Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy

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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy

Klionsky, DJ; Michiels, Carine; al, et

Published in: Autophagy DOI: 10.4161/auto.19496 Publication date: 2012 Document Version

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Klionsky, DJ, Michiels, C & al, E 2012, 'Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy', Autophagy, vol. 8, pp. 445-544. https://doi.org/10.4161/auto.19496

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© 2012 Landes Bioscience.

Do not distribute.

Guidelines for the use and interpretation

of assays for monitoring autophagy

Daniel J. Klionsky,1,2,3,_{* Fabio C. Abdalla,}4_{Hagai Abeliovich,}5_{Robert T. Abraham,}6_{Abraham Acevedo-Arozena,}7_{Khosrow Adeli,}8 Lotta Agholme,9_{Maria Agnello,}10_{Patrizia Agostinis,}11_{Julio A. Aguirre-Ghiso,}12_{Hyung Jun Ahn,}13_{Ouardia Ait-Mohamed,}14 Slimane Ait-Si-Ali,14_{Takahiko Akematsu,}15_{Shizuo Akira,}16_{Hesham M. Al-Younes,}17_{Munir A. Al-Zeer,}18_{Matthew L. Albert,}19

Roger L. Albin,20,21_{Javier Alegre-Abarrategui,}22_{Maria Francesca Aleo,}23_{Mehrdad Alirezaei,}24_{Alexandru Almasan,}25 Maylin Almonte-Becerril,26_{Atsuo Amano,}27_{Ravi Amaravadi,}28_{Shoba Amarnath,}29_{Amal O. Amer,}30,31_{Nathalie Andrieu-Abadie,}32,33

Vellareddy Anantharam,34_{David K. Ann,}35_{Shailendra Anoopkumar-Dukie,}36_{Hiroshi Aoki,}37_{Nadezda Apostolova,}38 Giuseppe Arancia,39_{John P. Aris,}40_{Katsuhiko Asanuma,}41_{Nana Y.O. Asare,}42_{Hisashi Ashida,}43_{Valerie Askanas,}44_{David S. Askew,}45

Patrick Auberger,46,47_{Misuzu Baba,}48_{Steven K. Backues,}1_{Eric H. Baehrecke,}49_{Ben A. Bahr,}50_{Xue-Yuan Bai,}51_{Yannick Bailly,}52 Robert Baiocchi,53_{Giulia Baldini,}54_{Walter Balduini,}55_{Andrea Ballabio,}56,57_{Bruce A. Bamber,}58_{Edward T.W. Bampton,}59 Gábor Bánhegyi,60 Clinton R. Bartholomew,1 Diane C. Bassham,61 Robert C. Bast, Jr.,62 Henri Batoko,63 Boon-Huat Bay,64 Isabelle Beau,65_{Daniel M. Béchet,}66_{Thomas J. Begley,}67_{Christian Behl,}68_{Christian Behrends,}69_{Soumeya Bekri,}70_{Bryan Bellaire,}71

Linda J. Bendall,72_{Luca Benetti,}73_{Laura Berliocchi,}74_{Henri Bernardi,}75_{Francesca Bernassola,}76_{Sébastien Besteiro,}77 Ingrid Bhatia-Kissova,78_{Xiaoning Bi,}79_{Martine Biard-Piechaczyk,}80_{Janice S. Blum,}81_{Lawrence H. Boise,}82_{Paolo Bonaldo,}83

David L. Boone,84_{Beat C. Bornhauser,}85_{Karina R. Bortoluci,}86_{Ioannis Bossis,}87_{Frédéric Bost,}46_{Jean-Pierre Bourquin,}85 Patricia Boya,88_{Michaël Boyer-Guittaut,}89_{Peter V. Bozhkov,}90_{Nathan R. Brady,}91_{Claudio Brancolini,}92_{Andreas Brech,}93 Jay E. Brenman,94_{Ana Brennand,}95_{Emery H. Bresnick,}96_{Patrick Brest,}97_{Dave Bridges,}1_{Molly L. Bristol,}98_{Paul S. Brookes,}99

Eric J. Brown,100_{John H. Brumell,}101a,101b_{Nicola Brunetti-Pierri,}56_{Ulf T. Brunk,}102_{Dennis E. Bulman,}103_{Scott J. Bultman,}104 Geert Bultynck,105_{Lena F. Burbulla,}106_{Wilfried Bursch,}107_{Jonathan P. Butchar,}108_{Wanda Buzgariu,}109_{Sergio P. Bydlowski,}110 Ken Cadwell,111_{Monika Cahová,}112_{Dongsheng Cai,}113_{Jiyang Cai,}114_{Qian Cai,}115_{Bruno Calabretta,}116_{Javier Calvo-Garrido,}117

Nadine Camougrand,118_{Michelangelo Campanella,}119,120_{Jenny Campos-Salinas,}121_{Eleonora Candi,}122_{Lizhi Cao,}123 Allan B. Caplan,124_{Simon R. Carding,}125,126_{Sandra M. Cardoso,}127_{Jennifer S. Carew,}128_{Cathleen R. Carlin,}129_{Virginie Carmignac,}130

Leticia A.M. Carneiro,131_{Serena Carra,}132,133_{Rosario A. Caruso,}134_{Giorgio Casari,}135_{Caty Casas,}136_{Roberta Castino,}137 Eduardo Cebollero,138,139_{Francesco Cecconi,}140,141_{Jean Celli,}142_{Hassan Chaachouay,}143_{Han-Jung Chae,}144_{Chee-Yin Chai,}145

David C. Chan,146_{Edmond Y. Chan,}147_{Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang,}148_{Chi-Ming Che,}149_{Ching-Chow Chen,}150 Guang-Chao Chen,151 Guo-Qiang Chen,152 Min Chen,153 Quan Chen,154,155 Steve S.-L. Chen,156 WenLi Chen,157 Xi Chen,158 Xiangmei Chen,51_{Xiequn Chen,}159_{Ye-Guang Chen,}160_{Yingyu Chen,}161_{Yongqiang Chen,}162_{Yu-Jen Chen,}163_{Zhixiang Chen,}164

Alan Cheng,165_{Christopher H.K. Cheng,}166_{Yan Cheng,}167,168_{Heesun Cheong,}169_{Jae-Ho Cheong,}170_{Sara Cherry,}171 Russ Chess-Williams,172_{Zelda H. Cheung,}173_{Eric Chevet,}174_{Hui-Ling Chiang,}175_{Roberto Chiarelli,}10_{Tomoki Chiba,}176 Lih-Shen Chin,177_{Shih-Hwa Chiou,}178_{Francis V. Chisari,}24_{Chi Hin Cho,}179_{Dong-Hyung Cho,}180_{Augustine M.K. Choi,}181

DooSeok Choi,182_{Kyeong Sook Choi,}183_{Mary E. Choi,}184_{Salem Chouaib,}185_{Divaker Choubey,}186_{Vinay Choubey,}187 Charleen T. Chu,188,189_{Tsung-Hsien Chuang,}190_{Sheau-Huei Chueh,}191_{Taehoon Chun,}192_{Yong-Joon Chwae,}193_{Mee-Len Chye,}194

Roberto Ciarcia,195_{Maria R. Ciriolo,}141,196_{Michael J. Clague,}197_{Robert S.B. Clark,}198_{Peter G.H. Clarke,}199_{Robert Clarke,}200 Patrice Codogno,201_{Hilary A. Coller,}202_{María I. Colombo,}203_{Sergio Comincini,}204_{Maria Condello,}39_{Fabrizio Condorelli,}205 Mark R. Cookson,206_{Graham H. Coombs,}147_{Isabelle Coppens,}207_{Ramon Corbalan,}208_{Pascale Cossart,}209,210_{Paola Costelli,}211

Safia Costes,212_{Ana Coto-Montes,}213_{Eduardo Couve,}214_{Fraser P. Coxon,}215_{James M. Cregg,}216_{José L. Crespo,}217 Marianne J. Cronjé,218_{Ana Maria Cuervo,}219,220,221_{Joseph J. Cullen,}222_{Mark J. Czaja,}221,223Marcello D’Amelio,224 Arlette Darfeuille-Michaud,225,226_{Lester M. Davids,}228_{Faith E. Davies,}229_{Massimo De Felici,}230_{John F. de Groot,}231 Cornelis A.M. de Haan,232_{Luisa De Martino,}233_{Angelo De Milito,}234_{Vincenzo De Tata,}235_{Jayanta Debnath,}236_{Alexei Degterev,}237

