Rayons cosmiques d’antimatières

Finalement, l’annihilation de WIMPs produit des particules d’antimatière. Celles-ci sont

par-ticulèrement intéressantes car le nombre de mécanismes astrophysiques connus capables de les

créer est relativement restreint. Le bruit de fond associé au flux de rayons cosmiques d’antimatière

est par conséquent relativement faible comparé aux canaux discutés précédemment. C’est

pour-quoi la recherche de matière noire à travers les antiparticules constitue une stratégie prometteuse.

Il faut néanmoins remarquer que les rayons cosmiques chargés sont sujets à des interactions dues

au champ magnétique des galaxies. En s’intéressant à des WIMPs dont la masse est de l’ordre

du TeV, nous ne serons sensibles qu’aux antiparticules produites et confinées dans notre galaxie.

En outre, le caractère stochastique de leur propagation rend impossible de remonter à la position

de leur source. La recherche de matière noire à travers les antiparticules se décline selon trois

directions : les positrons, les antiprotons et les anti-noyaux. Les deux premiers feront l’objet de

la suite de ce mémoire de thèse. Un revue sur la détection indirecte de matière noire grâce aux

antideutons peut être trouvée dans [60,5].

F_igure1.11 –Limites supérieures des régions exclues de la section efficacehσvipar les rayons gamma

(traits continus), les antiprotons (tirets) et les neutrinos (pointillés) . (Tiré de [16])

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Chapitre 2

Le rayonnement cosmique

Dans le document Recherche indirecte de matière noire à travers les rayons cosmiques d'antimatière (Page 43-49)