²

'RXYLOOp + 6XU OHV DQDORJLHV GHV IDXQHV IRVVLOHV GH OD 3HUVH DYHF FHOOHV GH O(XURSH HW GH O$IULTXH ² %6*)

,,

S

² /D IDXQH GX WHUUDLQ QXPPXOLWLTXH GH 6RK 3HUVH HQWUH .DFKDQ HW ,VSDKDQ ²&5

V 6*) S ²

² $QDORJLHV GHVIDXQHV YUDFRQLHQQHV HW FpQRPDQFLHQQHV HQ 3HUVH DYHF FHOOHV VLJQDOpHV GDQV OH 0R]DPELTXH SDU 0 3 &KRIIDW ² %6*) W

,,

S

² /HV H[SORUDWLRQV GH 0SS

GH 0RUJDQ HQ 3HUVH ² %6*) ,9

² 6XU OLPSRUWDQFHGHOD FRXSH GH =HUGDOODOO 0LVVLRQ GH0RUJDQ ² %6*) W 9 S

² 0ROOXVTXHV IRVVLOHV ,Q - GH 0RUJDQ 0LVVLRQ VFLHQWLILTXH HQ 3HUVH SDUWLH ,9

² (WXGH VXU OHV 5XGLVWHV 5XGLVWHV GH 6LFLOH G$OJpULH G(J\SWH GX /LEDQ HW GH OD

3HUVH ² 0pP 6*) 3DOpRQW 0HP

6758&785( '( /,5$1 2 (UQL $ 'pFRXYHUWH GX %DWKRQLHQ IRVVLOLIqUH GDQV O(OERXU] ² (FORJDH JHRO +HOY

S

)HX[ - hEHU HLQLJH .RUDOOHQ DVX GHP SHUVLVFKHQ 0LRFlQ ² 6LW]JVEHU QDWXUI *HV

/HLS]LJ S ²

)LVFKHU ( =XU 6WUDWLJUDSKLH GHV 0HVR]RLFXPVLQ 3HUVLHQ ² =WVFKU 'HXWVFK *HRO *HV S

² -XUD XQG .UHLGHYHUVWHLQHUXQJHQ DXV 3HUVLHQ ² %HLWU ] 3DO X *HRO gVWHUU8Q JDUQV X G 2ULHQWV S

)UHFK ) $UWKDEHU * YRQ hEHU GDV 3DOlR]RLFXP LQ +RFKDUPHQLHQ XQG 3HUVLHQ ²

%HLWU ] 3DO X *HRO gVWHUU8QJDUQV X G 2ULHQWV

;,,

S ² )XFKV 7K hEHU GLH YRQ 'U ( 7LHW]H DXV 3HUVLHQ PLWJHEUDFKWHQ 7HUWLlUYHUVWHLQHUXQJHQ

² 'HQNVFKU $NDG G :LVVHQVFK :LHQ S

)XURQ 5 /+LQGRX.RXFK HW OH .DERXOLVWDQ ² 3DULV %ODQFKDUG

IL ² *pRORJLH GX 3ODWHDX ,UDQLHQ ² 0pP 0XV G+LVW QDW GH 3DULV W 9,, IDVH

S ²

*DEULHO $ 'XUFK 3HUVLHQV :VWHQ ² 6WXWWJDUW

² $XV GHQ (LQVDPNHLWHQ ,UDQV ² 6WXWWJDUW

*DXGU\ $ 6XU OkJH GH OD IDXQH GH 3LNHUPL GX /pEHURQ HW GH 0DUDJKD ² %6*)

