The valid characters in the ICE-85 command language include upper and lower case alphabetic ASCII characters A through Z and the set of digits 0 through 9. The space serves as a delimiter for tokens, and carriage-return/line-feed characters are also valid, delimiting command lines. A question mark, ?, @ sign, and $ sign are also valid in user-defined names entered in the command language.
The algebraic operators
+
and - (binary and unary), the asterisk (*), and slash (I), relational operators (=.<. »,
the ampersand, semicolon, period, parentheses, pound sign (#), and comma constitute the only other valid ASCII characters for ICE-85: all other characters are treated as if a space was typed.alphabetic characters:
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz numeric characters:
o
1 2345 6 7 89 (A BCD E F: hexadecimal characters) special characters:+-
<=>
$'&).(;*1#This character set is used to construct the vocabulary that constitutes the command language.
Tokens
A token in ICE-85 command language is roughly equivalent to a 'word' in the English language. It consists of a string of alphanumeric characters that may be augmented by a one or two special character prefix that serves as a token identifier.
Tokens are divided into the following types: keywords, user-names, and constants.
Examples are: REGISTERS, .START, .. MODULE, GROUP, 0400, 123AH.
Keywords
ICE-85 recognizes a general class of predefined tokens that are fixed in the com-mand language. They provide three functions. Reference keywords are used to specify locations having unique predefined functions. Command keywords specify command type. Function keywords specify subfunctions within a command. The following sections define and describe these keyword classes. Each class and associated keyword set is presented in the following paragraphs. Appendix A con-tains a listing of ICE-85 keywords and their abbreviations.
The reason for discussing the various classes and subsets here is to smooth the later discussions of commands, where the class-names are used to show what elements may appear in which commands.
Reference Keywords
The command language contains a set of system defined mnemonic tokens that are used to address system objects. Each device such as the accumulator or register B is assigned a specific mnemonic that is to be used to address and access the contents of that device. These identifiers are called reference keywords. Reference keywords are
Metalanguage
4-3
ICE-85B Metalanguage
4-4
used in ICE-85 commands to refer to 8085 processor registers and flags, system defined channel groups, emulation registers, memory locations, and blocks, I/O ports and synchronization lines.
The total set of reference keywords is subdivided by types. Each type is referenced by a class name. For example, register-name denotes the set of 8085 8-bit registers.
A reference token is assigned to each element within the set and is always shown in upper case. For example, 'RB' denotes the contents of the register B of the 8085 8-bit register set.
Registers
All of the registers are assigned reference keywords for addressing. The registers are composed of the following classes: 8085 8-bit registers, 8085 register pairs, 8085
I-bit status flags and 8085 interrupt bits.
Type Class Name
8-bit registers register-name
Keywords
RA.RB,RC,RD,RE,RF, RH,RL
The meta-term register-name is the name of the class of 8085 8-bit general purpose work registers that provide a variety of functi0ns such as storing 8-bit data values, intermediate results of arithmetic operations, address pointers, and operation code and status data.
Type Class Name Keywords
16-bit registers register-pair-name RBC,RDE,RHL,SP,PC
The meta-term register-pair-name is the name of the class of 16-bit register pairs that provide such functions as storing 16-bit values, maintaining the stack and program pointers, and saving status information.
Type Class Name Keywords
Status flags flag-name CY,PY,ACY,Z-,SN
The meta-term flag-name is the class name of the set of five I-bit condition flags that carry conditions resulting from arithmetic and logical operations.
Type Class Name Keywords
Interrupt bits i-bit-name MS,M6,M7,IE,17,SIO,SOD
The meta-term i-bit-name is the class name of the set of seven interrupt bits that are used to mask, enable/disable, and sense interrupts and to input/output serial data.
ICE-85B
ICE-85B ICE-85B Metalanguage
Type Class Name
ICE status registers status-register
Keywords
OPCODE, CAUSE, PPC, PSW, UPPER, LOWER, LIMIT, BUFFERSIZE, TIMER, HTIMER
The meta-term status-register is the class name for the set of ten ICE-85 status registers that are used to display ICE-85 status.
System Defined Channel Groups
Type Class Name
Channel group s-group-name
Keywords
DMUX,ADDR,ADDRL,ADDRH, DATA,STS,SD,
RW,MTH, UO,U1,U2
The meta-term s-group-name is the class name of the set of twelve ICE-85 defined groups of external probe and 8085 processor channels that are used to set breakpoint and qualification registers.
Emulation Registers
The emulation registers consist of the breakpoint registers, qualification registers and condition registers,
Type Class Name Keywords
Breakpoint registers break-reg BRO,BR1,BR Qualification registers qual-reg QRO,QR1,QR Condition registers cond-reg CRO,CR1,CR2,CR3
GO register go-reg GR
Step register step-reg SR
The meta-term break-reg is the class name for the two breakpoint registers that are used to halt emulation. The meta-term qual-reg is the set name for the two qualification registers that control tracing. Each register is 42 bits long, one bit for each of the eighteen probe channels and twenty-four processor channels (except channel 43, MTH), and each bit can take anyone of the three values 0, 1, or "don't care". The initial setting of these registers is 42 "don't care" values. The meta-term cond-reg is the set name for the four condition registers that are used to set the test conditions that control emulation in the step mode. The meta-term go-reg refers to the GO-register, an ICE-85 pseudo-register that controls the breaking of real-time emulation. The meta-term step-reg refers to the STEP-register, an ICE-85 pseudo-register that controls the stopping of single-stepping.
Synchronization Lines
Type Keywords
Sync SYO,SY1
4-5
ICE-85B Metalanguage
4-6
ICE-85 can be synchronized with other ICE devices by means of two synchroniza-tion lines: SYO, which synchronizes real-time emulation and SY 1, which syn-chronizes the trace. Both can be enabled or disabled for input or output or both.