>4%: : : H%>!?2!
,1-0 !>-: H%>!?2!1E:!E+O:+
!6>E1!2E 4% E!>-0? I>-+ 0 -1->,>!04*,!* ( ,#P3F I>-+
406+! !>/0! 2?E-EHE! 2-K!>?-EN 4% >-4H>* +!1-2 !? !> -!>? ) ,5APP >-4H>*
16 L-?? ! !>0 4>E4>-!? %4> E!>-0? -!2! 2 !+2404*N 4>E4>N %4> -41-1!E- !1>2!? 2 !ME-0!? !>+!2%!0 ?E>??! ( ,3P5) E: 00!2
!6>E1!2E 4% +N?-? 2-K!>?-EN 4% >-4H>* +!1-2 H H?"! F ,5APP >-4H>*
-2<- - 4 4 : -0E? 0 -+!> 00>-+ E!-2!> >2/ +!%%40 2 >- : H%>!?2!
+! 2EH>0 L4>0 -? E!!1-2* L-E+ 404> L+-+ 4>-*-2E!? !-E+!> %>41 E+! LK!0!2*E+, !6!2 !2E ?4>6, E-42 4% 0-*+E N 6-*1!2E? 4> %>41 ?EE!>-2* %>41 224?0! ?E>HEH>!? 4> 4E+: +-0! E+! 0EE!>@?E>HEH>0 404>A +? !!2 E46- 4% -2E!2?! ?EH N -2 >!!2E N!>? E+! 14?E K->2E 404>? -2 2EH>! -2K40K! 42E>-HE-42? %>41 4E+ ?E>HEH>! 2 6-*1!2E: +! ?EH N 4% ?E>HEH>!$6-*1!2E -2E!>E-42? -2 -404*-0 ?N?E!1? -? H>>!2E0N -2 -E?
-2%2N 2 4H0 -2?6->! 14>! E!+2404*-0 660-E-42? ?H+ ? ?H?E-20! E4M-2,%>!! 6-*1!2E? 2 14>!
!%%--!2E 0-*+E +>K!?E-2*:
?4>6E-42 ; +4E42-? ; -*1!2E? ; EE!>-2* ; E>HEH>0 404>
ILB% 0C %Q!%33%5I I 450:L3I05- 30-.I 5$ :B7$L!05- !737B
!B7CC I.% %5I0B% O0C03% C:%!IBL4= %C%B!.%BC .O% 375- %%5 (C!05I%$ R 5ILB%AC O0B5I !737BC 5$ I.% L5$%B3R05- 4%!./
50C4C=9 737B :B7$L!I075 0C IR:0!33R !3CC0(0%$ C :0-4%5IBR 7B CIBL!ILB3= 0-4%5IBR !737B 7B0-05I%C (B74 PO%3%5-I./$%:%5/
$%5I C7B:I075 7( 30-.I $L% I7 0IC 05I%B!I075C P0I. I.% %3%!IB750!