;,,,

S ²

*DXWKLHU 9 (FKLQLGHVIRVVLOHV ,Q - GH 0RUJDQ 0LVVLRQ VFLHQWLILTXHHQ 3HUVH SDUWLH

,,,

VXSSOpPHQW S ²

*LJQRX[0 7HFWRQLTXHHWVWUDWLJUDSKLH GX;XPPXOLWLTXH jO(VWGX 3HOYRX[ ² %6*) 9,

*LJQRX[ 0 0RUHW / 'HVFULSWLRQ JpRORJLTXH GX %DVVLQ VXSpULHXU GH OD 'XUDQFH ² ,PSULPHULH $OOLHU *UHQREOH

*UHJRU\ - : )RVVLO (FKLQRLGHD DQG &RUDOV RI /DNH 8QQL ² -RXUQ /LQQ 6RF =RRO

S

² )RVVLO &RUDOV ² -RXUQ /LQQ 6RF =RRO

;;9,,

S ² ² ² *HRORJ\ RI 0HVRSRWDPLD DQGLWV %RUGHU /DQGV ² 1DYDO ,QWHOO 'HSW *UHDW %ULWDLQ

*UHJRU\ - : &XUULH ( (FKLQRLGV IURP :HVWHUQ 3HUVLD ² *HRO 0DJ S

*UHJRU\ - : 7KH 6WUXFWXUH RI $VLD ,QWURGXFWLRQ S ² /RQGRQ 0HWKXHQ ² 7KH 6WUXFWXUH RI$VLD (GLWHG E\ - : * /RQGRQ 0HWKXHQ

*ULHVEDFK & / $IJKDQ DQG 3HUVLDQILHOGQRWHV ² 5HH *HRO 6XUY RI,QGLD

;,;

² *HRORJLFDO 6NHWFK 0DS RI $IJKDQLVWDQ DQG 1RUWK(DVWHUQ .KRUDVVDQ ² 5HH *HRO

*HRO 6XUY RI ,QGLD ;;

*URHQYYDOO . $ ;XPPXOLWHQNDONVWHLQ YRQ .XKL;DFKVFKLU ,Q 6YHQ +HGLQ (LQH 5RXWHQDXIQDKPH GXUFK 2VWSHUVLHQ 6WRFNKROP %G S ²

*XQGODFK . 'LH |VWOLFKH )RUWVHW]XQJ GHV .DXNDVXV ² *HRO 5XQGVFKDX

+DUULVRQ - 9 7KH J\SVXP GHSRVLWV RI 6RXWK:HVWHUQ 3HUVLD ² (FRQRPLF *HRO;,;

S

² 7KH *HRORJ\ RI VRPH 6DOWSOXJV LQ /DULVWDQ ² 4-*6 /;;;97 SW

² 6DOW GRPHV LQ 3HUVLD ² -RXUQ ,QVW 3HWURO 7HFKQ S ²

² 7KH %DNKWLDU\ &RXQWU\ 6RXWK :HVWHUQ 3HUVLD ² *HRJU -RXUQ /;;; S WR

+DUULVRQ - 9 )DOFRQ 1 / &ROODSVH 6WUXFWXUHV ² *HRO 0DJ YRO

/;;,

² ² *UDYLW\ &ROODSVH 6WUXFWXUHV DQG 0RXQWDLQ 5DQJHV DV H[HPSOLILHG LQ 6RXWK :HVWHUQ ,UDQ ² 4-*6 YRO ;&,, S

+DUULVRQ - 9 7KH 3HUPLDQ RI 6RXWK ,UDQ ²,QW *HRO &RQJUHVV 8665

;9,,WK

VHV¤

VLRQ $EVWUDFW RI3DSHUV S

² 7KHKLVWRU\ RIWKHULYHUV\VWHP RI 6RXWK ,UDQ²,QW *HRO&RQJUHVV 8665

;9,,WK

VHVVLRQ $EVWUDFW RI 3DSHUV S

+DUULVRQ - 9 )DOFRQ1 / 7KH 6DLGPDUUHK /DQGVOLS 6RXWK:HVW ,UDQ ² *HRJU -RXUQ

/;;;,;

S

+DUULVRQ - 9 7KH DQFLHQW ODQGVOLS DW 6DLGPDUUHK LQ 6RXWK:HVWHUQ ,UDQ ² - *HRO

YRO ;/9, S

+D\GHQ + + 7KH *HRORJ\RI1RUWKHUQ $IJKDQLVWDQ ² 0HP *HRO 6XUY RI,QGLD YRO

;;;,;

