Le but de cette étude est de déterminer s'il y a un avantage à utiliser le système sylvopastoral, en eucalypticulture, en ce qui concerne la conservation de la diversité des organismes fongiques du sol, par rapport à la monoculture. L'objectif est de caractériser les communautés d'ectomycorhizes présentes dans un système monocultural et deux systèmes sylvopastoraux. Les communautés d'ectomycorhizes retrouvées dans une plantation d'Eucalyptus urograndis ont été analysées et comparées avec celles de deux parcelles agroforestières de type sylvopastoral. Dans un des systèmes sylvopastoraux, un mélange de Brachiaria (B. brizantha cv. Xaraés; B. decumbens cv. Basilisk; B. brizantha cv. Piatà) a été semé entre des rangées d'Eucalyptus urograndis et des vaches laitières y sont intégrées. Dans l'autre système, les rangées d'arbres sont composées de E. urograndis et d'Acacia mangium alternés, ainsi que de Brachiaria spp. et des vaches. L'hypothèse de recherche est que la diversité biologique est supérieure dans les parcelles agroforestières que dans les parcelles monoculturales.
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