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Osmotic Motor: OSMOTOR
Grégory Chagnon, Philippe Cinquin, Anne Devin, Vanessa Durrieu, Denis Favier, Vincent Gaudin, Serge Ippolito, François Lenouvel, Alain Liné,
Stéphane Mathé, et al.
To cite this version:
Grégory Chagnon, Philippe Cinquin, Anne Devin, Vanessa Durrieu, Denis Favier, et al.. Osmotic Motor: OSMOTOR. Entretiens Jacques Cartier, Nanobiotechnologie pour l’analyse et la conversion d”énergie., 2006, Grenoble, France. �hal-01986563�
Osmotic Motor: OSMOTOR
Grégory Chagnon 1 , Philippe Cinquin 2 , Anne Devin 3 , Vanessa Durrieu 2 , Denis Favier 1 ,
Vincent Gaudin 3 , Serge Ippolito 4 , François Lenouvel 2 , Alain Liné 4 , Stéphane Mathé 4 , Luc Meunier 1 , Laurent Orgéas 1 , Alain Ricard 4 , Michel Rigoulet 3 , Bertrand Tondu 4
1
3S Laboratory, INPG, Grenoble, France
2
TIMC Laboratory, University Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
3
IBGC, CNRS, Bordeaux, France
4
LESIA, INSA, Toulouse, France
Corresponding address: IN3S INstitut de l'INgénierie et de l'INformation de Santé Faculté de Médecine - Domaine de la Merci 38706 LA TRONCHE CEDEX - FRANCE e-mail : Francois.Lenouvel@imag.fr
ABSTRACT
Our objective is to prove the feasibility of transforming the chemical energy of molecules that are naturally present in the organism in a mechanical energy that can be used to compensate for failure of physiological functions. We propose to explore the potential of osmotic energy, which is an interesting intermediate between chemical energy and mechanical energy, and to test an OSMOTOR (OSMOTic MOTOR). The (patented) principle of OSMOTOR is to induce cyclic variations of osmolarity in two compartments that are separated by a semi-permeable membrane. The variation of osmolarity results in movements of liquid under pressure, which corresponds to a retrievable mechanical work. The device is designed to be implanted in the human organism, from which it is separated by semi-permeable membranes that let nutriments necessary for the activity of the OSMOTOR flow in, and that let waste flow out. The membranes also protect the organism from the substances contained inside the OSMOTOR, and the latter from the defence mechanisms of the organism.
INTRODUCTION
pH modifications
Enzymatic glucose oxidation D-glucose
Glucose oxidaseD-glucono-1,5-lactone + H
2O
2D-gluconate
D-glucono-1,5-lactone
2H
2O
2 catalaseH
2O + O
2Lowering the pH
Increasing the pH
Urea
UreaseCO
2+ NH
3Enzymatic degradation of urea
RESULTS
REFERENCES CONCLUSIONS
&
PERSPECTIVES
Application Osmosis
Principle
t = 0
membrane solute
DC1
DH
DP
téquilibre
DC2
DC1>DC2
Imbalance of the concentration
Flux of solvant Cfaible Cforte
Pressure Volumez
z
zzz
Measure of the osmotic pressure
Filling hatch
Pressure sensor Semi-
permeable membrane
High pressure chamber Low pressure
chamber
detrusor
urethra
sphincter
ureters
• Projet émergence région Rhône Alpes: 2005-2008 « Osmotic Robot », TIMC, LGP2, 3S (bourse thèse L. Meunier)
• Projet ANR blanc « Moteur osmotique », TIMC (Grenoble), IBCG (Bordeaux), LESIA-LIPE (Toulouse), 3S (bourse post-doctorale)
• Patent « Micro-muscle en milieu biologique » Laboratoires TIMC et 3S, inventeurs P. Cinquin, O. Cinquin, S. Pujol, D. Favier, L. Orgéas, M. Pécher - BF n° 01/09526 filed 17/07/2001, extented by PCT FR 02/02556 on 17/02/2002
INTEGRATION
Micturition insufficiency treatment
powered by osmosis
Artificial mini-muscle
Made of elastomer + fibres
With a controlled microstructure
filled with ions exchange resins and sensitive to pH variations Or
Either
pH modifications: enzymes
NaHCO3 25 mM Glucose 110 mM pH 7.40
+ GOX
catalase
The setup: The data:
pH variation using GOX
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Time (hours)
pH
without GOX with GOX
4.66 7.40 6.90
pH variation using urease
0 2 4 6 8 10
0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4
Time (hours)
pH 7.40 8.90
NaHCO3 25 mM Urea 100 mM pH 7.40
+ Urease Lowering
Increasing
Pressure sensor
Water
Water + 1 M glucose Membrane, MWCO = 100 Da
The setup:
Glucose 1M versus water
0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3
0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2 1,4
Time (h)
Pressure (bar)
The data:
Osmotic pressure measure
Ions exchange resins artificial muscle
Artificial muscle:
lenght=14 cm diameter=1.5 cm
Time (s)
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 5
10 15 20 25
Contraction force (dN)
Isometric response at constant rate
23 dN
The setup: The data:
Alkaline solution
Acidic solution Resin as RCOOH
LOW SWELLING
Resin as RCOO- HIGH SWELLING RCOOH + NaOH RCOO- + Na+ + H2O
RCOO- + Na+ + HCl RCOOH + Na+ + Cl-
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Traction test: silicone sample
Force (N)
Stretching (mm), initial length: 80 mm
Artificial composite muscle powered by osmosis
Start End
Stretching
The setup: The data:
Silicone RTV 3428: 1- Large distortions 2- Biocompatible 3- Easy to handle
• Patent « Variation de pH d’une solution » Laboratoire TIMC, inventeurs P. Cinquin, V. Durrieu, F. Lenouvel (in preparation)
• Patent « Activation chimique d’un actionneur ou d’un moteur osmotique » Laboratoire TIMC et LGP2, inventeurs N. Belgacem, P. Cinquin, V. Durrieu, F. Lenouvel, BF n° 05/50314 filed 03/02/2005.
2- Production of hydrostatic pressure from osmotic effect, controllable by pH variation.
pH modification: yeast
Glycolysis
1- Reconstitution of glycolysis with isolated enzymes commercially available 2- Use of yeast as an « enzyme bag »
Glucose Glucose-6-phosphate Fructose-6-phosphate Fructose-1,6-biphosphate
PGAL DHAP
1,3-bisphosphoglycerate 3-phosphoglycerate
2-phosphoglycerate PEP
pyruvate
lactate ATP
ADP
ATP
ADP
NAD+ NADH
ATP ADP
ATP ADP
NAD+ NADH
Aim
