semblent pas occasionner ce type d'effet secondaire (177).
De nombreuses composantes de l'alimentation influencent l'inflammation. Afin d'isoler l'effet des acides gras provenant des huiles, les diètes étaient identiques en apparence et tous les aliments du menu de ce projet était pesés au dixième de gramme près. Les résultats de notre étude peuvent difficilement s'appliquer au contexte de vie réelle puisqu'une grande quantité d'huile était consommée et tous les nutriments contrôlés. Malgré cela, des études d'intervention nutritionnelle rigoureusement contrôlées à double-insu en chassé- croisé telle que notre étude sont nécessaires afin d'expliquer les effets des nutriments.
En conclusion, nos résultats suggèrent qu'un apport élevé en DHA, via une huile de canola enrichie en DHA provenant d'algues, entraînerait une réduction de l'inflammation et une augmentation de l'adiponectine chez des adultes à risque de MCV. Tandis que des apports élevés en ALA, LA, AGMI ne semblent pas influencer les marqueurs inflammatoires mesurés. Des études d'intervention nutritionnelle contrôlée supplémentaires, de plus longue durée ainsi qu'auprès d'une population à risque plus élevé, sont nécessaires afin de préciser les effets des AGPI oméga-3 sur les différents marqueurs inflammatoires. Les résultats de notre étude se limitent à l'analyse des marqueurs inflammatoires. Dans le cadre de l'étude COMIT, d'autres analyses secondaires seront réalisées telles que, la fonction endothéliale, le profil lipidique, la composition corporelle la conversion de l'ALA en EPA/DHA, ainsi que l'expression de gènes spécifiques. Une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes expliquant les effets des différents AGPI sur ces marqueurs permettra éventuellement de préciser et optimiser les recommandations en prévention des maladies cardiovasculaires.
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