+HGLQ 6YHQ (LQH 5RXWHQDXIQDKPH GXUFK 2VWSHUVLHQ YRO 6WRFNKROP

+RZDUG : 9 5HVHUYRLU5RFNV RI 3HUVLDQ 2LO )LHOGV DQG RWKHU /LPHVWRQH 5HVHUYRLUV ²

%XOO $PHU $VV 3HWURO *HRO

;9,,

S ² +XQWHU&02LO )LHOGV RI3HUVLD² 7UDQV $PS

,QVW 0LQ0HW (QJ/;9S ²

+XQWLQJWRQ(7KHEDVLQRI(DVWHUQ3HUVLDDQG6LVWDQ([SORUDWLRQVLQ(DVWHUQ 7XUNHVWDQ ([SHGLWLRQ ² &DUQHJLH ,QVWLWXWLRQ 3XEL

² 6RPH FKDUDFWHULVWLFV RI WKH *ODFLDO 3HULRG LQ QRQ JODFLDWHG UHJLRQV ² %XOO *HRO

6RF $PHULFD S ²

-DFRE&K 2QWKHRFFXUUHQFH RI/XVLWDQLDQ %UDFKLRSRGVLQWKH 3HUVLDP *XOI ² $QQ 0DJ

;DW +LVW S

-XQJ - -HDQQHW$ *pRORJLH GH OD FKDvQH GX.DIODQ.RXK3HUVH ²&5$FDG 6H

W S ²

.DKOHU )U

SS)XVXOLQLGDH

3RO\GLH[RGLQD SHUVLFD QVS LQ 'DUUHK'X]GDQ 3HUVLHQ ² 3DODHRQWRJUDILFD

/;;;,;

S ²

.LQJ : % 5 ;RWHVRQ WKH &DPEULDQ IDXQDRI 3HUVLD² *HRO 0DJ ;U S

² &DPEULDQ 7ULORELWHV IURP ,UDQ 3HUVLD ² 3DODHRQW ,QGLFD

;;,,

.HHMFL. =XU*HRORJLH GHV3HUVLVFKHQ *ROIHV ²=WUEO I0LQ HWF $EW %S .UXPEHFN / 6WUDWLJUDSKLVFKH (UJHEQLVVH YRQ ;LHGHUPD\HUV 5HLVH GXUFK 3HUVLHQ ²

=WUEO I 0LQ HWF $EW % S

.XHKQ %HLWUlJH ]XU 3DOlRQWRORJLH XQG 6WUDWLJUDSKLH YRQ 2PDQ ² $QQ 1DWXUKLVW

0XVHXP :LHQ S ²

² 0LRFlQ YRQ LQGLVFKHP 7\SXV LQ =HQWUDO3HUVLHQ ² =WUEO I 0LQ HWF $EW %

S

² 5XGLVWV

S

S RI (DVWHUQ 3HUVLD ² 5HH *HRO 6XUY RI,QGLD SDUW

² 'DV %HFNHQ YRQ ,VSDKDQ6DwGDEDG ² 3DODHRQWRJUDSKLFD S

² 6WUDWLJUDSKLHXQG 3DOlRJHRJUDSKLH GHU5XGLVWHQ

,,

5XGLVWHQIDXQD XQG 2EHUNUHLGH¤

HQWZLFNOXQJ LQ ,UDQ XQG $UDELHQ ² 1 -E I 0LQ HWF $EW % %G ² 7ULDV XQG /LDV LQ=HQWUDO,UDQ ² =WUEO I 0LQ HWF $EW % Qƒ

.XHKQ 2 .PHO ) 2EHUNUHLGH DXV .XUGLVWDQ 1- I 0LQ HWF %% $EW %

/DPDUH 3 6WUXFWXUH JpRORJLTXH GH O$UDELH 3DULV %pUDQJHU

/HHV *03OLRFHQHRLOVHHSDJHVLQ 3HUVLD² -RXUQ,QVW3HWURO 7HFKQ

;,,,

S ²

² 6DO]JOHWVFKHU LQ 3HUVLHQ 0LWW *HRO *HV :LHQ S

² 7KH *HRORJ\ DQG 7HFWRQLFV RI 2PDQ DQG RI SDUWV RI 6RXWK (DVWHUQ $UDELD ² 4-*6 YRO

/;;;,9

3DUW

² 6DOWGRPH GHSRVLWLRQDO DQG GHIRUPDWLRQDO SUREOHPV ² -RXUQ ,QVW 3HWURO

7HFKQ

;9,,

S /RQGRQ

² 7KH 5HVHUYRLU URFNVS

RI 3HUVLDQ RLOILHOGV ² %XOO $P $VV 3HWURO *HRO YRO

S ²

² 7KH VRXUFH URFNVRI 3HUVLDQ RLO ² :RUOG3HWUROHXP &RQJU /RQGRQ SDJHV ² 7KH *HRORJ\ RI WKH RLOILHOGV EHOW RI ,UDQ DQG ,UDT ² 6F RI 3HWUROHXP 2[IRUG

