• Aucun résultat trouvé

Chapitre 6 : CONCLUSION

6.2 Conclusion

En conclusion, l’une des contributions importantes de cette étude aux connaissances sur l’adhésion au traitement préventif de l’asthme infantile consiste en la documentation de l’ampleur de la non- adhésion chez les enfants marocains atteints d’asthme. De plus, les résultats des analyses mettent en évidence une variable considérablement associée à la non-adhésion au traitement préventif de l’asthme chez l’enfant, soit les connaissances sur l’asthme que possèdent les membres de la famille de l’enfant asthmatique. Il est pertinent de souligner que les connaissances par leur caractère modifiable peuvent jouer un important rôle de levier au niveau de l’intervention par les praticiens et autres professionnels de la santé.

75

Références bibliographiques

Agence Nationale d’Accréditation et d’Évaluation en Santé (2001). Éducation thérapeutique du

patient asthmatique. Adulte et adolescent. ANAES : Paris : ANAES.

Al-Khateeb, A.J. et Al khateeb, J.M. (2015). Research on psychosocial aspects of asthma in the Arab world: a literature review. Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine, 10(15).

Armstrong, M.L., Duncan, C.L., Stokes, J.O., Pereira, D. (2014). Association of caregiver health beliefs and parenting stress with medication adherence in preschoolers with asthma. Journal

of Asthma, 51(4): 366-372.

Bender, B.G., Bartlett, S.J., Rand, C.S., Turner, C., Wamboldt, F.S. et Zhang, L. (2007). Impact of Interview Mode on Accuracy of Child and Parent Report of Adherence with Asthma- Controller Medication. Pediatrics, 120(3), e471.

Bender, B. et Zhang, L. (2008) Negative affect, medication adherence, and asthma control in children.

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 122 (3), 290-5.

BinSaeed, A.A. (2014). Caregiver knowledge and its relationship to asthma control among children in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Asthma, 51(8): 870-875.

Blais, L., Beauchesne, M.-F. et Lévesque, S. (2006). Socioeconomic status and medication prescription patterns in pediatric asthma in Canada. Journal of Adolescent Health, 38 (607): e9-e16.

Bouayad, Z., Aichane, A., Afif, A., Benouhoud, N., Trombati, N., Chan-Yeung, M. et Aït-Khaled, N. (2006). Prevalence and trend of self-reported asthma and other allergic disease symptoms in Morocco: ISAAC Phase I and III. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung

Disease, 10(4):371-377.

Boulet, L.P., Becker, A., Bérubé, Denis, Beveridge, R. et Ernst, P. (1999). Canadian Asthma Consensus Guidelines, 1999. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 161 (11 suppl). Bousquet, J. et al. (2010). Uniform definition of asthma severity, control, and exacerbations:

Document presented for the World Health Organization Consultation on Severe Asthma. The

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 126(5):926-938.

Brooks C.M., Richards, J.M., Kohler, C.L., Soong, S.J., Martin, B., Windsor, R.A. et al. (1994). Assessing adherence to asthma medication and inhaler regimens: a psychometric analysis of adult self-report scales. Medical Care, 32: 298-307.

Burgess, S.W., Sly, P.D., Morawska, A. et Devadason, S.G. (2008). Assessing adherence and factors associated with adherence in young children with asthma. Respirology, 13: 559-563. Burgess, S., Sly, P. et Devadason, S. (2011). Adherence with Preventive Medication in Childhood

76

Celano, M., Linzer, J.F., Demi, A., Bakeman, R., Smith, C.O., Croft, S. et Kobrynski, L.J. (2010). Treatment Adherence Among Low-Income, African American Children with Persistant Asthma. Journal of Asthma, 47:317-322.

Chang, J., Freed, G.L., Prosser, L.A., Patel, I., Erickson, S.R., Bagozzi, R.P. et Balkrishnan, R. (2014). Comparisons of Health Care Utilization Outcomes in Children with Asthma Enrolled in Private Insurance Plans Versus Medicaid. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 28(1): 71-79. 33.

Cohen, J., Mann, D.M., Wisnivesky, J.P., Horne, R., Leventhal, H., Musumeci-Szabo, T.J., et Halm, E.A. (2009). Assessing the validity of self-reported medication adherence among inner-city asthmatic adults: The Medication Adherence Report Scale for Asthma. Annals of Allergy,

Asthma & Immunology, 10: 325-331.

Cohn, R.C. (2003). A Review of the Effects of Medication Delivery Systems on Treatment Adherence in Children with Asthma. Current Therapeutic Research, 64 (1): 34-44.

