Michele Chang joined the College of Europe as Professor of European Political and Administra-tive Studies in 2006. Prior to joining the College, she worked at the Centre for European Policy Studies and Colgate University in New York. She obtained a doctorate in political science at the University of California at San Diego and has received fellowships from Fulbright, the Picker Foundation, the Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst and the Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation. Her research interests include European economic, monetary union and financial crises. Dr Chang currently serves on the Executive Board of the European Union (EU) Studies Association, the largest academic association dedicated to the study of the EU based in the United States.
Walter A. Füllemann has been working for the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) since 1989. His field missions include Nicaragua (1989-1990), Peru (1991), South Af-rica (1992-1994), as well as Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina (1994-1995). He also served as Head of the ICRC Delegation in Baku (Azerbaijan) from July 1996 to July 1997. From 1997 to 1999, he worked as delegate and spokesperson for the ICRC Delegation to the UN in New York.
At ICRC Headquarters in Geneva, he headed the operational desk for the former Yugoslavia from 1995 to 1996. From 1997 to 2002, he was Deputy Head of the External Resources Divi-sion (donor relations and fundraising), and the ICRC Deputy Director of Operations from 2002 to 2009. In July 2009, he was appointed as Head of Delegation and Permanent Observer of the ICRC to the United Nations in New York. In October 2015, Mr Füllemann has become the ICRC Head of Delegation to the EU, NATO and the Kingdom of Belgium in Brussels. He holds a Master’s degree in international relations from the University of Saint-Gallen (Switzerland).
Né le 27 janvier 1944, Yves Sandoz est marié et père de trois enfants. Il a fait ses études à Neuchâtel et obtenu la licence puis le doctorat en droit de l’Université de cette ville. Entre 1968 et 1973, il a effectué des missions pour le Comité international de la Croix-Rouge (CICR), notamment au Nigéria, en Israël (et dans les territoires occupés), en Jordanie, au Liban, au Bangladesh et au Yémen du Sud (avant la réunification). Il a pendant cette période poursuivi la rédaction de son travail de doctorat et assuré la réédition d’un Commentaire du Code pénal suisse. M. Sandoz a rejoint le CICR, en 1975, au sein de la Division juridique et est resté rat-taché à l’Institution jusqu’à fin 2000, dont 18 ans en tant que Directeur du droit international et de la doctrine. Il a également poursuivi des activités académiques, à travers de nombreux cours dans différentes Universités et Hautes écoles, des séminaires et de nombreuses publica-tions. Il a quitté l’administration du CICR à la fin de l’année 2000 et élaboré le concept d’un Centre Universitaire du droit international humanitaire (CUDIH) au lancement duquel il a
participé. Dès 2002, il a donné le cours général (francophone) de droit international humani-taire dans le cadre du Diplôme d’Etudes approfondies (DEA) organisé par ce Centre et un cours semestriel en droit international humanitaire à l’Université de Fribourg. Il a également donné un séminaire bloc de trois jours au Collège d’Europe, à Bruges et à Natolin, et a collaboré avec de nombreuses autres Universités ou Hautes écoles. Il participe fréquemment à des séminaires ou conférences d’experts dans le domaine du droit international général, pénal et, surtout, humanitaire. Membre du CICR et de sa Commission de contrôle de 2002 à 2014, M. Sandoz est depuis lors membre honoraire. Il est également membre de l’Institut international des droits de l’homme ainsi que de l’Institut international de droit humanitaire et de nombreuses asso-ciations de droit international. Il est l’auteur d’une centaine de publications, essentiellement dans le domaine du droit international humanitaire.
Elzbieta Mikos-Skuza is an associate professor in Public International Law at the Faculty of Law and Administration of the University of Warsaw. Since 2008, she is the Director of the Net-work on Humanitarian Action (NOHA) at the same university. She served as Faculty’s Vice-Dean from 2008 to 2012. For thirty years, she has been volunteering with the Polish Red Cross. From 2004 to 2012, she was Vice-President of the Polish Red Cross and from 1999 to 2012, President of the Polish Red Cross Commission for Dissemination of International Humanitarian Law. Dr Mikos-Skuza is also a member of the International Humanitarian Fact Finding Commission established under 1977 Protocol Additional I to the 1949 Geneva Conventions on the protec-tion of victims of war, and a member of the San Remo Internaprotec-tional Institute of Humanitarian Law. She is the author and co-author of numerous publications on Public International Law and International Humanitarian Law, including the collection of IHL documents published in Polish language.
