35 II. Goods service

E/QN.14/ ^T RANS/ 17 Pag'e :39 - '

TABLE VI

Traffic.on African networks

Networks ^{'.1 .-} BengueLa^,I

E.A.R.

~thiopia Congo Ka't.:1!lgit

61

^{~62 '}..

1,427

'781' 800

2,612

_. _{. ~'.} .^{..: "} ., ,.,

Gauge, in m _{j"'.: ..}

rI

Length of network, "i,n

- ,

~:L

y'

,

-.

^{p ,}

I. Passenger service:, .

I ' .. \

Number of paBseng~rs

-.F

~ in 1,O~0

• . . ' L . , •

Passenger-km - PK - in 1,000,000 Average journey in km

Passenger service earnings in U8)1,000 Average earnings per PK in US

SO. 01

Passenger traffic d~~stty ~K/L in,lOOO.

Nominal

pas-6.~~g~~.'d~nsi

^ty

~K/3L,'~~,I-q:~O

__ " , 4 ' •. . " • • •~" . ...

II.

Goods service

545

-4,174 337 793

_,I.. _. ") :..'

Tonnage transpo~ted-

T -

in, 1000

T 1,826

'"~ . ' . \

Ton-kIn,_~ TK, ,- in..1 ,900,000 1,518

• . . . ; I ' . • ~• •'• . ' ' :

Average journey ot.. ,a,.ton .Ln km "830

• • ' - . . . : ;I .a:~ \. 4" • •: I I ' "

"Goods" earnings in USS

1000 19,969

Average earnings per TK in US$ 0.01 1.3 Tra.ffic densi

tj;TK!t -, i'n-

1000 ,:: ':',' ,. '.L ",

1',063

Total tr'affic~'d~nsi'tyPK/3L "+ ' ^l _~'-~, ^{' . . .} " , . '

TK/L ir: 1000 ~. "..

'1,015

"'.:-~

!/

E.A.R~.'pas8~nge~,^..8e~Vi'~e. f~gure~ ^are '~9r .1~?+ ~:'

+ For the

150

km Pointe-Noire - Brazzaville., ..^'

, .

E/CN

.14/TRANS/17

P88⁶

40

CHAPTER" II INTER~AFRI

CAN:- 'TRADE'

• • • • • & .

We shall try to find out,whether transport facilities are a~apted

to ourrent traffic and estimate the traffic situation some yea;~ (~ay' ten y~ars) from now in oider to specify the, improvements-which will-be essential if this traffic is to will-be possible at the will-best price thus facilitating industrialization and the expansion of inter-African trade. Only international transport is considered; ,it is-~~­

possible, therefore, that national considerations:will lead-to the modification of some conclusions. " , "

-•

•

I.

CURRENT.SITUATION

A. Volume of traffic

It is very ci.ifficul t to determine the extent' of current traffic "

between the various African countries. There' are ,numerous r~a6ons

for this:

Often, statistics give the extent of externai trade 'in value only

-

.

where~8 for transport tonnag~ is the most important datum~

'Varia-tion~ in prices and aggregates make it· practically^Iimpossible to derive one from~the other.

"

Sometimes statistics are not available or data,'rel~t~_~to

several countries in a customs union are aggregat~d in' sucl, ..."

that 'each country1s share cannot be determined •

.S.ometimes etati s.tiG,f3:- giv~..,.C?:tl~.y:_.~~e raerchanda z e_iD}p'ort~.d.9 r _ _.~. _.,.

exported with no informa

tion·.~abo~t'.:·~·~~-·.~~~~t;~~."~i' '~~igin" deetina~.

^'

Official documents certainly do not record total international traffic; either there is la~ge-scale smuggling or international trade occurs within a customs union.

tion or transit. ^{. :' v: .<~.:.:}... '. ...

..

..

