LES CAHIERS DU NUMÉRIQUE VOLUME 7 – N° 1/2011

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LES CAHIERS DU NUMÉRIQUE

VOLUME 7 – N° 1/2011

5 Editorial–FABRICE PAPY

9 CONTRIBUTORS

11 Introduction–JEAN-PAUL PINTE

15

Genetic of digital identity. Sources and stakes of digital identity processes

JULIEN PIERRE

This article suggests approaching the sources of the digital identity. This expression, which we find at first in the social speeches, seems to penetrate more and more into the works of the scientific community, and into multiple disciplines of the Social sciences. That’s why we suggest approaching the genesis of this trend through varied disciplinary loans:

due to its polysemy, its practices and its manners, the digital identity indeed conceals numerous stakes which we suggest associating with the intimate and microsocial level and political and societal level. So, the study of the online identical processes or through devices automated, crossed by logics and ideologies, put in system, will allow to highlight problems relative to the place of individual’s place in the society and to the articulation between privacy and public sphere.

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Digital identity in cultural influence.

From self expression to self standardization

FANNY GEORGES

Since the first Internet communication tools, digital identity has parted with his dreams of freedom of expression to learn within the frameworks of self-presentation delineated by the computer system. This paper presents three complementary analytical models of digital identity as a social-cognitive mediation, which open on the one hand, the comparative analysis of the structuring of identity in social media, on the other hand, a quantified analysis, in the context of web sciences. The highlighting of this work by the concept of globalization of information highlights approaches for analysis of identity stereotypes in the media in their social dimension culturally situated, but also the importance of the representation of the Other in Self-Representation.

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138 Les cahiers du numérique – n° 1/2011 49

Digital identity and surveillance

ANDRÉ MONDOUX

This article shows how two major social tendencies in the use of digital technologies, self-expression and surveillance, are linked into a global societal dynamic that takes root in the contemporary rapport between Man and Technics.

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Personal attribute production and management

ALEXANDRE COUTANT,THOMAS STENGER

Scholars as well as economic decision-makers are highly concerned with the concept of digital identity nowadays, which is well shown by the rise of a digital identity providers market. Nevertheless, this interest also highlights a lack of reflexion about the complexity of what this concept is referring to. Definitions often deal with a limited number of criterias, leading to main difficulties when getting up to understanding issues shared by digital traces increase. This paper suggests a complex way to understand the different shapes one’s digital identity can take, relying on studies dealing with the development of a digital identity checking service.

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Chronic of the contingent identity profile

CLAIRE NOY

We propose to work on what is constructed or induced from existing elements on the web. We will call contingent identity, the nominative profile derived from research on the web. The contingency is induced by many parameters and, primarily, by the extent of the “researcher’s” know how and his project and its uses. C.I.P, Contingent Identity Profile, becomes then the essential characteristic of the person, if he practices the web or not. We proceed to a tracking of said C.I.P basing ourselves on an approach which is describing, in three systems, the identity potential. Then we consider the four postures of the web potential uses to locate them in these systems.

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Numerical identity in judicial proceedings

GAËLLE DEHARO

Identity is a very important term which represents the principal way of specifying the relationship between a person and the rights one has.

However, the way this notion is used in judicial proceedings is to focus on a specific aspect of the idea of identity which is numerical identity is established on criteria that are selected, inconstant, interchangeable and not necessarily linked to the person the numerical identity has to identify.

As a result, the numerical identity does not authenticate any one person

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Abstracts 139 and does not reliably identify the person who is alleged to be the owner of the identity. In effect, the principal result of numerical identity should be the traceability rather than the identification of an individual which can only be achieved if objective criteria affirm the numerical identity as a valid indication.

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Digital identity: from construction to suicide in 52 minutes

SAMY BENAMOR,LUCIA GRANGET

In daily life, the identity of an individual is similar to a constant process of evolution and negotiation. The aim of this article is to show the different evolution’s phases of digital identity: from birth to suicide. The individual through its practices on the Web is from now on the heart of a managerial approach. It builds a picture and e-manages its reputation, it is called personal branding. However, the individual lives more and more under multiple identities and representations. But the web is a great memory. It restores digital traces whose consequences can sometimes be cruel. New conflicting practices have emerged with on one hand the construction and preservation of the identity and on the other hand a form of claim to protect the identity and the right to digital suicide.

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The construction of a digital identity through a politically incorrect video game online

AUDREY DE CEGLIE,ROBIN RECOURS

Nowadays, with social networks, digital identities are developed in parallel with the physical identity of the individual. If the problems of defining the identity emerging digital platforms in research (Caron, 2008), another area, the online video games may be interesting to understand how digital identity affects the social construction. However, even if the impact of video games is today very important in France as in many industrial countries, knowledge and analysis of the phenomenon remain poor (Fortin

& Mora, 2006). Through the analysis of a sports electronic game online entitled “Brutal ChaosLeague” (BCL), we will try to show how individuals construct their identity from their digital and physical identities and if they change their behaviour, to have deviant, even violent practices, but they feel justified because virtual.

137 Summary/Abstracts

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