8QLYHUVLW\ 3UHVV S ²

/HXFKV . 'HU %ORFN YRQ 8VW8UW ² *HRO 5XQGVFKDX %G +HIW

/HXSROG : 1RWH VXU TXHOTXHV pFKDQWLOORQV GX 1XPPXOLWLTXH GH OD UpJLRQ GH =XQX]

+DU]DQG ,Q %LEO

/RGRFKQLNRY : 1 (WXGHPLFURVFRSLTXHGHVURFKHV GHOD3HUVH GX1RUG HQ UXVVH DYHF UpVXPp IUDQoDLV %XOO &RPLWp JpRORJLTXH YRO ;/9 S

/RIWXV:. 2QWKH *HRORJ\RI3RUWLRQV RI WKH 7XUNR3HUVLDQIURQWLHUSS DQGRI WKHGLVWULFWV DGMRLQLQJ ² 4-*6 ; HW ;, HW

/XJHRQ 0 5HFKHUFKHV VXU ORULJLQH GHV YDOOpHV GHV $OSHV RFFLGHQWDOHV² $QQ GH *pR¤

JUDSKLH W ;

6758&785( '( /75$1

/XJHRQ 0 *DJQHELQ ( 2EVHUYDWLRQV HW YXHV QRXYHOOHV VXU OD JpRORJLH GHV 3UpDOSHV URPDQGHV ² %XOO /DERU *pRO HWF GH O8QLY GH /DXVDQQH Qƒ

0DF /LQWRFN : ) 3 7KH XVH RI WKH WRUVLRQ EDODQFH LQ WKH LQYHVWLJDWLRQ RI JHRORJLFDO VWUXFWXUH LQ 6RXWK:HVW 3HUVLD ² 6XPPDU\ 3URJUHVV *HRO 6XUY *UHDW %ULWDLQ

S ²

0HFTXHQHP 5 GH/HODF G2XUPLDK ²$QQ GH *pRJUDSKLH W

;9,,

S ² 0HFTXHQHP 5 GH 'RXYLOOp + 6XUOHV &pSKDORSRGHV MXUDVVLTXHV GX ODF G2XUPLDK

3HUVH RFFLGHQWDOH ² &5 V 6*) S

0HFTXHQHP 5 GH &RQWULEXWLRQ j OpWXGH GX JLVHPHQW GH 9HUWpEUpV GH 0DUDJKD HW GH

VHV HQYLURQV ² $QQ GKLVW QDW SXEL VRXV OD GLU GH - GH 0RUJDQ 'pOpJ HQ 3HUVH 0LQLVWqUH GH O,QVWU 3XEL HW GHV %HDX[$UWV W , 3DOpRQWRORJLH IDVH S ² 3DULV /HURX[