Benjamin Dehay,238_{Lea M.D. Delbridge,}239_{Francesca Demarchi,}240_{Yi Zhen Deng,}241_{Jörn Dengjel,}242_{Paul Dent,}243 Donna Denton,244,245_{Vojo Deretic,}246_{Shyamal D. Desai,}247_{Rodney J. Devenish,}248,249_{Mario Di Gioacchino,}250_{Gilbert Di Paolo,}251,252

Chiara Di Pietro,253_{Guillermo Díaz-Araya,}254_{Inés Díaz-Laviada,}255_{Maria T. Diaz-Meco,}256_{Javier Diaz-Nido,}257_{Ivan Dikic,}69,258 Savithramma P. Dinesh-Kumar,259_{Wen-Xing Ding,}260_{Clark W. Distelhorst,}261,262,263,264,265_{Abhinav Diwan,}266,267 Mojgan Djavaheri-Mergny,268_{Svetlana Dokudovskaya,}269_{Zheng Dong,}270_{Frank C. Dorsey,}272_{Victor Dosenko,}273 James J. Dowling,20,274_{Stephen Doxsey,}275_{Marlène Dreux,}276_{Mark E. Drew,}30_{Qiuhong Duan,}277_{Michel A. Duchosal,}278 Karen Duff,251,252_{Isabelle Dugail,}279,280_{Madeleine Durbeej,}130_{Michael Duszenko,}281_{Charles L. Edelstein,}282_{Aimee L. Edinger,}283

Gustavo Egea,284_{Ludwig Eichinger,}285_{N. Tony Eissa,}286_{Suhendan Ekmekcioglu,}287_{Wafik S. El-Deiry,}168,288_{Zvulun Elazar,}289 Mohamed Elgendy,290_{Lisa M. Ellerby,}291_{Kai Er Eng,}292_{Anna-Mart Engelbrecht,}293_{Simone Engelender,}294_{Jekaterina Erenpreisa,}295

Ricardo Escalante,117_{Audrey Esclatine,}65_{Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen,}296_{Lucile Espert,}80_{Virginia Espina,}297_{Huizhou Fan,}298_{Jia Fan,}299 Qi-Wen Fan,300_{Zhen Fan,}62_{Shengyun Fang,}301,302_{Yongqi Fang,}303_{Manolis Fanto,}304_{Alessandro Fanzani,}23_{Thomas Farkas,}305

Jean-Claude Farré,306_{Mathias Faure,}307_{Marcus Fechheimer,}308_{Carl G. Feng,}309_{Jian Feng,}310_{Qili Feng,}311_{Youji Feng,}312

REVIEW

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© 2012 Landes Bioscience.

Do not distribute.

László Fésüs,313_{Ralph Feuer,}314_{Maria E. Figueiredo-Pereira,}315_{Gian Maria Fimia,}316_{Diane C. Fingar,}317_{Steven Finkbeiner,}318 Toren Finkel,319_{Kim D. Finley,}320_{Filomena Fiorito,}233_{Edward A. Fisher,}321_{Paul B. Fisher,}322_{Marc Flajolet,}323

Maria L. Florez-McClure,324_{Salvatore Florio,}195_{Edward A. Fon,}325_{Francesco Fornai,}326_{Franco Fortunato,}327_{Rati Fotedar,}256 Daniel H. Fowler,29_{Howard S. Fox,}328_{Rodrigo Franco,}329_{Lisa B. Frankel,}330_{Marc Fransen,}331_{José M. Fuentes,}332_{Juan Fueyo,}231

Jun Fujii,333_{Kozo Fujisaki,}334_{Eriko Fujita,}335_{Mitsunori Fukuda,}336_{Ruth H. Furukawa,}308_{Matthias Gaestel,}337_{Philippe Gailly,}338 Malgorzata Gajewska,339_{Brigitte Galliot,}109_{Vincent Galy,}340_{Subramaniam Ganesh,}341_{Barry Ganetzky,}342_{Ian G. Ganley,}343 Fen-Biao Gao,344_{George F. Gao,}345_{Jinming Gao,}346_{Lorena Garcia,}347_{Guillermo Garcia-Manero,}348_{Mikel Garcia-Marcos,}349

Marjan Garmyn,350_{Andrei L. Gartel,}351_{Evelina Gatti,}352_{Mathias Gautel,}353_{Thomas R. Gawriluk,}354_{Matthew E. Gegg,}355 Jiefei Geng,356_{Marc Germain,}357_{Jason E. Gestwicki,}1,3,358_{David A. Gewirtz,}98_{Saeid Ghavami,}359_{Pradipta Ghosh,}360 Anna M. Giammarioli,361_{Alexandra N. Giatromanolaki,}362_{Spencer B. Gibson,}363_{Robert W. Gilkerson,}364_{Michael L. Ginger,}365

Henry N. Ginsberg,366_{Jakub Golab,}367_{Michael S. Goligorsky,}368_{Pierre Golstein,}352_{Candelaria Gomez-Manzano,}231,369 Ebru Goncu,370_{Céline Gongora,}371_{Claudio D. Gonzalez,}372_{Ramon Gonzalez,}373_{Cristina González-Estévez,}374 Rosa Ana González-Polo,332_{Elena Gonzalez-Rey,}121_{Nikolai V. Gorbunov,}375_{Sharon Gorski,}376_{Sandro Goruppi,}377 Roberta A. Gottlieb,320_{Devrim Gozuacik,}378_{Giovanna Elvira Granato,}195_{Gary D. Grant,}36_{Kim N. Green,}379_Ale_{š Gregorc,}380

Frédéric Gros,381_{Charles Grose,}382_{Thomas W. Grunt,}383_{Philippe Gual,}46,47_{Jun-Lin Guan,}162,317_{Kun-Liang Guan,}384 Sylvie M. Guichard,385_{Anna S. Gukovskaya,}386_{Ilya Gukovsky,}386_{Jan Gunst,}387_{Asa B. Gustafsson,}388_{Andrew J. Halayko,}359,389 Amber N. Hale,354_{Sandra K. Halonen,}390_{Maho Hamasaki,}391_{Feng Han,}392_{Ting Han,}1,317_{Michael K. Hancock,}393_{Malene Hansen,}256 Hisashi Harada,394_{Masaru Harada,}395_{Stefan E. Hardt,}396_{J. Wade Harper,}356_{Adrian L. Harris,}397_{James Harris,}398_{Steven D. Harris,}399

Makoto Hashimoto,400_{Jeffrey A. Haspel,}181,401_{Shin-ichiro Hayashi,}402_{Lori A. Hazelhurst,}403_{Congcong He,}404_{You-Wen He,}405 Marie-Josée Hébert,406_{Kim A. Heidenreich,}407_{Miep H. Helfrich,}215_{Gudmundur V. Helgason,}408_{Elizabeth P. Henske,}181 Brian Herman,409_{Paul K. Herman,}410_{Claudio Hetz,}411_{Sabine Hilfiker,}412_{Joseph A. Hill,}413_{Lynne J. Hocking,}215_{Paul Hofman,}97 Thomas G. Hofmann,415_{Jörg Höhfeld,}416_{Tessa L. Holyoake,}408_{Ming-Huang Hong,}417_{David A. Hood,}418_{Gökhan S. Hotamisligil,}419 Ewout J. Houwerzijl,420_{Maria Høyer-Hansen,}421_{Bingren Hu,}422_{Chien-An A. Hu,}423_{Hong-Ming Hu,}424_{Ya Hua,}425_{Canhua Huang,}426