Conn, K.M., Halterman, J.S., Fisher, S.G., Yoos, H.L., Chin N.P. et Szilagyi, P.G. (2005). Parental beliefs about medications and medication adherence among urban children with asthma.

Ambulatory Pediatrics, 5(5): 306-10.

Conn, K.M., Halterman, J.S., Lynch, K. et Cabana, M.D. (2007). The Impact of Parents’ Medication Beliefs on Asthma Management. Pediatrics, 120(3): e521-e526.

Conseil du médicament (2007). Le choix des médicaments assurés au Québec : Une démarche

responsable et transparente. Information sur la démarche d’évaluation scientifique des médicaments. Québec : Gouvernement du Québec.

Cramer, JA., Roy, A., Burrell, A. et al. (2008). Medication compliance and persistence: terminology and definitions. Value Health, Jan-Feb, 11(1):44-47.

Desai, M. et Oppenheimer, J.J. (2011). Medication Adherence in the Asthmatic Child and Adolescent.

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 11:454-464.

Diaz, T., Sturm, T., Matte, T., Bindra, M., Lawler, K., Findley, S. et Maylahn, C. (2000). Medication Use Among Children with Asthma in East Harlem. Pediatrics 2000; 105: 1188-1193. Direction de la statistique (2009). Les indicateurs sociaux du Maroc en 2009. Rabat : Royaume du

Maroc, Haut-commissariat au plan.

Drotar, D. et Bonner, M.S. (2009). Influences on Adherence to Pediatric Asthma Treatment: A Review of Correlates and Predictors. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 30(6) : 574-582.

Dutau, G. (2002). Guide pratique de l’asthme de l’enfant. Coll. Médiguides. Paris : MMI Éditions. Dutau, G. et Didier, A. (2003). Asthma Guide. Paris : Éditions Médicales.

Eisenberg DM, Kessler RC, Foster C, Norlock, FE, Calkins DR, Delbanco TL. (1993). Unconventional medicine in the United States. Prevalence, costs, and patterns of use. New

77

El Ftouh, M., Yassine, N., Benkheder, A., Bouacha, H., Nafti, S., Taright, S., Fakhfakh, H., Ali- Khoudja, M., Texier, N. et El Hasnaoui, A. (2009). Paediatric asthma in North Africa: The Asthma Insights and Reality in the Maghreb (AIRMAG) study. Respiratory Medicine, 103, S2: S21-S29.

Elkout, H., Helms, P.J., Simpson, C.R. et McLay, J.S. (2012). Adequate Levels of Adherence with Controller Medication Is Associated with Increased Use of Rescue Medication in Asthmatic Children. PLoS ONE 7(6): e39130.

Engelkes, M., Janssens, H.M., de Jongste, J.C., Sturkenboom, M.C.J.M. et Verhamme, K.M.C. (2015). Medication adherence and the risk of severe asthma exacerbations: a systematic review. European Respiratory Journal, 45: 396-407.

Finkelstein, JA, Lozano, P., Farber, H.J., Miroshnik, I. et Lieu, T.A. (2002). Underuse of Controller Medications Among Medicaid-Insured Children with Asthma. Archives of Pediatrics and

Adolescent Medicine. 156: 562-567.

Friend, M. et Morrison, A. (2014). Interventions to Improve Asthma Management of the School-Age Child. Clinical Pediatrics, 1-9.

Gibson, PG. et Powell, H. (2004). Written action plans for asthma: an evidence-based review of the key components. Thorax, 59: 94-99.

Global Asthma Network (2014). The Global Asthma Report 2014. Auckland, New Zealand: Global Asthma Network.

Global Initiative for Asthma (2015). Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention. GINA. Global Initiative for Asthma (2016a). Pocket Guide for Asthma Management and Prevention (for

Adults and Children Older than 5 years). A Pocket Guide for Health Professionals.

Global Initiative for Asthma (2017). Pocket Guide for Asthma Management and Prevention (for

Adults and Children Older than 5 years). A Pocket Guide for Health Professionals.

Graves, M.M., Adams, C.D. et Portnoy, J.M. (2006). Adherence in young children with asthma.

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 6:124-127.

Halterman, J.S., Auinger, P., Conn, K.M., Lynch, K., Yoos, L. et Szilagyi, P.G. (2007). Inadequate Therapy and Poor Symptom Control among Children with Asthma: Findings from a Multistate Sample. Ambulatory Pediatrics, 7: 153-159.