² &RQWULEXWLRQ j OpWXGH GHV IRVVLOHV GH 0DUDJKD ² $QQDOHV GH 3DOpRQWRORJLH

S S

0HUFLHU 0 /HV SpWUROHV GH O,UDN ² 5HY 3HWUROLIHUH 3DULV MXLQ S ²

0LOQHU + % 0HVRSRWDPLD $ UHYLHZ RI LWV *HRORJ\ DQG 3HWUROHXP 5HVRXUFHV ² 0LQ 0DJ YRO

;;9,,

S ²

0LWWHOKRO]HU

: 3HUVLHQIOXJ 3RVWIDFH WUDLWDQWGHOD PRUSKRORJLH SDU'U2 )OFNLJHU 3KRWRJUDSKLHV DpULHQQHV 2UHOO)VVOL =ULFK

0RUHOOHW

/

0RUHOOHW

- 6XU XQH HVSqFH G$FLFXODULD GX 6DUPDWLHQ PR\HQ G$]DP ,UDQ VHSWHQWULRQDO ² (FORJDH JHRO +HOY S ² SO

,,,

0RUJDQ - GH 1RWH VXU OHV JvWHV GH 1DSKWH GH .HQGL6KLULQS ² $QQDOHV GHV 0LQHV

² 1RWHV VXU OD %DVVH0pVRSRWDPLH &RPEOHPHQW SURJUHVVLI GX *ROIH 3HUVLTXH ² /D

*pRJUDSKLH

,,

² 0LVVLRQ VFLHQWLILTXH HQ 3HUVH (WXGHVJpRORJLTXHV W

,,,

SDUWLHV HW ²

² 1RWH VXU OD JpRORJLH GH OD 3HUVH HW VXU OHV WUDYDX[ SDOpRQWRORJLTXHV GH 0 + 'RX¤

YLOOp VXU FHWWH UpJLRQ %6*) S

² /H SODWHDX LUDQLHQ SHQGDQW OpSRTXH SOHLVWRFqQH ² 5HY (F G$QWKURSRO 3DULV

H DQQpH S ²

1LFROHVFR & 3 *LVHPHQWV SpWUROLIqUHV GH OD3HUVH ² /D 5HYXH 3HWUROLIHUH Qƒ²

1LHGHUPD\HU 2 'LH %LQQHQEHFNHQ GHV ,UDQLVFKHQ +RFKODQGHV ² 0LWW *HRJU *HV

0QFKHQ S ²

1XWWDO

: / ) 7KUHH VSHFLHV RI /pSLGRF\FOLQHV IURP :HVWHUQ ,QGLD DQG 3HUVLD ²

$QQ 0DJ 1DW +LVW

;9,,

Qƒ S ²

2VZDOG )$ =XU WHNWRQLVFKHQ (QWZLFNOXQJVJHVFKLFKWH GHV$UPHQLVFKHQ +RFKODQGHV ² 3HWHUPDQQV 0LWW +HIW ² *RWKD

² $UPHQLHQ ² +DQGEXFK G UHJ *HRORJLH 9

2YFLQQLNRY $ 2XWOLQH RI WKH JHRORJ\ RI WKH 'HPDYHQG 5HJLRQ ² %XOO 6RF GHV QDWXUDOLVWHV 0RVFRX 6HFW *pRO S ²

3DUpMDV (G (VVDL VXU OD JpRJUDSKLH DQFLHQQH GH OD UpJLRQ GH *HQqYH ² 5HY GH OD )DF GHV 6H GH O8QLY G,VWDQEXO ;6 W

,OL

IDVH

² /D WHFWRQLTXH WUDQVYHUVDOH GHOD 7XUTXLH 3XEL ,QVW

GH *pRO GH O8QLY G,VWDQEXO

;6

3DURQD & ) 'L DOFXQH 5XGLVWH GHOOR =DUGHK.RK LQ 3HUVLD ² $5 $FF 6H 7RULQR YRL S

3DVFRH (

+

*HRORJLFDO ;RWHV RQ 0HVRSRWDPLD ZLWK VSHFLDO UHIHUHQFHV WR RFFXUUHQFHV RI 3HWUROHXP ² 0HP *HRO 6XUY RI ,QGLD YRO

;/9,,

SDUW

3FHOLQFHY 9 .UWPKRO] * 7KH 6WUDWLJUDSK\ RI WKH -XUDVVLF DQG /RZHU &UHWDFHRXV RI 7XUNPHQLD 8QLWHG *HRO 3URVS 6HUY 8665 I SDJHV

3LFDUG / 2Q WKH 6WUXFWXUH RI WKH $UDELDQ 3HQLQVXOD ² *HRO 'HSW +HEUHZ 8QLY -HUXVDOHP VHU %XOO

² 2XWOLQHRQWKH7HFWRQLFV RIWKH(DUWK²%XOO *HRO'HSW +HEUHZ8QLY -HUXVDOHP

YRO

,,

Qƒ ²

3LOJULP *( &UHWDFHRXVIRVVLOVIURP 3HUVLD²5HH *HRO 6XUY RI,QGLD S ² 7KH *HRORJ\RIWKH 3HUVLDQ *XOIDQGWKHDGMRLQLQJSRUWLRQV RI 3HUVLD DQG $UDELD ²

0HP *HRO 6XUY ,QGLD YRO ;;;,9 SW

² 7KH 6XOSKXU 'HSRVLWV RI 6RXWKHUQ 3HUVLD² 5HH *HRO 6XUY,QGLD S

² 7KH *HRORJ\ RI 3DUWV RI WKH 3HUVLDQ 3URYLQFHV RI )DUV .LUPDQ DQG /DULVWDQ ² 0HP *HRO 6XUYH\ ,QGLD YRO

;/9,,,

3DUW

3LYHWHDX - 0DPPLIqUHV GX 3RQWLHQ GH O,UDN ² %6*) W 9 S

3RKOLJ + 6XU OH 3OLRFqQH GH 0DUDJKD 3HUVH HW VXUOHV pOpSKDQWV IRVVLOHV GH OD &DXFDVLH HW GH OD 3HUVH ² %6*) W ;,9 S ² ²

3RZHUV 6 0DVMLGL6XODLPDQ RLOILHOG 3HUVLD *\SVXP )ORZDJH LQ 3HUVLD ² %XOO $P

$VV 3HWURO *HRO

;,,

S ²

3ULHP ) 3RLVVRQV IRVVLOHV GH 3HUVH ² 0LVVLRQ GH 0RUJDQ $QQ GKLVW QDW SXEOLpHV VRXV OD GLUHFWLRQ GH - GH 0RUJDQ 'pOpJ HQ 3HUVH 0LQLVWqUH GH O,QVWU SXEL HW GHV %HDX[$UWV W , 3DOpRQWRORJLH IDVH S ² 3DULV /HURX[