Ju Huang,101a_{Shengbing Huang,}427_{Wei-Pang Huang,}428_{Tobias B. Huber,}429_{Won-Ki Huh,}430_{Tai-Ho Hung,}431_{Ted R. Hupp,}432 Gang Min Hur,433_{James B. Hurley,}434_{Sabah N.A. Hussain,}435_{Patrick J. Hussey,}436_{Jung Jin Hwang,}437_{Seungmin Hwang,}438 Atsuhiro Ichihara,439 Shirin Ilkhanizadeh,300 Ken Inoki,440 Takeshi Into,441 Valentina Iovane,233 Juan L. Iovanna,442 Nancy Y. Ip,443 Yoshitaka Isaka,444_{Hiroyuki Ishida,}445_{Ciro Isidoro,}137_{Ken-ichi Isobe,}446_{Akiko Iwasaki,}447_{Marta Izquierdo,}257_{Yotaro Izumi,}448

Panu M. Jaakkola,449_{Marja Jäättelä,}305_{George R. Jackson,}450_{William T. Jackson,}451_{Bassam Janji,}452_{Marina Jendrach,}453 Ju-Hong Jeon,454_{Eui-Bae Jeung,}455_{Hong Jiang,}231_{Hongchi Jiang,}456_{Jean X. Jiang,}457_{Ming Jiang,}458_{Qing Jiang,}459_{Xuejun Jiang,}460

Xuejun Jiang,461_{Alberto Jiménez,}462_{Meiyan Jin,}1,2_{Shengkan Jin,}463_{Cheol O. Joe,}464_{Terje Johansen,}465_{Daniel E. Johnson,}466 Gail V.W. Johnson,99_{Nicola L. Jones,}467_{Bertrand Joseph,}234_{Suresh K. Joseph,}468_{Annie M. Joubert,}469_{Gábor Juhász,}470 Lucienne Juillerat-Jeanneret,471_{Chang Hwa Jung,}472_{Yong-Keun Jung,}473_{Kai Kaarniranta,}474_{Allen Kaasik,}187_{Tomohiro Kabuta,}475

Motoni Kadowaki,476_{Katarina Kagedal,}477_{Yoshiaki Kamada,}478_{Vitaliy O. Kaminskyy,}479_{Harm H. Kampinga,}133

Hiromitsu Kanamori,480_{Chanhee Kang,}481_{Khong Bee Kang,}482_{Kwang Il Kang,}483_{Rui Kang,}484_{Yoon-A Kang,}96_{Tomotake Kanki,}485 Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti,486_{Haruo Kanno,}487_{Anumantha G. Kanthasamy,}34_{Arthi Kanthasamy,}34_{Vassiliki Karantza,}488 Gur P. Kaushal,489_{Susmita Kaushik,}219,220,221_{Yoshinori Kawazoe,}490_{Po-Yuan Ke,}156,491_{John H. Kehrl,}492_{Ameeta Kelekar,}493 Claus Kerkhoff,494_{David H. Kessel,}495_{Hany Khalil,}496_{Jan A.K.W. Kiel,}497_{Amy A. Kiger,}498_{Akio Kihara,}499_{Deok Ryong Kim,}500

Do-Hyung Kim,501_{Dong-Hou Kim,}502_{Eun-Kyoung Kim,}503_{Hyung-Ryong Kim,}504_{Jae-Sung Kim,}505_{Jeong Hun Kim,}506 Jin Cheon Kim,507_{John K. Kim,}1,508_{Peter K. Kim,}101a,509_{Seong Who Kim,}510_{Yong-Sun Kim,}511,512_{Yonghyun Kim,}513_{Adi Kimchi,}514

Alec C. Kimmelman,515_{Jason S. King,}516_{Timothy J. Kinsella,}517_{Vladimir Kirkin,}518_{Lorrie A. Kirshenbaum,}359,519 Katsuhiko Kitamoto,520 Kaio Kitazato,521 Ludger Klein,522 Walter T. Klimecki,523 Jochen Klucken,524 Erwin Knecht,525 Ben C.B. Ko,526 Jan C. Koch,527_{Hiroshi Koga,}220,221_{Jae-Young Koh,}528_{Young Ho Koh,}511_{Masato Koike,}529_{Masaaki Komatsu,}530_{Eiki Kominami,}531 Hee Jeong Kong,532_{Wei-Jia Kong,}533_{Viktor I. Korolchuk,}534_{Yaichiro Kotake,}535_{Michael I. Koukourakis,}536_{Juan B. Kouri Flores,}26

Attila L. Kovács,470_{Claudine Kraft,}537_{Dimitri Krainc,}538_{Helmut Krämer,}539_{Carole Kretz-Remy,}540_{Anna M. Krichevsky,}541 Guido Kroemer,279,542_{Rejko Krüger,}106_{Oleg Krut,}543_{Nicholas T. Ktistakis,}544_{Chia-Yi Kuan,}545_{Roza Kucharczyk,}546_{Ashok Kumar,}547 Raj Kumar,548_{Sharad Kumar,}244,245_{Mondira Kundu,}549_{Hsing-Jien Kung,}550_{Tino Kurz,}102_{Ho Jeong Kwon,}551_{Albert R. La Spada,}552,553 Frank Lafont,554_{Trond Lamark,}465_{Jacques Landry,}555_{Jon D. Lane,}556_{Pierre Lapaquette,}557_{Jocelyn F. Laporte,}558_{Lajos László,}470

Sergio Lavandero,347,413_{Josée N. Lavoie,}555_{Robert Layfield,}559_{Pedro A. Lazo,}560_{Weidong Le,}561,562_{Laurent Le Cam,}371 Daniel J. Ledbetter,354_{Alvin J.X. Lee,}563_{Byung-Wan Lee,}564_{Gyun Min Lee,}464_{Jongdae Lee,}360_{Ju-Hyun Lee,}565_{Michael Lee,}566 Myung-Shik Lee,567_{Sug Hyung Lee,}568_{Christiaan Leeuwenburgh,}569_{Patrick Legembre,}570_{Renaud Legouis,}571_{Michael Lehmann,}572 Huan-Yao Lei,573_{Qun-Ying Lei,}574_{David A. Leib,}575_{José Leiro,}576_{John J. Lemasters,}577_{Antoinette Lemoine,}578_{Maciej S. Lesniak,}579 Dina Lev,580_{Victor V. Levenson,}581_{Beth Levine,}404_{Efrat Levy,}565,583_{Faqiang Li,}584_{Jun-Lin Li,}585_{Lian Li,}177_{Sheng Li,}562,586_{Weijie Li,}587

Xue-Jun Li,588_{Yan-bo Li,}589_{Yi-Ping Li,}590_{Chengyu Liang,}591_{Qiangrong Liang,}592_{Yung-Feng Liao,}593_{Pawel P. Liberski,}594 Andrew Lieberman,358_{Hyunjung J. Lim,}595_{Kah-Leong Lim,}596_{Kyu Lim,}597_{Chiou-Feng Lin,}598_{Fu-Cheng Lin,}599_{Jian Lin,}600

Jiandie D. Lin,1,317_{Kui Lin,}601_{Wan-Wan Lin,}150_{Weei-Chin Lin,}286,602_{Yi-Ling Lin,}156_{Rafael Linden,}603_{Paul Lingor,}527 Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz,604 Michael P. Lisanti,605 Paloma B. Liton,606 Bo Liu,426 Chun-Feng Liu,607 Kaiyu Liu,608 Leyuan Liu,609

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© 2012 Landes Bioscience.

Do not distribute.