CIBL!ILB% 7( :0-4%5IC 5$ $R%C= IBL!ILB3 !737B 7B0-05I%C (B74 I.% 05I%B!I075 7( 30-.I P0I. CIBL!ILB%C I 4L!. 3B-%B C!3%C# !74/
:B3% 05 C0S% I7 I.% PO%3%5-I.C 7( 30-.I= 5 B%!%5I R%BC# I.%B%
.O% %%5 IB%4%5$7LC $O5!%C 05 7LB L5$%BCI5$05- 7( CIBL!/
ILB3 B7LI%C I7 !737B :B7$L!I075# 5$ B%C%B!.%BC .O% $%C0-5%$
OB0%IR 7( BI0(0!03 CIBL!ILB%C %4L3I05- I.% CIBL!ILB3 !737BC :B7/
$L!%$ R 5ILB%=K %I# 5ILB%AC 47CI O0B5I !737BC 7(I%5 $%(R I.0C C04:3% !3CC0(0!I075 C!.%4%# 5$ %4%B-% (B74 I.% !77:%BI075 7(
C!II%B05- 5$ C7B:I075=J
0737-0!3 :0-4%5IC !5 % B7L-.3R !3CC0(0%$ 05I7 IP7 -B7L:C#
B7$5$ 5$ PO%3%5-I./C%3%!I0O%= B7$5$ :0-4%5IC# 302%
4%3505# B% L0>L0I7LC 5$ %Q0CI 05 !I%B0# 05C%!IC# 5043C# 7B .L45C# I7 1LCI 54% (%P=, L4%3505 0C I.% 47CI !74475/
IR:% 7( 4%3505= I .C CIB75- C7B:I075 !B7CC 5$ O0C03%
PO%3%5-I.C# 5$ LCL33R ::%BC 05 OB07LC C.$%C 7( 3!2 7B
$%%: B7P5# $%:%5$05- 75 :0-4%5I !75!%5IBI075= O%3%5-I./
C%3%!I0O% :0-4%5IC 05!3L$% !.37B7:.R33C 05 :35IC# !B7I%570$C 05 :35IC 5$ 5043C# 5$ :I%B05C 05 LII%B(30%C=+ .37B7:.R33C / C7B 30-.I 7I. 05 I.% B%$ 5$ 05 I.% 3L% B%-075C 7( I.% O0C03% 30-.I
C:%!IBL4 5$ ::%B C -B%%5=F B7I%570$C IR:0!33R C7B PO%3%5-I.C B5-05- (B74 ,TT 54 I7 ++T 54 5$ ::%B C B%$#
7B5-%# 7B R%337P !737BC=E B7I%570$C B% B%C:75C03% (7B I.%
!737BC 7( 45R :35IC 5$ (BL0IC# CL!. C LII%B!L:C# !BB7IC# !7B5 5$ :B0!7IC= 5043C !5 05I2% !B7I%570$C R $0%I= .% 7B5-%
7( -73$(0C. 5$ I.% R%337P 7( I.% !5BR 0B$ B% !3CC0! %Q4:3%C=
0737-0!3 557CIBL!ILB%C :B7$L!05- CIBL!ILB3 !737BC B% IB%/
4%5$7LC3R $0O%BC%# 5$ B% P%33 B%O0%P%$ 05 C%O%B3 B%!%5I B/
I0!3%C=& .%C% :.7I750! 557CIBL!ILB%C B% IR:0!33R !3CC0(0%$ R I.% $04%5C07530IR 5$ $%-B%% 7( IB5C3I0753 7B$%B= .% -B%%5 5$ :LB:3% !737BC 7( :5%C% 1%P%3 %%I3%C B% :B7$L!%$ R B%-L3B 4L3I0/3R%B%$ CIBL!ILB%# C C.7P5 05 0-= 9#=6 0((%B%5I
!737BC .%B% B0C% (B74 C04:3% IL505- 7( I.% 3R%B I.0!25%CC%C=
.% $0475$ P%%O03 :B7$L!%C !737B R C!II%B05- (B74 CIBL!/
ILB% P0I. I.B%%/$04%5C0753 375-/B5-% 7B$%B ;0-= 9!'%<=9T .%
%CI%B5 3L%0B$ :B7$L!%C 3L% (B74 5%IP7B2 P0I. C.7BI/B5-%$
7B$%B 05 I.B%% $04%5C075C ;0-= 9 (#-<=99 %C:0I% I.0C P0$% B5-%
7( 47B:.737-0%C# I.% $74055I 4%!.50C4 7( !737B :B7$L!I075 05 33 7( I.%4 0C 05I%B(%B%5!% 7( 30-.I C!II%B%$ (B74 C:I03 -B$0%5IC 05 I.% B%(B!I0O% 05$%Q=9K