5DEFHZLF] / YRQ :LHGHUKHUVWHOOXQJ HLQHU 9HUEUXFKVWUHFNH LP 7XQQHO/GHU(OEXU]

;RUGUDPSH 3HUVLHQ ² %DXWHFKQLN %HUOLQ Qƒ S

5HHG ) 5 &RZSHU 'HYRQLDQ IRVVLOV IURP &KLWUDO 3HUVLD $IJKDQLVWDQ DQG WKH +LPD¤

OD\DV ² 5HH *HRO 6XUY ,QGLD S

5LFKDUGVRQ5./H SpWUROHHQ3HUVH /DJpRORJLHGXEDVVLQSHWUROLIHUH VXGRXHVW SHUVDQ

² /H 3pWUROH S

² 7KH *HRORJ\ DQG RLO PHDVXUHV RI 6RXWK:HVW 3HUVLD ²,QVW 3HWURO 7HFKQ

S ²

² 'LH *HRORJLH XQG GLH 6DO]GRPH LP VGZHVWOLFKHQ 7HLOH GHV 3HUVLVFKHQ *ROIHV ² +HLGHOEHUJ

² :HLWHUH %HPHUNXQJHQ ]X GHU *HRORJLHXQGGHQ 6DO]DXIEUFKHQ DP3HUVLVFKHQ *ROI

² =WUEO I 0LQ HWF $EW % S ²

5LHEHQ

+

&RQWULEXWLRQ j OD JpRORJLH GH O$]HUEHLGMDQ SHUVDQ ² %XOO 6RF 1HXFK 6H 1DW W

5LYLqUH $ &RQWULEXWLRQ j OpWXGH JpRORJLTXH GH O(OERXU] 3HUVH ² 5HY *pRJU SK\V HW JpRO G\QDP YRO

9,,

IDVH HW

² 1RWH SUpOLPLQDLUH VXU OHV PRQWDJQHV GH OD UpJLRQ GH 6HSDLHK (OERXU] 3HUVH ²

&5 V 6*) IDVH

² 2EVHUYDWLRQVQRXYHOOHV VXUODVWUXFWXUHGHV PRQWDJQHVGH6FKDK$EGXO $]LP 3HUVH

² &5 V 6*) S

² &RQWULEXWLRQjOpWXGHJpRORJLTXHGHO$QWL(OERXU] %6*)W 9, S ²

5XWVFK 5 6FKHQFN + * 8SSHU &UHWDFHRXV 3HOHF\SRGV RI WKH 9HQHULFDUGLD %HDX¤

PRQWL JURXS IURP ,UDQ ² %XOO *HRO 6RF $PHULFD YRO SDUW

S

6FKHQN + * .KLUWKDU 1XPPXOLWHV IURP (DVWHUQ ,UDQ $EVWUDFW ² *HRO 6RF $P 6XPPHU PHHWLQJ %HUNHOH\ &DOLIRUQLD

² 6WUDWLJUDSK\ RI1RUWKHUQ ,UDQ $EVWUDFW ² %XOO $P $VV 3HWURO *HRO YRO

S

6FKLQGOHU $ + 'LH *HJHQG ]ZLVFKHQ 6DE]ZDU XQG 0HVFKKHG LQ 3HUVLHQ ² -DKUE .. *HRO 5HLFKVDQVWDOW +HIW XQG

6FKURHGHU : - /D %UqFKH GX &KDEODLV HQWUH *LIIUH HW 'UDQFH ² $UFK 6F 3K\V HW 1DW *HQqYH YRO