Qiong A. Liu,610_{Wei Liu,}611_{Young-Chau Liu,}612_{Yule Liu,}160_{Richard A. Lockshin,}613_{Chun-Nam Lok,}149_{Sagar Lonial,}82 Benjamin Loos,293_{Gabriel Lopez-Berestein,}62_{Carlos López-Otín,}614_{Laura Lossi,}615_{Michael T. Lotze,}484_{Peter L}_őw,470_{Binfeng Lu,}616

Bingwei Lu,617_{Bo Lu,}618_{Zhen Lu,}62_{Frédéric Luciano,}46,47_{Nicholas W. Lukacs,}358_{Anders H. Lund,}330_{Melinda A. Lynch-Day,}1,2 Yong Ma,456_{Fernando Macian,}619_{Jeff P. MacKeigan,}620_{Kay F. Macleod,}621_{Frank Madeo,}622_{Luigi Maiuri,}623_{Maria Chiara Maiuri,}279 Davide Malagoli,624_{May Christine V. Malicdan,}625_{Walter Malorni,}361,626_{Na Man,}627_{Eva-Maria Mandelkow,}628_{Stéphen Manon,}118

Irena Manov,629_{Kai Mao,}1,2_{Xiang Mao,}630_{Zixu Mao,}177,631_{Philippe Marambaud,}632_{Daniela Marazziti,}253_{Yves L. Marcel,}633 Katie Marchbank,634_{Piero Marchetti,}635_{Stefan J. Marciniak,}636_{Mateus Marcondes,}4_{Mohsen Mardi,}637_{Gabriella Marfe,}76 Guillermo Mariño,638_{Maria Markaki,}639a_{Mark R. Marten,}513_{Seamus J. Martin,}640_{Camille Martinand-Mari,}641_{Wim Martinet,}642 Marta Martinez-Vicente,643_{Matilde Masini,}644_{Paola Matarrese,}645_{Saburo Matsuo,}646_{Raffaele Matteoni,}253_{Andreas Mayer,}647 Nathalie M. Mazure,648_{David J. McConkey,}580,649_{Melanie J. McConnell,}650_{Catherine McDermott,}651_{Christine McDonald,}652 Gerald M. McInerney,292_{Sharon L. McKenna,}653_{BethAnn McLaughlin,}654_{Pamela J. McLean,}538_{Christopher R. McMaster,}655 G. Angus McQuibban,509_{Alfred J. Meijer,}656_{Miriam H. Meisler,}508_{Alicia Meléndez,}613,657_{Thomas J. Melia,}658_{Gerry Melino,}59,659

Maria A. Mena,660_{Javier A. Menendez,}661_{Rubem F. S. Menna-Barreto,}662_{Manoj B. Menon,}337_{Fiona M. Menzies,}663 Carol A. Mercer,664_{Adalberto Merighi,}615_{Diane E. Merry,}665_{Stefania Meschini,}39_{Christian G. Meyer,}666_{Thomas F. Meyer,}18

Chao-Yu Miao,667_{Jun-Ying Miao,}668_{Paul A.M. Michels,}95_{Carine Michiels,}669_{Dalibor Mijaljica,}248_{Ana Milojkovic,}670 Saverio Minucci,290_{Clelia Miracco,}671_{Cindy K. Miranti,}672_{Ioannis Mitroulis,}673_{Keisuke Miyazawa,}674_{Noboru Mizushima,}675

Baharia Mograbi,97_{Simin Mohseni,}677_{Xavier Molero,}678_{Bertrand Mollereau,}679_{Faustino Mollinedo,}560_{Takashi Momoi,}680 Iryna Monastyrska,232_{Martha M. Monick,}681_{Mervyn J. Monteiro,}301,682_{Michael N. Moore,}683_{Rodrigo Mora,}684_{Kevin Moreau,}663

Paula I. Moreira,127_{Yuji Moriyasu,}685_{Jorge Moscat,}256_{Serge Mostowy,}686_{Jeremy C. Mottram,}687_{Tomasz Motyl,}339 Charbel E.-H. Moussa,688_{Sylke Müller,}687_{Sylviane Muller,}381_{Karl Münger,}689_{Christian Münz,}690_{Leon O. Murphy,}691 Maureen E. Murphy,692_{Antonio Musarò,}693_{Indira Mysorekar,}694_{Eiichiro Nagata,}695_{Kazuhiro Nagata,}696_{Aimable Nahimana,}697

Usha Nair,1_{Toshiyuki Nakagawa,}698_{Kiichi Nakahira,}181_{Hiroyasu Nakano,}699_{Hitoshi Nakatogawa,}700_{Meera Nanjundan,}701 Naweed I. Naqvi,241_{Derek P. Narendra,}702_{Masashi Narita,}703_{Miguel Navarro,}412_{Steffan T. Nawrocki,}128_{Taras Y. Nazarko,}306

Andriy Nemchenko,413_{Mihai G. Netea,}704_{Thomas P. Neufeld,}705_{Paul A. Ney,}706_{Ioannis P. Nezis,}93_{Huu Phuc Nguyen,}707 Daotai Nie,708_{Ichizo Nishino,}709_{Corey Nislow,}710_{Ralph A. Nixon,}565_{Takeshi Noda,}391_{Angelika A. Noegel,}285_{Anna Nogalska,}44

Satoru Noguchi,709 Lucia Notterpek,711 Ivana Novak,712 Tomoyoshi Nozaki,713 Nobuyuki Nukina,714 Thorsten Nürnberger,715 Beat Nyfeler,691_{Keisuke Obara,}499_{Terry D. Oberley,}716_{Salvatore Oddo,}717_{Michinaga Ogawa,}718_{Toya Ohashi,}719,720_{Koji Okamoto,}721

Nancy L. Oleinick,264,722,723_{F. Javier Oliver,}121_{Laura J. Olsen,}2_{Stefan Olsson,}724_{Onya Opota,}725_{Timothy F. Osborne,}726 Gary K. Ostrander,727_{Kinya Otsu,}728_{Jing-hsiung James Ou,}591_{Mireille Ouimet,}633_{Michael Overholtzer,}460_{Bulent Ozpolat,}62

Paolo Paganetti,729_{Ugo Pagnini,}233_{Nicolas Pallet,}730_{Glen E. Palmer,}731_{Camilla Palumbo,}76_{Tianhong Pan,}732

Theocharis Panaretakis,234_{Udai Bhan Pandey,}733_{Zuzana Papackova,}112_{Issidora Papassideri,}734_{Irmgard Paris,}735_{Junsoo Park,}736 Ohkmae K. Park,192_{Jan B. Parys,}105_{Katherine R. Parzych,}1,2_{Susann Patschan,}737_{Cam Patterson,}738_{Sophie Pattingre,}371 John M. Pawelek,739_{Jianxin Peng,}740_{David H. Perlmutter,}741_{Ida Perrotta,}742_{George Perry,}743_{Shazib Pervaiz,}596,744_{Matthias Peter,}745

Godefridus J. Peters,746_{Morten Petersen,}747_{Goran Petrovski,}748_{James M. Phang,}611_{Mauro Piacentini,}141_{Philippe Pierre,}352 Valérie Pierrefite-Carle,749_{Gérard Pierron,}750_{Ronit Pinkas-Kramarski,}751_{Antonio Piras,}752_{Natik Piri,}753_{Leonidas C. Platanias,}754 Stefanie Pöggeler,755_{Marc Poirot,}32,756_{Angelo Poletti,}757_{Christian Poüs,}758_{Mercedes Pozuelo-Rubio,}759_{Mette Prætorius-Ibba,}760

Anil Prasad,761_{Mark Prescott,}248_{Muriel Priault,}118_{Nathalie Produit-Zengaffinen,}762_{Ann Progulske-Fox,}763

Tassula Proikas-Cezanne,764_{Serge Przedborski,}252,364,765_{Karin Przyklenk,}766_{Rosa Puertollano,}767_{Julien Puyal,}199_{Shu-Bing Qian,}768 Liang Qin,769_{Zheng-Hong Qin,}770_{Susan E. Quaggin,}771_{Nina Raben,}772_{Hannah Rabinowich,}188_{Simon W. Rabkin,}773

Irfan Rahman,774_{Abdelhaq Rami,}775_{Georg Ramm,}248,776_{Glenn Randall,}777_{Felix Randow,}778_{V. Ashutosh Rao,}779 Jeffrey C. Rathmell,405,780 Brinda Ravikumar,781 Swapan K. Ray,782 Bruce H. Reed,783 John C. Reed,256 Fulvio Reggiori,138 Anne Régnier-Vigouroux,784_{Andreas S. Reichert,}785_{John J. Reiners, Jr.,}786_{Russel J. Reiter,}409_{Jun Ren,}787_{José L. Revuelta,}462

Christopher J. Rhodes,788_{Konstantinos Ritis,}673_{Elizete Rizzo,}789_{Jeffrey Robbins,}790_{Michel Roberge,}791_{Hernan Roca,}792 Maria C. Roccheri,10_{Stephane Rocchi,}46,793_{H. Peter Rodemann,}143_{Santiago Rodríguez de Córdoba,}794_{Bärbel Rohrer,}795

