• Aucun résultat trouvé

Kernel methods and scale invariance using the triangular kernel

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Partager "Kernel methods and scale invariance using the triangular kernel"

Copied!
29
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)Kernel methods and scale invariance using the triangular kernel Hichem Sahbi, François Fleuret. To cite this version: Hichem Sahbi, François Fleuret. Kernel methods and scale invariance using the triangular kernel. [Research Report] RR-5143, INRIA. 2004. �inria-00071440�. HAL Id: inria-00071440 https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00071440 Submitted on 23 May 2006. HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés..

(2) INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE. Kernel methods and scale invariance using the triangular kernel Hichem Sahbi — François Fleuret. N° 5143 March 2004. ISSN 0249-6399. ISRN INRIA/RR--5143--FR+ENG. THÈME 3. apport de recherche.

(3)

(4)  

(5)   !"#$&%'(  #$')% *   +,.-0/13254#67/98,;:=<?>?@A67BC=DE,GFH>!I.13J@K1=LM: NOQP$RTbkRS^mU)l=VXSKnKjpWZoQY3cg[\SKYQ]_YQ^=qK`aSK[_nKbdc=jQYe`c=OQYQc=YiR ^mbrRTn_n\S$^gfGYiR`^gSAn`hOibdYQS=j s?]\cgtuS[ Wuvxwzy{Wu| }~^mi€c=][~o‚S"]_SK`hOQSK]_`hOiSƒY7„† ‚‡Kˆ=U‰VXvŠ^g]_`hOx‹mŒ=ŒmˆV‹g Ži^glgSKn i™›œec=žk]^g#]z‘Kn\œQ’$™›œQ“0QY€”Q7•g`acg[\’g]\bk–˜[cgYŸ=— SK]_`SšS[\™›™›cgS$c‚]]_`]_Rœ€SKnoT^gbk`h[_YHOQc bk[_YQ^=OQSKnzbrn!n[_OQ¦.i§‚S!^m¨{7[\]_vªS$bk]^g©YQcg^mYelgY€œi[\oTžkOQ^gS˜[\]zOQn\ gS˜`KSK^m]\`žkYiœiSšS$]\žGbk]_Yp¡S$ŸMY3N^g[zOi]\«brS!^mcgY€n]_[\` ŽœiSšoQbrcgn¢H™^mbd gYHY‰SK]\S$£dYi‡$¬p¤¥S$[\ž7S$]\Y€SKR €nbkS$c=cg[\]YOQ[_c‚SK™›oeoQc=]nn_`$n\œiœQ^gn\ždQbkS{YQ7lŽbdcgYp]\^ŽŸ0[^miŸ=]_^mbrSK^m]\`[\Yi[\brcg`$`aS]f ]_ =S$S$l=]_]\YQSAS$n\ž¥n\RTbkcgY­S$[\OQ¦.§pc‚¨!oQn~}š^g©~Yi^goYiox«S" gSKbkžk]\ždYiœiS$nž9[\]hQ^0]_[_bkS"Yi`^mbkYii^g^mždž#¢3`[\c=br`$R ^gžd7žk¢cgYi[_S$OQY3S)[{n_^m`$Y€^mžk^mS˜žk¢pbdYpn\brŸ0n^m¦¯]_®˜br^msYi`$°S!|!cg©a™¡E[_±#OQbdS˜]hnu[\[A]hj€^m«bkYQSbkYQ]_lTS$ŸpQbkS$]_cp«²`$SK[\n_OQnSASAnn$S ¡ ™›w?^gc=Yi¬p]\o7RS$]\^g]_SAYibk`R `cgSSKl=Y3YQbkY [_bd[\n~bk]_cg^gSKY9]\^mS"¡ žz`ic=^0Yi[\o‚[\S$œi]_`Y³[\SA]_oSK`bkYŠc=lgn\YQS$bdŸg[\SKbkcg]_Y­^gž¥Q`$]_^gcgn\´iSKn ždSKn\RTOQn)c0« bdY€bkYQ`žkl œio‚[\OQbkYQSlªn_`$n\^gOižd^mS"7bkSeYpŸ0o‚^mSA]_n\bk`$^g]\Yibk‚`S˜[\bk^mcgYiYoj™¯[_^=OQ`SSelgoQcpSc‚[\oSA`a€[_bdSKc=]Y f µxoQSK¶3n_`·E]_¸_bd¹)‚[_º bdc=“0Y9»#jp‘g™¯– ^g`$§3S"[_o‚^m[\Sbr[_nuSK[_`abk[_`Kbd^mc=ž3YxždSA^m^mYi]_YQobkYQ]\SAli`jMc= glgSKYQ]\bdYi[\S$bkcgžgY9RT¡ S$[\OQc‚oQnKj0n\`K^mžkSf;bdYpŸ0^m]_bk^gYi`S=j[_]\br^mYQl=œQžr^m] =S$]_YQS$žGjMnOi^g€S. ¼?½›¾"¿7À#½ÂÁ‰ÃÄuÅ.Ä\ÆhǯÈ;ÉÊ#ǯËaÌMÍAÎr½›Ï#Ã9½ÂÁ. Unité de recherche INRIA Rocquencourt Domaine de Voluceau, Rocquencourt, BP 105, 78153 Le Chesnay Cedex (France) Téléphone : +33 1 39 63 55 11 — Télécopie : +33 1 39 63 53 30.

(6)  #  %  !"#$ "    

(7) 

(8)  % % #)'%# qAoi`h^mOQ Yi‘S$n žkžk£kS ‡a¤EoQ `Scg3– Y€œQ`°SKS$ž]_SŽ3YQœQ]hS^mSAžn#Q bk7R YpcgŸMq$]\^g[\[!]\OQbr`$c‚^mcgo‚Y€Y3SA`[\nSbkS${iY3^mYQ[!]zc0œQ¢=qKYQ`h^gSOQœ‚SK¬qžd[\žkS$S œ€Y o‚€œ‚Sc=[\œQ^mbkžk]?Yibkn_žk^gSK^mždn†Y3¢3[†[\RbœQ3^=YTœQ`hS)OQYQbdc0S$Yi[!¢=SK^gnS$œŽ¬‚˜ €o‚Ÿ=qKbdSK[]\`abk[\RT[_]_S$bkS$œQ^gY3]hYQ[_n†lg^go‚œiždSS~žk^gn\o‚bd]_œQSŽSgQ¡ž7 bdcgYp]\Ÿ0q$[_[\^mn~œi]_¦GbkoQ^g§pS Yi¨{R`v‰SŽSK©†YQiq$^mSS[] `$¦.®˜S[\s]h°^MŸ0|{^m©bkž3¡QSA|~nu[?œ œio‚YQq$S €^mS¬p]\[K[\jpSKYicgYn\bdc=]_Y^gQ7€cgSKœiž7]†`$žkSK^˜n]_RTq$l=q]\[_SAOQn\c‚n\o‚bdc=SKYenŽ¦.§‚YQ¨{c0}š¢=^g©œ‚S$¬[zžS [^gYicg^mYežk¢‚bkžknždSœinS$[\Y]_S!`c=ž RTbdYp€Ÿ0c3^mn\]_^gbr^mY=Yi[_`$SKSšnQi]_^gbk]Yi`qAbk`hiOQ^mS$žkžkSKždSn l=i q$]_ž YQ^m ^m[\qKbbr]_=o‚^gœiS{ždbrSKn_oQn^0œH[\S$bkYYQcgc0Y!]\¢=SAS^g`[œ c=ž YQ [\bdYi]_Ypbk^mŸ0^gbr^mYQn_]_n\lgbr^g^mœQYiYižr^m``$S!bkS†]_Sgo‚i¡"SK^mnš!]™›qKYQc=`hSš]\OQRTq$SK[\ždSKžkœiS†noQ€[_SšS$c=žrSœQn#¬‚]37oQœQq$SK]_S˜nbdRTžkoQ^TcgSKo‚Y=YQSA[hYQ^mn\qK`$žkSKS~]\nbkRT‚n[\¢pcgbkY3cgY3[\Y [\OQ]_q$S~o‚[\SAžkbnSK3 nœQ™›cgSK´€]_nc=R SYQ[SAYQn$7SAj‚nzcgžrœQ^7]#S$o‚]\o‚q™›SKcg[_nSK]_R`aQ[_]_bd^mcgc=Yi´QY `$žkSKP$SRTn?[ o‚SKžk^Sn ]_SK`$cgYQY€^mbrn\n_^mYi`$S{o‚SAnŸpbkn_^ml=SKnK¡ [_$ ]\br^mº Yi’Alg‘ ¸œQ• žr^m%  bk]\‘S=j‚– o‚SK|šn_`Q]_QbdQ]_[\S$bkY3cg[\Y brn_n\o‚^gSKlgnS"™›c=nu]\[hRT^0[_SKbknnK[\jQb3o‚œQq$[\SgSKj€`R [\bkcgq$[\YOQSc‚[~o‚SA]_SKn`$ cgYQYiYic0^g¢=bk^mn_œQn_^m¬EYij‚`$bkS{YpŸ0o‚^mSA]_n bk^gŸpYibk`n_^mS"l=iSK^gnK]~¡ qK`hOiS$žkždS=jQYQc0¢=^gœ.

(9)  

(10)  !"$#%'&(

(11)  )

(12) *!%&"#+"-,.. U. )) # ) # 021 3 ’K“ º "» #•m’4 º 3 5 6 µx¶ “ 3 ¶ %  ¶ 8’ 7 º »#‘ ‹Q‹Q¡d¡ ‹‡ N§‚œQ]h^mQbk7YQcgbdYi]\[~lTŸg^gSKYi`o[\c=lg]S$`$YižkS$^=]hn\^mn\žkbb;€:A`$^0^m[\[\bkcgbkcgY Y9jp¡"]_S$¡"lg]_¡!SK¡"n_n\¡˜bdc=¡"Ye¡˜^mYi¡"o¡" =¡˜S$]_¡"YQ¡˜S$žE¡"s¡!°¡"|¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡!¡!¡"¡"¡¡ 9< ‹Q‹Q¡¡ ‹Q‹Q¡d¡ ‹‡ §p§pœQœQQQ77cgcg]\]\[ [ ŸgŸgSKSK``[\[\c=c=]~] ]\`SKžr^glgn_]_nSKb n_;€n`$bkcg^mY[\bkcgYŠ¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡!¡!¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡!¡!¡"¡"¡¡ <= ‹Q¡ ‹Q¡ U ®˜S$]_YQS$žEs°| ¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡"¡!¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡!¡"¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡"¡!¡"¡ > ?A@ •g” % ¶ 4 3B ”Q“ 4.” 3 • ¶ UiUi¡d¡ ‹‡ N§Q`$Oi^mS˜žkbk[\YQ]_lTbk^gcmYQ™#lg[\œQOQžr^mS˜][_]\ =brS$^m]_YQYQl=S$œQžžr¡"^m]¡˜ g¡"S$]_¡˜YQ¡"SKžƒ¡"¡!¡!¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡!¡!¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡!¡!¡"¡"¡¡‡ACDŒ Ui¡ U WZYpŸ0^m]_br^mYi`$S ¡!¡"¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡"¡!¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡!¡"¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡"¡!¡"¡‡AŒ 5 ( ˆ€ ¡d‡EFE %!ˆ€§Q4.•g¡d`$‡=”‚^m¡džk’‡ S˜4 º bdYp3 NŸ0‘ ^mOQ]_S"br^m`hYiOQ`$SKSn_nu¡"f;´7¡"c=^m¡˜]h¡"o ¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡!¡!¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡!¡!¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡!¡!¡"¡"¡ ¡0+‡M‡M6 ‹‹ ¡‡‡M<‹ ˆ€¡ ‹ ˆ€ˆ€G!¡d¡ SK‹Q‡=YQ¡¡d‹‡ S$]h^mžk|~§pHb :KOižd^0[\^mS$[_7bd]_c=S"YiY ^mo‚[\SKbkn_YQ¡"`l]_¡"bk`‚¡˜bk[\]_bk`$¡"cgždSAY¡˜n ¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡"¡"¡!¡!¡!¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡!¡!¡!¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡"¡"¡!¡!¡!¡"¡"¡"¡ ‡‡ <= ˆ€ˆ€¡¡ ‹Q‹Q¡¡ U‹ Iš±i^g^m`$Y€S"o‚o‚« S]\[_bdSK[[_`aS$[_bdY c=Y `hOi^m¡˜]h^g¡"`[\¡˜SK]¡"]_¡"SK`$¡!cg¡"l=YQ¡˜b [_¡"bdc=¡˜Y ¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡!¡!¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡!¡!¡"¡"¡ ¡ ˆ€¡ ‹Q¡ ˆ ±i^g`$S˜]\SA`cgl=YQbd[\bkcgY ¡"¡˜¡"¡"¡!¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡!¡"¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡"¡!¡"¡ ¡‡‡>D 9KJL4¯‘A • #‘K‘ 4 º 3 Q Q¡d¡ ‹‡ Wu§‚oQcmSK™Â[~^mž¥RbkYp^mŸ0]_^mlg]_bkYbk^gY=¡"[¡˜[_]_¡"^gbd¡"YQbk¡˜YQl¡"n\¡˜S["¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡!¡!¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡!¡!¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡˜¡"¡"¡"¡"¡!¡!¡"¡"¡¡ 6 ‹g‹gM ŒŒ Q¡ U NOiS`cgY€o‚b [_bdc=YYpœQRŽ´€SK] ¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡"¡!¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡!¡"¡˜¡"¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡˜¡"¡"¡!¡"¡ ‹=‹ NAO º 3 • % #8‘ 4 º 3 6P6 /. ÃÃRQS TUWV X.

