Colloid Characterization at the Sediment-water Interface of Vidy Bay, Lake Geneva performance and the SAGRAVE team who provided and operated the platform from which the dives were carried out. We also thank Ulrich Lemmin and Jean-Denis Bourquin for project coordination. The service of Mikhail Kranoperov (Russian Honorary Consulate) as liaison is greatly appreciated. Agathe Martignier and Frédéric Loosli for their expertise, along with Elena Gascon Diez and Mathieu Masson for their assistance in sampling.
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C HAPTER 3
D ISCRIMINATION B ETWEEN V ERTICAL AND L ATERAL S ED
-IMENTATION P ATHWAYS IN A C ONTAMINATED B AY
This chapter investigates the spatial and temporal sedimentation dynamics influencing Vidy Bay. These dynamics are studied to understand the sedimentation pathways in and around the bay and, in doing so, help suggest to the pathways of particle-bound contaminants.
This understanding is paramount when attempting to determine whether an accumulation around, or dispersal from, a point source is occurring and identifying the process of sediment focusing and contamiant accumulation.
Discrimination Between Vertical and Lateral Sedimentation Pathways in a Contaminated Bay
Discrimination Between Vertical and Lateral Sedimentation Pathways in a Contaminated Bay
Neil D. Graham1*, Janusz Dominik2, Jean-Luc Loizeau1
1Institute F.–A. Forel, Earth and Environmental Sciences Section, University of Geneva Route de Suisse 10, 1290 Versoix, GE, Switzerland
2Istituto di Scienze Marine – Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Arsenale – Tesa 104 Castello 2737/F, 30 122 Venezia, Italy
*Neil.Graham@unige.ch
An article of form similar to this chapter will be submitted for publishing.
50
3.1 Abstract
3.1 Abstract
Knowing the fate of particle-bound contaminants is important for mitigating potential en-vironmental, economic, and health impacts linked to these contaminants. Vidy Bay, Lake Geneva, Switzerland, is highly contaminated due to the outfall and overflow from the wastew-ater treatment plant of the City of Lausanne. This study investigated the spatial and temporal sedimentation dynamics influencing Vidy Bay to better understand particle-bound contam-inant pathways. The flux ratio of natural radionuclide tracers were used to quantify lateral advections and to estimate process-related residence times. To achieve this, a vertical sedi-mentation model, with a lateral component, was constructed using7Be/210Pbxsratios to dif-ferentiate between particle sources and calculate process-related and overall residence times related to the sedimentation processes of: adsorption and coagulation/aggregation, particle settling through the water column, and particle settling through the bottom boundary layer.
Results of the study indicated that: (i) sedimentation rates and lateral advections in-creased vertically with proximity to the sediment surface and laterally with proximity to shore, where the lateral component accounted for 48 % of collected sediments near the sedi-ment surface in the bay as compared to−2 % closer to the lake surface in the main basin, (ii) lateral inputs were greater during thermally unstratified conditions than during stratification, and (iii) overall annual mean residence times showed that both the process-related residence time in the bottom boundary layer and adsorption/coagulation in surface waters were dom-inant, while mean lacustrine seasonal residence times were predominantly controlled by coagulation/aggregation closer to shore and by particle settling through the water column at deeper sites. The proposed sediment component model provided refined process-related and overall residence times as compared to those previously published for Lake Geneva and similar systems. The overall annual residence time was found to be 53 d in the bay and 118 d in the adjacent main basin.