Igor B. Roninson,796_{Kirill Rosen,}655_{Magdalena M. Rost-Roszkowska,}797_{Mustapha Rouis,}798_{Kasper M.A. Rouschop,}799 Francesca Rovetta,23_{Brian P. Rubin,}800_{David C. Rubinsztein,}663_{Klaus Ruckdeschel,}801_{Edmund B. Rucker, III,}354_{Assaf Rudich,}802

Emil Rudolf,803_{Nelson Ruiz-Opazo,}804_{Rossella Russo,}805_{Tor Erik Rusten,}93_{Kevin M. Ryan,}516_{Stefan W. Ryter,}181 David M. Sabatini,806,807_{Junichi Sadoshima,}808_{Tapas Saha,}200_{Tatsuya Saitoh,}16_{Hiroshi Sakagami,}809_{Yasuyoshi Sakai,}810 Ghasem Hoseini Salekdeh,811_{Paolo Salomoni,}812_{Paul M. Salvaterra,}813_{Guy Salvesen,}256_{Rosa Salvioli,}814_{Anthony M.J. Sanchez,}75

José A. Sánchez-Alcázar,815_{Ricardo Sánchez-Prieto,}816_{Marco Sandri,}83,817,818_{Uma Sankar,}819_{Poonam Sansanwal,}820 Laura Santambrogio,619,821_{Shweta Saran,}822_{Sovan Sarkar,}807_{Minnie Sarwal,}820,823_{Chihiro Sasakawa,}718_{Ausra Sasnauskiene,}824 Miklós Sass,470_{Ken Sato,}825_{Miyuki Sato,}825_{Anthony H.V. Schapira,}355_{Michael Scharl,}826_{Hermann M. Schätzl,}827_{Wiep Scheper,}828

Stefano Schiaffino,818_{Claudio Schneider,}240_{Marion E. Schneider,}829_{Regine Schneider-Stock,}830_{Patricia V. Schoenlein,}831 Daniel F. Schorderet,762,832_{Christoph Schüller,}833_{Gary K. Schwartz,}834_{Luca Scorrano,}817,835_{Linda Sealy,}836_{Per O. Seglen,}837

Juan Segura-Aguilar,838_{Iban Seiliez,}839_{Oleksandr Seleverstov,}840_{Christian Sell,}841_{Jong Bok Seo,}842_{Duska Separovic,}843 Vijayasaradhi Setaluri,844 Takao Setoguchi,845 Carmine Settembre,56,57 John J. Shacka,846 Mala Shanmugam,754 Irving M. Shapiro,847

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© 2012 Landes Bioscience.

Do not distribute.

Eitan Shaulian,848_{Reuben J. Shaw,}849_{James H. Shelhamer,}850_{Han-Ming Shen,}851_{Wei-Chiang Shen,}852_{Zu-Hang Sheng,}853 Yang Shi,854_{Kenichi Shibuya,}855_{Yoshihiro Shidoji,}856_{Jeng-Jer Shieh,}857_{Chwen-Ming Shih,}858_{Yohta Shimada,}719 Shigeomi Shimizu,859_{Takahiro Shintani,}860_{Orian S. Shirihai,}861_{Gordon C. Shore,}862_{Andriy A. Sibirny,}863_{Stan B. Sidhu,}864

Beata Sikorska,594_{Elaine C.M. Silva-Zacarin,}4_{Alison Simmons,}865_{Anna Katharina Simon,}866_{Hans-Uwe Simon,}867 Cristiano Simone,868_{Anne Simonsen,}869_{David A. Sinclair,}870_{Rajat Singh,}871_{Debasish Sinha,}872_{Frank A. Sinicrope,}427,873

Agnieszka Sirko,546_{Parco M. Siu,}874_{Efthimios Sivridis,}362_{Vojtech Skop,}875_{Vladimir P. Skulachev,}876_{Ruth S. Slack,}357 Soraya S. Smaili,877_{Duncan R. Smith,}878_{Maria S. Soengas,}879_{Thierry Soldati,}880_{Xueqin Song,}881_{Anil K. Sood,}882_{Tuck Wah Soong,}596

Federica Sotgia,116_{Stephen A. Spector,}553,883_{Claudia D. Spies,}884_{Wolfdieter Springer,}885_{Srinivasa M. Srinivasula,}886 Leonidas Stefanis,887_{Joan S. Steffan,}888_{Ruediger Stendel,}889_{Harald Stenmark,}93_{Anastasis Stephanou,}890_{Stephan T. Stern,}891 Cinthya Sternberg,892_{Björn Stork,}893_{Peter Strålfors,}677_{Carlos S. Subauste,}261,894_{Xinbing Sui,}895_{David Sulzer,}364,896_{Jiaren Sun,}897

Shi-Yong Sun,82_{Zhi-Jun Sun,}898_{Joseph J.Y. Sung,}899_{Kuninori Suzuki,}900_{Toshihiko Suzuki,}901_{Michele S. Swanson,}902 Charles Swanton,563_{Sean T. Sweeney,}903_{Lai-King Sy,}149_{Gyorgy Szabadkai,}904_{Ira Tabas,}366_{Heinrich Taegtmeyer,}905_{Marco Tafani,}906

Krisztina Takács-Vellai,907_{Yoshitaka Takano,}908_{Kaoru Takegawa,}909_{Genzou Takemura,}480_{Fumihiko Takeshita,}910 Nicholas J. Talbot,911_{Kevin S.W. Tan,}912_{Keiji Tanaka,}530_{Kozo Tanaka,}913_{Daolin Tang,}484_{Dingzhong Tang,}914,915_{Isei Tanida,}916

Bakhos A. Tannous,538,917_{Nektarios Tavernarakis,}639a,639b_{Graham S. Taylor,}918_{Gregory A. Taylor,}405,919_{J. Paul Taylor,}920 Lance S. Terada,404_{Alexei Terman,}921_{Gianluca Tettamanti,}922_{Karin Thevissen,}923_{Craig B. Thompson,}169_{Andrew Thorburn,}924

Michael Thumm,925_{FengFeng Tian,}926_{Yuan Tian,}323_{Glauco Tocchini-Valentini,}253_{Aviva M. Tolkovsky,}927_{Yasuhiko Tomino,}41 Lars Tönges,527_{Sharon A. Tooze,}928_{Cathy Tournier,}929_{John Tower,}930_{Roberto Towns,}162_{Vladimir Trajkovic,}931 Leonardo H. Travassos,932_{Ting-Fen Tsai,}933_{Mario P. Tschan,}934_{Takeshi Tsubata,}935_{Allan Tsung,}936_{Boris Turk,}937 Lorianne S. Turner,938_{Suresh C. Tyagi,}939_{Yasuo Uchiyama,}529_{Takashi Ueno,}531_{Midori Umekawa,}1_{Rika Umemiya-Shirafuji,}334 Vivek K. Unni,940_{Maria I. Vaccaro,}372_{Enza Maria Valente,}941_{Greet Van den Berghe,}387_{Ida J. van der Klei,}497_{Wouter G. van Doorn,}942

Linda F. van Dyk,943_{Marjolein van Egmond,}944_{Leo A. van Grunsven,}945_{Peter Vandenabeele,}946_{Wim P. Vandenberghe,}947 Ilse Vanhorebeek,387_{Eva C. Vaquero,}948_{Guillermo Velasco,}949_{Tibor Vellai,}907_{Jose Miguel Vicencio,}904_{Richard D. Vierstra,}584

Miquel Vila,643,950_{Cécile Vindis,}33,951_{Giampietro Viola,}952_{Maria Teresa Viscomi,}953_{Olga V. Voitsekhovskaja,}954 Clarissa von Haefen,884_{Marcela Votruba,}955_{Keiji Wada,}475_{Richard Wade-Martins,}22_{Cheryl L. Walker,}956_{Craig M. Walsh,}957

Jochen Walter,958 Xiang-Bo Wan,959 Aimin Wang,960 Chenguang Wang,961 Dawei Wang,456 Fan Wang,962 Fen Wang,609 Guanghui Wang,770_{Haichao Wang,}963_{Hong-Gang Wang,}167,168_{Horng-Dar Wang,}964_{Jin Wang,}153_{Ke Wang,}1,2_{Mei Wang,}744