(13) ˆ. 8  #+ 

(14). Ž %z  ^brg n_RTnœiœQ]šQSždo‚SAcmnšS ™~;€« YQbkYpbkb žk[_ŸMžbd^gc=žk]\SKY br^M^mŸ=cmY€S"™†`bdS[\YpOQŸ0bkSŽY ^m]_]\RbrSA^mn^gYi7`h`$cgOQS!Y€bkYQRTnSSHSAcg^mžkSK™Yi^gn^T]\Yi[_[_Oibd]_YQ^0^glª[!bdYQ^mOiSAQo^gQnŽ™›žkœQ¢p´€YibdSKYi`S$lH[\Y³bkcg^ [hY‰^g[\`h]hcg p^mYxYižkSKn[_o³™›OQcgSK´p]_n\R¢³S)^0nS$[\SK¬‚bkŸgcg^gSKYRT]_^gQcgžzYždSA^mnš[_œ‚]_œi[_^gOQYibdYQcg`hbk]hOiYQn^mlYibkY³lg^mSKY€[_^goOQ´QS[\žkSgSK =¡šnS$[~N]_SYQOQ¬pS$S f ž RR^=^m[\`hbkOQcgbdYiYin˜Sš£`U‚c=jQR ˆgRŽ¤G¡ œQYQbd[u¢ ™›cg]zžkc‚`$^gž€bkYpŸM^g]\br^mY€`S"£ ‹M¤¥^mYioRTc=]\S~l=S$YQSK]_^gžQžkbdYQSA^m]^mYioYicgY‚f;ždbkYQSA^m]?[_]_^gYin™›cg]\f žrŸp^mbk]_S$lg« WZbkYxYQbkYQl"Rl [_^mOQ`YpcgS"¢Y€no‚Hb i:$b [_^0S!bd[\c=cm[\YiS$™n]_[\YxOQ£ 0S!]_¤GSK¡[\`]hc=£^mˆglgbk¤?YQYQbkbdbdYQY3[\bk[_lTcg]\Yc‚nS$o‚Q[œi]_^g`$cgYiSK´QoŠoHžkS$[\´pROQ¢HnKSTji^gRTbkoiYpo‚SŸMbd[_^gYiOQ]\lŽc‚br^moªbkY€Yi`cgnS![_™^m[\¨!Y€c`§‚SK[_¨ n]_^gcgYi¦›™9Ÿpnbd[\™›]\cg]h[\^m]_œ€RTbk^mYQž†^mbkYQ[\nlŽbkœicgQYiS$¬Q€n^mc=brRT]nš["^=QŸ=`hžkSKOQSKn`abdSK[_bdŸgcgY SA]hn_oo‚©~ b 7´p« ¢SKOQ]\SKS$br`hY=Y‚O [f `$n\œQcgYiQ7n\brcgo‚]\S$[˜]hn{ŸgSK[\`Oi[\^mc=[)]_nK^ej7[_n\]_c^gbYi[˜n™›bkcgn!]_bkRTY3[\^mS$[\]_bkSKcgnY [\bk^mYQQlQ[\žkcbkSKo‰^mQ[\icŠžd¢xoQ^m^e[_^[\]h™¯^m^mYi]˜n™›™›cg]_]_cgRR ^0[\[\bkOQcgSYªRcgYQ^mžk]_¢ lgbkcgY YŠ« [_bdOQžkž?SžkSKnœi^MŸgQSŽ€c=[\]Oi[˜S$R ŸgSA`aYi[_cgcgY‚]hnf [_bkbkYªYp]_^gŸ0c=^mbdYi]_]_oQbdbkYQ^gS$lTYi]{`^ [\S=c¡ YQ´QS$N«²œQOQbkžk`bro nžr^g^Qn_n]_n\b c‚;iS`[˜SKSK]cmn_c=n™Ye¨!cm™![_§pOQ¨ŽbdbkYin~¡ `$YQ]\I~SAS$^gSK« Yin\bd`YiS$S=YQlªj9žr^m^g[_]_OQoQlgSxo‚SAbkoHYQnHb l:$nS$S [\[KOQjQcmbr™!Rn"[\^gn\OiS gS[!SKn[\[_c]_bd[ ^g[\bd€OQYic3STbdYQn\n\cgl­bd]_´ibkQždlgS!]_bkcgYi[\´i^mcždž#SK^=nR&`hœQOQibdR€SKŸgc=^mSš] g[˜SA[\OQnŽŸgS"SA[\`aOQS$[\S¬pc=7]_G!n!SK`]h^m[\^mY€SAR oo RoQS$^m]_[\žd¢p]_b bk¬eYQl l=]\3c0œi« ^=bko‚YQ]hl ^0[\=brœ€`!^gQo‚]_]hcg^0lg[_]hbk^m`K^mRTžkždRT¢bk« YQl)bd[\OQ]_]_cgSK´in\žd€SKSAR `a[R[\cT^M¢H[_OQ´€SS"nbkbHY3:$[\S˜]h^gcg`™[_[\^mOi´iS˜ždS=[\¡ ]h^mbkYQbdYilTn\S[Ajin\cTn\cgžkŸpbdYil)[_OQS"œQY‚f cgbkYQY3SK[_oS¬pR[š^gcm™z`hOQn\bkœQYQQS{7[\cgcT]\[{´€S"Ÿ=SKbk`Yp[\Ÿ0cg^m]!]_bk`^gžrY=^g[n_n[\b c;€`K[\^0Oi[\S˜bkcg[_Y³^m]_¦Glg§pS$¨{[\SAvªo©[\j]h^m£ <iY€j nu=K™›c=¤]\bkRY=[_^0]\[_c‚bdc=o‚YHœ€`´pSK¢eoª^g^oiRTo‚bdSYi[\l Oicp^goY [_c=cT][_S$OQWZY‚cgYx™›l=c=[_cg]_OQYi`$STSš^gždn\[_bd^g[uOQ¢ŠR S![_SŽ[\S$]h`]_^mR iRŽ]\œic=`h´QO­ždSK^gR n˜¡7Nc=n_OQnSebk´Qžkžk^mSŽ[\S$[_c] bdY³;i[\OQYi[_SHoQOQnoQSbd[\]_cgOQSK´‚Se`tu[\SAYQbkcg`acg[\Y ]_bkRŸgcmSH™^mž?™›[\œQOQcgYiST™`a[_[_[_bdOQ]_c=^gSY Yin\nucgS$™›€c=™ ]\^m[\R]hOQ^0S^m[\[\bknYQbkcgœil YªQ€Opbk¢pY­c=€][cgSK]h]Ÿgo‚f;SAQS$`ažr]!^m[\c=Y­[_cx])« RlgOQœi^gbr^g`h`h]_O³Oi^gbdY=YQbkn)[_SS$cgS RT]\[\^ bdOQYQc=YQbkRTlgS$cgl=b:AY€ždbk^0^mlg[_ž?bkbd´Qc=^gžkY Sn `hO€^mYQl=S{bkY[\OQS"Ÿ0^mžkœQS˜cm™#[\OiS`žr^gn_nb;€`$^m[\bkcgYe™›œQYi`a[_bdc=Y9¡  [_=bkS$`$]_STYQ®˜S$S$SKž Ÿg]\SK^=YQY‚`hSKfGOQžk[\n{bdOQSK^mc=Ÿg]_œQSASnlgO‰S[_¬Q]_b ^g`$[hS$Yin"žknždbdSKžrY ^0Y=;i[_[hbdYQn c=bdY9[\[_STc3j?c=]_¨{žkcmn~°z[h™›^0f;cg[\oQ]{bkbdcgRTbdY YiS$`$Y€bdcgYpn]_Ÿ0bk€cg^mc=Y]_]_br^m^m£ >iYi[\bk j`$YQSDMl¤;^g¡TbkYiY3No Ÿ0^gOibd]\bk[Hbrn"^mbkYi =nTS$`$]_SiYQ]\£S$c0<mžŸ=¤G¡!SKbrn˜o­NYQOQ[_cmc S[«7n_`$S$S$^g]\žkž#™›ždcgS n]_[\bdR œ€Ypo‚Ÿ0«^mbdSA]_S$o bržk^mž Y3G˜bd[˜Y^mœ€^gQYin\n\]ho bk^g^g`ab Y [f ]_bkYQS lŽ3œQ[\bkcT]_SK^)n†l=^"bdŸ=`$^gS$YH]\S$i™›œQ]\žQc=SA´inu^m[_´QbdRbkžkb ^0[u[_¢bdc=o‚YTbrnucm[_]\™¥bkb´Q[hœ‚n?[_œQbdc=Y€Y9o‚¡†S$]_Nžd¢pOQbkbrYQnl[_^gn_`$n\ T^mžkSbkniœi^mn\]hœi^m^gRTždžkS$¢H[\S$^g]`hOQ™›c=bkS$]Ÿ=n_SK^moRTSKQb [_žkSKOQnS$]l=S$´pYQ¢SK]_RT^m[\bdYiSKoTbdRT^=bH`$:$`bkYQc=l]_o‚^ f iŸ0^g]\SAždbro‚oQbk^0`[_[\bdbkc=ŸgY9S!¡†´€Nc=œQOQYiS˜oežk^mcg[\YSK][\`$OQcgS!Yilgn\SKbrnuYQ[hS$n]hbk^mYžkb :A[\^0]h^m[_bdbkc=YQYHbkYQS$l ]_]\n\c=S$Ÿ=]zS$cg]h™^m[\ž€Oi[\S{bkRT]_SKS$žrn ^0^T[_SK`oežr^g`$n_žkn^=b n\;in\SKb ;i]S$« ]!bd[\£d‡AOxŒ‚j¥o‚ b‡g 7‡gSKj¥]\‡ASK‹AY3¤¥[cg€]^m´p]h^m¢HRT`S]_[_c=S$n_]hnnf [_^g]_Yi^go­bdYiSKbdYQn[\lTbkRQ]_^0cg[_´ibdYQždSKlªRTb [hnnn\œilgSK`hYQOxS$^g]h^mnžk™¯bH^g:K^0`$S[_bdc=o‚Y‰S[_SKSK]\`]_[\cgbkcg])Y œi£dn‡AbkU‚YQj9lª‡$^ ˆm¤GŸ0j‚^g[_ždOQbrbroQn~^0`$[_bd^gc=Y Y 3nœQS$br[K`h¡  pžd

(15) š¢HS$l=ŸgSSK[ ][_cgOQœQS$[~žkSKcmn_™nKO€j^m™›c=Yi]o¥¡žk^g]\l=SHnbH:$S RTžkS$RS$[\NnKOQ¡ OQc‚oQbr nŽn#YQiœiS^mn\bd7`$Yi^mS$lš]ŽY [_bkOQnunŽ[hS^0^m[\[_Y ]_SŽbk^g^m[_YQOiY€lg^0^mœQ[žk¢=žr^mbd[_[bk]#`Kbr g^mn"SKž]\n^mYiœYiS$Ho­žp`$^mbdS$YiSK¬poŽY=7[˜bS$[h[_]_ncbkR ^m]_QSKSKQY3n_žk[_`$br^m^g`$ž^0ždST[_nubd[_^mc=œiYYo‚[_¢cgc!]_cmbko‚lg™š b bk EYin_S$`$^m]_^gž#S$žd[\Y3S]h[†^mbkYpibkYQŸM^0bk^g[\YQ[\]\l S$br^m]_nY€Y)S$`[˜]_SHSK« `$cgcgbd™ [\l=O­n\YQcgb ]_[_RTSKbdc=n\SH€Y =SAQS$`a]_[˜]_cgYQ[\´‚S$c fž [_bkYiOQnS[_^g]hYi^g`o‚Sbkœi£ n˜UM¤†cm™Q]_^ cg7´€c=c=n\œQSKYioxo‚n\bkYQœil`hOª´i^g^gYªždž?^mSKiYiQ`žk]\c=c3n\^gbkYQ`hOxle« [_OQOQSebr`hoQOª^m^=[_^`hOQbkbdY SKŸgc=SA]_n oQ[\S$Oi]!bkn![\cŠn\`K^=^m`hžkOQS)bdSKbkYpŸgŸMST^gn\]\`Kbr^m^mY€žkST`SbdYpbkŸ0YŠ^m[_]_OQbk^gSŽYi``$S=cg¡Y3[\±QS$¬3cg[] cg§‚™¨{nv œiQQ€]_c=c0]Ÿp[bko‚ŸgSASA`an[_[\cgOQ]Sš`$n_žk^m^=RTn\n\bS~;€n\`$cg^mžk[\œ‚bkcg[\bkY9cg¡Y N™›c=OQ]?S{o‚^gb œ‚ E[\S$Oi]_S$cgY3][zQ =]\S$c0]_ŸpYQbro‚S$žrSKnnbk`Yic=`Yižkœio‚o‚bd[\bkYQbkcgl"Yi]hnz^g[\o‚Oibr^m^m[ž‚´i^=~nbr^gnYi™›oœQY€`aš[\bkn\cgcmY€™Ân~[f;¦¯R} ^m]_±€lgbkn_Y © . . ½›Ï#Ã9½ÂÁ.