0-4%5IC 5$ CIBL!ILB% BB%3R P7B2 375%= ILB%AC O0O0$ !73/
7BC IR:0!33R B%CL3I (B74 (05%3R IL5%$ 05I%B:3R %IP%%5 CIBL!ILB/
3 5$ :0-4%5IBR !737B=9J %B%# 7LB 05IL0I075C 7LI .7P !737BC 40Q !5 % 7( 30II3% LC%= 3!2 5$ P.0I% 4I%B03C $7 57I 40Q I7 42% -BR# LI 3L%# 7B -B%%5# C $%C!B0%$ %37P=
.% CLB:B0C05- 05I%B:3R 7( :0-4%5I 5$ 557CIBL!ILB% 0C %O0/
$%5I 05 5 05O%CI0-I075 7( I.% 3L% 1R# P.%B% I.% !737BI075 7( 5 3057 1R (%I.%B PC !74:B%$ I7 57B43 $B2/3L% 1R (%I./
%B=,! 3050C4 0C I.% 3!2 7( :0-4%5I :B7$L!I075 R 5 5043=
3I.7L-. I.% 557C!3% 47B:.737-0%C 7( I.% 3057 5$ 57B43 (%I.%BC B% 0$%5I0!3# I.% 3057AC (%I.%BC B% 40CC05- I.% 1RAC
!.B!I%B0CI0! CILBI%$ 3L%= 5CI%$# I.%R B% P.0I%# P0I. (05I .05I 7( 3L%# C C.7P5 05 0-= K#= .LC# 4%3505 0C %CC%5I03 05 4205- CILBI%$ 3L%# %O%5 I.7L-. 0I 0C B7$5$ C7B/
05- :0-4%5I= 5$%%$# 4%3505C B% (7L5$ 05 I.% C:75-R 4%$L33BR I0CCL% 7( 0B$ (%I.%BC 05 !37C% :B7Q040IR I7 I.% 2%BI05/0B 557/
1
htt p: //d oc.rero.c h
Published in "CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 73(1): 43–46, 2019"
which should be cited to refer to this work.
5 I.% %Q4:3%C 7O%# C!II%B05- 5$ C7B:I075 P7B2 05$%/
:%5$%5I3R# P0I. $0CI05!I CRCI%4 !74:75%5IC B%C:75C03% (7B %!.
(L5!I075= .03% I.0C C04:30(0%C I.% :.RC0!C 5$ 3%$C I7 C74% C04/
:3% $%C0-5 BL3%C# 45R 5ILB3 CRCI%4C :B7$L!% !737B R C!II%B05- (B74 :0-4%5I%$ CIBL!ILB%C= 7B %Q4:3%# 0B$C :B7$L!% 0B0$%C!%5I
!737B R C!II%B05- (B74 7B-50S%$ BBRC 7( 4%3505/!75I0505- 7B-5%33%C=+#9E %!%5I3R# I.0C ::B7!. .C %%5 $7:I%$ 05 CR5/
I.%I0! 4I%B03C P.%B% :73R$7:405% 557:BI0!3%C 4040! 4%3/
57C74%C= .03% CLC:%5C075C 7( I.%C% :BI0!3%C B% 3!2# I.%R :B7/
$L!% !737BC IL53% !B7CC I.% O0C03% C:%!IBL4 P.%5 :!2%$ 05I7 BBRC P0I. C.7BI/B5-%$ 7B$%B 7B !CI 05I7 I.05 (034C=9& .R B%
:BI0!3%C 4$% (B74 C7B05- 4I%B03C C7 %((%!I0O% I :B7$L!05- CIBL!ILB3 !737BC? .03% !B%(L3 CIL$0%C 7( I.% CIBL!ILB%':B7:%BIR B%3I075C 7( I.%C% 4I%B03C B% 3!205-# C74% C0! :.RC0!3 :B05/
!0:3%C !5 :B7O0$% C74% 05C0-.IC=
!II%B05- 5$ C7B:I075 B% 05I04I%3R B%3I%$# 7I. $%B0O05- (B74 I.% C4% 4I%B03 :B7:%BIR" I.% $0%3%!IB0! (L5!I075= .% B%3 :BI 7( I.% $0%3%!IB0! (L5!I075 $%I%B405%C I.% B%(B!I0O% 05$%Q# 5$
I.LC I.% C!II%B05- %.O07B= .% 04-05BR :BI 7( I.% $0%3%!IB0!