^'

E/CN.14!TRANS/17

Page 41

Statistics do not always 'tally:' often country: Ala :figure· of ..:

exports t~ country E will pe, very d~ffe~ent from,co~tryBfa

f~g~e, o~ importa'fr9~ co~try

A.

Finally, this traffic varies considerably dependi.ngt on the'size of, the harveat , ~he level of .,investments and po'lLtical

• • t . . ' " •

such-as the Senegal-Mali rupt~e which ~edto traffic which had formerly used the Dakar-Niger railway being

to the Ivory Coast.

accidents from Mali

.

^,

diverted

Thus, the extent of trciffic summarized in Matrix I tlInter-African transp9rt, ,in about 19,60" _m~~~ be viewed wi th great, ca:ut,ion. "In about 1960" _in~icates that, the fi'gures are average figures liable

to

relatively

, .

wide variations from one year to another. They have been taken from several documents in which estimates differ considerably (statistics of various countries, .annuaf r'eport

s of

^rail

^way

^{companies and port s ,}

analyses of banking o~ganiza~ions,and,apec~fic studies published in various economic ,!eViews) and aim onby at reaching an ~verage v9lume.

Matrix reading:

,In,one line are given_4espatc~es fr~~ the qountry named in the first cc.l umn to the".y-ari,ous countries indicated at the top of: th~

other columnse In ,one lin~ are given the tonnages received by

- ,.

the-::country: named at the t'op of the column from countries

. ^"

in~ic.ateq. ,at the top of t~e different lines. Thus, the uni_~ ',' being

rooo

^T',

Gh~a

^sends

~ppro'ximatelY

^13,000 T/year :to Nigeria-•.

. . . ^. . . . .

The: shaded' squares, .ar e those which 'are of necessit~-,bare: ei th'er, as those in the main diagonal, they do not correspond to inter- ..

n~ti9nal.traffic or they correspond to direct traffic which is

, ! . . I ' . '~ ' • ! _ "'. • • • 4 •

, impossi bl e without' ,transJ t through another ^Coun try • Thus,

, , ^... - - ' . ^, . '

de8pa~che~ frpm Niger .~o Gh~a have been broken do~n into two:

a de~patch from Nig~r to Upper Volta and another from Upper_{, ... .~ '} Vol ta to Ghana.

)

E/CN~l4/TRANS/17\:

Page 42 ".

. . 1 /

Some mnemotechnic:J· signs have b~en used:

,- .;

• •

t

..

'.

The S.W.-N.E. slash in the N.E. corner indicates the existence of

a rail link. ^,,

. The unit used. is 1000, metric tons per .year, which corresponds

approximately to traffic of one 5-ton t~u9~ pe~ working day with an 80 , per cent load factor; .

• a • •

250 days/year. _~··5T x 0 •.8.._~ -100. T/year.

ThUB traffic from Dahomey to Nigeria~wo~d'correspond'to the passage of" 21 trucks per day on

aver~~

^"(2"1,"000·T/ye·ar).

B.

Extent of traffic

~.,

Aocording _~o the matrix,- international traffic in West' Africa is

approximat~l~

1,10"0 ,000

T/y~~ f~r

^{the 13}

co~t'ries

^visi

^ie·d.

^'It

^i'e

essentiall; transit

't~~ffiC betw~~n

^inland

countrie~ and

^ports

b~t~

there is some trade between mari time countries

and. i~·~d(':~.~o~t~ie~;,

_.

: ....

th~ir productions ~'eing complementary. Transversal 'trar"fic," on the other hand , 'is slight

(wi

th s^ome exceptiorts for coastal'

t~affic bet~~~~

^.'

maritime countries) the production of c9untries on the same latitude being'generally competitive.

For

the nine countries with a 'coastli~e this 'tr~f~~c can easi~1 be carried ?~.'sea: ~t amoun~'s t~ approximately'

300 ,00?"

°T/yea:r

and.