(16) .  

(17)  !"$#%'&(

(18)  )

(19) *!%&"#+"-,.. ^g^gYiYo ^gQ

(20) ~QSK]_œQc=]h^=^m`hž9OeYQbrS$n[u«YQcmc=[š]\ ‚n\n œQbdc=[_YŠ^m´i^TždS˜[\]hbkY^mbkYQc=bkYQYQS˜lHcmn\™Scg[{œQ^m][{io‚^mb 7[[_SKS$]\]_SKYY=[˜]_SKn\`$`Kcg^ml=žkSKYQnKb [_¡ bdc=— YeS)Q« ]_cgbkžk´ižždSKn\OQRTc0nK« ¡ bdY ˆi¡k‡g¡ ‹Ž[\Oi^m[{nœ€`hO bkn\YpœQŸ0Q^m7]_cgbkSK^g]\n\Yi["bro‚`ŸgSHSxSA`a[_cg]_[\™"c=^gYi]{n\œQn]_žrQS$^0l=7[_]\bdcgc=SA]\Y n\[en\bk^mŸ=cgYiSKY `ao [_¦Gcg§p]\]Hcg¨{[_R}š^0[_©!^=bdc=`hœ€OQY³nbdbkYibdYQYpSglŸ0j^m[\ g]_OQSKbrbr^m]\n˜YiYQ g`$SKSHžšSK]\QcmYi]_™ S$bkžGYi[_¡ŽOQ`bkSeWZiY ^m[_]\ž{br‹Q^m`j9Yicg«RTlgœQS 7žr^mcg]_]S$YQŸpSK =bdY3SKS$[«]_YQ^mS$[_YižGOQj^gSKžd«n\¢‚STSn\bk gnªnS$Oi]_¦¯c0®˜YQ« SKsž#°[_RTOQ|!SS$©H[\n\OQ`K^mc‚^mY€oQžko Sn [_i^gOQYi]\STc=o ´Qlg«ždSKSKSYQRS$o‚n$]hS$¡ ^mRTžk— b:Acg^0S"Y€[_nu™›bd[_c=c=]_ždYªžk^mc0[\7« S˜S$[\]\[_Oi™›OQcgS)br]_n~RTn\n`KSA^g^m`aYižkS"[_`bdSc=bdYpYcgŸ0Y­^m« ]_bdn\br[\^m¢3OŠYiY3`$[_^OQS"oQSbd[_bkY n_bk`Ž`œiUQ[\n_c0¡ n\¢ªbdNc=SY9OQ¬QjQS$^mY«RTjiS«Q`žkS)cgSKn˜Y€n`Oi^mžkc0Y€œi« oªo‚Sbkc=Y ^mY‰Y€]_o ˆSK^g«]_ž#bdS"l=€cgQ^0]_]_[cgc0[_œiS$Ÿpn]_bkoQY‰SKS!Ÿ0]_^mS$SKžk¬p`$œicg[\^0S$l=[_Y€YQbdc=nb [_bkYcgbdc=YicgY n™ ™›c=]™›œ‚[\œi]\S"«cg]_ bdY <Q¡ WZY [\OiSx]\SKRT^gbdY€o‚S$]Tcm™{br[\n!OQbr[\nOiSHi^gn€S$[SK]Kcmj™«^gS ždžzœi€n\c3Sn\n\[\bdOQ´iS ždS ™›c= ždžk c0«  ˜bkYQcml‰™[\YiOQcmSH[_^moQ[\^mbkcg[_^Yin bkY ¡HNOQSKn\So‚SKžr^mYQ´7cmS$[_žrSKn"n^m^g]_Y S  #+

(21)  ."^gYio [uoQ«bkn_ce`]_]hS^m[_Y€S o‚Ÿ0cg^gR ždœQSAŸ0n ^m]_bk^g´QžkSKn!nu[h)^mYi™›cgo‚]bkYQ`lžr^g]\n_SAn\bn;€7`KSK^0`[_[\bdbkc=ŸgY‰SKžd¢^mY€™›oªcg]!]_[_SKOQ^gS)ž#Ÿ0[_^g]_^gždœQbdYiSAbdn!YQ™›lcg]"S¬Q]_^gS$Rl=]\iSAždn\SAn\n{bdc=^gY9Yi¡ ox[_SOQ[ S$

(22) bk]˜žk^m^gYi´€oSKžkn˜^mY€´€o S ´€S^ [_]_^gbdYibdYQl!nS$[#l=S$YQSK]_^m[\SAo"b.¡ bG¡ o¦›bkYio‚S$7S$Y€o‚S$Y3[\žk¢)^gYio"bro‚S$Y3[\br`$^gždžk¢ oQ bk[_nOQ[\]_S$bd] ´iœ‚Yi[\cmSA[_oi^m©9[\bk^=cg`$Yi`nc=« ]_oQbkbdžkYQž¥l´€S"[_cšbkY3^ [\i]_cp^goQ][_œibk``$SAœQožk^g^=]n^mY€«o˜S"RTl=c ^M¢!^gžd´7c=SzYQœQl YQ[\ pOQYQ]_c0cg« œQl=Y"Oio‚]\c=b E´iS$^m]_´QS$bkY3žkb[š[u¢!nSAo‚`abk[_nbd[\c=]_Yibk´Qnœ‚cm[\™bkcg[\Y OQbrn i^g€SK]K¡ ¡ . . . . .

(23). 

(24).  .  .   . !#"%$'&)(+*-,-. 0/ *-,1.32 54 ". . 7616-6158:9. <; & 5 2.  

(25)  . = >@?0A. BCEDGF5HIF0HIJDGHIKJML+HNLOCPD Q5F3RSD'TEF3UMH. kb| ^gYQY`KlT`SKc=`RTc=]_o‚YiQbknbdYQ]_brnbrl˜`$[_^mn[_cŽž¥bdYL]_Nbrn;Qbk   3[\Oi[\!bkcgYQ^mYQlY€c0o^Ÿ [_]\^ ]_SK^glg3bdœQœiYižr^=bd^mYQo‚]_l]_Hb :K^mn\^0[\Sbr[_`š[ bdc=]_YxS$l=« ¦¯œQn\bS$žr[_^mS~O]_™›bc=^Ž:K]zS$™›] œQbkYiYin`[_[\^mbkY€cgY`S)£k‡A M¤Â©j=[_OQSšƒl=bdS$YYQSKcg]_]h^go‚ž€S$n][_[\^mcT[\S$RTRTbkSKYQY=bdRT[cmbH:$™9S"žkSK´7^gcm]\[_Y‚O f ¦u‡A©  ™› =c=S$]z]_YQn\cgS$žRTI~S bk;Qžd´7¬‚S$SK]\o [ni^=`S=¡Š¡#WZNY Oi[_S~OQS]\SK`Klg^gœQn\žrSH^m]_cmHb :$™šS$]n\œQŽQ`K7^mcgYT]\[Ž´7Ÿ=S SK`a[_cg] `žr^gn_nb ;€`$^m[\bk[\cgOQY S~YiHcg`K]_^mR Y bk´7YTS[\OQ^‰S~n ]_3S$œii^g]\c‚]\SAo‚o­œi`$ždbdc3Yin\l n ™›^gœiYiYio `a[_bdc=!Y cg[\OQSK]\« brn\Sg¡†N OQS"nc= ždœQ[\bkcgY Šcg™[\OiS^m´7c0ŸgS!Q ]\« c=´QOižkS$S$]_R S `K^mY e´€brn†S˜S « 3œi]_b ^g[\žp[\SK[\Y c ^=n˜£db‡ ™E<M[_¤ OQS ¦.‹g©  [_OQbr n bknH

(26) ™›cg ]Ha¡^­i^g][_bk`$œQžrbr^mn?]^˜Ÿgn\SA¢3`aRT[_cgRT]Scm[_]\™br`m`$j3c3`S c=HY=`[_bdbkYpS$Y3œQ[_c=n œincgY  ^mY€oŽ7c=]\n\S$bd[\™›bkS$Ÿg]_S~]\SAo‚o S;i[_YQc bd[\^gSnT™›œQ[_OQYiS`[\bk

(27) *cg Y9j3PbG¡ S='¡d& j bd =[S$]_n\YQ^mS$[\bržGWn¡†;€vŠSKnš^mYp[\OQ¢HS =vxS$]_SKYQ]_S$`$žrS$n]˜`$^g`cgYY€´7o‚S"b [_bdœic=n\YiSKnTo ¦¯£dn\‡ S$>‚SŽj¥™›8‡ cgD0]˜¤Gj‚bkYi[_OQnu[hS"^mRTYi`$c=Sn[~£k‡ nu=A[h¤Â^m©Yi¡)oQN^g]_OQobrn!´7™›S$œQbkYiYQ`alT[_bd[\c=OQY‰S brG˜n˜^g`œic=n_R nbrRT^mY‰c=YQ£ ‹gžd¢xŒM¤ `K^mžkždSAo !. WVXY[Z\ `_ &ba 6 a72 . ^]. ] &)! bV 2. & cfehg 2. j] &k! V 2M". |. lnm. dc_ &5a V a2. @_ &ba V a2 "ia V a. '_. ]. l. ,1o. qp / *-,1. sr4t_Yu & V &)( *-,-. 252wv WV V } & 6 2~". . &„(  († 2. ,M. s€. €. IV &)(y2{z. . w. l. . ,1o.

(28). @r4t_xu. & 6- (O*-,1.02. "‚& ƒ7616-61 l 2 € ‡‰€ ˆ<. t. ÃÃRQS TUWV X. g.

(29) <. 8  #+ 

(30). ¯¦ U=© S$NoQ¬‚bdOiRT€Sxc=S$YQY€iS$n^mY3bk]hcg[\^mYibrRT^m^gžžšS´€[_n\S$SKi] Oi^g^M`$ŸgSŠSAbdn Ybkn^m[\žk^mOiR žrbknnc3c nu =[~^gS$ždžk]_RTbkYQYQc3S$SKž nu^g[e]\bržknH¢ežkbkYQo‚^mSKbkY€]_^gSKo ]e`a[_b ^m[{žd¢Yi`Ko ^m]\SKY œ€žk^mn´7SK[\S)SKždSAo nn\Oinª[\c0c £d« ‡AYeŒM¤G¡[_Oi ^0' [~&gY ¡ [_OQ[_W;SOQ™!S‰Qbd]_[H`$cmcgbrtunY3SA[\`ac0]h[_Ÿg^mbdc=SK]_Y¢g]\SAjbknuY3« [_[\bdOQRcSK^0[_Y OQ[_SKS"œQo¥YiOQjzo‚bk[\lgSKOQO‚]S ff SAn\S$nu[_Y€bdnRbd[\^mbkŸg[\SKS"o9[_j?ce[\YQOic=Sebkn\™›¢œQY€[\`a]h[\^mbkbkcgYQY bdYižrl^g`hoQ ‚^mnT[_^Š^mYp¦.`a¢­™u¡-]\SK;ilglgœQœQžr^m]_SŽ]_b:A‹=^0©a[_¡!bdc=§‚Y³S$Ÿg€SKc0]_^g«žS$RT]Aj?Sbd[_[TOQc‚brn{oQn{t^mOil=^MlgŸgSKSo ´7^mS$YiSKo Yªbdo‚]_SK]_S$ŸglgS$œižkcgžk7^g]KSKjoŠOQbdbkYŠlgOQc=žk]¢ f oQS$]#[\c!SKn[\bkR^0[\S^mY cgQ[\bkRT^gž jgnc{[\O€^0[#[\OQS« OQc=ždSQ]_cp`$SKn_n«cgœižko)´€SbkY3Ÿ0^g]\br^mY3[[_c"n\`K^mžkbdYQlŽ£d‡AŒ‚jg‹mŒ0¤G¡ . >@?>. 6+* 6+*!0. U~C  T `L†T. &)(  (k2h"(  a ( .   

