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1. Le déÀ d’une gouvernance plus inclusive et du renforcement de l’état de droit

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8 Le nouvel environnement sociopolitique

2. La montée du risque sécuritaire

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2. La montée du chômage et des inégalités sociales

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3. La participation des jeunes au développement

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5. DésertiÀcation et adaptation au changement climatique

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6. Le déÀ d’une transition énergétique régionale

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V. 4uelles priorités pour une relance efÀciente de l’intégration maghrébine "

1. La mise en œuvre d’un programme fast-tracken matière de mobilité des facteurs

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2. Une stratégie régionale pour l’emploi des jeunes et la mobilité des travailleurs

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3. La mise en œuvre de la stratégie agricole et du plan d’action 2011-2020

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Conclusion

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