Agnieszka Jachec-Neale is an expert researcher with practical insight into how international law is applied during armed conflict and in post-conflict environments. She has over five years’
experience working with the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) in south-eastern Europe, where she specialised in monitoring domestic war crimes trials and in the enforcement of human rights standards in emerging democracies. Dr Jachec-Neale has been involved in managing and implementing major projects and producing analytical as well as multi-disciplinary reports in the fields of International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights. She has also taught at the Centre for International Studies and Diplomacy at SOAS and at the University of Essex and she currently teaches at Brunel University London. In the past few years, Dr Jachec-Neale has given conference papers around the world, including at the annual meeting of the American Society of International Law and to specialist gather-ings such as the UK branch of International Society of Military Law and Laws of War. Her main fields of expertise include inter alia law of armed conflicts, specifically conduct of hostilities;
military targeting doctrine and its relationship with international law; legal interoperability in coalition operations; the application of technological advancements in modern warfare;
post-conflict situation management: stabilisation and development/enforcement of human rights and rule of law standards. Her monograph entitled The Concept of Military Objectives in International Law and Targeting Practice has recently been published by Routledge.
Nobuo Hayashi is a Senior Legal Advisor at the International Law and Policy Institute, based in Oslo, Norway (2012-present), and a Researcher at PluriCourts, University of Oslo Law Faculty (2014-present). He specialises in International Humanitarian Law, International Criminal Law, and Public International Law. He has fifteen years’ experience in these areas, performing ad-vanced research, publishing and editing scholarly works, authoring court submissions, advis-ing international prosecutors, and speakadvis-ing at academic and diplomatic conferences. His most significant works cover military necessity, threat of force, and the law and ethics of nuclear weapons. Mr Hayashi also regularly teaches at defence academies, Red Cross conferences and professional workshops, as well as university faculties of law, political science, and peace and security studies. He trains commissioned officers, military lawyers, judges, prosecutors, de-fence counsel, diplomats and other government officials, humanitarian relief specialists, and NGO representatives from all over the world. Major positions held are the following: Visiting Lecturer, UN Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute, Turin, Italy (2007-present);
Visiting Professor, International University of Japan (2005-present); Researcher, Peace Re-search Institute Oslo (2008-2012); Legal Advisor, Norwegian Centre for Human Rights (2006-2008); Legal Officer, Office of the Prosecutor, International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (2000-2006).
Colonel Charles Barnett was commissioned into the Army Legal Services in 1995, having previously qualified as a Solicitor and practiced law in Norfolk. He studied law at Exeter Uni-versity, the London School of Economics and Political Science and at Guildford Law School.
His military appointments have included defence lawyer, Divisional legal adviser, Service Pros-ecutor and operational legal adviser. He has a variety of operational experience from tours in Northern Ireland, Bosnia, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Iraq. He was awarded the MBE in the operational honours list in 2001. He has completed an LLM in International Law and an MA in Defence Studies. He has served at the Headquarters (HQ) Land Forces Op-erational Law Branch, United Kingdom Ministry of Defence (UK MOD) and the Permanent Joint Headquarters operational HQ between 2007 and 2009 where his responsibilities covered all UK deployments overseas including Iraq and Afghanistan. He then completed five years as a senior Service Prosecutor, before moving to his current post as Assistant Director International Law in the UK MOD in October 2014.
Andres B. Munoz Mosquera was born in Poissy, France, on 20 May 1965. After his secondary education, he joined the Spanish Armed Forces where he served in two cavalry regiments as
“Secretario de Causas” until 1991 when he was appointed to the Defence Staff. During that time, Mr Munoz Mosquera was a permanent participant in the Spanish inter-ministerial delega-tion before the Internadelega-tional Telecommunicadelega-tions Union until 1999. He joined the Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) in February 2006 as a civilian, where he was the International Branch Chief from a previous NATO assignment at the NATO Joint Command South West Legal Office (Madrid, Spain) that he joined in April 2000. Mr Munoz Mosquera has been deployed twice in Bosnia Herzegovina (1994 and 1997). In 1994, he performed press information duties at General Rose’s staff and was involved in the anti-sniping agreements and exchange of prisoners and corpses in Sarajevo. In 1997, his duties were related to iden-tification and collection of evidence related to war crimes committed during the war period.