(L5!I075 $%I%B405%C C7B:I075= .% B%3 5$ 04-05BR :BIC 7(
I.% $0%3%!IB0! (L5!I075 !557I % OB0%$ 05$%:%5$%5I3R# LI 4LCI CI0C(R I.% B4%BC/B750- B%3I075=96 7B %Q4:3%# C7B:I075 7O%B 5BB7P 5$ 7( PO%3%5-I.C B%CL3IC 05 :%2 7( I.% B%(B!/
I0O% 05$%Q I 375-%B# 5%BR PO%3%5-I.C= .0C :B05!0:3% 0C 50!%3R
$%475CIBI%$ R I.% !74475# B0-.I3R !737B%$ ) LII%B(30%C#
P.0!. B5-% 05 !737B (B74 P.0I% I7 B%$=KT ;0-= K%< %B%# :I%B05 :0-4%5IC B% !75!%5IBI%$ 05C0$% B0!%/C.:%$ %$C P0I.05 I.%
LII%B(3R P05- C!3%C= .% :I%B05C !5 :3R IP7 B73%C# I.%R ;0< / C7B 30-.I I C.7BI PO%3%5-I.C 5$ ;00< %5.5!% 30-.I C!II%B05- I 375-%B PO%3%5-I.C= C C.7P5 05 0-= K(#-# I.% 7B5-% P05- C!3%C CIBL!ILB%C I.I $%(05% CIBL!ILB3 !737BC=+ 3C7# B7$5$ :0-/
4%5IC .O% %%5 %Q:370I%$ I7 %5.5!% !737BI075 05 5L4%B 7(
CR5I.%I0! CIBL!ILB33R !737B%$ 4I%B03C= 7B %Q4:3%# 7BCI%B .(
!( C.7P%$ !B75 3!2 !7L3$ %5.5!% I.% 575/0B0$%C!%5I -B%%5 7( 0C7IB7:0! :!205-C 7( !737B3%CC :73RCIRB%5% 557:BI0!3%C# C C.7P5 05 0-= K!#$=9, 0I. 30II3% !B75 3!2# I.% (034C P%B%
P.0I% P0I. .05I 7( -B%%5# 0-= K!= 0I. 5 %Q!%CC 7( !B75 3!2#
I.%R ::%B%$ 3!2= 7P%O%B# P.%5 I.% !75!%5IBI075 7( !B75 3!2 PC 1LCI B0-.I# CILBI%$ -B%%5 !737B ::%B%$=
.% C0! :.RC0!3 :B05!0:3% 7( I.0C CLB:B0C05- %((%!I 0C BI.%B C04:3%= O%5 I.7L-. I.% IB5C3I0753 7B$%B 7( I.% 557CIBL!ILB%
!LC%C C74% PO%3%5-I.C I7 % C!II%B%$ 47B% CIB75-3R I.5 7I./
%BC# I.0C :B%(%B%5!% 0C 57I :%B(%!I= 5R :.7I75 P033 %O%5IL33R % C!II%B%$ 0( -0O%5 4L3I0:3% 7::7BIL50I0%C I7 05I%B!I P0I. I.% 557/
CIBL!ILB%= .LC# I.0!2 C4:3%C I%5$ I7 ::%B P.0I%=9+ R 05IB7/
$L!05- I.% B0-.I >L5I0IR 7( B7$5$ C7B%BC I7 I.% 4I%B03#
753R PO%3%5-I.C I.I 05I%B!I I.% 47CI CIB75-3R P0I. I.% 557/
CIBL!ILB% P033 % C!II%B%$ (B74 I.% C4:3% %(7B% %05- C7B%$=
0-4%5IC 5%%$ .%3: (B74 C!II%B05-# I77= .03% :0-4%5IC !75/
IB73 C7B:I075# P% C%% 47CI 5ILB3 71%!IC 05 B%(3%!I075= 0-4%5IC 753R :B7$L!% CILBI%$ !737BC 05 B%(3%!I075 P.%5 I.%R B% %4%$$%$
05 CIB75-3R C!II%B05-# 7I.%BP0C% P.0I%# 4I%B03= .0C 04:7BI5I
%((%!I 0C (4030B 0( R7L .O% %O%B 7L-.I :05I= 5!% R7L .O% C%/
3%!I%$ R7LB !737B/7(/!.70!%# I.% !3%B2 42%C I.% :05I R 40Q05- I.% :0-4%5I P0I. CIB75- P.0I% C%= ILB% LC%C I.% C4% IB0!2=
50!% %Q4:3% 0C I.% R%337P (%I.%B B 7( I.% 4%B0!5 -73$/
(05!. ;)1! * .) *. *<= %B%# !B7I%570$ :0-4%5I 0C %4%$$%$
05 557CIBL!ILB% 7( !737B3%CC 2%BI05 5$ 0B=9F .%5 C!II%B05- (B74 I.% 557CIBL!ILB% 0C CL::B%CC%$ R 05(03IBI075 P0I. 5 05$%Q/
4I!.05- CLCI5!%# I.% O0B5I !737B ($%C I7 (05I R%337P=
-*: 5: EH>0 !M160!? 4% ?E>HEH>0 404>: 8 4>?0 K-!L 4% %!10! 62!?! .!L!0 !!E0! : +! !0NE> 2 E+4>M >!