Richard C. Wang,965_{Xinglong Wang,}263_{Xuejun Wang,}966_{Ying-Jan Wang,}967_{Yipeng Wang,}628_{Zhen Wang,}968

Zhigang Charles Wang,969_{Zhinong Wang,}970_{Derick G. Wansink,}971_{Diane M. Ward,}972_{Hirotaka Watada,}973_{Sarah L. Waters,}634,728,974 Paul Webster,975_{Lixin Wei,}976_{Conrad C. Weihl,}977_{William A. Weiss,}300_{Scott M. Welford,}722_{Long-Ping Wen,}978

Caroline A. Whitehouse,634_{J. Lindsay Whitton,}24_{Alexander J. Whitworth,}979_{Tom Wileman,}980_{John W. Wiley,}162_{Simon Wilkinson,}981 Dieter Willbold,982_{Roger L. Williams,}778_{Peter R. Williamson,}983_{Bradly G. Wouters,}984_{Chenghan Wu,}985_{Dao-Cheng Wu,}986

William K.K. Wu,899_{Andreas Wyttenbach,}987_{Ramnik J. Xavier,}988_{Zhijun Xi,}989_{Pu Xia,}990_{Gengfu Xiao,}991_{Zhiping Xie,}992 Zhonglin Xie,993_{Da-zhi Xu,}994_{Jianzhen Xu,}995_{Liang Xu,}996_{Xiaolei Xu,}997_{Ai Yamamoto,}252,364_{Akitsugu Yamamoto,}998 Shunhei Yamashina,999_{Michiaki Yamashita,}1000_{Xianghua Yan,}1001_{Mitsuhiro Yanagida,}1002_{Dun-Sheng Yang,}565_{Elizabeth Yang,}1003 Jin-Ming Yang,167,168_{Shi Yu Yang,}1004_{Wannian Yang,}1005_{Wei Yuan Yang,}151_{Zhifen Yang,}256_{Meng-Chao Yao,}1006_{Tso-Pang Yao,}780 Behzad Yeganeh,359_{Wei-Lien Yen,}1_{Jia-jing Yin,}589_{Xiao-Ming Yin,}1007_{Ook-Joon Yoo,}1008_{Gyesoon Yoon,}1009_{Seung-Yong Yoon,}502 Tomohiro Yorimitsu,1010_{Yuko Yoshikawa,}1011_{Tamotsu Yoshimori,}391_{Kohki Yoshimoto,}1012_{Ho Jin You,}1013_{Richard J. Youle,}702

Anas Younes,1014_{Li Yu,}160_{Long Yu,}1015_{Seong-Woon Yu,}503_{Wai Haung Yu,}251,252_{Zhi-Min Yuan,}1016_{Zhenyu Yue,}1017 Cheol-Heui Yun,1018_{Michisuke Yuzaki,}1019_{Olga Zabirnyk,}611_{Elaine Silva-Zacarin,}4_{David Zacks,}1021_{Eldad Zacksenhaus,}1022

Nadia Zaffaroni,1023

Zahra Zakeri,613

Herbert J. Zeh, III,1024

Scott O. Zeitlin,1025

Hong Zhang,1026

Hui-Ling Zhang,770,1027 Jianhua Zhang,846_{Jing-Pu Zhang,}968_{Lin Zhang,}1028_{Long Zhang,}1029_{Ming-Yong Zhang,}1030_{Xu Dong Zhang,}1031_{Mantong Zhao,}1,2

Yi-Fang Zhao,898_{Ying Zhao,}1032,1033_{Zhizhuang J. Zhao,}1034_{Xiaoxiang Zheng,}1035_{Boris Zhivotovsky,}479_{Qing Zhong,}1036 Cong-Zhao Zhou,627_{Changlian Zhu,}1037_{Wei-Guo Zhu,}1033_{Xiao-Feng Zhu,}1038_{Xiongwei Zhu,}263_{Yuangang Zhu,}915

Teresa Zoladek,546_{Wei-Xing Zong,}1039_{Antonio Zorzano,}1040_{Jürgen Zschocke}1041_{and Brian Zuckerbraun}1042

1

Life Sciences Institute; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, MI USA;2

Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, MI USA;

3

Department of Biological Chemistry; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, MI USA;4

Laboratory of Structural and Functional Biology; Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar); Campus Sorocaba; São Paulo State, Brazil;5

Department of Biochemistry and Food Science; Hebrew University; Rehovot, Israel;6

Oncology Research Unit; Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development; Pearl River, NY USA;7

MRC Mammalian Genetics Unit; Harwell UK;8

Research Institute; The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto; Toronto, ON Canada;

9

Division of Geriatrics; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Faculty of Health Science; Linköping University; Linköping, Sweden;10

Department of STEMBIO (Cell Biology); University of Palermo; Palermo, Italy;11

Cell Death Research & Therapy Unit; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine; KU Leuven; Leuven, Belgium;12

Department of Medicine and Department of Otolaryngology; Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai; Mount Sinai School of Medicine; New York University; New York, NY USA;13_{Center for Theragnosis; Biomedical}

Research Institute; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Seoul, South Korea;14_{Laboratoire Epigénétique et Destin Cellulaire; UMR7216; Centre National de la Recherche}

Scientifique (CNRS); Université Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France;15_{Department of Biology; York University; Toronto, ON Canada;}16_{Laboratory of Host Defense; WPI}

Immunology Frontier Research Center, and Department of Host Defense; Research Institute for Microbial Diseases; Osaka University; Osaka, Japan;17_{Department of Biological Sciences;}

Faculty of Science; University of Jordan; Amman, Jordan;18_{Department of Molecular Biology; Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology; Berlin, Germany;}19_{Laboratory of Dendritic Cell}

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© 2012 Landes Bioscience.

Do not distribute.

21_{Geriatrics Research, Education, and Clinical Center; VAAAHS; Ann Arbor, MI USA;}22_{Oxford Parkinson}_{’s Disease Centre; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics; University of}

Oxford; Oxford, UK;23_{Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnologies; School of Medicine; University of Brescia; Brescia, Italy;}24_{Department of Immunology and Microbial}

Science; Scripps Research Institute; La Jolla, CA USA;25_{Department of Cancer Biology; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland, OH USA;}26_{Infectomic and Molecular Pathogenesis Departament;}

Centro de investigación y de Estudios avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN); México City, México;27_{Department of Preventive Dentistry;}

Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka, Japan;28

Department of Medicine; Perelman School of Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA USA;

29

Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch; National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD USA;30

The Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity; the Department of Internal Medicine; Center for Microbial Interface Biology; The Ohio State University; Columbus, OH USA;31

Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute; The Ohio State University; Columbus, OH USA;32

INSERM UMR1037; University Paul Sabatier; Toulouse, France;33

University Paul Sabatier; Toulouse, France;34

Department of Biomedical Science; Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology; Iowa State University; Ames, IA USA;35

Department of Molecular Pharmacology; Beckman Research Institute; City of Hope; Duarte, CA USA;36

Griffith Health Institute and School of Pharmacy; Griffith University; Gold Coast, Australia;37

Department of Neurosurgery; Brain Research Institute; Niigata University; Niigata, Japan;38

Departamento de Farmacologia; Facultad de Medicina; Universitat de Valencia; Valencia, Spain;39

Ultrastructural Methods for Innovative Cancer Therapies Unit; Technology and Health Department; Italian National Institute of Health; Rome, Italy;40

Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; University of Florida College of Medicine; Gainesville, FL USA;

41

Division of Nephrology; Department of Internal Medicine; Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine; Tokyo, Japan;42

Department of Chemical Toxicology; Norwegian Institute of Public Health; Oslo, Norway;43

Graduate School of Biostudies; Kyoto University; Kyoto, Japan;44

Department of Neurology; USC Neuromuscular Center; University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine; Los Angeles, CA USA;45

Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati, OH USA;46

INSERM U1065; Centre Mediterraneen de Medecine Moleculaire (C3M); University of Nice Sophia Antipolis; Nice, France;47

University of Nice Sophia Antipolis; Nice, France;48

Collaborative Open Research Center; Research Institute for Science and Technology; Kogakuin University; Tokyo, Japan;49

Department of Cancer Biology; University of Massachusetts Medical School; Worcester, MA USA;50_{Biotechnology Research and Training Center; William C. Friday Laboratory; University of North Carolina Pembroke; Pembroke, NC USA;}51_{Department of}

