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Submitted on 1 Jan 1988
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RESEARCH ON OPTICAL BISTABILITY IN CHINA
C.-F. Li
To cite this version:
C.-F. Li. RESEARCH ON OPTICAL BISTABILITY IN CHINA. Journal de Physique Colloques,
1988, 49 (C2), pp.C2-75-C2-79. �10.1051/jphyscol:1988216�. �jpa-00227633�
RESEARCH ON OPTICAL BISTABILITY IN CHINA
Department of P h y s i c s , Harbin I n s t i t u t e of ~echnology, Harbin, China
The first optical bistable d e v i c e in China has been demonstrated by Chun-fei Li in Harbin, 1979. It was a hybrid device with nonlinear feedback[l]. Since then his research group began to study optical bistability and related subjects until now.
In their early works they performed several new types of the hybrid OBD using L i ~ b o ~ crystal. For example , scanning non- medium FabryLPerot OBD[2], in which the change of the cavity length by using a piezoelectric element causes the phase shift needed for optical bistabi 1 ity; El ectrooptical Michelson Interferometer OBD[3], in which an electrooptical modulator is inserted. in one of the two arms ; Nonlinear Feedback Electro- optical Polarization OBD[4], using an exponential feedback amplifier which has been used as an optical stabilizer; Waveguide Electrooptic Phase Modulator OBD[5], which is similar to the Michelson interferometer OBD, and TE-TM Mode Interference Waveguide OBD[6] in which the excited two modes coming out of an output coupling prism were made to interfere and feedback to control the modulator.
They systematically studied the static and dynamic stabi 1 i ties in OB and successful y demonstrated bifurcations and chaos using a hybrid device with delayed feedback. From the dynamic equations of optical bistability with delayed feedback, using the linearized stability analysis method, they obtained the threshold condition for instability: the degree of stability S must be greater than or equal to 2. The fundamental oscillation periods are 2T for long delay time and 4T for short delay time,
Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1988216
JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE
where T is the delay time of the feedback. The experimental results a r e consistent with the above conclusoins[7][8]. I n recent years they are interesting in laser instabi 1 ity. Several new Papers about C02 laser instability w i l l be published including the instability in a cop laser with feedback Q- switching, in a CO2 laser with feedback control of the cavity length and a ~ 0 2 laser using a bistable device a s the output reflector.
F r o m 1 9 8 4 t o 1 9 8 6 , t h e y c o n c e n t r a t e d o n n a r r o w g a p semiconductor OBD. they have obtained dispersive and absorptive combined OB in an InSb etalon with the thickness of 320pm and at the temperature of 8 5 K by using a CW CO laser[9]. They have observed two-photon optical bistabilities in HgCdTe and InSb etalons at room temperture using a TEA Cop loons pulsed laser.
For the HgCdTe etalon which has longer carrier recombination time they h a v e observed the reshape effect: inverting a n unstable pulse into a stable pulse, for the InSb etalon which has shorter carrier rczcombination time they have observed instability effect:
inverting a stable pulse into an unstable pulse. The former is c a l l e d integrated effect and the later is called differential effectflo].
They h a v e a l s o observed the nonlinear coupling optical waveguide OB by using the liquid crystal MBBA inserted between a prism and the LiNb03 waveguide surface[ll] and the liquid suspension transversal OB by using the water suspension of gold particlee[l2]. Now Li's group is interested in artificial n o n l i n e a r m a t e r i a l s : s o m e s m a l l s i z e m e t a l , d i e l e c t r i c , semiconductor or organic particles disperse in a transparent liquid or glass formed so called colloid medium exhibiting large nonlinear i ty
.
Since 1983 , they h a v e used dye-filled etalons and light e m i t t i n g d i o d e h y b r i d O B D t o d e m o n s t r a t e v a r i o u s o p t i c a l logics[l:3][14]. Recently they h a v e obtained an optical f u l l adder with two ZnS interference filter OBDs[15] and proposed a new optic;nl system for symbolic substitution[l6].
substitution instead of the electronic computer specialistic system as an application of optical artificial intelligenceand trying to demonstrate an applica ble optical adder by using ZnS interference f il lter devices.
The another earler work on hybrid O B D in China was done by Hong-jun Zhang , et al, in Institute of Physics , Academia Sinica by using a liquid crystal device[l7]. They have obtained many interesting results on instability and chaos using the same O B D , for example, the bifurcation diagram of optical bistability[l8], a new type of self-pulsing oscillation with a period tR[191, the critical slowing down at the edges of bistable region[20], the unstable behavior of a liquid crystal hybrid OBD with two delays in the feedback mechanisrn[21] and the influnce of feedback strength on the oscillation patterns in OB[22].
The semiconductor bistable laser with two sections (active and absorptive) in a common cavity has been studied by Chiming Wang,et a1[23][24], in Institute of Semiconductors, Academia Sinica. The lasers used by them are CW or pulsed GaAs/GaAlAs and GaSnAsP/InP manufactured with LPE. Recently they are working on passive GaAs/GaAlAs MQW OBD which is made in China with MBE.
