2018 Health SDG Profile: Myanmar
Last updated October, 2018
Public spending on health³ is determined by the capacity of the government to raise revenues and allocate it to health.
Financial protection is measured through two indicators:
(1) impoverishment, and (2) catastrophic health expenditure.
Impoverishment: Insufficient data
Catastrophic expenditure on health: Insufficient data A summary measure of essential health services coverage, a
composite service coverage index, is used:16 indicators are derived from four main areas of work: (1) reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health; (2) infectious diseases; (3) noncommunicable diseases;
(4) service capacity, access and health security.
Family planning
coverage⁵ Pregnancy care⁵ Care seeking behaviour suspected
pneumonia⁵
Child immunization coverage (DPT3)⁶ 0
50 100
Coverage (%)
75 59 58 75
Reproductive, maternal,newborn and child health
Out-of-pocket expenditure³ In most cases, high percentage of out-of-pocket expenditure out of the total health
expenditure associated with low financial protection
UHC services coverage index of essential health services
Life expectancy
Life expectancy at birth⁴ provides an indication of overall mortality of a country's population. In Myanmar, from 2000 (62.1 years) to 2016 (66.6 years), the life expectancy at birth has improved by 4.5 years.
Healthy life expectancy⁴ reflects overall health of the country's population. In Myanmar, from 2000 (54.7 years) to 2016 (58.4 years), healthy life expectancy has improved by 3.8 years.
Myanmar
Universal health coverage: At the centre of the health goal
The goal of universal health coverage (UHC) is that all people and communities receive the health care they need, without suffering financial hardship. Monitoring UHC requires measuring health service coverage and financial protection (SDG target 3.8).
Population (000s)¹
53 856
Monitoring the health SDG goal: Indicators of overall progress
Urban population² 30.3%
Poverty
Relevant data is not available
GDP per capita³
(Current US$)
1298.9
Current health expenditure as share of GDP³ 4.9%
2000 2007 2015 2016
0 50 100
Age (years)
55 58
62 67
Life expectancy at birth Healthy life expectancy
FINANCIAL PROTECTION
To provide a summary measure of coverage, an index of national service coverage is computed by averaging service coverage values across the 16 tracer indicators. The UHC coverage index ranges from 0% to 100%, with 100% implying full coverage across a range of
services. UHC services coverage Index
0 50 100
Coverage (%)
50
UHC services coverage index
Latest available data (2010-2017)
Out-of-pocket expenditure, as % of the health expenditure (2015) HIV antiretroviral therapy
coverage⁷ Insecticide-treated bednets or Indoor residual spray coverage
for malaria prevention⁸
Access to basic
sanitation⁹ (%) Tuberculosis treatment Coverage¹⁰ 0
50 100
Coverage (%)
55 53 65 72
Infectious diseases
HEALTH SERVICE COVERAGE
Prevalence of normal blood pressure level
in population⁹
Prevalence of normal
fasting glucose level⁹ Cervical cancer
screening¹⁰ Tobacco non-use¹¹ 0
50 100
Coverage (%)
75 93
46 4
Noncommunicable diseases
Health security:IHR
compliance⁹ Density of hospital beds¹², expressed as
% of global threshold, 18/10 000
Heath worker density¹³, expressed
as % of new global threshold, 44.5/10 000
Access to essential medicines¹⁴ 0
50 100
Coverage (%)
62
33 40 43
Service capacity, access and healthy security
(ppp < $1.90 a day)
This profile provides an overview of the current status of achieving better health towards the 13 targets under the Sustainable Development Goal #3 (SDG3):
Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. 25 SDG3 indicators plus other selected
health-related indicators are presented where data is available.
74%
(ppp < $1.90 a day)
4.9%
GDP 2015
Estimated total government expenditure, 2015 or latest available year
Estimated government expenditure on health, 2015 or latest available year
2018 Health SDG Profile: Myanmar
Variation by wealth
SDG 3: Health targets
Maternal and child mortality(SDG target 3.1, 3.2) Maternal mortality ratio¹⁶
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 250 500 750
MMR [100 000 live births ]
308
178
Births attended by skilled health personnel⁵
2010 2015-2016
0 50 100
Coverage (%) 71
60
2000 2005 2010 2015 2016 0
50 100 150
MR [1000 live births]
37
25 82
51
Child mortality¹⁷
Children under-five Neonatal
Equity: Leave no one behind
SDGs emphasis on equity
SDG target 17.18 emphasizes the need for disaggregated data. By 2020, enhance capacity-building support to developing countries to increase significantly the availability of high-quality, timely and reliable data disaggregated by income, gender, age, race, location and other characteristics relevant in national contexts.
