Supplementary material. S2
Summary 1. Search terms 2. Retrieved articles
2.1. Retained articles for the potential toxicity of psychotropic drugs 2.1.1. Clozapine
2.1.2. Lithium
2.2. Identified case reports and case series 3. Articles for clinical recommendations 3.1. Clozapine
3.2. General recommendations for patients with neurologic or psychiatric disorders
1. Search terms (used for pubmed)
(coronavirus OR COVID*) AND (carbamazepine OR lithium OR lamotrigine OR gabapentin OR topiramate OR ''valproic acid'' OR aripiprazole OR amisulpride OR asenapine OR benperidol OR brexpiprazole OR cariprazine OR chlorpromazine OR clopenthixol OR clozapine OR fluphenazine OR flupenthixol OR fluspirilene OR haloperidol OR iloperidone OR levomepromazine OR loxapine OR lurasidone OR molindone OR olanzapine OR paliperidone OR perphenazine OR pimozide OR penfluridol OR perazine OR quetiapine OR risperidone OR sulpiride OR sertindole OR thioridazine OR thiothixene OR trifluoperazine OR ziprasidone OR zotepine OR zuclopenthixol OR agomelatine OR amitriptyline OR atomoxetine OR bupropion OR citalopram OR duloxetine OR escitalopram OR fluoxetine OR fluvoxamine OR imipramin* OR mianserin OR mirtazapine OR moclobemide OR paroxetine OR reboxetine OR selegiline OR sertraline OR trazodone OR trimipramine OR venlafaxine OR vilazodone OR vortioxetine OR atomoxetine OR methylphenidate OR modafinil OR alprazolam OR bromazepam OR clonazepam OR clorazepate OR diazepam OR flurazepam OR lorazepam OR midazolam OR nitrazepam OR oxazepam OR zolpidem OR zopiclone OR antipsychotic* OR antidepressant* OR ''mood stabilizer'' OR anticonvulsant* OR stimulant* OR benzodiazepine*) No limitations were used.
2. Retrieved articles
We herein report an extensive list of all retrieved articles following the systematic review, and cross- references checking in each retrieved article.
2.1. Retained articles for the potential toxicity of psychotropic drugs 2.1.1. Clozapine
-Ben Dhia A, Hamzaoui S, Mouaffak F.-[Clozapine prescription in the wake of the
coronavirus (SARS CoV-2) outbreak: What measures? Why?]. Encephale. 2020 Jun;46(3S):S123- S124. doi: 10.1016/j.encep.2020.04.001.
- Boland X and Dratcu L. Clozapine in the Time of COVID-19. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci 2020;18:450-453.
- Dotson S, Hartvigsen N, Wesner T, Carbary TJ, Fricchione G and Freudenreich O. Clozapine Toxicity in the Setting of COVID-19. Psychosomatics 2020;61:577-578.
- de Leon J, Ruan CJ, Schoretsanitis G and De las Cuevas C. A Rational Use of Clozapine Based on Adverse Drug Reactions, Pharmacokinetics, and Clinical Pharmacopsychology. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics 2020;89:200-214.
- de Leon J, Ruan C-J, Verdoux H and Wang C. Clozapine is strongly associated with the risk of pneumonia and inflammation. General Psychiatry 2020;33:e100183.
- Gee S and Taylor D. The effect of COVID-19 on absolute neutrophil counts in patients taking clozapine. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2020;10:2045125320940935.
- Remington G, Powell V.Clozapine and COVID-19. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2020 Jul 1;45(4):E1.
- Silva E, Gee S, Smith S, Gaughran F. Clozapine and COVID-19. BJPsych Bull. 2020 Aug;44(4):179-180.
-Govind R, Fonseca de Freitas D, Pritchard M, Hayes RD and MacCabe JH. Clozapine treatment and risk of COVID-19 infection: retrospective cohort study. The British Journal of Psychiatry 2020:1-7.
2.1.2. Lithium
- Gong R, Wang P and Dworkin L. What we need to know about the effect of lithium on the kidney.
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016;311:F1168-f1171.
- Kortenoeven ML, Schweer H, Cox R, Wetzels JF and Deen PM. Lithium reduces aquaporin-2 transcription independent of prostaglandins. American journal of physiology Cell physiology 2012;302:C131-40.
- Nowak JK and Walkowiak J. Lithium and coronaviral infections. A scoping review. F1000Res 2020;9:93-93.
2.2. Identified case reports and case series
-Butler M, Bano F, Calcia M, McMullen I, Sin Fai Lam CC, Smith LJ, et al. Clozapine prescribing in COVID-19 positive medical inpatients: a case series. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2020;10:2045125320959560-2045125320959560
- Cranshaw T and Harikumar T. COVID-19 Infection May Cause Clozapine Intoxication: Case Report and Discussion. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2020;46:751-751.
- Dotson S, Hartvigsen N, Wesner T, Carbary TJ, Fricchione G and Freudenreich O. Clozapine Toxicity in the Setting of COVID-19. Psychosomatics 2020;61:577-578.
- Kajani R, Apramian A, Vega A, Ubhayakar N, Xu P and Liu A. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a COVID-19 patient. Brain Behav Immun 2020;88:28-29.
- Llesuy JR and Sidelnik SA. Death From COVID-19 in a Patient Receiving Clozapine: Factors Involved and Prevention Strategies to Consider. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2020.
- Mas Serrano M, Pérez-Sánchez JR, Portela Sánchez S, De La Casa-Fages B, Mato Jimeno V, Pérez Tamayo I, et al. Serotonin syndrome in two COVID-19 patients treated with lopinavir/ritonavir. J Neurol Sci 2020;415:116944-116944.
