Palaeoecological changes after the end-permian mass extinction: early Triassic ostracods from northwestern Guangxi Province, South China

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Palaeoecological changes after the end-permian mass extinction: early Triassic ostracods from northwestern

Guangxi Province, South China

Sylvie Crasquin-Soleau, Thomas Galfetti, Hugo Bucher, Arnaud Brayard

To cite this version:

Sylvie Crasquin-Soleau, Thomas Galfetti, Hugo Bucher, Arnaud Brayard. Palaeoecological changes

after the end-permian mass extinction: early Triassic ostracods from northwestern Guangxi Province,

South China. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Universita degli Studi di Milano, 2006,

112 (1), pp.55-75. �10.13130/2039-4942/5850�. �hal-00511399�

PALAEOECOLOGICAL CHANGES AFTER THE END-PERMIAN

MASS EXTINCTION: EARLY TRIASSIC OSTRACODS FROM NORTHWESTERN GUANGXI PROVINCE, SOUTH CHINA

SYLVIE CRASQUIN-SOLEAU

¹

, THOMAS GALFETTI

²

, HUGO BUCHER

²

& ARNAUD BRAYARD

²

Received: July 25, 2005; accepted: October 20, 2005

Key words: Ostracods, Early Triassic, Luolo Formation, South China.

Abstract. Early Triassic (Griesbachian to Spathian) ostracod faunas are here first discovered and described form the Guangxi Pro- vince, South China. Thirty-seven species belonging to fourteen genera are recognized. Seven species are new: Bairdia fengshanensis n. sp., Bairdia wailiensis n. sp., Liuzhinia guangxiensis n. sp., Ptychobairdia luciae n. sp., Ptychobairdia aldae n. sp., Paracypris jinyaensis n. sp.

and Paracypris gaetanii n. sp. The Griesbachian assemblage from the basal microbial limestone is well diversified and does not suggest any abnormal palaeoenvironmental conditions in terms of salinity, tem- perature or oxygen content. Particularly, the ostracods are typical of well oxygenatedwater anddo not reflect any anoxia. Dienerian and Smithian ostracods are evidenced for the first time and the assem- blages suggest less favourable palaeoenviromental conditions. Diver- sity andabundance of ostracodassemblages recoveredfrom the Spathian on. The main taxonomic turnover among ostracodassem- blages occurredseemingly between the Griesbachian andthe Spathian.

Riassunto. Una fauna di ostracodi del Triassico inferiore (Grie- sbachiano - Spathiano), tra cui 37 specie appartenenti a 14 generi, e messa in evidenza e descritta per la prima volta nella Provincia del Guangxi, Cina del Sud. Sette nuove specie sono riportate: Bairdia fengs- hanensis n. sp., Bairdia wailiensis n. sp., Liuzhinia guangxiensis n. sp., Ptychobairdia luciae n. sp., Ptychobairdia aldae n. sp., Paracypris ji- nyaensis n. sp. and Paracypris gaetanii n. sp. Paradossalmente, il conte- nuto fossilifero estratto dalle microbialiti basali del Griesbachiano risul- ta essere caratterizzato da una notevole diversitaÁ specifica. Il periodo in questione non appare quindi essere soggetto da alcun stress ambientale in termini di variazioni di salinitaÁ, di temperatura o/e di concentrazione in ossigeno. PiuÁ precisamente, la fauna del Triassico basale non riflette condizioni anossiche ma dimostra, al contrario, di essere tipica di un ambiente ben ossigenato. La bassa diversitaÁ degli ostracodi Dieneriani e Smithiani, riportati qui per la prima volta, suggerisce delle condizioni

paleoambientali meno favorevoli rispetto al Triassico basale. Un netto aumento della diversitaÁ e dell'abbondanza relativa eÁ osservato a partire dallo Spathiano. Il piuÁ importante sconvolgimento tassonomico del Triassico inferiore appare quindi avere luogo nell'intervallo tra Griesba- chiano e Spathiano.

Introduction

In the entire marine realm, the endPermian mass- extinction is the most dramatic event of the Phanero- zoic. At the endof the Permian, 49 to 57% of the mar- ine families, 83% of the genera and96% of the species, disappear (Sepkoski 1992; Erwin 1993; Jablonski 1994;

Benton 1995; Lethiers 1998; the figures vary according to the different authors).

As other marine organisms, benthic ostracods are subject to the effects of calamitous events (among others, the great endPermian regression followedby the quick anddysoxic Lower Triassic transgression, the modifications of climates and oceanic circulation, the salinity drop, the volcanism, linked with Pangaea assemblage; synthesis in Lethiers 1998). Ostracods are, for the most part, benthic inhabitants andreflect the variations of palaeoenvironments. The analysis of ostra- codassemblages through Permian - Triassic boundary couldhelp us to understandwhat the most important events on the biosphere are.

The abiotic events aroundthe Permian ± Triassic boundary left the marine biotopes severely shattered.

Faunal recovery linkedwith the return to more hospi-

Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia volume 112 no. 1 4 pls. pp. 55-75 April 2006

1 CNRS, UMR 5143, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Laboratoire de MicropaleÂontologie, T.46-56, E.5, case 104, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France.

E-mail: crasquin@ccr.jussieu.fr

2 PalaÈontologisches Institut und Museum, UniversitaÈt ZuÈrich, Karl Schmid-Strasse 4, CH-8006ZuÈrich, Switzerland.

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