Haynes, RB., Ackloo, E., Sahota, N., McDonald, HP. et Yao, X. (2008). Interventions for enhancing medication adherence. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2: CD000011.

Herndon, J.B., Mattke, S., Cuellar, A.E., Hong, S.Y. et Shenkman, E.A. (2012). Anti-Inflammatory Medication Adherence, Healthcare Utilization and Expenditures among Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Program Enrollees with Asthma. Pharmacoeconomics, 30 (5): 397-412.

78

Horne, R., Weinman, J. et Hankins, M. (1999). The beliefs about medicines questionnaire: The development and evaluation of a new method for assessing the cognitive representation of medication. Psychology & Health, 14:1-24.

Horne R. et Hankins, M. (2002). The Medication Adherence Report Scale. Brighton, England: Center for Health Care Research.

Horne, R. (2006). Compliance, Adherence, and Concordance: Implications for Asthma Treatment.

Chest, 130(1 suppl): 65S-72S.

INSERM (2002). Asthme. Dépistage et prévention chez l’enfant. Rapport établi à la demande de la

Caisse nationale d’assurance-maladie des professions indépendantes (Canam). Paris :

Éditions INSERM.

Institut national d’excellence en santé et en services sociaux (2011). Plan d’action pour l’asthme. Québec : Gouvernement du Québec.

Klok, T., Brand, P., Bomhof-Roordink, H., Duiverman, E.J, et Kaptein, A.A. (2010). Parental illness perceptions and medication perceptions in childhood asthma, a focus group study. Acta

Paediatrica, 100:248-252.

Klok, T., Kaptein, A.A., Duiverman, E.J. et Brand, P.L. (2012). High inhaled corticosteroids adherence in childhood asthma: the role of medication beliefs. European Respiratory

Journal. 40:5, 1072-1074.

Klok, T., Kaptein, A.A., Duiverman, E.J. et Brand, P.L. (2013). It’s the adherence, stupid (that determines asthma control in preschool children)! European Respiratory Journal, 43: 783- 791.

Klok, T., Kaptein, A.A., Duiverman, E.J. et Brand, P.L. (2014). It’s the adherence, stupid (that determines asthma control in preschool children)! European Respiratory Journal, 43: 783- 791.

Koster, E.S., Raaijmakers, J.A.M., Vijverberg, S.J.H. et Maitland-van der Zee, A.H. (2011). Inhaled corticosteroid adherence in paediatric patients: the PACMAN cohort study.

Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 20: 1064-1072.

Krishnan, J.A., Bender, B.G., Wamboldt, F.S., Szefler, S.J., Adkinson, N.F., Zeiger, R.S., Wise, R.A., Bilderback, A.L. et Rand, C.S. (2012). Adherence to inhaled corticosteroids: An ancillary study of the Childhood Asthma Management Program clinical trial. Journal of Allergy and

Clinical Immunology, 129(1): 112-118.

Krishnan S., Rohman A. et Dozor, A.J. (2016). Relationship Between Health Literacy and Numeracy of Parents and Asthma Control in Their Children. Pediatric Asthma: Predictors and Outcomes, A2149-A2149.

Lakhanpaul, M., Bird, D., Manikam, L., Culley, L., Perkins, G., Hudson, N., Wilson, J. et Johnson, M. (2014). A systematic review of explanatory factors of barriers and facilitators to improving asthma management in South Asian children. BMC Public Health, 14:403.

79

Lasmar, L., Camargos, P., Bousquet, J., Goulart, E., Sakurai, E. et Carvalhais (2009). Factors Related to Lower Adherence Rates to Inhaled Corticosteroids in Children and Adolescents: A Prospective Randomized Cohort Study. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 55(1): 20-5.

Mäkelä, M.J., Backer, V., Hedegaard, M. et Larsson, K. (2013). Adherence to inhaled therapies, health outcomes and costs in patients with asthma and COPD. Respiratory Medicine, 107: 1481-1490.

Masoli, M., Fabian, D., Holt, S. et Beasley, R. (2004). The global burden of asthma: executive summary of the GINA Dissemination Committee Report. Allergy, 59:469-478.

McQuaid, E.L., Everhart, R.S., Seifer, R., Kopel, S.J., Koinis-Mitchell, D., Klein, R.B., Esteban, C.A., Fritz, G.K. et Canino, G. (2012). Medication Adherence Among Latino and Non-Latino White Children with Asthma. Pediatrics, 129(6): e1404-e1410.