*>!!2 L-E+ 6H>60! ?E>-6!? 7?0! > P:( 18: 8 >2?1-??-42 !0!E>42 1->4*>6+ 4% 6H>60! ?!E-42? 4% E+! .!L!0 !!E0! !0NE> 7?0! > 5 118:
8 +! -142 L!!K-0 ?-E? 42 *>!!2 0!% L-E+ -E? 0/ !0NE> ?EH ! L-E+ 2H1!>4H? N!004L,*>!!2 6-E? ?-EE-2* 42 *>!!2 0!%
7>04? : -!->48: 8 ?-2*0! ?0! 4% E+! -142 L!!K-0 L-E+ %!L -%%!>!2E0N 404>! 41-2? 7?0! > GP 118: !8 4% ?-2*0! ?0! 4% E+!
-142 L!!K-0 >!K!0-2* 6+4E42- >N?E0 ?E>HEH>! 7?0! > G 118: %8 0! ?E!>2 0H!-> 7 8: *8 +22!0,EN6! ,/!>E-2 2 -> 224?E>HEH>! %>41 / 42E4H> %!E+!> >? 4% : -*: 5 8 8 >!6>4 H! L-E+ 6!>1-??-42 4% 4 4 : -0E?:3-*: 5 8$!8 >!6>4, H! L-E+ 6!>1-??-42 4% 4N0 4-!EN:5P-*: 5 %8 *8 >!6>4 H! L-E+ 6!>1-??-42 4% >- : H%>!?2!:55
2
htt p: //d oc.rero.c h
:.%574%5 !7L3$ %4%B-% P.%5 4I%B03C B% $%C0-5%$ C7 I.I I.%
5$ 7( %5.5!%$ B%(B!I0O% 05$%Q $L% I7 C7B:I075 7O%B3:C P0I.
I.% 5$ 7( PO%3%5-I.C C%3%!I%$ R I.% 557CIBL!ILB%=9J
%P 05C0-.IC 05I7 I.% 05I%B:3R 7( C!II%B05- 5$ C7B:I075 .O% I.% :7I%5I03 I7 04:!I I%!.5737-R 75 I 3%CI IP7 (B75IC=
0BCI# !744%B!03 :0-4%5IC B%3R 75 BB%/%BI. %3%4%5IC 7B I7Q0!
