GHANA BURDEN OF CANCER

(1)

Total # cancer cases (2018)

Total # cancer deaths (2018)

22,823 15,089

6.2%

aPAF, cancer deaths ^bPAF, cancer cases ^cPAF, melanoma cases

TRENDS

Estimated past and future trends in total cases per year (breast and lung) Probability of premature death from cancer per year

INVESTMENT CASE (2019)

*Lower middle income

At this income level, investing in a package of essential services and scaling-up coverage will:

Costs per year Projected lives saved per year

Cancer Country Profile 2020

UV (2012)^c Occupational risk (2017)^a

17.0% 0.7%

30,417,858

Premature deaths from NCDs (2016)

Cancer as % of NCD premature deaths (2016)

6.0%

PAFs

(population attributable fractions)

41,410

Alcohol (2016)^a Infections (2012)^b Obesity (2012)^b

34.4% 1.3%

GHANA

BURDEN OF CANCER

17.9%

Total population (2019)

Tobacco (2017)^a

20.4%

13.8%

5.4%

1.9%

2.0%

12.1%

4.7%

3.8%

9.3%

4.0%

12.4%

14.0%

5.5%

1.4%

2.2%

18.1%

4.6%

4.5%

7.3%

5.8%

Breast Cervix uteri Colorectum Corpus uteri Leukaemia Liver Non-Hodgkin lymphoma Ovary Prostate Stomach

Most common cancer cases (2018)

Incidence Mortality

0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000

2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030

5.44%

5.47%5.44%5.35%5.25%5.13%5.02%4.92%4.91%4.90%4.90%4.91%4.93%4.93%

4.91%

4.80%4.77%4.73%4.69%4.65%4.61%4.57%4.53%4.50%4.46%4.42%4.38%

4.34%

4.58%4.47%4.36%4.25%4.14%4.03%3.92%3.81%3.70%3.59%3.48%3.37%

3.25%

2.00%

7.00%

12.00%

17.00%

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Past trends Projected linear trend SDG target 2,260

348 4,645

250 8,787

511 -

1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000

Breast cancer Lung cancer

2012 2018 2040

- 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50

2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030

US$ (per capita)

(2)

HEALTH SYSTEM CAPACITY

aper 10,000 cancer patients

WORKFORCE

aper 10,000 cancer patients

Quality of mortality registration*** 2007-2016 No coverage 2019 no

# of radiation oncologist^a 2019 n/a

2019 25.4

# of mammographs^a 2020 10.1 # of surgeons^a n/a n/a

# of CT scanners^a 2020 16.6 # of radiologist^a 2019 39.4

# of MRI scanners^a 2020 0.9 # of nuclear medicine physician^a 2019 1.3

# of PET or PET/CT scanners^a 2020 0.0 # of medical & pathology lab scientists^a 2013 n/a

Integrated NCD plan 2019 under development 2019 0.9

NCCP (including cancer types) 2019 n/a 2019 0 cancer(s)

MPOWER measures fully implemented and

achieved 2018

1

Pathology services 2019 generally not

available

Cancer management guidelines 2019 yes 2019 generally not

available Palliative care included in their operational,

integrated NCD plan 2019 no

2015-2017 23

Breast cancer screening program 2019 no

*Defined daily doses for statistical purposes (S-DDD) per miliion inhabitants per day Breast cancer screening program: Starting

age, target population 2019

n/a

GLOBAL INITIATIVES

Elimination of Cervical Cancer Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer

HPV vaccination programme coverage 2018 n/a 2020 1525

Cervical cancer screening 2019 no Early detection programme/guidelines 2019 no

Screening programme type 2019 n/a Defined referral system 2019 no

Screening programme method 2019 n/a

Screening participation rates 2019

Early detection programme/guidelines 2019 no

Defined referral system 2019 no

***The mortality estimates for this country have a high degree of uncertainty because they are not based on any national NCD mortality data

Annual cancer cases (0-14 years old) Palliative care availability:

community/home-based care 2019 generally not

available Available staff in Ministry of Health who

dedicates significant proportion of their time to cancer

# of medical physicist^a

Early detection programme/ guidelines for 4 cancers (breast, cervix, colon, childhood)

Cancer Country Profile 2020

PBCR

2019 1.8

FORMULATING RESPONSE

# of external beam radiotherapy (photon,electron)^a

GHANA

n/a

Annual cancer cases (0-14 years old) Bone marrow transplantation capacity

# Public cancer centres per 10,000 cancer patients

# of treatment services (surgery,

radiotherapy, chemotherapy) 2019 0 Availability of opioids* for pain

management Availability of population-based cancer

registry (PBCR)** 2019

170 80

106 48 76 120 925

Acute lymphoid leukaemia Hodgkin lymphoma Burkitt lymphoma CNS, low grade tumours Retinoblastoma Wilms tumour Other childhood cancer