(31). ( a. U~CSQ0DxFyD'TEF3UMH N  CELOJ~CPL!YF0UMH.  º “M’ B ¶ •m’ º “• %.”Q‘K‘4 •g”Q’84 º 3. @ FEFE. G!bkŸgSKY^˜[\]h^mbkYQbkYQlnS$[. DGHIK#"~L+CPHNL+Q%$'&)(. -,. /. =j0[\OQS{´i^gn\br`[\]h^mbkYQbdYil «. Q O K S \ ]  S _ [ Q O š S  ` r ž g ^ _ n † n r ž m ^ 7 ´ $ S r ž  n _ [ g ^ g  . S Q ´ k b i Y g ^ \ ] Ž ¢ M Ÿ g ^ d ž i œ K S n 1 0 cg´€™)^mžr§p^m¨{Yi`$vŠSKn¥n‰[_OQ£ ‹‚S‡aS$¤!RTbknHQbk[\]\c br`$^g;iž=Y€]_o bkn\ ˜^³^mRYio^mQ[\OQiSbdYQlgl S$YiS$]h^mžkb:A^0[\bkcgY"SK]\]_cg]A¡ ^g— Yio OQSK^³Y[\Ÿg]hSA^m`abk[_YQcgbk]HYQlšcgS$™˜¬Q€^m^mRT]h^mQRTžkSKSn[_^gS$]\]hSn ždbkYQSA[_^mOi]_^0žd¢ [ n\n\S$œQ€´‚^mtuSA]h^m`a[´Qžk[\Sgcjg[_§pOQ¨!S{v ™¯^g;i`a[YioQ[\O€n?^0^˜[zn\[_S$]_i^g^gbdYi]_^mbdYQ[\lŽbkYQSl!¬QO3^m¢pRT7QS$žk]?SKinžkcm^g™Y oQ3b2 ES$4 ]_6S$5 Y34 8[7 `$žk^=n\nžr^m ´7S$« žrnzOQžkbrbd`hS{OTbdYRTo‚^mb ¬‚ 7bdSKRT]\bHSK:$Y=SK[n#n[_brOQo‚S SAnzRcg^m™9]_[\lgOQbkY S Ÿ[_0`$OQžk^g^=S]\n\brn\^m`$b´Qcg;€žkYi`$SK^mnn[\[\:<]hbkcg^m; Y­bkY3[)™›œQcg;YiY­ `[\[_bkOQcg=Y9S ; ¡ nSKWZiY ^g^m]\]h[_S~^0OQ[_SoQbdc= S `$;iY ^gYQn\cgSASH™ o« [\^gOQOQnSSK[_Y OQoQSš^0[_[hOQ^g^QSeR ¡ [_c=]_I~œQ^gY3S$bdYiY€[?bd`´pYQSg¢Žl‰j« ™›nc=S$OQ]Ž[ br`h^ brO n);Q[\Yi]h¬‚cm^mSK[ŽbkoYQžkbkbk>YQYQl"SK^gS]\¬Qžk^m‰¢³RT^mnQSKYižkio SK^mn?]hbd^mY ´Q7@žkSg?B+j ŸpA9\bkcgnžržr^g[\^0OQ`h[_ SS l=S$YQSK]_^gž7™›cg]_R cm™#[\OQS"œiYio‚S$]_žk¢3bkYQlTRTbdYibdRTHb :K^0[_bdc=Yi]\c=´QždSKR brn vŠbdYQbkRTb :KS E2  F>HG ; JI%K C 32 65 =; D ¦›ˆ3© œiYio‚S$] !. (. Z. ". /. ~/ *-,1. ". V } &)(y2. &. . €.  w2.  jˆ. "& ƒ7616-61 l 2. !. z. g. 7. &. .  ƒ 2M". a a. . . ,. / *-,-.. ;. 324. ( *1,-.. F5. .  . PO. . ,.

(32). nL;. . ,. z. gENM4. i]\c=´Q!{ždnSKbkR YQl brn ^mlg]h^mYilgSŽ[\OQSKcg]_¢ £ ‹=‹pj#‹gUM¤;jbd[Ž`$^gY­´€SHSA^gn\bdžk¢‰n\OQc0« Y £ ‹Q‡a¤z[_Oi^0[)[\OQSeoQœi^mž†™›c=]\Rcm™[\Oibkn O O vŠ^m¬pbkRTb :KS O ,. z. g. 7.  & 2. œQYioQS$] €. ". . €. ,. , gTS  ,. D. ,. €. €. SU>. , € / *-,1. " ,. , €. / *-,1. / * .EQ)(O*1,-.  (O* .6R. ¦. g©. g. ½›Ï#Ã9½ÂÁ.

(33)  

(34)  !"$#%'&(

(35)  )

(36) *!%&"#+"-,.. =. O. k[_bIšRT]_S$^gQ]_bdYiSžkbkbd`$YQQ b [_lTžd¢T`$^gRYe^m´7QS˜7R SK€oQoHSKS$]bdYQ™›Y3c=cg[\]\c[\RTSK^"nSKoOQ^mbkYtulgœiOenbkYQ[oQYQ´pbdRTSK¢]eS$]_Y€QS$nQ]_bkc‚žrcg^go‚Yi`$œi^gbd`Yiž[Kl) ¡ [_OQ

(37) š

(38) *S˜#+cg bdY-YQYi žkS$bdYi].SKQ^m]_]_Ÿ3cpžk¢broQ^œin\^)`aS$[iRTbd^gY^g]_Q^g[\´QQOiždbkS˜SYQl"^g[_´€]_™›œQc0^gŸ=bdY€YiSš`abd[\YQS bkl=cgYœ€oQ^0 ^0[\bk[hcg^ Y`$¡z« ^g§pYb [_¨{O´€v ^S Q =R ¡ 7c=n\bd[\bkŸgS"o‚S ;€YQb [_S" gSK]\YQSKž  6+* 6+* 6 @ FEFE º “M’ B ¶ •m’ º ““ ¶  “ ¶ ‘K‘ 4 º 3 §‚œQo‚QSK7Ÿpcgbk^m]\[\[zbkcgŸgYTSA`a™›[\]_c=cg]?R ]_S$[\lgOQ]_S!SKn_¢3n\fGbdžrc=^mYT´7S$`$žrcgn?Yicgn\™¥brnu[\[hOQn†S{bdY [\]h;i^mYibkYQo‚bkbkYQYQl)l)oQ^˜^m™›[_œi^iYi¡#`aWZ[_YHbdc=[\YeOQS!^gn ždbk€YQ^0SA[^m]^gn†`K^g7n\c=Sgn_j=n[\bkOQ´QS!žkSš]_« S$lgOQ]_brSK`hn_On\bdOic=^=Y)nz™›œQ^0[Y€`aR [\bkc3cgnuY [. bkn~lgbkŸgS$Y´p¢ Q-2 R F5 2 7 5 7 !¦ <=©  [_]_NcxSKOin\œQS[\Oižd[\OpSHbk¢pYQ™¯€lT^gSK`bd][)Yf;Q[_[_žrOiOQ^m^0S!YQ[S ™›cg[_2OQžkždSec0« bknŽ¢3bkf;YQ™›žkcg^glœi´€`YiSKc=žko n)Yinu´pcm[_™ ¢³]_^g[_bdRTOQYiSSKbkYQoH[\bd]hRTRT^mHbbkbk:$YQYQbkbkYQbkYQR l lªbH:K[\oQ^mOQ^m[\S [_bkcg^Šw?Y œ€^gQ]\`Se]_žkbkcgo‚bd´QYSAžk^mS$^xYR [\YQœQcg´7]_SeRcg]\™SK]hlg^gœQoQžr^mbdœi]_nHb :$S$ ] ^gE]\2c=œQYio nœQ´QtuSK`a[ j vxbdYibdRTHb :$S E2  > C -2 5 =; ; ;. D  *¦ =m©. Q-2 R )5HS ;.

(39) œQYio‚SK] Q-2 R 5 S ;. ; 8;. S$Ÿ0Iš¬Q^gS$]\^m]_brRTS^m´QQ> žkžkSKS n ; c= bk] n; ; c=œ‚[_brn\n˜; bk oQYQS{cg[br[_nTOQ:KS{^ŠS$]_[\ci7œQ¡ŽS$´7YiS"W;^g["bdž Y[u`K¢­^mcgY‰[_YQS$S˜´€]_RSHn\bko‚n\« OQS!c0OQcg« bk] `hY O^gYQ£ RT‹0cmˆm[_SK¤†OQ^gS$[\n\]OiœQ^mo‚]_[!SKS$n)7[_OQS$[\Y€OQSo‚Sxo‚bdYiœi^glR^gžc=c=™›YeœQcgY3]_« [ŽR OQcgbrcm`h™š™zOe« [_cgOQOQ™brbr`hn"[_OOQ`S!cg^ªY€[u«nu[\[_]hc ]_^m^gbknYQbdžrYQ^gbdYiSA`ho l RTbkYQbkR Hb :K^m[\bkcgYQ]_cg ´QžkS$R `$cg]_]\SAn7cgY€oQn[\c [\OQS˜™›c=ždžkc0« bkYQl =œ€^go‚]h^0[_bk`{Q]_cglg]h^mRTRTbkYQl n\¢‚nu[_S$R vŠ^0¬‚bkRTb :KS O O O )( *-,1.  ( * .. &)(†2. t

(40). &)(  ( 2~". . V } &)(y2. &„(†2 . &)( 2. y. V } &„(†2M".  (. .  . ƒ. . a a. V } &)(y2. . &. &. ,-o ( -* ,-.. . ,. ,. D. . O. . € ,. . &. l. &. .  € , -, o g S  ,. . « `K^mOiYS$]_´€S S"« ]_bd[[\ SKYx^gn. l.  € , ,  o.

(41) . ,. ,. . ,1o  ( 1* ,-.   `/ *-,-.. 2. ,.  . z. g. , ,. € , € ,. 27&. 2~". . €. €. 2 Q)(+*-,-.  (+* .=R  . l. &.  € , -, o. € ,. 2  . l.  ,1o. / *-,1. &. €. ,. . € ,. 2. g. € ,. S. >. 7616-6158 . . ³j€^m]_S˜[\OQS)oQœi^mž^ml=]_^gYQlgS!Ÿ0^m]_bk^g´QždSAn$¡

(42) ~c0«"j‚[_OQS]_S$l=]\SAn\n\bdc=YH™›œQY€`a[\bk!¦ cg>=Y © R L5 !¦ D=©. Q . €. 4 ". . V } &)(y2M". l. . ,-o. ÃÃRQS TUWV X. &. 2. ,. . œQYio‚SK] €. l. . . €. . . . ,.  &  2~" €. a a. / *-,1.   ( *1,-.  , ,. l. m. .   2M". &. €. ,. . € ,. 2 )(+*-,1.  (. .

(43) >. 8  #+ 

(44). {|oQS ne;iYQbkY bd[\SŽn\œQ gQSK7]\YQcgSK]\ž.[¡{Ÿ=±QSKcg`]![\cg´7]cm[\`OŠžr^gn_[\nOQbS ;€`$3^mœi[\^gbkcgo‚Y9]h^0j[_[_bkOQ`˜S i]\YQc=cglgY‚]hf;^mžkRTbdYQRTSA^mbd]YQl`$^gin\]\Sªc=´Q`Kžd^mSKY R ´7^mS‰YioO€^m[_YiOQo‚SŽžkSK]_oS$l=]\œiSAnn\bkn\YQbkl cgY^³™›œQ€Yic3`an[_bd[\bdc=bkŸgY9S j [_OQS"bkYQYQS$] i]\c‚o‚œi`[ Q R bkn~]\SKQžk^=`SAoH« bd[\Ox^T gSK]\YQSKž7™›œQYi`a[_bdc=Y ¡ 6+* 6+*H? µx¶ “ 3 ¶ % O  ™›sbd[šSA°^07[_| c=œQn_]\nbrS{n˜bk´Qn^mižkS˜YŠ^=[\`œQceS~Y€« `Kn^mœQOi‚7S$[_S$]_œQ]_S Ÿp]_[\S"bkOQn\RSKS{oªc3Qnunu]_[{[hcm^0tucm[\SK™#br`n[\[\[\bkOQbrcg`$S Y^mžnucg[h^m™^0Y€[\^˜br^mn[\žk[\¢p]hbr^mn\`$brbk^mnšYQžbk« YQŸM^gl)OQ]\brn\br`h^mSOŠ[Y€`Qœ€S˜]_nc0bkcmYQŸp™l"bkoQ[\™›OiSKSKnšS)« ^oQcm^0n\™¥[hS[\^Q[{Oi¡cgSKWZn\™zYxS{cgQ^0]\[\¬‚]hOi^gSAcg`an$[_lgj=bkc=OQ`$YiSgcgj€7^mžsS™›^0°œQ¬‚žk| SKžk¢ n{`$Rbd^gYªYx^g[\ g´€OQSKSSn œ€nSAoebkY bdR^ml=S˜Q]\c‚`$SKn_nbkYQlij3™›SA^0[\œi]\S˜S¬p[_]_^=`a[\bkcgYj‚]\SA`cgY€nu[_]\œi`[\bkcgY9j‚`$žk^=n\n\b ;7`$^0[_bdc=Y9jpS[h`T£ ‹= A¤G¡ |{n\n\œQRTbdYilH`S$Y3[_S$]_SKo[\]h^mbkYQbkYQlS¬Q^mRTQžkSKnKjQbG¡ S=¡dj  i¡zWZY [_ OQS"ždbkO YQSA^m]šO`K^gn\SgO jQ4s°| ;iYioQn [_nOQ[_^gS YiQoQ]\nbkYi™›c=`$]~bdi[_^gOQž†S"^0[\¬‚]hSK^mn{Y€´pn7¢Šc=o‚n\S"bk^gcmlg™c=Yi^m¡ žkb N:KbdOQYiS)lQ[\]\OQbkSYi`$`$bdc0iŸM^g^gž]\c=br^m][_Y€OQ`cgSl=RcgYi^0^g[_žE]\bd^m¬ ¬‚SKn  « OQS$)]_S `$^gY 4   . ´7S˜™›cgœiYio´3¢nc=ždŸpbkYQl)[_OQS˜™›cgžkžkc0« bdYQlTSKbdl=S$YQQ]_cg´iždSKR 