!.%40!3 !74:7C0I075C 5$ I.%B%(7B% !5 % %Q:%5C0O% 5$ $5/
-%B7LC I7 I.% %5O0B754%5I= 5 (!I# 0I 0C B%:7BI%$ I.I PCI%PI%B (B74 I.% I%QI03% (!I7B0%C 0C !3CC0(0%$ C 75% 7( I.% 47CI :733LI05- 7( 33 05$LCIB03 C%!I7BC=KK R%C !5 B%405 05 PI%B (7B $%!$%C#
!LC05- $4-% I7 I.% >LI0! %5O0B754%5I 5$ 3040I05- $7P5/
CIB%4 %5%(0!03 LC%C 7( PI%B# CL!. C %05- LC%$ C $B05205- PI%B= :I040S%$ CIBL!ILB%':0-4%5I 05I%B!I075C !7L3$ %53%
I.% LC% 7( 47B% CLCI053%# 575/I7Q0! :0-4%5IC 5$ :B7!%CC%C# C P%33 C B%$L!% I.% 5%!%CCBR 47L5I 7( %Q0CI05- :0-4%5IC 5%%$%$
I7 42% I.% O0B5I !737BC B%>L0B%$ (7B !7C4%I0!C# BIC# 5$ (77$=
7( #.%) * )" #* .O% 5 C7B:I075 :%2 C7B:I075 I ,ET 54# P.0!. 3%$C I7 B%(B!I0O% 05$0!%C 7O% K=K 05 5$ 7(
PO%3%5-I.C 5%B ++T 54= 7B% -%5%B33R# I.% %5.5!%4%5I 7(
C!II%B05- R C7B:I075 3C7 :3RC 5 04:7BI5I B73% 05 B7$5$
C7B%BC# 302% 4%3505= 5 I.%C% !C%C# I.% 4757I750! $%!R 7(
C7B:I075 P0I. 05!B%C05- PO%3%5-I. B%CL3IC 05 .0-. 05$0!%C 7(
B%(B!I075 !B7CC I.% O0C03% B5-% 5$ CIB75-3R %5.5!%$ C!II%B/
05-=K9
.%C% B%!%5I CIL$0%C CL--%CI I.I I.%B% B% 45R %Q!0I05- 7:/
:7BIL50I0%C 05 C0! 5$ ::30%$ C!0%5!%C (7B I.% CIL$R 7( CIBL!/
ILB%':0-4%5I 05I%B!I075C= .% B4%BC/B750- B%3I075 7((%BC LC%(L3 (0BCI CI%: I7PB$ L5$%BCI5$05- I.%C% %((%!IC= 7P%O%B# I.%
4L3I0/C!3% 5ILB% 7( I.%C% 7:I0!3 !74:7C0I%C B0C%C (L5$4%5/
I3 >L%CI075C 7LI .7P I.% $0%3%!IB0! (L5!I075C 7( C% 4I%B03C
!7L:3%C P0I. C!II%B05- I I.% 557C!3% I7 $%I%B405% I.% %((%!/
I0O% $0%3%!IB0! (L5!I075 7( I.% !74:7C0I%= % .R:7I.%C0S% I.I 5%P
-*: G: ?4>6E-42 !2+2!? ?EE!>-2*: 8 +4E4*>6+ 4% E!00!>=? .N N E!6+!2 -2*: 8 +4E4*>6+ 4% E+! 1!024E- E!00!>=? .N N -00 +14/!>: 8 +4E4*>6+ 4% &K! >46,?E &01? 4% GGB 2 GB( 21 ?6+!>!? 42E-2-2* >42 0/: 160! 2H1!>? 2 -2 LE9 6, 6!> 4K! 2 !04L E+! ?160!? >!?6!E-K!0N: 8 -1*! 4% E+! -2E!>-4> >!*-42 4% ?160! F@ E+! &!0 4% K-!L -? A:# J1 L- !@ 6-!! 4% -?
-2 -E! L-E+ 2 >>4L: !8 +4E4*>6+? 4% 10! 6-!>- HEE!>'-!?: 7E46 0!%E8: 7E46 >-*+E8: 74E, E41 0!%E8: 74EE41 >-*+E8: %8 ?4>6E-42 ?6!E> 4% 6-*1!2E! ! ? 4% E+! %4H> 6-!>- HEE!>'-!?: *8 !0 6>E 4% E+! >!%>E-K! -2 -!? 4%
6-*1!2E! ! ?: 4> 416>-?42 E+! >!%>E-K! -2 !M 4% +-E-2 -? ! : -*: G 8 8 >!6>4 H! L-E+ 6!>1-??-42 4% ?42 : 4>?E!>:5)-*: G !8$*8
>!6>4 H! L-E+ 6!>1-??-42 4% 4 4 : -0E?:GP
3
htt p: //d oc.rero.c h