During his active duty, Mr Munoz Mosquera pursued law and international relations studies. He also holds a Masters in Legal Practice by the Law and Business Institute of Madrid, an honoris causa Master in International Relations and Trade by the Universidad Iberoamericana de Ciencia y Tecnología (UNICIT) of Managua (Nicaragua). He is also a graduate of the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy (Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States). In 1996, Mr Munoz Mosquera was awarded the Honor Graduate for his academic achievement at the IRFMS course at the Keesler Technical Centre, Biloxi (United States). Mr Munoz Mosquera is author of three books (“International law and the Arab-Israeli Conflict”; “International Law and International Rela-tions, The Stepsisters”; and “Peacekeeping Regimes”) and of several articles in specialized legal reviews; he is also co-author of a number of other publications. He was a visiting professor of the UNICIT in Nicaragua and is a permanent professor of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe course “Rapid Expert Assistance and Cooperation Teams - REACT” at the Faculty of Law of the Complutense University of Madrid. He is a member of the Society of the Military Law and Law of War, the Madrid Bar Association and a Council of Bars and Law Socie-ties of Europe (CCBE) European Lawyer. Mr Munoz Mosquera has been awarded several decora-tions, among them is the French Republic medal of the Ex-Yugoslavia, the NATO Meritorious Medal and he is Caballero de la Orden de San Hermenegildo.
Vaios Koutroulis is Lecturer at the International Law Centre of the Université Libre de Brux-elles since 2013. He studied law at the University of Athens and the Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB). He received his PhD in 2011 for a thesis on the relations between jus contra bellum and jus in bello, currently under publication from Bruylant editions (Brussels). Vaios teaches at the Université Libre de Bruxelles, the Catholic University of Lille and the Royal Belgian Military School. His courses include law of armed conflict, international criminal law, law of international responsibility, and public international law. He was also an adviser to the Counsel and Advocate of Belgium in the case concerning Questions relating to the Obligation
to Prosecute or Extradite (Belgium v. Senegal) before the International Court of Justice. His publications focus mainly on jus in bello and jus contra bellum and include a monograph on belligerent occupation published by Pedone editions (Paris).
Clive Baldwin works as Senior Legal Advisor for the legal and policy office at Human Rights Watch, where he has been working on issues of international law since 2007. His areas of focus include the Middle East, North and West Africa and discrimination law. Prior to joining Human Rights Watch, he was a practicing lawyer in London for the human rights law firm, Bindman and Partners, and also worked on European human rights litigation at the AIRE Centre. He sub-sequently worked for the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) Mission in Kosovo, and later served as Head of Advocacy for Minority Rights Group International. While at Minority Rights Group, he implemented the organization’s first global litigation programme, which brought cases to international legal bodies on behalf of the rights of minorities around the world. One of the cases he litigated and won included the Endorois Community v Kenya, the first indigenous land rights case at the African Commission on Human and Peoples Rights.
In Finci v Bosnia-Hercegovina, he successfully challenged the Bosnian constitution’s exclusion of Jews from the Presidency and upper house of Parliament in the first such ruling of the Eu-ropean Court of Human Rights. Most recently, Mr Baldwin helped Human Rights Watch initiate a case with two other organizations against Libya at the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights based on allegations that numerous human rights violations had occurred. His efforts resulted in the first ruling against a state by the African Court on Human and Peoples’
Rights. Mr Baldwin received a bachelor’s degree in international history and politics from the University of Leeds, a masters in international relations from the Woodrow Wilson School at Princeton University and studied law at City University, London.
After obtaining his Master degree in the fields of Aeronautical and Military Sciences, and grad-uating from the Belgian Royal Military School, Lieutenant-colonel (GS) Chris De Cock served in the Belgian Air Force as Platoon and Company Commander for the Force Protection Units.
After two years of being a Military Instructor, and having obtained Master degrees in the fields of Law, Political Sciences, Public Management, Security and Defence, he taught at the Law Department of the Belgian Royal Military School for five years. He became Legal Advisor from 2004 to 2007, prior to which he joined a course at the Royal Defence College and after which he participated in an Advanced Staff and Command Course at the National Defence College in the Netherlands. In 2008, he took up the position as the Head of the International Law Section, and from April 2012 until June 2015, he served as the Head of the Operational Law Section. He currently holds the position as the Chief of Staff at the Legal Department of the Belgian Armed Forces. Lieutenant-colonel (GS) De Cock has participated in several operational deployments as legal advisor in Afghanistan, during counter-piracy and counter-narcotics
op-erations with the Navy, during operation Unified Protector and operation Inherent Resolve. He is also a member of the visiting teaching staff at the International Institute of Humanitarian Law in San Remo, and senior lecturer at the Royal Military School in Brussels in the fields of the Law of Armed Conflict and Arms Control Law.