(45)    ¦‡KŒ=© « n\OQOic0S$« ]_SY  ¦¯n\S$^mS!Y€™›o cg] bkYi^mnu]_[hS~^mYi]_`$SKSŽn\€£ SA‹g`a M[_¤Âbd©Ÿ=[_S$Oižk¢)^0[[_OQ[\SOiS˜4n\ cgS$žkœ‚bklg[_S$bdc=YpYeŸ=SKcm`a™[_cg[\OQ]zS"^gYi^goT´€c0bdŸ=[_nS{œQSKYibdl=o‚S$SKYQ]\Qžk¢p]_bdcgYi´ilždSKS$RbklgSKždbkY3SKŸ0n^gbkždYeœQS=[_¡OQSW;[n`$€^g^mYHYe´€cgS ™ [_OQS˜[\]h^mbkYQbkYQloQ^0[h^Qj‚bG¡ S=¡ )(  ( . &)(  ( 2. . l. m. ( *-,1. ". ,1o. g. ". (. . ,. . ,. ,. ". ,. l. l. m. N4 ". o. ( * . ( * . & uG58  6-616-. (. 2 . ,. I4. ,. -. O. O. Kn ¡ [A¡ O  ¦‡g‡A© [_±iOQcgS"] bk[\YQOiQSœ‚[šYicgn\iY‚f;^gžd`$bkYQS SA^m]TbkY3`$^g[\cn\Sg^Tjz«OQbkS lgO `c=o‚YibkRnbro‚SKSKYi] n\bdc=bkY Yi^m^‰žE™›n\SAbdRT^0[\bkœižk^g]\S"]Tn\RTi^g^gYQ`$S˜YQSKn\]Tœi`h^‰OR[\Oi^m^mQ[ ibdYQl  cg™~[\QOi S oi^0[_^ª™›]_cgR R ¡ R|{n\^mn\[\œQ]_RTb ¬bkYQ l[\^mOiYi^moe[oQ[\Oi^mS"[_^~lg^gS$]\YiS†S$]h`^mSKY3ž7[\™›cgS$]_]_SKR o˜cgbkY˜™[\[\OiOibkS"n9S$™›SKbklg^0S$[_YpœQŸ=]_S?SK`an[_icg^=]h`nS=`Kj3^m¦¯Yb.¡ Sg´€¡kj S"]_S$« ]_ bd[[\SKY ]\SAn7SK=`©a[\bkjAŸg[_S$OQžkSz¢H`^gc0n Ÿ0^g]\br^mYi`$S My4. ".  761616- & uG58. 2 .  7616-61 , l 7  €. ,. €. ,. <. m.  . « OiS$]_S €. ". & €. ,.  6-6161 , l 2 €.  ". O. ,. 8. O. l.  o. ". O. l. l. ,1o. ". . l. o. €. ,. ( * .. &)(  ( 2~"  &„( -* ,1. 2M" g. &„(†2 . . O. ¦‡A‹g©.  &)(+* .02  &„(O* .b2 4. O O. ¦‡KU=©.  &)( * . 2 , †€  o. ^m]_S{™›cgœQYio´p¢en\cgžkŸpbdYQl [_OQS˜™›cgžkždc0« bkYQl S$bklgSKYQQ]_cg´QžkS$R £ ‹g M¤. t. . ". OiS$]_S brn[\OQSG!]h^mR RT^m[\]_b ¬cm™#[\OQS`$S$Y3[\SK]\SAoH[_]_^gbdYQbkYQln\S[ bdY[_OQS˜™›SK^m[\œQ]_S"ni^=`S=¡ €. €. &)( 2. ¦‡$ˆ3©. ½›Ï#Ã9½ÂÁ.

(46)  

(47)  !"$#%'&(

(48)  )

(49) *!%&"#+"-,.. D.   !"#$ WZcgY ™#o‚[_OQb EbknS$]_nS$SAY3`a[ [_bdc=[\]hY9^mjmbkYQ«bkS~YQlTo‚SKQn_]\`c‚]_bd`$´7SKSn_n[\SAOinS bkYilg`$S$ždYiœiS$oQ]hbd^mYQžplH™›cg§p]_¨!R vcg™€^m[_YiOQo S [_®˜]\sbr^m°YQl=|)œQ¡ žr^m] gSK]\YQSKžQ^mYioŽ[_OQSšn_`$^mžkSbdYpŸ0^m]_br^mYi`$S . @?0A. NL B. T CPF0D HIJ I  Q0D C"~LOC HNL+Q. NOQS"l=ždc=´i^mž7™›c=]\R cm™[_OQS"œQYQ]_SK`[\b;iSKo[_]\br^mYQl=œQžr^m] gS$]_YQSKž¥bkn. . ¦ ‡A g© N^gYiOioTbkn^mo‚YpS ¢ ;iYi SKn^ `$cgYioQb7 [_bdc=Yi^mn\žkœižd¢!`hOT7c=[\Oin\b^m[_[ bdŸ=S?o‚S ;iYib [_Szi gjgSK«]\YiS~S$OižQ^M£ ‹"Ÿ=<MS ¤;¡NOiO bknR O SA^mYin9[\Oi^m[9™›cg]#^mYp¢ Q¡†y{œQS [_c"[\OQS SŸ=3SK`œQ[\bdcgžkbk] ´Q]\`$bkžkœQ^=R n\n\b ;7`$cg`$Yi^0[_n[\bdc=]hY^mbkY3^g[˜Yio¦.`a]\™u¡†SKlgS]_3SKœin_^mnbk[\cgbkcgYŠYi£ n!‹ =A¦.¤G =¡ ©aj9¦ >=©©jp[\OQbrnS$Y€nœQ]_SK n[_Oi^0[   `K^mY´€S˜œin\SKoH™›cg] nœiQ€c=][  . ]. 6-616-b] l. &„(  ( k2:". . m. ,. ]. ,.  a ( . ".  .  7. ( ta. g. m. ,. . O. 1.01. 1+1e−4. 1.5. 1.005. 1+5e−5. 1. 1. 1. 0.5. 0.995. 1−5e−5. 0.99 10 −0.1. g. . 2. 0 −10. &„( *-,1.  ( * . 2@z. ] ] , .  ( * . 7616-61 ( * l .. 1−1e−4 0.1 −1e−3 −5e−4. ±#bklgHœQ]_SH ‡  

(50) 

(51) " #% !&"%

(52)  ,. 

(53) 

(54) " 

(55) * # #% )   L

(56) !" '&.#+ 

(57) *#+,.

(58)  W.F       L  

(59)    −5. 0. 5. −0.05. 0. 0.05. 0. 5e−4. 1e−3. 

(60) !"#%

(61) *!'&.#+" ,   

(62)  "     

(63) )  )

(64)   "#%!" ,.     

(65)  

(66)      !  #"  , $

(67) ( #+  " $   &%

(68) *'& 

(69)  &  8  . t

(70) 

(71). nˆ@g ˆ@g. ˆ@ g. [_¦¯Oi« ^0OQ[Ž§pbr`hbk[\YiOxOQ`$brbkS)nŽn{^m g^mYpS$žrnL¢ ]_cHYQG!SK^=žz]h`h^mOQOiR bd^=SKnŽŸgRSA^goY ^0[\´p]_bd¢eYbd¬;i[\YQ´QOQbdœQS [\bkSenužd[š[h¨{^mœiYi°zn\oQbdfZYQ^go‚lH]_bkRTo[\OQS$žkbdYibrYin~n\SKbd =^mc=S$]šY9]_¡ YQcgYQS$ž¥SM©aSAbrn~jinbrbdbko‚[_Ypn{SHŸgS$o‚[_]\OQbr[\n\Sbk`$´Q]\^ bkžkRTS˜™›bdYQcgYiSe] ^m[\&bkbkYpcg%ŸMYx^g]\7brc0^m% «Y€`SKD SH] £ bkcg.‹ nš™ >MOQ¤;[\jibkOQlgbdbr[~OŠn)™›cg^g =žkn~S$žd]_c0[\YQ«~OQS$Sn ž ™›bk^gYpœiYpŸgYi¢SK`a][_[\[_bd]hc=bd^m´QYebkbkYQžk« b bk[uYQ¢bdl[\LO cmn\™S:$[~[\S$OQ]_« c)S O€SKG!^0RT[\]_SK^gQŸgRbdSK]_br]`$R^mbd[_ž7^0n~[_S$žk]\]_^gbd]_¬´€cgSK]ASKžd¡#YibkYQNn\liœQOQ¡]\brSAnn R[_Oi^m^0 g[{SAnz^gbdYp[¢H€[\c3]hn\^mn\bkbdYQ´ibkždYQS=lHj=™›n\c=S][{bdYi`K^mn[_Yx^gYi´7`S)S{^mbdQYxi§p]\cM¨!¬‚v³bkRTj3^m[\[\cTSAonSK« i^mbd[\]hOŠ^0[_^S [_[_OQOQS$SKR²n\vŠS ^g7™›œQYpSKY€¢n_n`abkl=[\RTbkS$cgYQbkY€nSK[\n]_br^g`zo‚ždc)^gHb :KYiYQ^mo˜[\cmbk[œicgn\YYQS$SKžk´7`$SKSKcgn_nEn_œQn\™›Yi^gcgoi]\]#bkn)žd^~¢)£ `"‹ OižrDM^g^M¤†n_Ÿgn¥^mS~]_cmS´€™p^g™›QœQoT]_Y€cglg`a7SK[\cgYQbkcg]\S$[\Y€]hbk^mn9cgžkY€« Hb :K^mbd^0[\ž9[_O)[_bdc=cH^gYŽY"[_OQ7bdY+S)S$;€]\¨{™›YQcg°zb ]_[_RSzfZo‚¨{^mbkRYi°z`$SKfZSKYio‚nKbkn\¡R bdc=WZSKYYªYic=^mn\YQbdYic=S~oxY9Oi¡[\^gOQNYibrOQnšo¥SKjR]\;iS$^gYQ™› gcgbd[\SK]_SSn RTSA^gn\œQ]\SAnQ]_cg7cg]\[\bkcgYi^gž€[_cT[\OQSŽ`$^m]ho‚bkYi^mžkbd[u¢cm™[\OQS˜[_]_^gbdYibdYQlHn\S[š`K^mY ´7S"œinSAo nœi`hOx^=n[\OQS &. 

(72)  #+

(73) *! £ UgŒ0¤š« OQbr`hO R^g gSKnŽ[_OQSŠlgSKYQS$]h^mžkbH:K^0[_bdc=Y ´7cgœQY€oQnT[\bklgO3[_S$]A¡ Y [_OQSxcm[_OQS$]O€^mYio¥jR^mYp¢ Ig. ÃÃRQS TUWV X.

