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DIRECTION GENERALE DE L’ADMINISTRATION ET DE LA MODERNISATION
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DIRECTION DES RESSOURCES HUMAINES
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Sous-direction de la Formation et des Concours
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Bureau des Concours et Examens professionnels RH4B
Sous-direction de la Formation et des Concours
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Bureau des Concours et Examens professionnels RH4B
CONCOURS EXTERNE
POUR L’ACCÈS A L’EMPLOI D’ADJOINT ADMINISTRATIF PRINCIPAL DE 2
èmeCLASSE DE CHANCELLERIE
AU TITRE DE L'ANNÉE 2019
ÉPREUVES ÉCRITES D ’ ADMISSIBILITÉ 18 et 19 décembre 2018
ANGLAIS
Durée totale de l’épreuve : 1 heure 30 Coefficient : 2
Épreuve écrite de langue vivante étrangère consistant en la traduction en français, sans dictionnaire, d’un texte rédigé en anglais
Texte au verso
Can artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning help save the world's bees? That's the hope of scientists who are scrambling to reverse the dramatic declines in bee populations.
Bees are in trouble, but we're not quite sure why.
It could be the overuse of insecticides; air pollution; warming temperatures; the varroa destructor mite;
or even interference from electromagnetic radiation.
Or it could be a combination of all these factors. But until we have more data, we won't know for sure.
So the World Bee Project and IT firm Oracle are creating a global network of AI "smart hives" to give scientists real-time data into the relationships between bees and their environments.
Up to six sensors will be mounted on hives, capturing the sound of the bees' buzzing, the movement of their feet and wings, the weight of their honey, the hive's humidity, as well as local weather and pollution levels.
Sensors on beehives aren't new, but using AI and machine learning to analyse the data they collect should yield new insights, says John Abel, vice-president of cloud and technology at Oracle.
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Why are bees so important?
Bees are crucial for agriculture: 1.4 billion farming jobs and three-quarters of the world's food supply - worth about $577bn (£447bn) a year - depend on the pollination of crops.
And of the 100 crop species that feed 90% of the world's population, 70 are pollinated by domesticated and wild bees.
"Honey bees are the single most important pollinator on the planet," says Prof Simon Potts.
In the past 50 years, the volume of agricultural production dependent on pollination has risen by 300%, yet at the same time bee populations have plunged.
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More than 40% of invertebrate pollinator species - particularly bees and butterflies - are facing extinction.
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The project fits RFID [radio-frequency identification] chips safely onto individual bees so researchers can record their movements.
We need to increase food production in the next two decades and we have declining bee populations around the world," says Peter Carter at Data61.
"So we're using the data analytics and machine learning to accelerate the rate at which we're making discoveries. We can then make smart decisions about where we invest our human resources, our scientists."
BBC News, 12 November 2018 1895 caractères (espaces non compris)