,'is carried by sea exoept that some of the trade between Ghana-Toga-Dahomey and Nige;'ia is

b~ri~d

^'by'

^the ~o~s\

road '(when 'th'e' °frontie;s'

ar~ n6t

, . closed) •

!I

Conventional.signs showing the means of communication possible between countries.

...

E/CN~~4!TRANS/17 Page

4:J """., .

•

~,

Inland traffic represents approximately 800,000 _T/¥e~ar,and uses

, l ( •

diffe'reiit··:facii'ities', the 'main ones being the two international

ratJ-It ...:..c- . : •

ways of the sub-region:

, ,

'\ :... _;~k...' The 'Da.kar'-Earrlako: i sr.coo Tjyear + 86,000-

T/y~~

'C1-'24J ,00·0

T/year

The'Abidjan~OuagadoUgou:'t20,OOO ^T/year +'19~OOO'T/ye'~ =

'i39,OOO Tjyear

t • ~ •

Total ,386,000 T/year

&f."/ . : :.e ' - ' . " . .

rraffio

on these railways is in fact slightty low~r beoause there is river traffic between Senegal and Mali and ~~tween

Upper

Vo~ta'an~

Ivory:"Coast ..the~e Ls truck traffic, frontier traffiq '"in f,<?o.dstuf,fs and _cat,tl'e¹ tra.ffic'which do not use 'the _ra.ilway~ " .,

,,'.

~

^{' ;The rest of the traffic,} or approximatety

426,60~"T/~e~,

^uses,

"in 'par,t at,.l,e,ast, roads .. ' 'The moa't "impori-ant of"these-

_~e:.

^{' .} ,.. ' ", .^~. ^'

Nig'er' ::' _Ni~eria

z-oad 92,000 +. 38,590

=

.l30,.500 T/year."

.' • .r'Niger - Dahomey

;o~

^{. 41,000; -f::.47,509 =' I 94,500}

T/year-1" . _'\'~" ... " I " . ' . '

Ivory Coast _{~ M~li} r-oad ,28,000

t

30,000 ~" 58.,000 T/year "

:'Mai'd~i'

^-

F~r~"L~my

^{road", 5.0,,000 t 5,000 7'} 55,000,T/year>

. . . , ._ ,. . . • - L • • j • '.. . .I ~ • I • .1"" •

'_. Ghana -

^Upper

Vol ta

r-oad , ,)",5,000 + 22,000 ^{=,: .} 37:,OPO T/year;

(J. :.

":l-MCtli :'_' Up;e;

',Vol

~a

^road

~

^'..

~5

^{,000'+ 5,000 =,'}

~,O

^{,000 T/year}

. ' to~ • •

Upper

Volta - Niger.road 5,200 + 4,800 ^CI 10,000

T/year

" , 'l.a.rious .other -international links .:"f

i- .. ) ..'' jJ: ....:t ,...:. ..^{~ ~ ~} - ^~..".

-420,000 T/year".

~'... ,~

, The bulk of this traffio consists of exports

and'

i~pb~tB ^for

Chad,

.'

-Abidjan-Niger,railway for .Mali! '~, ^{I . '\}

t \ j '4- , . . . . . _ ..

. _r

)?ah9mey,and,Nig~ri~:~_railwa;y!s:f.orNiger' ^l ~. ^{" • . '}

. ._ . . . . I ' . ~ •

Nige.riap railW&ls. _f9~ Chad,«, ": ',:4',. j :

,_ . . ;- ' I - - •

Niger ~d Mali

and

uses, for part of the journey:,~ailwaYB of~'o.ther

... 'T/'\·{~'·""',"'. 'J ."'~ .... 4~ ^{. , " .,} . . . .

coun^trias:' ' ,

t •

.E/CN.l4/T~S/17 Page

44 ."

The

rivers of'the sub-region ~e little used for internationaL.

~'. ...

..

^.