Nephrology; State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases; Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing, China;52_{Cytologie et Cytopathologie Neuronales; INCI}_{–CNRS UPR 3212; Université de}

Strasbourg; Strasbourg, France;53_{Division of Hematology; The Ohio State University, Columbus; OH USA;}54_{Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; University of Arkansas for}

Medical Sciences; Little Rock, AR USA;55_{Department of Biomolecular Sciences; University of Urbino}_{“Carlo Bo”; Urbino, Italy;}56_{Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM);}

Naples, Italy; Department of Pediatrics; Federico II University; Naples, Italy;57

Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX USA;

58

Department of Biological Sciences; University of Toledo; Toledo, OH USA;59

MRC Toxicology Unit; University of Leicester; Lancaster Road; Leicester, UK;60

Semmelweis University; Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry; Budapest, Hungary;61

Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, and Plant Sciences Institute; Iowa State University; Ames, IA USA;62

Department of Experimental Therapeutics; MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, TX USA;63

Catholic University of Louvain; Institute of Life Sciences; UCL/ISV; Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;64

Department of Anatomy; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore; Singapore;65

35 INSERM UMR-S984; and Université Paris Sud; Châtenay-Malabry, France;66_{INRA UMR 1019; Unité de Nutrition Humaine; and CRNH; Université d’Auvergne; Clermont-Ferrand, France;}67

College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering; University at Albany; SUNY; Albany, NY USA;68

Institute for Pathobiochemistry; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University; Mainz, Germany;69

Institute of Biochemistry II; Medical School Goethe University; Frankfurt, Germany;70

Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale; Rouen University Hospital and NeoVasc EA 4309; University of Rouen; Rouen, France;71

Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames, IA USA;72

Westmead Millennium Institute; University of Sydney; Westmead Institute for Cancer Research; Westmead, NSW, Australia;73

Vaccine Manufacturing Sciences and Commercialization; Merck Manufacturing Division; West Point, PA USA;

74

Department of Health Sciences; Magna Graecia University; Catanzaro, Italy;75

INRA; UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme; Université Montpellier 1; Montpellier, France;

76

Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences; University of Rome“Tor Vergata”; Rome, Italy;77

DIMNP; UMR5235; CNRS; Université de Montpellier 2; Montpellier, France;78

Department of Biochemistry; Comenius University; Bratislava, Slovak Republic;79

Basic Medical Sciences; Western University of Health Sciences; Pomona, CA USA;

80_{Centre d}_{’études d’agents Pathogènes et Biotechnologies pour la Santé; CNRS UM1; UM2; Montpellier, France;}81_{Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Indiana University}

School of Medicine; Indianapolis, IN USA;82_{Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology; Winship Cancer Institute; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA USA;} 83_{Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Padova; Padova, Italy;}84_{Department of Medicine; University of Chicago; Chicago, IL USA;}85_{Department of Oncology; University}

Children’s Hospital; University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland;86_{Department of Biological Sciences and Cellular and Molecular Therapy Center}_{–Universidade Federal de São Paulo;}

São Paulo, Brazil;87_{Department of Veterinary Medicine; University of Maryland; College Park, MD USA;}88_{Department of Cell Proliferation and Development; Centro de Investigaciones}

Biológicas; CIB-CSIC; Madrid, Spain;89

Université de Franche-Comté; Laboratoire de Biochimie; EA3922;“Estrogènes; Expression Génique et Pathologies du Système Nerveux Central”; IFR133; U.F.R. Sciences et Techniques; Besançon, France;90

Department of Plant Biology and Forest Genetics; Uppsala BioCentre; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Uppsala, Sweden;91

Systems Biology of Cell Death Mechanisms; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); and Medical Faculty; University of Heidelberg; Heidelberg, Germany;

92

Dipartment Scienze Mediche e Biologiche; Università degli Studi di Udine; Udine, Italy;93

Centre for Cancer Biomedicine; University of Oslo and Department of Biochemistry; Oslo University Hospital; Oslo, Norway;94

Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; UNC School of Medicine; Chapel Hill, NC USA;95

Research Unit for Tropical Diseases; de Duve Institute and Laboratory of Biochemistry; Université Catholique de Louvain; Brussels, Belgium;96

Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology; Paul Carbone Cancer Center; University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; Madison, WI USA;97

University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis; Institute of Research on Cancer and Ageing, Nice (IRCAN) UMR CNRS 7284; INSERM U1081; Nice, France; CHU-Nice; Laboratoire de Pathologie Clinique et Expérimentale; Nice, France; Equipe Labellisée par l’Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC); Villejuif, France;98

Virginia Commonwealth University; Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Massey Cancer Center; Goodwin Research Laboratories; Richmond, VA USA;99

Department of Anesthesiology; University of Rochester Medical Center; Rochester, NY USA;100

Department of Microbial Pathogenesis; Genentech, Inc.; South San Francisco, CA USA;101a

Cell Biology Program; The Hospital for Sick Children; Toronto, ON Canada;101b

Department of Molecular Genetics and Institute of Medical Science; University of Toronto; Toronto, ON Canada;102

Division of Pharmacology; Faculty of Health Sciences; Linköping University; Linköping, Sweden;103

Regenerative Medicine Program; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Ottawa, ON Canada;104

Department of Genetics; University of North Carolina; Chapel Hill, NC USA;105

Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine; KU Leuven; Leuven, Belgium;106_{Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases; Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research; University of Tuebingen; and DZNE;}

German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases; Tuebingen, Germany;107_{Department of Medicine I; Division of Oncology; Institute of Cancer Research; Medical University of Vienna;}

Vienna, Austria;108_{Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; The Ohio State University; Columbus, OH USA;} 109_{Department of Genetics and Evolution; University of Geneva; Geneva, Switzerland;}110_{Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Hematology; University of São Paulo School of Medicine;}

São Paulo, Brazil;111_{Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine; Department of Microbiology; New York University School of Medicine; New York, NY USA;}112_{Department of Metabolism}

and Diabetes; Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Prague, Czech Republic;113_{Department of Molecular Pharmacology; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY USA;} 114

Vanderbilt Eye Institute; Vanderbilt University; Nashville, TN USA;115

Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience; Rutgers University; Piscataway, NJ USA;116

Department of Cancer Biology; Kimmel Cancer Center; Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia, PA USA;117

Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas“Alberto Sols”; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM); Madrid, Spain;118

Team“Mitochondries, Stress et Morts Cellulaires”; Institut de Biochimie et de Génétique Cellulaires (IBGC); UMR5095; CNRS & Université Bordeaux-Ségalen; Bordeaux, France;119

Royal Veterinary College; University of London; Consortium for Mitochondrial Research; University College London; London UK;120

EBRI-Rita Levi Montalcini Foundation; Rome, Italy;121

Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine“Lopez-Neyra”-CSIC; Department of Cell Biology and Immunology; Granada, Spain;122

Department of Biochemistry; University of Rome“Tor Vergata”; Rome, Italy;123

Department of Pediatrics; Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; China;

124

Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences; University of Idaho; Moscow, ID USA;125

GI Tract Programme, Institute of Food Research; Norwich School of Medicine, The University of East Anglia; Faculty of Health; Norwich Research Park; Norwich, UK;126

Department of Mucosal Immunology; Norwich School of Medicine; The University of East Anglia–Faculty of Health; Norwich Research Park; Norwich, UK;127

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© 2012 Landes Bioscience.

Do not distribute.