Variation by residence Variation by education
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 50 100
Percentage
Sanitation⁹
Rural Urban
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 50 100
Mortality rate
Under five mortality rate⁵
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 50 100
Percentage
Antenatal care coverage⁵
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 50 100
Percentage
Contraceptive (Modern)⁵prevalence rate
Quintile1 (Poorest) Quintile5 (Richest)
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 50 100
Percentage
Stunting⁵
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 50 100
Percentage
Full immunization⁵
No education Secondary school +
Primary school
2000 2005 2010 2015
0.0 50.0 100.0
Percentage
72.4 82.9 Birth registration⁵
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 50 100
50.0 Death registration¹⁵
2000 2005 2010 2015
0
Percentage
Cause of Death
No data
SDGs emphasis on mortality statistics
More reliable vital statistics on births, deaths and causes of death from civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS) systems are required for reporting on 14 health-related SDG mortality indicators. Understanding better what people are dying from can lead to stronger health policies and plans, and improve monitoring of the health-related SDGs.
2018 Health SDG Profile: Myanmar Adolescent birth rate (per 1000 women
aged 15 to 19 years)¹⁸
2007 2016
0 50 100 150
Adolescent birth rate [women aged 15-19 years]
36 17
Malaria incidence⁸
2011 2012 2013 2015 2016 0
5 10 15 20
Malaria IR [1000 pop. at risk]
Total alcohol per capita (age 15+ years) consumption⁴
2003 2008 2010 2015 2016
0 3 6 9
Litres
0.3
4.8
New HIV infections among adults 15 to 49 years⁷
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 0.0
0.2 0.4
HIV IR [100 uninfected pop.]
Indicators Year Myanmar Regional estimate Hepatitis B surface
antigen prevalance among children under 5 years (%)⁴
2015 2.03
Number of people requiring interventions against neglected tropical diseases⁴
2016 39,343,021
0.7
671,797,672 Communicable diseases (SDG target 3.3)
TB incidence¹⁰
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 0
100 200 300 400 500
TB incidence [100 000 pop.]
376 361
Indicators SDG
target Year Myanmar Regional estimate Mortality between 30 and 70 years
of age from cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory diseases⁴ (%)
3.4.1 2016 24.2 23.1
Noncommunicable diseases and injuries
Health worker density⁴
(per 10 000 population) 3.c.1 2016 17.9 -
Health workforce
Malaria incidence is calculated for confirmed malaria cases
International Health Regulations
Core Capacity Index⁴ 3.d.1 2017 62 73
National and global health risks Proportion of married or in-union women of reproductive age who have their need for family planning satisfied with modern methods⁵(%)
3.7.1 2015-2016 75
Adolescent birth rate¹⁸ (per 1000
women aged 15 to 19 years) 3.7.2 2014 36
75.1
33.0 Sexual and reproductive health
Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air
pollution⁴ (per 100 000 population) 3.9.1 2016 156.4 Mortality rate attributed to exposure
to unsafe WASH services⁴
(per 100 000 population) 3.9.2 2016 12.6
Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning⁴
(per 100 000 population) 3.9.3 2016 1.4
164.0
15.4
1.8 Mortality due to environmental pollution
Tobacco use among persons
(25-64 yrs) and older - Female¹¹ 3.a.1 2014 29.1 Tobacco use among persons
(25-64 yrs) and older - Male¹¹ 3.a.1 2014 79.8
- - Tobacco use
Proportion of the population with access to affordable medicines and
vaccines on a sustainable basis¹⁴ 3.b.1 2015 43 Total net official development
assistance to medical research and
basic health per capita⁴ 3.b.2 2016 2.78
-
- Essential medicines and vaccines
Note: A dash (-) implies relevant data are not available
0.5
0.22
11.7
3.5
Suicide mortality rate⁴
(per 100 000 population) 3.4.2 2016 7.8
Total alcohol per capita (age 15+
years) consumption⁴ 3.5.2 2016 4.8
Mortality rate from road traffic
injuries⁴ (per 100 000 population) 3.6.1 2013 20.3
13.2 4.5
17
Total NCD mortality⁹
2000 2005 2010 2015
0 250 500 750 1000
Total NCD mortality rate (per 100 000 pop.)