McQuaid, E.L., Fedele, D.A., Adams, S.K., Koinis-Mitchell, D., Mitchell, J., Kopel, S.J., Seifer, R., Jandasek, B., Fritz, G.K. et Canino, G. (2014). Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use and Adherence to Asthma Medications among Latino and Non-Latino White Families.

Academic Pediatric Association, 14(2):192-199.

Ministère de la Santé (2012). Recommandations de bonnes pratiques médicales. L’asthme.

Rabat : Royaume du Maroc.

Mora, P.A., Berkowitz, A., Contrada, R.J., Wisnivesky, J., Horne, R., Leventhal, H. et Halm, E.A. (2011). Factor structure and longitudinal invariance of the Medical Adherence Report Scale- Asthma. Psychology & Health, 26:6, 713-727.

Morton, R.W., Everard, M.L. et Elphick, H.E. (2014). Adherence in childhood asthma: the elephant in the room. BMJ Archives of Disease in Childhood, 99:949-953. 36

Naar-King, S., Ellis, D., Kolmodin, K., Cunningham, P. et Secord, E. (2009). Feasibility of adapting multisystemic therapy to improve illness management behaviors and reduce asthma morbidity in high-risk African American youth: a case series. Journal of Child and Family

Studies, 18: 564-573.

Ohm, R. et Aaronson, L.S. (2006). Symptom Perception and Adherence to Asthma Controller Medications. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 38(3):292-297.

Orrell-Valente, J.K., Jarlsberg, L.G., Hill, L.G. et Cabana, M.D. (2008). At What Age Do Children Start Taking Daily Asthma Medicines on Their Own? Pediatrics, 122(6): e1186-e1192. Oumlil, S. (2006). Les croyances de santé en matière d’asthme chez l’enfant. Thèse de doctorat en

médecine, Université Hassan II de Casablanca.

Philp, J.C., Maselli, J., Pachter, L.M. et Cabana, M.D. (2012). Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use and Adherence with Pediatric Asthma Treatment. Pediatrics, 129: 1-7. Pink, J., Pink, K. et Elwyn, G. (2009). Measuring Patient Knowledge of Asthma: A Systematic

80

Rastogi, D., Madhok, N. et Kipperman, S. (2013). Caregiver Asthma Knowledge, Aptitude, and Practice in High Healthcare Utilizing Children: Effect of an Educational Intervention.

Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology, 26 (3): 128-139.

Redzuan, A.M., Lee, M.S. et Shah, N.M. (2014). Adherence to preventive medications in asthmatic children at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Malaysia. Patient Preference and Adherence, 8: 263-270.

Rodriguez Martinez, C. et Sossa, M.P. (2005). Validation of an Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire for Use with Parents or Guardians of Children with Asthma. Archivos de Bronconeumologia., 41(8): 419-24.

Roy, A., Lurslurchachai, L., Halm, E.A., Li, X.-M., Wisnivesky, J.P. (2010). Complementary and Alternative Medication Use and Adherence to Inhaled Corticosteroid Among Inner-City Asthmatics. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 104(2): 132-138.

Santer, M., Ring, N., Yardley, L., Geraghty, A.W.A. et Wyke, S. (2014). Treatment non-adherence in pediatric long-term medical conditions: systematic review and synthesis of qualitative studies of caregivers’ views. BMC Pediatrics, 14: 63.

Schultz, A., Sly, P.D., Zhang, G., Venter, A., Devadason, S.G. et le Souëf, P.N. (2012). Usefulness of parental response to questions about adherence to prescribed inhaled corticosteroids in young children. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 97: 1092-1096.

Sebban, S. (2006). Asthme sous contrôle. Monaco: Éditions Alpen.

Sidora-Arcoleo, K., Yoos, L., McMullen, A. et Kitzman, H. (2007). Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use in Children with Asthma: Prevalence and Sociodemographic Profile of Users.

Journal of Asthma, 44: 169-175.

Smeeton, N.C., Rona, R.J., Gregory, J., White, P. et Morgan, M. (2007). Parental attitudes towards the management of asthma in ethnic minorities. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 92:1082- 1087.

Sofianou, A., Martynenko, M., Wolf, M.S., Wisnivesky, J.P., Krauskopf, K., Wilson, E.A.H., Sanghavi, M., Leventhal, H., Halm, E.A. et Federman, A.D. (2012). Asthma Beliefs Are Associated with Medication Adherence in Older Asthmatics. Journal of General Internal

Medicine, 28(1): 67-73.