128_{Department of Medicine; Division of Hematology/Oncology; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; San Antonio, TX USA;}129_{Department of Molecular Biology and}

Microbiology; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland, OH USA;130_{Muscle Biology Unit; Departement of Experimental Medical Science; Lund University; Lund, Sweden;} 131_{Instituto de Microbiologia; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;}132_{Department of Medical Biosciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Italy;} 133_{Department of Cell Biology; University Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen; Groningen, The Netherlands;}134_{Department of Human Pathology; University of Messina;}

Messina, Italy;135

Vita-Salute San Raffaele University & San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Milan, Italy;136

Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Barcelona, Spain;137

Department of Health Sciences; Università del Piemonte Orientale“A. Avogadro”; Novara, Italy;138

Department of Cell Biology and Institute of Biomembranes; University Medical Centre Utrecht; Utrecht, The Netherlands;139

Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology and Institute of Biomembranes; Utrecht University; Utrecht, The Netherlands;140

IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation; Rome, Italy;141

Dulbecco Telethon Institute; Department of Biology; University of Rome Tor Vergata; Rome, Italy;

142

Laboratory of Intracellular Parasites; Rocky Mountain Laboratories; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Hamilton, MT USA;

143

Division of Radiation Biology & Molecular Environmental Research; Department of Radiation Oncology; University of Tuebingen; Tuebingen, Germany;

144

Department of Pharmacology and Cardiovascular Research Institute; Medical School; Chonbuk University; Chonbuk, Korea;145

Department of Pathology; Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Kaohsiung, Taiwan;146

Division of Biology; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena, CA USA;147

Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences; University of Strathclyde; Glasgow, Scotland UK;148

Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases; Department of Anatomy; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong, China;149

Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong, China;150

Department of Pharmacology; College of Medicine; National Taiwan University; Taipei, Taiwan;151

Institute of Biological Chemistry; Academia Sinica; Taipei, Taiwan;152

Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai, China;153

Department of Pathology and Immunology; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX USA;154

State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology; Institute of Zoology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing, China;155

College of Life Sciences; Nankai University; Tianjin, China;156

Institute of Biomedical Sciences; Academia Sinica; Taipei, Taiwan;157_{MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science; South China Normal University; Guangzhou, China;} 158_{The Children}_{’s Hospital; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou, China;}159_{Department of Hematology; Xijing Hospital; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi}_{’an, China;}

160_{School of Life Sciences; Tsinghua University; Beijing, China;}161_{Department of Immunology; Peking University; Center for Human Disease Genomics; Beijing, China;} 162_{Department of Internal Medicine; University of Michigan Medical School; Ann Arbor, MI USA;}163_{Department of Radiation Oncology; Mackay Memorial Hospital; Taipei, Taiwan;} 164

Department of Botany and Plant Pathology; Purdue University; West Lafayette, IN USA;165

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; University of Louisville; Louisville, KY USA;166

School of Biomedical Sciences; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin, Hong Kong, China;167

Department of Pharmacology; The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute; Hershey, PA USA;168

Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute; Hershey, PA USA;169

Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY USA;170

Department of Surgery; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul, Korea;171

Department of Microbiology; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA USA;172

Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine; Bond University; Queensland, Australia;173

Department of Biochemistry; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong, China;174

INSERM U1053; and Université Bordeaux Segalen; Bordeaux, France;175

Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology; Penn State University College of Medicine; Hershey, PA USA;176

Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Ibaraki, Japan;177

Department of Pharmacology; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA USA;178

Institute of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei, Taiwan;179

School of Biomedical Sciences; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong, China;180

Graduate School of East-West Medical Science; Kyung Hee University; Yongin, Korea;181

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine; Brigham & Women’s Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA USA;182

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Samsung Medical Center; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Seoul, Korea;183

Institute for Medical Sciences; Ajou University School of Medicine; Suwon, Korea;184

Renal Division; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA USA;185

INSERM U753 PR1; Institut Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France;186

Department of Environmental Health; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati, OH USA;187

Department of Pharmacology; Tartu University; Tartu, Estonia;188

Department of Pathology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, PA USA;189_{Center for Neuroscience; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, PA USA;}190_{Immunology Research Center; National Health Research Institutes;}

Miaoli County, Taiwan;191_{Department of Biochemistry; National Defense Medical Center; Taipei, Taiwan;}192_{School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Korea University; Seoul, Korea;} 193_{Department of Microbiology; Ajou University School of Medicine; Suwon, Korea;}194_{School of Biological Sciences; University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China;} 195_{Department of Structures, Function and Biological Technologies; University of Naples}_{“Federico II”; Naples, Italy;}196_{IRCCS San Raffaele; Rome, Italy;}197_{Physiological Laboratory;}

Institute of Translational Medicine; University of Liverpool; Liverpool, UK;198_{Safar Center for Resuscitation Research; Pittsburgh, PA USA;}199_{Département de Biologie Cellulaire et de}

Morphologie; Université de Lausanne; Lausanne, Switzerland;200

Department of Oncology; Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center; Georgetown University; Washington D.C. USA;

201

INSERM U984; University of Paris-South; Paris, France;202

Department of Molecular Biology; Princeton University; Princeton, NJ USA;203

Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular-Instituto de Histología y Embriología; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo-CONICET; Mendoza, Argentina;204

Department of Genetics and Microbiology; University of Pavia; Pavia, Italy;205

Pharmacology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Università del Piemonte Orientale“A. Avogadro”; Novara, Italy;206

Cell Biology and Gene Expression Section; Laboratory of Neurogenetics; National Institute on Aging; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD USA;207

Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology; Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD USA;208

Departamento Enfermedades Cardiovasculares; Facultad de Medicina; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Santiago, Chile;

209

Institut Pasteur; Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules; Paris, France;210

INSERM; U604; INRA; USC2020; Paris, France;211

Department of Experimental Medicine and Oncology; University of Torino; Torino, Italy;212

Larry Hillblom Islet Research Center; David Geffen School of Medicine; University of California; Los Angeles, CA USA;213

Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular; Universidad de Oviedo; Oviedo, Spain;214

Departamento de Biología y Cs Ambientales; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Valparaíso; Valparaíso, Chile;

215

Division of Applied Medicine; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen, UK;216

Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Sciences; Claremont, CA USA;217

Instituto de Bioquimica Vegetal y Fotosintesis (CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla); Sevilla, Spain;218

Department of Biochemistry; University of Johannesburg; Johannesburg, South Africa;219

Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY USA;220

Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY USA;

221

Marion Bessin Liver Research Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY USA;222

Department of Surgery; University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA USA;223

Department of Medicine; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY USA;224_{Experimental Neurology Unit; European Centre for Brain Research; Santa Lucia Foundation; and University Campus}_{—Biomedico;}

Rome, Italy;225_{Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation and Susceptibility of the Host; USC-INRA 2018; Clermont-Ferrand, France;}226_{UMR 1071 INSERM/Université Auvergne; Clermont-Ferrand,}

France;228_{Department of Human Biology; University of Cape Town; Cape Town, South Africa;}229_{Division of Molecular Pathology; Cancer Therapeutics and Clinical Studies; Institute of}

Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hosptial; Sutton, Surrey UK;230_{Department of Public Health and Cell Biology; University of Rome Tor Vergata; Rome, Italy;}231_{Department of}

Neuro-Oncology; MD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Texas; Houston, TX USA;232_{Virology Division; Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology; Utrecht University; Utrecht,}

The Netherlands;233_{Department of Pathology and Animal Health; University of Naples}_{“Federico II”; Naples, Italy;}234_{Cancer Center Karolinska; Department of Oncology-Pathology;}

Karolinska Institute; Stockholm, Sweden;235

Department of Experimental Pathology; University of Pisa Medical School; Pisa, Italy;236

Department of Pathology; University of California; San Francisco, CA USA;237

Department of Biochemistry; Tufts University School of Medicine; Boston, MA USA;238

CNRS UMR 5293; Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives; Université Bordeaux Segalen; Bordeaux, France;239

Department of Physiology; University of Melbourne; Parkville, Victoria Australia;240

Laboratorio Nazionale Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie; Trieste, Italy;241

Fungal Patho-Biology Group; Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory; National University of Singapore; Singapore;242

Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS); School of Life Sciences (LifeNet); Freiburg, Germany;243

Department of Neurosurgery; VCU Institute of Moleular Medicine; VCU Massey Cancer Center; Virginia Commonwealth University; School of Medicine; Richmond, VA USA;244

Centre for Cancer Biology; SA Pathology; Adelaide, SA Australia;245

School of Molecular and Biomedical Science; University of Adelaide; Adelaide, SA Australia;246

Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology; University of New Mexico Health Science Center; Albuquerque, NM USA;

247_{Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Louisiana State University–Health Sciences Center-School of Medicine; New Orleans, LA USA;}248

Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Monash University; Clayton Campus; Melbourne, Victoria Australia;249