(74) ‡AŒ. 8  #+ 

(75). S$SK¬‚ŸgSK€YeSK]\[_bkOQRTcgS$œQY3l=[_Oe^gž?[_]_nu[_^gœibdYio‚SKbkSKonœi£ n‹mbkŒ‚YQjzlT‡A g‹ASK¤?]\[_YiSKS$nžr[\nbd™›« ¢ªb [_[_OOi^0bkY+[);i^xYib`$[_žkS"^=n\¨{n˜°zcgf;™o‚™›bkœiRTYiS$`aYi[_n\bdc=bkcgYiY­n¦¯`$`a^g™uY‰¡ 7ˆiS$¡ ]\‹g™›©cg¡ ]_R «S$žkž?bkY­Q]_^=`a[_bk`$S . @?>. yDGQ0F0HIJU^T. NL. TxC F3DGHNJ q  Q3D C"~LOCPHIL+Q. wzi]\Ÿgc=S$€Y SK]bd[u™˜¢[\OQcm™?Sªbk[\Y3]_Ÿ0bk^g^g]\YQbrlg^mœiYižk`$^gS˜][\ gOiS$^m]_[{YQ«SKž~SŽbk`$necgYQœQcmžrox[o‚bdYpSKŸ0n_^m`]_]_bkbk´€^gY3S)[ ^=n{[_c ^gYxn_`$bd^mYpžkŸ0bkYQ^mli]_brj^mYibd[`$Sn[\abkždbkž{YªOin^gO€nH^m7^gSY bd¦.Y3`a[_™uS$¡ ]_SK;€nlg[\œQbkYQ]_SHl³‡g«jiSA™›^mcg  ]  A©¡ G!bdŸ=S$Y ^n\`K^mžkbdYQlŽ™¯^g`[\c=]  ijp[\OQbrn «SK^m ebdYpŸ0^m]_bk^gYi`S˜`$^gY´7S˜™›cg]_R^mžkžd¢eS¬‚Q]_SKn_nSAoe^gn ". . e:g.  . &. . . ( . (k2 ". . ". . .   . a ( . (.  a. &)(  ( 2. NOpœinKj‚« OQSKYe[_OQS˜€c=bdY3[_n ^g]\S˜n_`$^mžkSKoe´p¢e^Ž`$S$]\[_^gbdYe™¯^g`a[_cg]jp[\OQS˜Ÿ0^mžkœQS˜cm™[\OQS˜ gSK]\YiS$ž¥n\`K^mžkSKn´p¢   ¡ @?. YHN'D CPF0D HyL. ZWoQYªS$YQ[\cgOQ[\SŽS ™› cgžk

(76) žkc0« bdYQ l€jE« ST`c=Yinbro‚SK]!^ n^)bd[\[\œi]h^m^m[\bkbkYQcgbdY‰YilŽ« n\OQSS$[]_™›S)cg]«[\S Oin_^m`$[^g7ždS)cgi[\OQœQSžk^moQ[\bk^mcg[_Y9^e¡ ´3— ¢ŠS"^Ho‚™¯S$^gYQ`cg[\cg[\S] 

(77) j3[\OiQS{¡ ™›œiSYi[ `a nf [_[_bdOQc=S"Yecgc=]_´‚bklg[_bk^gYibd^mYQž¥SAoen_`$^m^m™Âžk[\SAS$©] ¡ ^)[\]h^mbkYQbkYQlŽi]\c‚`SAn\ncgY

(78) ¦Â[_Opœin$j  brn[\OQS{™›œQYi`[\bkcgY´QœQbkž [™›]_cgR [\OiS˜oi^0[_^ ^0[ brn ±icg]?´7cm[_OHnœQi€c=][zŸ=SK`[\cg]?`$žk^=n\n\b ;€`$^m[\bkcgYT^mYio ]_S$lg]_SKn_n\bdc=Y9j0cgœQ]zRT^gbdYTbkY3[\S$]_SKn[\bkYQl"]_SKn\œQžd[†[\c)n\OQc0« 

(79)  7 M ¦8‡ <=© « OibdžkS!™›cg]~ =S$]_YQS$žEs°|ƒ«S˜« bdžkž9n\OQc0« M   

(80) ¦‡ =m© Oi^gYiS$]_o S [_OQ S n\ `K^mžkSKo  [_]_ ^gbd"YQbk^mYQY€lo nS$[_ nK ¡

(81) — S «  bdžkž?

(82) n"Oic0o‚« SKYQ[_cmOQ[_STSšŸ0[_OQ^mK S˜žkbko‚S$bdbk[ulg¢ S$YpcmŸ=K ™{SK¦`a8‡ [_<3cg©~]hn?c=cgYQ™žd¢ ]\SAbknYŠ7SK[_`OQ[\S bkŸg`KSK^gžd¢n\S)[\Oicg™S!nc=œi]\Qbklg€bkYic=]^g[ ž Ÿ=SK`[\cg] `$žk^=n\n\b ;7`$^0[_bdc=Y^gYio[\OQS˜Q]_cpcm™#`K^mY ´7So‚S$]_bdŸ=SKoebdYx^TnbkRTbdžr^m] «^M¢T™›cg] ]_S$l=]\SAn\n\bkcgY9¡ [_bdc=Ye@ ™› œiE YiE`a[_º bdc=“MY’ BSAnu¶ [_•gbdR’ º ^m“e[\SK • o%.”Qc=‘KY ‘ 4- ,

(83) •gjQ”Q«8’ 4 S˜º 3 Oi^M– Ÿg9S S$[

(84) j 

(85) ^gYio 5

(86) ´7Sš[_OQS˜i^m]h^mRTS$[\S$]hn?cg™9[\OiS˜`$žk^=n\n\b ;€`$^mf

(87)

(88) L5

(89) ¦8‡ >=©   NOiS

(90) `$cgRTS!™›]\c=R[\OQS"RTbkYQbkR Hb :K^m[\bkcgY Q]_cg´QžkS$R ]\SKžk^m[\SKoe[\c

(91) ! ". ( * . 7616-61. {e‰g. ( * .. V. !. PV. .  . (. &. V. (†2n". &„(†2. V.  . . * . 7616-61. l. * . . ". * . 7616-61. W. l. . &„(†2n". . ,. € ,. * .. * . . !. V. * . ".  6-616158W. € ,. €. / *1,-.. . &. (+*-,1.  (y2 !. . . ½›Ï#Ã9½ÂÁ.

(92) ‡=‡.  

(93)  !"$#%'&(

(94)  )

(95) *!%&"#+"-,.. vŠ^0¬‚bkRTb:KS

(96). . &.

(97). 2. € ,. œQYio‚SK].

(98).  ". ,.

(99) &.

(100). € ,. z.

(101). . 2. ". , ". . . ". . [_OQbrn ždSA^goQn[_c. P † M 4 . O. . . . . € , €. .   & . O . O. ".

(102). € ,. / * . . D. 

(103).

(104) €. . . . € ,. D. O.  . &. . (O*-,1. . (O* .02. ¦‡8D=©. .

(105). O. ¦G‹mŒ=©. O. / *-,1. / * .. O . . ,. .  . &)( *-,1.  ( * . 2. .

(106) . € ,. O O. €.

(107). . / *-,-. / * . . &)( *1,-.  ( * . 2. 2. ^mY€oH[_cT[\OQO S!™›cgžkžkc0« bdYQlTS =œ€^mžkb [u¢=jM O . &. ( . NOpœinKj‚«S˜`K^mYSK^=nbkžd¢nOQc0« [\Oi^m[5

(108)

(109) &. / *-,1. / * .. O. ( * . 2. . ". 5. ".  ". . (y2. O. . O . " ". V. O. g. € , €. .

(110). € , €. ,.

(111). O . O O.

(112). O . / *-,1.#". ,.  .  ,. .  . € ,.

(113). D. g. € ,. ,. 7. .

(114). € ,. W;[ ™›c=ždžkc0«~n. . € ,. .  O  O. . €. / * .. O. / * .. €. ( . . .    O &„( .

(115). ,. / *-,1.. . / *-,1. € , , 2  V &)(y.    .  &. (O*-,1. . . F5. (†2 F5. &„(O*-,1.  (y2.  ( * . 2. ¦G‹‚‡A©. &„(  (O* .b2. jin\cT«S˜cg´Q[_^mbkY cgœQ]R^mbkY ]\SAnœiž [ € ,. O. .

(116). ¦G‹g‹g©. . R^m[\µx]_b ¬¶ “  3 ¶

(117) % cm™#[\O OQªSn_– `$N^gždOQSASeoin\S]\[~cpcm`$™^gYbrnŽ´€nS"[\]h« ^mbk]_lgb [\O3[\[SK™›c=Y]\^=«n ^m]ho¥j^gYio³`c=RTSKn˜™›]_cgR[\OQSe™¯^g`[[\Oi^m[)[_OQSLG!]h^mR 

(118)     ¦G‹mU=© !{nbkYQlx¦u‡Kˆ3©bd[ ™›cgžkždc0«~n[_Oi^0[ 

(119)

(120)      ¦G‹0ˆ3©

(121)

(122)      jQn\cŽ™›]_cgR¦u‡KU3© M

(123) « Oibk`hObdRTQžkbkSKn

(124)      

(125) ¡ ". 7. ". . . . ÃÃRQS TUWV X. ". . u. ". €. €. € ". &. €. ". €. 2. €. . ". * . ".  6-616-b8W. K. K. * .. .

(126) ‡M‹. 8  #+ 

(127).  ˜ ) . I?0A. yDGQ3L‰F0HN'D CPF0DGH yL. WZn\Y¢pY3[\[\OQOQbrS$nT[\brn`!SA`a^g[_Yibdc=oY9]\j?SA^m«žESi« ^m[bk[\ždž SK]\n\Y OQc0]_SK« `$cg[\lgOiYiSb [_n_bd`$c=^gYeždSQ]_bdcgYp´QŸ0^mžkS$]_Rbk^gnKYi¡ `SQ]_cg7S$]\[u¢‰™›c=] ®˜s°| ^gYio §p¨!v c=Y ´7cm[_O 5 !* 0 !* 0  7 ¶ •7. ¶ ‘K‘ ¸  º ”‚“0» [_[_N]\]_c br^g^mbdbdYiYižkžkbdlgœiYQœQnulªžr[_^m]_€]^mc=[\ gQS SKœQ]\[\YižrOi^0S$Se[\žGbkjgcgn\«Y`K^mSžkbkO€STnŽ^Mbd^ªŸgYpS~Ÿ0n\^mSn\[Ž]_Sbk[?^gcgœQYi™` S ^"cmD n\™~bd€RT§pc=¨!QbdY3žkvŠSš[_nK`nj†žr^g^mœQn_Y€YQn\oŠbbd;€™›cg[_`K]_OQ^0RTS$[_bdbkždc=]¢³Ylgo‚[_SKbr^=YQnnS$[\ Ž]_]hbd^mbd´QžkYTbHœQ:K[u[\^0«SK[_o bdc"c=bdYªo‚Y³bkR 7[_S$OQSK]\YiS™›cgn\œQbd]_c=RYQYibd^mn$[ ¡Yin `$N=SŽœ€OQœi^mS~]_n\c=SgbkYQ]\¡ªbkl lgNbk[\YiOQOQ^gSS ž `$ žk^=n\ncm™9 SA^g `h OH cg™9[\Oic=n\S{n_^mRT!Qžkn\SKœin`hbkOn^)[\OioQ^mS[ [\SK]\RTbkYQbrnu[_bk`š¡™›œQ¦.YinSK`S [\bk;icgYelgœicg]\™9S[\‹‚Oij‚S$œibk]Qžk€c‚SK`$]~^m[\]_bkc0cg«"YH¡ ©bkYH[_OQS!n 3œi^m]_Sgj3bG¡ S=¡dj [_ =OQS$SH]_YQ±icgS$]\[\ž€c=OQ« RSKb])[_[\O n\OQ`Kbr ^mn~žkn_SK^mo RTœQQD ³žkSgcg´pj‚YT¢‰«[\S˜Oi[\OQc=OiSen\^MS~Ÿgn_[\^mS!OiRTQ]\SK]_STcpS{™¯oQn_^=œi^m`a`RT[\SAc=QoH]Kžk¡ SK[u«nK— j3cT^gSHYicmOi[\oTOi^M[\S$ŸgOi]hS]\n$SKjp´iS!cgœQYi§pbdždS˜¨![n_vŠ[_`$OQ^gnz]\ždSKSA´€So^gn\§poQSK¨!c0oT« vŠcgYYHn´p[\´i¢eOQ^=S{n^ŽSA[\o™¯]_^gbk^g`cg[\YQY c=lg]œi^ cgžk^gG˜™ ]?^m gQœ€SKj‚n\]\n\^mYQbkY€^gSKoYž.¡ }~¦¯RTSKn\bkoQœQoQž [hždn"S!^m]\c0]_S«"j3nOQžkSc0™Â« [h©Y j‚bkbknY ^g;€`K`lgœQœQ]h]_^0SH[_S)‹‚¡H¦›RT|šbrnoQo‚Sžk¬‚S{€]_SAc0`a«"[_SKjpo‰`S$[\Y3OQ[_S(S$]aG˜©†^gcgœi]n_c0nŸgbr^mSKY‰] ;i g[_S$nš]_¦¯YQRTSKž†bkoQS$oQbd[\ždS!OQSK]\])c0«"nRTj=]\cpbkcmlg[_O3Oi[a©an!jp[\« cpOQc bkždR)S{œ€[\OQ`hO S [_]\br^mYilgœQžr^m] gSK]\YiS$žE´€SKOi^MŸgSAn nbkRTbdžr^m]_žk¢H^0[š^mžkž9n_`$^mžkSKnK¡ 5 *!0 * 6 @ 7#+” E ¶ » ¶ ‘K•g“ 4E#8’ 4 º 3 YiSbkY3[\S$]_SKn[\bkYQl˜^mQiždbr`$^m[\bkcgY)bkY bdR^ml=Sz]_S[_]\bkS$Ÿ0^mžpbrnnOi^g€S o‚SAn\`$]\bk‚[_bdc=Y9" `bkKY ^mYT[\OQ´7S S~žkbd]\[\SKS$Q]h]_^0SK[_n\œQS$]_Y3S[\SA™›cgo)]?´pn\¢Oi^m[_7OQS S$bk]\]zS$`$[\cg]_bdY3SK[\Ÿ0c=^mœQžQ]_^mn†RT^gYic=YQoTlš`$[_^gOQY S$´7R S~[\œiOin\S SKoŽ«™›SKc=ždži]?n]\[\S$œ€[\o‚]_bdbdSKSAŸ0o ^mSKžG¡ ¡o‚!{l=y{S nb Eœicg^gS$]_]_bdždSKžkS$¢"Y=Y3[h[cg^0´Qn\[_tubdbdl=SKc=Yi`aY)[h^0n#OQ[_œQbrbdnuY ]_[_SKcgbdnRl=S]_^g¬‚^glgRbrSKnu[n j c=bk}šYpYT^gŸ0o‚^m[\OQ]_c=bkSYH^gY=[\[š]h^m^moQY€Y€SKonun_™›`c=]_]\bdR`$‚cp[_jpcgbdc=bd]hYpYxo‚Ÿ0bd^mY€cm]_™?^0br[\^mbdSA[_Y3n!n[cmnRTO€™9^m7c=7RcgSgbkY3SK¡Y3[_n?[_nKS´7j3[ S$S$žk[_cg`gYi¡ ´€lgS £bkUiYQ^T‡al˜¤G[\¡?[\]hc ±i^mcgbk^YQ]`bkYQ[\œQOile]_bkŸgn n\S S^g[˜RQ`Q^gcgžk gbkY3SK`K[hn?^0^m[\b bkbk[YQcgbd€YYic3jplen\[\n\OQn\bd^gS˜´iRTždœiS Qn\[_S{ždcSAcgn~Oi™cg^M =™?Ÿ=S$S~‹g]_yYQ^mS$YHžE7^ scgbk°Y3YQ[_| Sn ™›[_]_]_cg^gR Yin\žk^x^m[\`bkcgœQY³]_Ÿg^mS=Yijo­œ€n]_bkcmYQ[hlŠ^0[_®˜bdc=sY °« | bkžkžz[_]_žk^gSKYi^MŸgn™›STcg]_[_R OQSe^mSKYibdl=o³S$Yp^=`$Ÿ0`$^mcgžkœQ]ho‚SKnbdYicml™[_[\cxOQSS 3®˜œis^m[\°bkcg| Y [_¦.]_‹m^gˆ3Yi©˜nu™›^mc=Yp]\¢ R`œQcgRŽYi`h´QOibk^gYiYQ^0lg[_bdSAc=^mY ´QžkcgSg™ ¡ `K`K ^m^mYiYYTžd¢´7´7S S{n\`KœiYi^mncgžkSAbd]_YQoTRTl ^g^g[_n?ždOQHb :$^gS)SAY oToQS ^m« H[_b^T`[_bkOe« S$Y3]_bd[\[zSKOŠn\o‚€SK^ŽSAn_`a`™¯[?^g]_bk`[_‚[\c[\cgbk[_] cgOQYT‰S$bkcm]n\™¥`Kžr^m^"^mžk]_SK`lgnœiSA]\[_nuŸ=OQ[SgSŸM¡ ^gS$