'transport,

The ^riyer Niger .i~ used betw~en Bamako (Mali) and Ko~oUS6a (Guinea) .' during'

six

months" of the year

(15,000

_T/ye~ in ,bo~h dir~ctiop~'and

5~OOO passengers)~ ~.

•

! ,.

The river Senegal is used for two months of the' year petwe~n Kayes

~ •~ \ ' . ,P, • . ' ,

in Mali and Senegal."

So~e 'of Chad^I e ..imports ,are conveye~ ^byl,~b;~,N!ige:r; and the :Benua - .

. . ' " ! . ., .

'which'is navigable for two mo~ths a ye~ as.far as..Garua in,Cameroup.

Current traffic would warrant few international railway'extensionc.

Examination of the road ·traf~ic figur~6 quoted _~bqye shows ,that it· is heaviest

(130,500 T/year) between Ni~~r

and Nigeria: a

larg~ p~t

^of it,

however,

consists of cattle

which

travel on foot

and

the 'rest is divided into three flows using roads from Birni,NtKoni-M~adi .~d

Zinder. These flows

'are

all too small to w'a.rrant an

extension

of

r

Nigeria's

rail

network.

Then comes the road" traffic

be~een

Niger and Dahqmey (94,500 'T/year).

'A

,~ailway ^link Parakou-Mal~vilie~Dos6o

has

been surveyed

and is being

"examined

by

F.E.D.C.M.·

The next £igures' are much

lower: 58,000 T/year

between

Ivory

Coast ~ana ~a.li;

.55,000 T/yea:r

_betwee~i MaidugtU'i

and

Fort

Lamy.

Roads,

, .

which are at present being improved, will carry this traffic 'satisfactorily and- it ,does not seem possible to recommend, economically, an extension of railways

for

current traffic.

II.

FUTURE PROSPECTS '

'..

Enough i6~not'yet known about the ·tenor "of States' economic development policies, and attempts at co-ordination

are

too

recent,

to allow a clear picture of the future. Some information is, however, available, on the basis of which- certain changes ·in

present

transport flows may be anticipated and certain infrastructure 'improvements suggested.

A. .. Traffio ·prospeots . ,

• • ,.-~~.y • " \.' ..~.. ' .. \ j ..1 •

';:MOBt'·~of ·the/population ~s con.c~~tr~t~d'in⁰ .tp.e,' f'?ur ·C:9:tn'l~r~~s~.; .: :;.,:' ':

;b6rdering the:·Bight·^o of, Ben~'n·.

(50.,9°0

,~Q: ;inhabi.tant~) w!?-,e.r.~ ,~hre,~.,. ',.. ,

main

\iest A:frican ..p,qles, of_{- -} ^Jdevelopment" are already established._{~ l- . . .• ...~_. .~~ • • • _ ~ _ ~".' . . '},This,.:_{1.J, _ _"..,4}

region

is the first choice of large-f?cale industries l-ihich will be

. _ - , . " ..._ ~. . r

able to

import

their raw

materials

by sea at least

cost

and be'

near

th~ p'rin~'ipa.i': consumer- centres,for . finished' goodsv '(

Iron

and· steel:

. 'db'oiun~'~t ^'E/CN

.1'4/18/2)" .: The Wes't, 'A'fri

can'

^mission' recomm'ended:':the ' ..:

:.~' 8etti~ '~P' of ~~

bheini·cals \compl.ex along' the.'whole coast^r

of ·the·

sub-" ';:

region

and. . ot'

^varrcus small 'and medium'industri"es t.hr-oughoub -t he sub- l,

re·gio·n~fdocUmerit:·'E/CN .. 14/246) ..

^{.t '}

'~

^....

J~. :! _-"~ ,,- '. ,"

^.'·L·:'.:

• '. , / ,p _.~ ~ ~ J- ••~;, .... ' • , - . ' •~.. . . •

Dans le document Inland transport in the west African sub - region (Page 41-47)