Lieutenant-colonel Nathalie Durhin graduated from Institut d’études Politiques Paris - Sci-ences Po Paris in 1992 (Public Law). She joined the French Air Force in 1995, as a “Commis-saire”. She then obtained a diploma of advanced studies in Military History, Security and Defence (Aix Marseille, 1997) and two masters degrees in Management and Logistics (Ecole Supérieure des Sciences Economiques et Commerciales - ESSEC, 1998) and International Rela-tions and Military Strategy (Universities of Milan and Rome, 2010). Lieutenant-colonel Durhin has been heading the Operational Law Section at the French Joint Staff since 2013 where she advises the Joint Command Operations Center Chief and the Joint Chief of Staff on matters relating to the Law of Armed Conflicts (LOAC). Prior to this and in the field of operational law, she was Legal Advisor for the Balkans region at JFC Naples in 2001 and 2002, and Head of LOAC office within the Department of legal affairs (DAJ) at the French Ministry of defence from 2010 to 2013. She has also been Chief Admin (HR, Finances, Logistics, Audit) and Legal advisor of Nancy Air Base from 2006 to 2009. She was designated as a French War College attendant for an exchange with the Italian War College (Istituto Superiore di Stato Maggiore Interforze) in 2009-2010. She was deployed in Kosovo and Bosnia, two times in Afghanistan as legal advisor to the French Air Senior representative (2005 and 2007), at Naples CJTF for Operation Unified Protector (Lybia) in 2011, and from May to August 2014 for the French operations Serval and Barkhane in Mali and other countries of the sub region, as the Force Commander’s Legal Advisor.
Marco Sassòli, a citizen of Switzerland and Italy, is Professor of International Law and Director of the Department of International Law and International Organisation at the University of Geneva (Switzerland). From 2001 to 2003, he has been Professor of International Law at the Université du Québec à Montreal (Canada), where he remains Associate Professor. He is com-missioner and alternate member of the Executive Committee of the International Commission of Jurists (ICJ). Mr Sassòli graduated as doctor of laws at the University of Basel (Switzerland) and was admitted to the Swiss bar. He has worked from 1985 until 1997 for the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), at the Headquarters, inter alia as Deputy Head of its Legal Division, and in conflict areas, inter alia as Head of Delegation in Jordan and Syria and as protection coordinator for the former Yugoslavia. During a sabbatical leave in 2011, he joined again the ICRC Delegation in Islamabad. He has also served as registrar at the Swiss Supreme Court, and from 2004 to 2013 as chair of the board of Geneva Call, an NGO engaging non-State armed actors to respect humanitarian rules. He has published on International Humanitarian
Law, Human Rights Law, International Criminal Law, the sources of International Law and the responsibility of States and non-State actors.
Steven Hill is Legal Adviser and Director of the Office of Legal Affairs at NATO. His role is to advise the Secretary General and International Staff on all legal aspects of NATO operations and coordinate NATO activities in the legal field. Mr. Hill came to NATO after serving as Coun-selor for Legal Affairs at the United States (U.S.) Mission to the UN. Prior to his work in New York, Mr Hill led the legal unit at the International Civilian Office in Kosovo. In both roles, his responsibilities included a strong policy component focused on supporting the rule of law in conflict- and post-conflict situations. He previously worked in the Office of the Legal Adviser at the U.S. Department of State, where he advised on the law of armed conflict, human rights law, economic sanctions, and the law governing diplomatic premises. He was responsible for negotiating a wide range of bilateral and multilateral instruments, including as chief U.S.
negotiator for the landmark UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. He was assigned to the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad from 2004 to 2005. He also served as Counsel in proceedings before the International Court of Justice in 2003 and in several cases before the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights from 2006 to 2007. Mr Hill also actively engages
negotiator for the landmark UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. He was assigned to the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad from 2004 to 2005. He also served as Counsel in proceedings before the International Court of Justice in 2003 and in several cases before the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights from 2006 to 2007. Mr Hill also actively engages