The hybrid O B D with laser diode, photodetector and fiber coupler was studied by Li-Chen Zhong and Yi-Li Guo, et a1 in Tsinghua University since 1985. The critical slowing down effect, instability and optical logic gates were demonstrated using this device[25][26].
The prof. Heyi Zhang's group in Beijing University collaborated with Beijing Normal University is interested in ZnS and ZnSe interference filter OB and ZnSe bulk OB in recent ye$rs[27]. The threshold of the switching power for their devices was only 3mW.
There are two other groups interested in narrow gap semi- conductor OBD. The InSb O B was observed for the first time in China by Wei-ha11 Tan ,et al, in Shanghai Institute of Optical and
JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE
Fine Mechanics, Academia Sinica[28] and the p-HgCdTe OBwjth electronic mechanism was observed by Jishu Chen, et a l , in Shandong University[29].
Reference
[I] Chun-fei Li, Chinese Physics, Vol.1, No.1, 1981
[2] Chun-fei Li and Jingchun Xu, Chinese Physics,Vol.2,No.3,1982 [3] Chun-f ei Li and Jiaron Ji, IEEE JQE. ,Vol .QE-3 7, No.8,lC381 [ 4 ] C h u n - f e i Li and L i x u e C h e n , ACTA O P T I C A S I N I C A ,
Vo1,4,No.10,1984
[BlLide Wan,Enpei Jin and Chun-fei L i , J. of Electronic (Chinese), Vol.1, No.2, 1984
[ 6 1 Lixun Zou, Lei Zhang, Lidelwan and Chun-fei Li,Chinese
Physics, Vo1.5, No.1 ,1985
[7]Lixue Chen, Chunfei Li and Jing Hong, United States-Japan Seminar on Coherence, Incoherence and Chaos in Quantum Electronics, Nara, Aug. 30-Sept.4,1984
[ 8 ] L i x u e C h e n , C h u n f e i Li a n d J i n g H o n g , Q u a n t u m Electronics (Chinese) , Vo1.2, No.3, 1985
[9]Chunfei Li, Shaochen Yang, Hongfu Xue and Lixue Chen, XV International conference on Quantum Electronic Conference, Baltimor, April 27-May 1,1987
[I01 Chunfei Li,Qiming Wang and Yudong Liu, to be published
[Ill Guanqhai Jin, Ping Zhou and Chunfei Li, Topical Meeting on Optical Bistability, Instability and Optical computing, Bei jing, Aug.24-29,1987
[12]Liming Wang and Chunfei Li, Fourth Topical Meeting on Optical Bistability, Aussois, France, March 23-25,1988
1131 Lei Zhang and Chunfei Li, ACTA OPTICA SINICA, Vol.5, No.11, 1985
[I41 Chunfei Li,Shutian Liu, and Jie Wu, Conference on Laser and Electro-Optics, Baltimore, April 26-May 1, 1987
1151 Qiang'hua Li,Zizong Cha, and Chunfei Li, to be publishd
Meeting o n Optical Bistability, Instability and O p i t c a l Computing, Beijing,Aug. 24-29,1987
[ 1 7 ] H o n g j u n Zhang,Jianhua Dai, Junhui Yang and Cunxiu Gao, Opt.Commun.Vol.38, No. 21,1981
[ 1 8 1 Hong j u n Zhang, Jianhua Dai , Pengye Wang and Chaoding Jin, JOSA,B3,231,1986
[19lHongjun Zhang, Jianhua Dai Pengye Wang,Chaoding J i n and Bailin Hao,Chinese Phys. Lett. Vol.2, No.5, 1985
[20]Pengye Wang ,Hongjun Zhang, Jianhua Dai, ACTA PHYSICA SINICA,Vol.34, 1223, 1985
[ 2 1 ] Hongjun Zhang and Jianhua Dai, 0pt.Lett. ,Vol.l1,245,1986 [ 2 2 ] Jianhua Dai,and Hongjun Zhang, X V international Quantum
Electronic Conference, Baltimor. April 27-Mayl. 1987
[ 2 3 ] Shi Huang, Chiming Wang and Baoxun Du, Chinese Journal of Semiconductor, Vo1.4, No.5, 1983
[241 Chiming Wang, Longde Zhu and Qiping Cao, ACTA PHYSICA SINICA, Vo1.34, No.11, 1985
1251 Lichen Zhong, Yunxin Tang , Ying Qin and Y i l i Guo , Chinese Physics-Lasers, Vo1.13, No.12, 1986
[261 Lichen Zhong, Chinese Journal of Laser, Vol.14, No.5, 1987 [ 2 7 1 H e y i Z h a n g , T o p i c a l M e e t i n g o n O p t i c a l b i s t a b i l i t y ,
Instability and Optical Computing, Beijing,Aug. 24-29,1987 [ 28lRuihua Chen, Shao j in Luan, Hongwei Shen and Weihan Tan, ACTA
PHYSICA SINICA, Vo1..34, No.9, 1985
[ 2 9 ] Jianque Zhang,Jishu Chen, Kangli Zheng and Quanyi Hu., Topical Meeting o n Optical Bistability, Instability and Optical Computing, Beijing, Aug. 24-29, 1987