Stanford, R.H., Gilsenan, A.W., Ziemiecki, R., Zhou, X., Lincourt, W.R. et Ortega, H. (2010). Predictors of Uncontrolled Asthma in Adult and Pediatric Patients: Analysis of the Asthma Control Characteristics and Prevalence Survey Studies (ACCESS). Journal of Asthma, 47:257-262.

Vasbinder, E., Dahhan, N., Wolf, B., Zoer, J., Blankman, E., Bosman, D., van Dijk, L. et van den Bemt, P. (2013). The association of ethnicity with electronically measured adherence to inhaled corticosteroids in children. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 69: 683- 690.

81

Vasbinder, EC, Belitser, SV, Souverein, PC, van Dijk, L, Vulto, AG, van den Bemt, PM (2016). Non- adherence to inhaled corticosteroids and the risk of asthma exacerbations in children. Patient

Preference and Adherence. 16 (10): 531-538.

Vatcheva, KP, Lee MJ, McCormick, J.B. et Rahbar, MH. (2016). Multicollinearity in Regression Analyses Conducted in Epidemiologic Studies. Epidemiology (Sunnyvale). 6(2).

Visser, R., Brusse-Keizer, M., van der Palen, J., Klok, T. et Thio, B.J. (2015). The impact of discussing exercise test results of young asthmatic children on adherence to maintenance medication. Journal of Asthma, 18: 1-6.

Vrijens B., De Geest S., Hughes D.A., Przemyslaw K., Demonceau J., Ruppar T., Dobbels F., Fargher E., Morrison V., Lewek P., Matyjaszczyk M., Mshelia C., Clyne W., Aronson J.K., Urquhart J. (2012). ABC Project Team. A new taxonomy for describing and defining adherence to medications. Br J Clin Pharmacol. May;73(5): 691-705.

Wahl, C., Gregoire, JP., Teo, K. et al. (2008). Concordance, compliance and adherence in healthcare: closing gaps and improving outcomes. Healthcare quarterly, 8(1):65-7.

Wijga, AH., Zuidgeest, M.G.P., Kerkhof, M., Koppelman, G.H., Smit, H.A. et de Jongste, J.C. (2014). Guideline-recommended use of asthma medication by children is associated with parental information and knowledge: the PIAMA birth cohort. Pharmacoepidemiology and

Drug Safety, 23:406-410.

World Health Organization (2002). Prevention of Allergy and Allergic Asthma. Geneva: WHO. World Health Organization (2003). Adherence to long term therapies: Evidence for action. Genève,

Suisse, vol. 2014: 3.

Zhao, J., Shen, K., Xiang, G., Xie, M., Bai, J. et Chen, Q. (2013). The knowledge, attitudes and practices of parents of children with asthma in 29 cities of China: a multi-center study. BMC

Pediatrics, 12: 20.

Liens Internet

CLEISS (2016). Le régime marocain de sécurité sociale. Récupéré le 19 février 2017 sur le site CLEISS : http://www.cleiss.fr/docs/regimes/regime_maroc.html

Cortisone-info (2014). Les corticothérapies (mise à jour d’août 2014). Récupéré le 3 décembre 2015 sur le site Cortisone-info : http://www.cortisone-info.fr/Generalites/Les-corticotherapies Eureka Santé (2015). Les médicaments du traitement de fond de l’asthme (mise à jour du 19 mai

2015). Récupéré le 25 juillet 2015 sur le site d’Eureka Santé : http://www.eurekasante.fr/maladies/voies-respiratoires/asthme.html?pb=medicaments-fond GINA (2016b). The Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). About us. Récupéré le 25 septembre 2017

sur le site de la GINA : http://ginasthma.org/about-us/

L’économiste (2011). Réforme constitutionnelle : Comment sera la future région. Récupéré le 23 août 2017 sur le site de L’économiste : http:// http://www.leconomiste.com/article/reforme- constitutionnellebrcomment-sera-la-future-region

82

Ministère de la sant

é

du Royaume du Maroc (2013). Direction régionale de la sant

é

: Casablanca- Settat. Récupéré le 9 décembre 2016 sur le site du Ministère de la santé : http://www.sante.gov.ma/Regions/Pages/Casablanca-Settat.aspx

RAMED (2012). Le régime d’assistance médicale. Récupéré le 19 février 2017 sur le site du Ministère de la Santé du Royaume du Maroc : https://www.ramed.ma/fr/Commun/home.aspx World Health Organization (2015). Health Impact Assessment (HIA): The determinants of health. Récupéré le 3 décembre 2015 sur le site de WHO : http://www.who.int/hia/evidence/doh/en/

83

Documents relatifs