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* Primary health care. Report of the International Conference on Primary Health CareAlmaAlta USSR 612 September 1978. Geneva World Health Organization 1978 (Health for All Series No. 1) p.34.

(7)

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fJ4b~{g~6°*f›m•D*

Dr.Andrew Smith

Prevention of Blindness and Deafness

Chronic Disease Prevention and Management World Health Organisation

Avenue Appia Geneva 1211 Switzerland

emailsmitha@who.int Ms. S. Harvest

Education Consultant

Prevention of Blindness and Deafness

Chronic Disease Prevention and Management World Health Organisation

Avenue Appia Geneva 1211 Switzerland

emailsally.harvest@gmail.com Prof. Dr. S Prabakar Immanuel Executive Director and Secretary Holy Cross Service Society Tiruchirapalli

India

Prof. C. Prescott

Associate Professor and Head of Paediatric Services

ENT Department

Red Cross Children’s Hospital Klipfontein Road

Rondebosch 7700 Cape Town South Africa

Dr. P. van Hasselt ENT Specialist Villandry 56

6523 NZ Nijgmegen

The Netherlands Mr. Lionell Horn Ground Floor 211 Wong Chuk Wan

Tai Mong Tsai Road Sai Kung Hong Kong

Mrs. C. Litzke

Audiological Scientist Gilborn 13

30900 WedemarkMellendorf

Germany

(9)

xJ]-Hx’~7

Ónfh_YéŽApY{bCn=pÉn#Ð7Ò{AŽUÐØÐ{Ll=Š\ašdUClare LitzkeOÎéŽÉŽY}cZUÐíMs S. Harvest¢hý}UЊe_Un=ênS …e—UÐ ChrisíSuchitra Prasansukphinh˜UÐéncIúÐíÓnYŽH}UÐØÐ{Ll=ênSí‹he[šUЌLéík—CÐBerlinŒYlika Linzí SallyíAndrew SmithíClare LitzkeíMichael HawkeíRon BrouilletteíPiet van HasseltíPrescott íØÐ{LÎéŽ,íphfbšUÐØЎCÐChristoffel Blindenmissionê{S5Tº{x{!ÐæĆ`UÐ{x{Ļ:CHPˆx}R{LnH{SíHarvest padšžCÐngdAÐ}Y:pbh?ŽUÐp_@Ð}e=ìniØ̋gý5HÌڎT|CÐênSíÒØnCÐÕnšiÎ Akil, Mr PIndia

Alberti, Prof. PSingapore AlKhabori, Dr MOman Amin, Dr BBangladesh Amin, Prof N. MBangladesh Bais, Dr A. SIndia

Bastos, Dr ISweden Brodersen, Mr EDenmark Brouillette, Dr RIndia

Castellanos, Dr. PGuatemala Caswell, Mr PNigeria

Chalmers Dr PUnited Kingdom Cutting, Dr WUnited Kingdom de Carpentier, Brother AJordan Djelantik, Dr BIndonesia Eavey, Dr RUSA

Green, Mr DUSA

Grote, Prof. J. JNetherlands Hoegh, Mr HSwitzerland Larsen, Mr SSwitzerland

MacKenzie, Dr IUnited Kingdom MadrizAlfaro, Dr JCosta Rica Martin, Mr MUnited Kingdom

Matuba, Dr FAngola

Miles, Ms SUnited Kingdom Misquith, Dr. DIndia

Newton, Prof VUnited Kingdom Nickson Dr PDemocratic Rep. Congo Parving, Prof.ADenmark

Prasansuk, Prof. SThailand Shrivastav, Dr R. PrasadNepal Victor, Dr PremIndia

Preston, Mr GAustralia Punani, Mr BIndia

Ratnesar, Mr PUnited Kingdom Raveenderan, Ms JIndia

Raymann, Dr BBrazil

Rogers, Ms RUnited Kingdom Sandi, Dr MBolivia

Shaw, Mr CFrance Shawa, Ms GGaza

Smith, Mrs JUnited Kingdom Van Hasselt, Dr. PNetherlands Walter, D. & CUSA

Weber, Dr M.WWHO Switzerland Wirz, Ms SUnited Kingdom

(10)

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