(128) šždbkœilgcmS{SK[_Ypbkn\`$ŸMc"S^g[\žd[\œiOQOiSKSK^mn¢H[?´p`$[\¢ OQ^gYHS  žr^m^mžr¡]_nlgcNSAOp´7nu[†œiS˜nKSKn\j‚bd`Kl=[\^mS$OQžkYpS~SAŸ0nbd^mS"YpžkŸ0œQSK^mbdSKl=]_nS$br^mQYpY3]_Ÿ0[c0^mŸpžk^mœQbkY€oQSKo Sn œ€i]\n?c0« Ÿpbrbd[\o‚OS{[_œ€OQn S~« lgb žk[_cgOx´€^mo‚žiSn\[hOi^mbk^mžk7n"S)¦¯YQ¦¯OQcgbrS$nbkS=lgj O3i[Kj3œiS$`žk[\cgœiYi^ml=[\^0bkcg[_Yibdc=nKY9jQjgSS$[h[_`m`A¡ © ©cm™¥[_OQSš`œi]\Ÿ=S « OQbdžkS~[_OQSšn\R^mžkždSAnu[zSKbdl=S$YpŸ0^mžkœQSKn WZ`$Y€œQo‚]_ŸgS$NSKSAOQno¥SAj¥« n«S!OQSKSŽS$]\bk]_lgS^gSK[\YŠYpOQŸMScg^gœiYpždœi]˜œQSKR)®˜n?´7sO€S$^M°]Ÿg| cgSš™€´7c=7S$YŠcgSKbkYY=[\Oi[hn\n#STœi]_`$§ ^g`$ YQSKn_lg!šnuSA™›Wun¥œiy ™›žd]_žk

(129) )¢TcgRoQœi^mn[_ SA^mo´€ [_^g[_c n\c Seo‚SA£ U= n\‹A`$¤~]\Qbk¡¥´7¦¯n\wzS{S$S=^=`¡`hœiO ]\;iŸ=`$lgSKœQœin]\]\Ÿ=cmS Sz™U=bro‚n#©{ b E]_`^gS$cgYi]_Y€S$o‚nY3cgbr[nuRT[_;7bdžkYin¢"leOen\cm^gn\Oi™R ^gi€ždSASAn$o ¡ bk]hYH^mY€c=o‚]_cgo‚RSK]?[_cgc]_bdSSK¬pY=[\[h]h^0^g[_`bdc=[ YinD¦›bkYD  [\]h^mbk YQbdYil©€j†c=n\bd`KY3^m[hžknzST« ™¯^gOQ`abr[_`hcgOH]h^mnH]_S~¦›bkYœin\SKoD [\ÂcŽ©n\^m¢pYiY3o­[\OQžkSAc‚n`$Hb ^0:$[_S bdc=ŽYicmnH[_OQ¦¯bdS$Y ]hnz. `$DœQ]\Ÿ=QSKn†b ¬‚« SKžkbdnh[\©aO ¡ NOpœinKj^‰[_cm[_^gž cm™  ‰`$œQ]_ŸgSKnT^g]\Sœin\SKo ™›cg]T]_S[\]_bkS$Ÿ0^mž~^gYio SA^g`hO cgYQS brnTœinSAo [\c­S$Ÿ0^mžkœi^m[\S[\OQS !""$# ÄÄ # Å.ÌMÇ.ǯ!Ä % # ÆhÈ # Ì &('hÃ9ÄuÅGāÆhÇ.ÈGÉ '*)$+(+-,.'/10~3Æ 2a5Ä 4(6'_8Å 7K(Ì /14 # :É 980 . ^_X. gP7. †Z. Y  . ". I. _ &. 2.  g. (. ". gP6. /. !. q gg. gg. . gg. I. g. . g. gE. g. gg. ½›Ï#Ã9½ÂÁ.

(130) ‡AU.  

(131)  !"$#%'&(

(132)  )

(133) *!%&"#+"-,..  gE7. g.  .  gE7 g  .  gEg   . G˜^mœin_n\bk^gYe gSK]\YiS$ž. N]_bk^gYQlgœižk^g] =S$]_YQS$ž. ±# (bklg

(134) œQ%]_ S ‹ "     P

(135)  H  

(136)    "

(137) !"  &"#+

(138)   $, "   D 8   .#   "' &L

(139)  

(140)   $  "

(141)     

(142) *  

(143) P' & "  

(144)    . I

(145).

(146)

(147).   #   "

(148) !" 

(149) $ !.%      

(150)   #+

(151) !) )

(152)  $  "

(153) !"  

(154)   "#%!" ,    " gP6 D  "

(155)  )         #+

(156)   

(157) 

(158)  )

(159) *!%&"#+" ,    . ÃÃRQS TUWV X.

(160) ‡Kˆ. 8  #+ 

(161). ±#bdl=œQ]_S˜U      P. P

(162) "#+     

(163)   "

(164)    !  

(165) 

(166) . ½›Ï#Ã9½ÂÁ.

(167) ‡M .  

(168)  !"$#%'&(

(169)  )

(170) *!%&"#+"-,.. SKSKbdbdl=l=S$S$YpYpŸ0Ÿ0^m^mžkžkœQœQSKSKnenKj?cmn\™"cª[_[_OQOQSªS œQ]\Y€SKRTo‚S$^g]_bdždYi¢pbdbkYQYQl‰l S$G!bklg]hSK^mY3R(Ÿ0^gRždœQ^0SA[_nŽ]\bd^g¬¥]\¡ S n\|  3bkQ`7œQSK]_Ÿgo SŠbdY brncg`h]hOio‚^mS$]h]Ž^g`[\c­[\S$]_^MbHŸg:$c=SKobko³´p[\¢ OQS b [hYQn c=bkn\³SOQS bk 7lgSAOQ`aSA[hnun$[ ¡ —]_NcmOi[hS SK^0`$n\[_^gSbdc=Y Y!Tn\^gS$YiSKSbdo˜bkl=$Y S$]\Ypcg;€[_Ÿ0lg^m^mœQ[\žk]_œQbkcgS!SKY!n~¦¯ˆ3S oQ© E S SK[_;iOQ`aYQ[hSS)n$]\¡cgS$WZ[\œQYi]_]!o‚bdSKSKo‚ŸMSKSK^go!n_žp`™›Q]_cg]\bd]Qc‚[\SK`$bk^gSKcg`hn_YxO˜n†^mnn\€œQYi^g´Qo)`RT[\SŽOQb [\^mS[\YiSA]_ocgo´Q[_nœ€OQO€nuS^m[_7YQ SgSK jAn_«n#o‚cmSbkn™7;i[_[\^gY€OQYio S `;iS)o‚]_SAbknnšn\[¥`$œi[\]\Oibkn‚SAS$[\o bkcg™›RTYŽcg]{c=[\c"n]\[S$n_[\n`$]_bk^gRTbdSKždbkŸMbdYQžr^g^mliž.] j¡ n\Oi^g€SAn« OQbk`hO o‚ b 7SK]~cgYižd¢H´p¢e^ YQS˜[\]h^mYin™›cg]_R^0[_bdc=Yin$j=[\OiS$Y «S ;€Yio[\OQS"cg[\OQSK]n\bkR bkžr^m]~`œiŸgSKnK¡  g. ‡g. . g. gE6 g g. . g. gE6 g g. gE6 g g. . gE6 g. . gE6 gE. . gE6 g g. . gE6 gE. gE6 g g. . gE6 g. . D. gE6 g.  . g. gE6 g g. . gE6 g g. gE6 g g. g. gE6 g g. gE6 gE. gE6 gE . gE6 gE. gE6 D. gE6 gE. gE6 gE. . gE6 gE. gE6 gE. gE61 . g. . . gE6 g g. -. gE61. D. gE6 g . . gE6 g. gP6 g. . gE6 g . . gP6 g. . gE61g. gE6 g. . gP6- g. . gP6 D. gP6- g. gP6 D E. gE61. D. . gE61. . . D. D. . . gE6 D. . gP6-. D . ±# bk&lg%œQ

(171) ]_S˜.ˆ  F 

(172) '& 

(173)  

(174) &'$"   #  $H

(175)     F%

(176)  

(177) $   $  #+

(178) ! 

(179)    "  

(180)

(181)  c=]_oQS$N]TOQ[\Sc n[_^g^m`h[\OQS$bkRTS$Ÿ=SKSŠY=[˜n\`KQ^m]_žkc0SxŸpbdbkYpo‚Ÿ0SA^mox]_bkbk^gYªYi[_`OQSxSTbrnbdY3[\YQ]_cgc‚[o‚œin\œQ`[\b [hbkcg^mY‰´QžkSŠ^g´€bkc=Y œ‚[\[!OQ[\brOQnST^mœiQn\QSŽžkbr`$cg^0™[_^bdc=YQY cg^g]_RnH^mo‚žkc=b:AYQ^0SŠ[\bkbkcgYƒYŠ£ ™¯Um^g¤G`a¡ƒ[_cgN]˜OQbkY S P. ÃÃRQS TUWV X. 

(182).