6FKZHHU : 'LH 7UNLVFK3HUVLVFKHQ (UG|OYRUNRPPHQ ² +DPEXUJ S

6WDKO$)'DV 3HWUROHXP YRQ3HUVLHQ ² &KHPLNHU =HLWXQJ -J S ² ² 'LH 6WHLQNRKOHQ 3HUVLHQV ² &KHPLNHU =HLWXQJ -J S

² 0LWWKHLOXQJHQ DXV 3HUVLHQ 'LH (LVHQHU]H 3HUVLHQV ² &KHPLNHU =HLWXQJ -J

S ²

² 0LWWKHLOXQJHQ DXV 3HUVLHQ 'LH .XSIHUHU]H 3HUVLHQV ² &KHPLNHU =HLWXQJ -J

S

AW

² 0LWWKHLOXQJHQ DXV 3HUVLHQ 'LH %OHLHU]H 3HUVLHQV ² &KHPLNHU =HLWXQJ -J S

6758&785( '( /,5$1 6WDKO $ ) 0LWWKHLOXQJHQDXV 3HUVLHQ 9HUVFKLHGHQH (U]H XQG 0LQHUDOLHQ 3HUVLHQV ²

&KHPLNHU =HLWXQJ -J S

² 0LWWKHLOXQJHQ DXV 3HUVLHQ 9HUVFKLHGHQH 0LQHUDOLHQ 3HUVLHQV ² &KHPLNHU =HLWXQJ -J S

² 0LWWKHLOXQJHQ DXV 3HUVLHQ ,QGXVWULHOOH 8QWHUQHKPXQJHQ LQ 3HUVLHQ ² &KHPLNHU

=HLWXQJ -J S ²

² 5HLVHQ LQ 1RUG XQG =HQWUDOSHUVLHQ ² 3HWHUPDQQV 0LWW (UJlQ]XQJVEDQG ;;9

+HIW

² =XU *HRORJLH YRQ 3HUVLHQ *HRJQRVWLVFKH %HVFKUHLEXQJ YRQ ;RUG XQG =HQWUDO¤

SHUVLHQ ² 3HWHUPDQQV 0LWW (UJlQ]XQJVEDQG +HIW FDUWHV

² 6XUYH\V LQ ;RUWKHUQ DQG &HQWUDO 3HUVLD ² *HRJU -RXUQ ; S ² ² 7HKUDQ XQG 8PJHJHQG ² 3HWHUPDQQV 0LWW ;/9, S ²

² 3HWUROHXP LQ 3HUVLD D JHRORJLFDO VWXG\ ² 3HWUROHXP S

² 9RQGHUNDXNDVLVFKHQ *UHQ]H QDFK7DEUL]XQG.D]YLQ ² 3HWHUPDQQV0LWW ;/,;

S ²

² 'LH RURJUDSKLVFKHQ XQGJHRORJLVFKHQ 9HUKlOWQLVVH GHV .DUDGDJ LQ3HUVLHQ ²3HWHU¤

PDQQV 0LWW / S

² 'LH (U]HGHV .DUDGDJ LQ 3HUVLHQ² &KHPLNHU =HLWXQJ -J S ² ² 5HLVHQ LQ =HQWUDO XQG :HVWSHUVLHQ ² 3HWHUPDQQV 0LWW /, S ² ²

² 5HLVHQ LQ ;RUG XQG :HVWSHUVLHQ ² 3HWHUPDQQV 0LWW /87 S ² ² *HRORJLVFKH %HREDFKWXQJHQ LQ =HQWUDOXQG;RUGZHVWSHUVLHQ ² 3HWHUPDQQV 0LWW

