Une partie du travail réalisé (présenté en sections 3, 4 et 5) et des perspectives envisagées (présentées en section 6) sont purement scientifiques et visent à mieux comprendre l’environnement spatial de la Terre dans sa globalité, depuis la magnétosphère externe en passant par la plasmasphère, l’ionosphère et la thermosphère. Je cherche plus spécifiquement à étudier la manière dont le système répond aux stimuli du vent solaire, en m’efforçant de regarder avec finesse les différences de réponse en fonction des contraintes internes (asymétries interhémisphériques et en MLT, en fonction de la saison et du champ magnétique interne) et externes (variations de réponses du système en fonction de conditions spécifiques dans le vent solaire : différentes composantes de l’IMF, pression, vitesse, nombre de Mach d’Alfvén et du plasma dans le vent solaire). Les modèles numériques développés et la formidable batterie d’instruments disponibles depuis ces 20 dernières années rendent ces perspectives atteignables et stimulantes. En parallèle, je continuerai également à promouvoir auprès du CDPP le développement d’outils permettant de mettre en relation les données d’instruments spatiaux et sols, dans la poursuite des développements des outils CST et 2DViewer de 3DView (bloc du bas du synopsis des activités du groupe ionosphère de l’IRAP présenté en Figure 7.1). Enfin, je m’attacherai également à promouvoir de futures missions magnétosphériques et ionosphériques, puisqu’à part la mission de classe S SMILE de l’ESA (lancement prévu en 2021), les perspectives sont malheureusement assez pauvres de ce côté, malgré un besoin évident de renouvellement des mesures et un foisonnement des concepts instrumentaux proposés (Thor, Alfvén, Escape).
Figure 7.1 : Synopsis des activités scientifiques et applicatives du groupe ionosphère de l’IRAP, en lien avec le CDPP.
Les travaux et développements scientifiques décrits ci-dessus sont également indispensables pour préparer les perspectives plus sociétales de mon projet qui ont pour vocation à terme à décrire en temps réel, puis à prévoir l’activité magnétique et l’état de l’environnement proche de la Terre (système thermosphère-ionosphère). En particulier, les outils numériques et les indices magnétiques toujours en
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cours de développements aujourd’hui, le sont essentiellement pour des activités scientifiques mais également à des fins plus applicatives dans le cadre de la Météorologie de l’Espace. L’ensemble des développements entrepris en modélisation (modules électrodynamiques, modèle de thermosphère et version opérationnelle du modèle TRANSCAR/IPIM) en association avec des données d’observation continues (radars SuperDARN, GNSS, magnétomètres…) et les développements en cours pour créer de nouveaux indices avec une meilleure résolution spatio-temporelle, seront ainsi critiques pour ces activités et seront à la base d’un service de prévision du système ionosphère-thermosphère que nous avons vocation à proposer à moyen terme avec mes collègues du groupe ionosphère de l’IRAP et de l’EOST (bloc du haut du synopsis de la Figure 7.1). Ces développements s’inscrivent parfaitement dans les objectifs du groupe de travail OFRAME (Organisation Française de Recherche Applicative en Météorologie de l’Espace) dont je suis membre.
Par ailleurs, la transposition du code IPIM aux autres planètes du système solaire me donne également l’envie de travailler sur l’environnement des autres planètes en liens avec les missions spatiales comme MAVEN pour MARS, JUNO et JUICE pour Jupiter.
Enfin, j’espère vivement dans les prochaines années continuer à partager ma vision à la fois scientifique et sociétale de la recherche avec des étudiants et des jeunes chercheurs.
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