(183) ‡<. 8  #+ 

(184). iO^g`$]\Qc0c3«Qn\]_SKnc=ŸgŸ0^=S$^g`h]†ždOŽbrSAoQ^gbk^0YŠ`h[_OHbd£ c=U0`$¤€Y9œQR¡]\Ÿ=N^gS~ gOQSK]_bknznS3žd®˜SAœQ^gsbk]\oQ°SAnzn?| bd^mY3Ye[_n_c)`$^g^go‚QždS b Q 7bk]_SKYpcg]\Ÿ0QSK^m]_Y=]_br[ bk^0^g[\ Y=S [^gn\Yi« S$žko OQSK`S$™›[\SKYbk^mcgœi[\YHœQn\bk]_cgYQSš™7l)n\[_iOQcg^g[\SšOQ`$´7SKSKSKn]zn™› g[c=SK]zŸM]\^gYio‚]\S$b br 7žr^mn?SKY€]\n`œ€SKS Y3`h[OHi^g`^g]_œQn†^g]_R[_ŸgOQSAS$Sn$[\j3SKG˜n] c"^g œibd[n_œinRn\brbd^mYQ^MY9¢l j ´7S"RTSK^gYQbdYilgžkSKn_nz[_cH`c=R €^m]_Sš[_OQS"œQYio‚SK]\žk¢pbdYil SKbdl=S$YpŸ0^mžkœQSKnK¡ I?>. nL+HILOCEDGQ0F0RSD TEF0UMH. ZWiYŽ]_^=[\`aOi[\bkbrn†`$^gn\SKž€`i[\]\bkcgc=Y9´QždjmSK«RSnnbkOQYic0`$« ždœi[\oQOQbdYQSlŽlgSK™¯^gYQ`$S$S!]h^moQžkbHS:K[\^0SA[_`abd[_c=bdYc=Y97j‚S$]\]\SA™›cg`c=]_RTlgYQ^gbdYi[\bk`cgSYecm^g™EYi®˜oHsO€°^m| Yio‚^m« Yi]_o bd[§p[\SK¨{Yv `hOic=^gYŽ]_^=n\¢3`a[_Y3S$[_]OQ]\SSA[_bk``cgl=^mYQY€bdo f [_žkbkbdYQc=SKY9^g¡] N gOQS$S~]_YQ[_SK]\žkbrnK^m¡ YQl=œQžr^m]† gSK]\YiS$žQbrnz`$cgRTi^m]_SKo « bd[\O]_SKn\€SA`a[?[_ccm[_OQS$]hn?n\œi`hOH^gn†[\OQS G˜^mœin_nbr^mY^gYio [\OQS  %›’ ¶ “ 3 ”‚’ 4 3  .• 4›“0• % ¶ ‘ 5 * 6+*!0  S$]_bdRT`$bdS$]hY3`žk[hSKn$n j «cg™šSS [ ]hlg^gn SKo‚>YQbkœiS$]hn ^0[_S^­n\S[oQcmS$™!YQ€cgc3[\nSKbdn"[\bk^ ŸgSx`$bd^m]hY€`žko S Yi`$S$S$Y3l= [\^mSK[\]\bkSAŸgoªSx^mY€c=‹mo Yy 7j9cg`$bk« bdY3]hbd[_`[\nTžkO³SK´pn ^¢ cg]h™š]_^gSK]_o‚n\^=bk€œio‚SAbkn `aœi[\nbkŸg¡[uSK« ždWZ¢ brYª`Sn\[_^gOQ[\R SKOin\iSSTždbk]hSYQ^g¬‚l oQ7bdX i|{]\nšSKŸ3^gbkždcg]_SKœ€^=nšo‚c=¢eYQ S$SK¬pn!ibG]\¡ S=SA¡dn\j n\SKD o¥jQ [\OQD SŽ]_^=o‚bdœ€n SAn cm™?D `bk]h` žkSKn~´7S$ žkcgYilgDbkYQlT[\c[_OQSŽ n_^m RT« SOQ`$SKžk]\^=S n\n{^m]_S"R) œQbdždY [\bkœiQQnŽžk]hS)^gcm`cm™{[\™ br[\`OQSgS ¡ ]h¦.`a^m™uY€¡ o‚;icgl=RTœQžk]_¢SŽlg gS$© Yi^gS$]hYi^0ox[\SA^moHžkž9™›[_]_OQcgRSŽ`$[\bdOQ]h`SAžknSKS"nš`^mbk]_]hS)`žkSK`SKnKY=j‚[_SKS$^g]_`hSKOocmcg™Y [\OQ[_S˜OQSŽ[u«n_^mcRTnS$S[_7n cg`$bkcgY3Y3[K[_¡~^gNbdYi]_n ^gbdD YibdŽYQlHS¬Q^g^mYiRToQ[\žkSASKnunK[˜¡ nS$[_n{^m]_S ". & ]   2 , ,. . 7g. ,. ]. 7616-617 g ,  7616-617 g l   ˆ  g -6 616- . . ,. {8 ˆ  g ,  761616-  . ˆ g l. ,. f8. j8. . ". @ g. g g. 15. 100 Positive examples Negative examples. Error rate using the Gaussian kernel Error rate using the triangular kernel. 10. 80. Error rate. Y. 5. 0. 60. 40. -5 20. -10. -15 -15. 0 -10. ±# bklgœQ ]_S . -5. 0 X. 5. 10. 15. -8. -6. -4. -2 0 2 Log sigma of the Gaussian. 4. F 

(185)  

(186) *L  &'

(187) *  % I

(188) H *      

(189) 

(190)    -  

(191)  "  I

(192)   "

(193)  $ >  7616-616>  

(194) + `

(195) !

(196) *#+ #

(197) $ ."#% 

(198)   " N

(199)   $"  "!. 

(200)    & "

(201) + $!) 

(202) - &%

(203)    "

(204) !"    #%%&

(205) 

(206) *!'&.#+" "

(207)  "#% !"L,.   +   "     "#+ #  w

(208)  .

(209)  

(210)   !)

(211) $ )

(212) 

(213) *!%&"#+H-,     «S![\WZYH]h^mc=bkYQ]_SKoQoS$]?n\[_S$cŽŸgSKn\]_OQ^gc0ž9« §p¨{[\OQvŠS{n~€œiSK]n™›bkc=YQ]\lTR[_^gOQYiS˜`[\S~]_bkcg^g™YQnlgœiœiQžk€^g]c=]^g[YiŸgoeSA`a[\[\OQc=S]z˜G `žr^g^gœin_n\n\n\b €; br^m`KY^0[_ gbdc=S$Y]_YQcgSKYžkn[_« OQbkbdn[\O i^gŸ0]^m[_]_bkbd`$c=œQœižkn^g]†Ÿ0^m[_^=žkœQnSK En j . ½›Ï#Ã9½ÂÁ. 6.

(214) ‡=.  

(215)  !"$#%'&(

(216)  )

(217) *!%&"#+"-,.. cgbkYª™ ^¡žkcgsl3S$^m]\]_™›cgb [_]_OQRRT^mbkYi`"`$n_SK`$n^g^mždSM]_S©a¡~oQNS$QOQbrbr`anš[_SKoQo bk^gbdlgY ]h^m;iR l=œQ]_n\S OQc0 !«~^=n{`$``c=žkSK]_^moQ]_bdžkYQ¢Hlš[\[\Oic˜S)[_OQcgœQS[ŸMf;^g€]\SKbr]^m™›Y€c=`]\SRcm^m™€Y€[\`OQSKS nG˜cg™†^g[\œiOQn\S)n\br^m[\]_Ybk^g¦.YQnOilgc0œi« žk^gY ]  =S$]_YQS$žE« bd[\O ]_SKn\€SA`a[ [\c [_OQS G˜^mœin_n\bk^gY9¡ ” 3 » ¹ “ 4›’$’ ¶ 3 • 7#”‚“0”Q•g’ ¶ “ “ ¶ • º  3 4¯8’ 4 º 3 5 * 6+* 6 Noi^0Oi[_bk^gn ´iS$^g¬pn\ST7S$£ ]_U=bkUMR ¤;¡SKY3N[Oibkbrn{nxoQ^ ^0[h`$^mžk^=´in\^=n\nbrS`$^m`$ž˜cgY3Q[_]_^gcgbd´iYiždn SKR  cm™ŽŽO€^m´iYižk^=o‚`h«  ]_bd^m[Y€[\SKo Y²« oQOQbdb l=[_bS)[ o‚]\bkSAlg`bd[šc=lgQYQbr`abd[\[_bkœQcg]\Y SAn cgcmY ™?[_n\OQb :KS³S v D

(218) ~W§QDN  i«b ^M¬‚ŸgS$SKžrn)ždS$[š¦.n`SKcpSgS¡ H;i`$lgbdœQSK]_Y=S[hn$<3jE©an\¡{bdRTNbkOižk^gS] ™›SK[\ce^m[\[\œQOQ]_SŽSKnšcg«YQSAS)n~œiœinn\S)SKo™›cg]š™›c=[\]~Oi[\^mOi[{SS™¯¬‚^g7`$S$S)]_bdo‚RTS$[\SKSKY=`[˜[\bk^mcg]_YŠS S$¬‚e€ždSKc0]\«²bkRT™›S$]_Y3S3[ œQ¦.S$`aY€™u¡ `¢ ˆiIš¡ ‹‚^g¡ ^gU=]©af ¡ ™›—±ic=cg]zS˜]˜SA[\SK^g]h^=`h^m`hObkO‰Ycmi[\™¥SKbk[_`YªOQ[\S$œQ§pR]_¨{SgvŠj9brn«nKo‚jScgYQ`c=S{ Yicgj9nY br¡!o‚ SK¡š]¡{^gj n{˜™›SKS$^m¬Q[\jQ^mœQRTSA]_^gSKQ`hn žkO SKnzcgYQ^gn\YiSbdoTRToQSK[_QOQo‚žkSSšbr`$[_^mIšSK[\^=nSK[\^mobk]˜YQ[_l«cbr^McgnŸgYQoQS$S"žkcgSYQcg["™#S{`[_cgcpOQYS So‚`$bkbdlgSKbdY3[_[_nK˜n!¡cg[\N[\c OQOQSKl3S]z^m[\bkbk]hY‰R^mbk^mžkYQc‚lgbd`$SAYi^mn$l ž¡ bk]_YpSKŸ0n\œQ^m]_žd[ bk^gcmYi™#`[\STOQ[_Sc‰`$žko‚^=S$n\™›n\cgb ]_;7RT`$^0^m[_[\bdbkc=cgYeYinKbrn¡ª[\NOQS"OQS bkYi;io‚YiS$^m¬žcg`™žr^g[\Oin_n\S)b ;i§pSK¨{%] v C « brn)bd[\´iO^=[\nOQSAo³S"OicgbdY l=OQ^ªSKn« [~bd]\YiSAYQnS$7]\cgf.Y€[h^mn =S=SH¡ ^mžkžz]_œQždS T[\OQS C  ¦G‹g g© gE6 g gg. ˆ. . †V * .. †V *b. gE6 g g g.  gE6 g g g. . &)(†2`". ,. . V *1,-. &„(†2. #± bdl=œQ]\S < $  

(219) *

(220)  " &"

(221)    R

(222)     

(223) 

(224) . } A S  n i œ ž h [ " n m ^ _ ] Ž S \ n Q O 0 c. « ª Y = c Š Y _ [ g ^ Q ´ k ž S  ¦ A ‡ š © › ™ g c ! ] _ [ Q O G˜^gœin_nbr^mY‰ gS$]_YQSKž^m[!Ÿ0^g]\bkcgœin ^gYioª™›cg]![\]_bk^gYQlgœižk^g] S  =S$]_YQS$žG¡ P

(225) . N# ^m´i

(226) *žd

(227) S   ‡ " &"

(228)     &"P

(229) ! "  .  . "   

(230)  

(231)  

(232) *!%&"#+")

(233)   #%! ,   "". I

(234). ®˜S$]_YQSKž NG˜]\^mbrœ€^mYQn\n\l=bkœQ^gYžr^m] ¦  © G˜^mœ€n\n\bk^gY ¦. A© G˜^mœ€n\n\bk^gY ¦ 3=© © G˜^mœ€n\n\bk^gY ¦. ". g. ". . ". ". ÃÃRQS TUWV X. g  gg. w?]_]\c=]]h^0[_S UQU= Q¡ Dg¡ U>%= ‚¡k‡8> <Q¡ >.D ‹mŒi¡ < > . .  . .

(235) ‡>. 8  #+ 

Références

Documents relatifs

À cet effet, un nombre considérable de recherches démontre cliniquement que les enfants de parents souffrant de problème de santé mentale sont plus à risque d’un retard dans leur

usual route to school and provide us with some details about their travel routine (e.g., schedule, mode of transportation, people accompanying them, etc.); 3) recent interventions

C'est aussi le résidant pas chez leurs parents fréquentent deux fois parativement à la province, les étudiants de Nanterre ne lement ce moindre attachement à la ville

In this paper, we study the performance of an enhanced channel estimation technique combining estimation using an autocorrelation based method and the Expectation-

Selon Laeven et Valencia (2012) , le coût budgétaire de la crise bancaire s’est respectivement élevé à 44 et 41 points de PIB en Islande et en Irlande, ce qui place ces deux

Dans ce travail, nous comparerons les entreprises coopératives, détenues par leurs membres, dont le produit risqué est la ressource critique apportée et dont l’objectif est

L’indice EMBI a augmenté de 77 points de base entre le point bas de mi-septembre 2007 et fin février, en partie conduit par la hausse de 300 points de base du spread de l’Argentine