- Soh M, Hifumi T, Isokawa S, Shimizu M, Otani N and Ishimatsu S. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in patients with COVID-19. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 2020.
- Sokolov E, Hadavi S, Mantoan Ritter L and Brunnhuber F. Non-convulsive status epilepticus:
COVID-19 or clozapine induced? BMJ Case Reports 2020;13:e239015.
- Suwanwongse K and Shabarek N. Lithium Toxicity in Two Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients. Cureus 2020;12:e8384-e8384.
3. Articles for clinical recommendations 3.1. Clozapine
- Leung JG, Wittenberger TS and Schak KM. Clozapine treated patients and COVID-19: Ensuring continued care through collaboration. Schizophrenia research 2020;222:507-508.
- de Leon J, Ruan CJ, Schoretsanitis G, De Las Cuevas C.Psychother Psychosom. A Rational Use of Clozapine Based on Adverse Drug Reactions, Pharmacokinetics, and Clinical Pharmacopsychology.
2020;89(4):200-214. doi: 10.1159/000507638. (duplication)
- Govind R, Fonseca de Freitas D, Pritchard M, Hayes RD, MacCabe JH. Clozapine treatment and risk of
COVID-19. Br J Psychiatry. 2020 Jul 27:1-13. doi: 10.1192/bjp.2020.151.
- Remington G and Powell V. Clozapine and COVID-19. Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience: JPN 2020;45:E1.
- Nichols J, Gannon JM, Conlogue J, Sarpal D, Montgomery JL, Sherwood R, et al. Ensuring care for clozapine-treated schizophrenia patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Schizophrenia research 2020;222:499-500
- Gee S, Gaughran F, MacCabe J, Shergill S, Whiskey E and Taylor D. Management of clozapine treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2020;10:2045125320928167- 2045125320928167.
3.2. General recommendations for patients with neurologic or psychiatric disorders
-Asadi-Pooya AA, Attar A, Moghadami M and Karimzadeh I. Management of COVID-19 in people with epilepsy: drug considerations. Neurol Sci 2020;41:2005-2011
- Andrade G, Simões do Couto F and Câmara-Pestana L. [Recommendations about the Use of Psychotropic Medications during the COVID-19 Pandemic]. Acta medica portuguesa 2020;33:693- 702.
- Anmella G, Arbelo N, Fico G, Murru A, Llach CD, Madero S, et al. COVID-19 inpatients with psychiatric disorders: Real-world clinical recommendations from an expert team in consultation- liaison psychiatry. Journal of Affective Disorders 2020;274:1062-1067.
- Cabona C, Deleo F, Marinelli L, Audenino D, Arnaldi D, Rossi F, et al. Epilepsy course during COVID-19 pandemic in three Italian epilepsy centers. Epilepsy Behav 2020;112:107375.
- Kopelovich SL, Monroe-DeVita M, Buck BE, Brenner C, Moser L, Jarskog LF, et al. Community Mental Health Care Delivery During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Practical Strategies for Improving Care for People with Serious Mental Illness. Community Ment Health J 2020:1-11.
- Kotfis K, Williams Roberson S, Wilson JE, Dabrowski W, Pun BT and Ely EW. COVID-19: ICU delirium management during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Critical Care 2020;24:176.
- Javelot H, Llorca PM, Drapier D, Fakra E, Hingray C, Meyer G, et al. [Informations on psychotropics and their adaptations for patients suffering from mental disorders in France during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic]. Encephale 2020;46:S14-s34.
- Mao L, Jin H, Wang M, Hu Y, Chen S, He Q, et al. Neurologic Manifestations of Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Neurology 2020;77:683-690.
- Ostuzzi G, Gastaldon C, Papola D, Fagiolini A, Dursun S, Taylor D, et al. Pharmacological treatment of hyperactive delirium in people with COVID-19: rethinking conventional approaches. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2020;10:2045125320942703.
- Grinspan ZM, Mytinger JR, Baumer FM, Ciliberto MA, Cohen BH, Dlugos DJ, et al. Management of Infantile Spasms During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of child neurology 2020;35:828-834.
-Plaze M, Attali D, Petit AC, Blatzer M, Simon-Loriere E, Vinckier F, et al. Repurposing chlorpromazine to treat COVID-19: The reCoVery study. L'Encéphale 2020;46:169-172
- Rogers JP, Chesney E, Oliver D, Pollak TA, McGuire P, Fusar-Poli P, et al. Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric presentations associated with severe coronavirus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis with comparison to the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet Psychiatry 2020;7:611-627.
- Sanchez-Larsen A, Gonzalez-Villar E, Díaz-Maroto I, Layos-Romero A, Martínez-Martín Á, Alcahut-Rodriguez C, et al. Influence of the COVID-19 outbreak in people with epilepsy: Analysis of a Spanish population (EPICOVID registry). Epilepsy Behav 2020;112:107396
- Siskind D, Honer WG, Clark S, Correll CU, Hasan A, Howes O, et al. Consensus statement on the use of clozapine during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN 2020;45:200061.
- Xie Q, Fan F, Fan XP, Wang XJ, Chen MJ, Zhong BL, et al. COVID-19 patients managed in psychiatric inpatient settings due to first-episode mental disorders in Wuhan, China: clinical characteristics, treatments, outcomes, and our experiences. Translational psychiatry 2020;10:337.
- Zhang K, Zhou X, Liu H and Hashimoto K. Treatment concerns for psychiatric symptoms in patients with COVID-19 with or without psychiatric disorders. Br J Psychiatry 2020;217:351-351.