/8,

S ² ²

² *HRORJLVFKH %HREDFKWXQJHQ LP QRUGZHVWOLFKHQ 3HUVLHQ ² 3HWHUPDQQV 0LWW /9

S ²

² 3HUVLHQ +DQGEXFK G UHJ *HRO $EW

² 'LH SHUVLVFKHQ (LVHQEDKQSURMHNWH 3HWHUPDQQV 0LWW

/9,,

S ² ² /DYLOOHGH +DPDGDQHW VHVHQYLURQV (QUXVVH²%XOO ,PS5XVV *HRJU 2EVKFK

S A /8

² =XU )UDJH GHU /|VVELOGXQJ LQ 5XVVODQG XQG 3HUVLHQ ² =HLWVFKU *HRO *HV

S ²

² 'LH %UHQQPDWHULDOLHQ 3HUVLHQV %UDXQNRKOHQ XQG %ULNHWWLQGXVWULH ² &KHPLNHU

=HLWXQJ %G

;9,,,

² 'LH RURJUDSKLVFKHQ XQG K\GURJUDSKLVFKHQ 9HUKlOWQLVVH GHV (OEXU]JHELUJHV LQ 3HU¤

VLHQ ² 3HWHUPDQQV 0LWW

/;;,,,

S ²

² 3HUVLHQ XQG VHLQH ZLUWVFKDIWOLFKHQ +LOIVTXHOOHQ ² *HRJU =HLWVFKU -J S

ELV

² 'LH JHRORJLVFKHQ 9HUKlOWQLVVH GHV VGOLFKHQ 8IHUJHELHWHV GHV NDVSLVFKHQ 0HHUHV LQ

%H]XJ DXI (UG|OYRUNRPPHQ ² 3HWUROHXP :LHQ

6WDXE 5 'HU %HZHJXQJVPHFKDQLVPXV GHU (UGH %RPWUDHJHU %HUOLQ

² *UXQG]JH XQG 3UREOHPH DOSLQHU 0RUSKRORJLH ² 0pP 6RF +HOY 6F ;DW YRO

/;,;

PpP

6WHKOLQ + * 8QH PDQGLEXOH GH *LUDIILGp GH 7RNRXP²(FORJDH JHRO +HOY

S

6XHVVSS(G /D IDFH GH OD7HUUH 'DV $QWOLW] GHU (UGH WUDG VRXV ODGLU GH (PP GH 0DU¤

JHULH WRPHV HW YRO GH WDEOHV &ROLQ 3DULV ²

7LHW]H ( =XU 7KHRULH GHU (QWVWHKXQJ GHU 6DO]VWHSSHQ ² -DKUE JHRO 5HLFKVDQVWDOW

:LHQ S ²

7LSSHU *

+

7KH *HRORJ\DQG 0LQHUDO 5HVRXUFHV RI (DVWHUQ 3HUVLD ² 5HH *HRO 6XUY

,QGLD YRL /8,

9UHGHQEXUJ ( : $ *HRORJLFDO 6NHWFK RI WKH %DOXFKLVWDQ 'HVHUW DQG SDUW RI (DVWHUQ 3HUVLD ² 0HP *HRO 6XUY ,QGLD

;;;,

² 2FFXUUHQFH RI WKH JHQXV 2UELWROLQD LQ ,QGLD DQG 3HUVLD ² 5HH *HRO 6XUY ,QGLD

S

² 7KH *HRORJ\ RI 6DUDZDQ -KDODZDQ DQG 0HNUDQ ² 5HH *HRO 6XUY RI ,QGLD

S ²

9UHGHQEXUJ ( : ;RWH RQ D KLSSXULWHEHDULQJOLPHVWRQHLQ 6HLVWDQDQG RQWKHJHRORJ\

RI WKH DGMRLQ LQJ UHJLRQ ² 5HH *HRO 6XUY ,QGLD S

:LOVHU - 'HU VGUXVVLVFKH 7DIHOUDQG LQ 9RUGHU XQG 0LWWHODVLHQ ² 1 -E I 0LQ HWF

%% %

:LOVRQ $ 7 (DUWKTXDNHV LQ 3HUVLD ² %XOO 6FKRRO 2ULHQWDO 6WXG /RQGRQ ,QVW 9,

S ²

² $ %LEOLRJUDSK\ RI 3HUVLD ² &ODUHQGRQ 2[IRUG

=HLOOHU

5 6XUOHVSODQWHV UKpWLHQQHVGHOD3HUVHUHFXHLOOLHV SDU 0 - 0RUJDQ²%6*) *OHLFKHU (S ² S 6HFRQG OLVW RI QDPHV LQ 3HUVLD 1RUWK ² 5R\ *HRUJU 6RF 3HUPDQHQW

&RPP RQ *HRJU 1DPHV

² 6HFRQGOLVW RI QDPHV LQ 3HUVLD 6RXWK ² 5R\ *HRJU 6RF 3HUPDQHQW &RPP RQ

*HRJU 1DPHV

7HUFLHU - 'pS{WV PDULQV DFWXHOV HW VpULHV JpRORJLTXHV ² (FORJDH JHRO +HOY YRO

1% /H OHFWHXU FRPSOpWHUD KHXUHXVHPHQW FHWWH ELEOLRJUDSKLH HQ FRQVXOWDQW OHV

OLVWHV FRQWHQXHV GDQV

Dans le document Essai sur la structure de l'Iran (Page 37-45)

Documents relatifs