Female Male
2018 Health SDG Profile: Myanmar
Prevalence of children under 5 years of age who are wasted⁵
2003 2009-10 2015-2016
0 25 50
Proportion (%)
Prevalence of children under 5 years of age who are stunted⁵
2003 2009-10 2015-2016
0 50 100
Proportion (%)
29.2 40.6
Other health-related SDGs
References
1. World population prospects: the 2017 revision. New York: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2017 (http://esa.un.org/wpp/, accessed 9 July 2018).
2. World urbanization prospects: the 2018 revision. New York: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2018 (https://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/DataQuery/, accessed 9 July 2018).
3. Global health expenditure database. Geneva: World Health Organization; June 2016 (http://apps.who.int/nha/database, accessed 11 July 2018).
4. World health statistics 2018: monitoring health for the SDGs. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018.
(http://www.who.int/gho/publications/world_health_statistics/2018/en/, accessed 9 July 2018).
5. Myanmar demographic and health survey 2015-16. Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, and Rockville, Maryland USA: Ministry of Health and Sports and ICF; 2017 ( https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR324/FR324.pdf, accessed 13 July 2018).
6. World Health Organization. WHO/UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage: DTP3. Geneva.
http://apps.who.int/immunization_monitoring/globalsummary/countries?countrycriteria%5Bcountry%5D%5B%5D=TLS&commit=OK -accessed 20 June 2018.See for DTP3 coverage: a proxy for immunization coverage.
7. UNAIDS 2016 estimates for coverage of people receiving ART. http://aidsinfo.unaids.org - accessed 20 June 2018.
8. World Health Organization. Global Malaria Report 2017. http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/world-malaria-report-2017/en/ - accessed 20 June 2018.
9. Global Health Observatory: http://www.who.int/gho/en/ - accessed 20 June 2018.
10. STEPS survey
11. Factsheet 2018: Myanmar. New Delhi: World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia; 2018 (http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/272686/wntd_2018_myanmar_fs.pdf?sequence=2, accessed 13 July 2018) 12. World Health Statistics 2013
13. Country reported (as provided by RA-HRH)
14. Nation-wide service availability and readiness assessment (SARA). Myanmar: Ministry of Health, Myanmar and World Health Organization; 2015 15. SEAR Internal Assessment 2012 - accessed 20 June 2018
16. Trends in maternal mortality: 1990 to 2015 http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/monitoring/maternal-mortality-2015/en/ - accessed 9 July 2018).
17. Levels & Trends in Child Mortality. Report 2015 Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation. New York (NY), Geneva and Washington (DC) http://www.childinfo.org/-accessed 20 June 2018
18. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Fertility Data 2017 http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/theme/fertility/index.shtml - accessed 20 June 2018
Proportion of population using improved
drinking water sources⁴ 6.1 2015 -
Proportion of population using improved
sanitation⁴ 6.2 2015 -
- - Drinking water services and sanitation
Proportion of population with primary
reliance on clean fuel⁴ 7.1 2016 18 41
Clean household energy
Air pollution level in cities⁴ (PM 2.5)
(µg/m³) 11.6.2 2016 34.6 57.3
Ambient air pollution
Number of deaths by disaster⁴ .. 13.1.2 2012-16 <0.1 0.2 Natural disasters
Mortality rate due to homicide⁴
(per 100 000 population) 16.1.1 2016 4.1
Estimated direct deaths from major
conflicts⁴ (per 100 000 population) 16.1.2 2012-16 1.9
4.1 0.1 Homicide and conflicts
Birth registration coverage⁵ 16.9.1 2015-16 81 -
Birth registration
10.7 7.0
Note: A dash (-) implies relevant data are not available
Indicators SDG
target Year Myanmar Regionalestimate General government health expenditure as
% of general government expenditure⁴ 1.a 2016 4.9 8.5
General government health expenditure
Completeness of cause-of-death data⁴
(%) 17.19.2 2005-2015 - 10
Cause-of-death data
Prevalence of children under 5 years who are overweight⁵
2003 2009-10 2015-16
0 7.5 15
Proportion (%)
2.4
1.3
Children under 5 years who are stunted⁵ 2.2.1 2015-2016 29.2 Children under 5 years who are wasted⁵ 2.2.2 2015-2016 7.0 Children under 5 years who are
overweight⁵ 2.2.3 2015-2016 1.3
33.0 15.2 3.4 Child nutrition