# 0# &+K# " 9T=9TJ&G5ILB%T96,9D %< = 7C.072# = 057C.0I#
)%( %5( %( # 0+/# 9K6# " 9T=9T6&GBC:=KTT+=JJ9,=
6 = = IO%5-# = = 03IC# = = %%BI7LP%B# = B0R4# !%*( )#*(
%5( %( # /,,# ET6# " 9T=9T6&GBCI=KT9T=T96E=
9T = = 03IC# = 0!.0%3C%5# = L0:%BC# = % %$I# = = IO%5-# )%(
%5( %( # 0+$# K+K,# " 9T=9T6&GBC:=KT99=KF+9=
99 = = L(B%C5%# = 7.# = B5I.5# = = = 7!.B0%# = 7# = = BL4# %. ..) # # " 9T=9TJ6G6TKEE+2=
9K = 057C.0I# = 7C.072# "'5*" # ,# 9,,K# " 9T=9TTKG
!:.!=KTT+TTTTE=
9J = = 03IC# = ICLC.0I# = B02P# = = IO%5-# ( %5( %( #.)(
# &0# " 9T=9T6&GBC0(=KT9+=TE9E=
9, = = 7BCI%B# = 7.# = = 0%P# = B5I.5# = = !.B%!2# = 5-# = = B2# = = BL4# = = = 7!.B0%# = = A%B5# = 7# = = L(B%C5%#
2( .)( # 00# K6J6# " 9T=9TTKG$4=KTT6TJF6J=
9+ < = = 0%BC4# .( %.%#( # +# 9&&# " 9T=9TJ&G:.7I75=KT9J=K6D
< = = 03IC# = .%5-# = 733%B# = 0S# = L0SB/0!0B7C# = %#
= 7::%# = = 0L# = 5-(7B$# = = 5%330# = .%5# = 7B>LI7#
= I%05%B# = = !.B7%B# = 0-573050# = %:%# 2( .)( # /6#
%9ETKT+E# " 9T=9TTKG$4=KT9ETKT+E=
9F = = .P2%R# = = 033# %!( ..( # 9# 9K9# " 9T=9T6&G BC3=KTT,=TK&6=
9E < = = 30C75# = = 0II75# = = .P2%R# )%( %5( %( # 06# " 9T=9T6&GBC:=KT9J=9+T+D < = LBB%B# @!.033%B(B%5
$%B 7-%3(%$%B 3C O73LI075C:B73%4" %3%2IB75%5402B7C27:0C!.%
5I%BCL!.L5- $%B !.033%BCIBL2ILB%5# 0.B%B 7B:.7-%5%C% L5$ 53RC% O75
%3%2I075C4%!.50C4%5 ;C:%S0%33 $B-%3%-I 4 %0C:0%3 $%B M.5%BO8-%3<A#
B%IS# =
9& < = = 04# = 5-# = = 04# #"1 ) # /6# &J+T# " 9T=9TK9G 3+TK9+E:D < = = 5-# = = %# = = L# = = 07# = 5-# * ''!( .)( #.)( # # 9FK&6# " 9T=9TK9G!C40=FTJEJ6D !<
= P4LB# = 7.B0# = 7B047I7# = 550!.0# = 50-L!.0# = 0C.02P# ( '= # ,# " 9T=9TJ&GCB%:JJ6&,D $< = 07# = = 0# = = 33%5# = = %.%R5# = = L%# = = .7# = = 055%C!.0#
= = .P2%R# = .0571P3# * #% # $# +,+,# " 9T=9TK9G
!C557=+T9K6&=
96 = L!B050# = = B05%5# = = %0:75%5# = = BI005%5# @B4%BC/B750-
%3I075C 05 :I0!3 I%B03C %C%B!.A# :B05-%B %B305 %0$%3%B-# = KT = = 03IC# = 015%5# = = %%BI7LP%B# = I%05%B# = = IO%5-# 2(
'.( .)( # # " 9T=9TTKG$74=KT9FTT&E6=
K9 = = 03IC# = 0!.0%3C%5# = % %$I# = = IO%5-# )%( .!( ( ( # &&&# ,JFJ# " 9T=9TEJG:5C=9JKJF99999=
KK = = $7C 5I7C# = = %BO5I%C# = = O5 0%B# %)*%1)( #%!( #
$# KJF6# " 9T=9T9FG1=07BI%!.=KTTF=99=T9J=
KJ = = B0457O# = = 03$0C.%O# ''!( 5*( ..= # $# " BI5 T,99TF9T=9TFJG9=J9&,+6,=
K, < = = 7# = = %B-.L01C# = II%# = %B7O%5# = %BB%45C# = 05#
= = %II# = %B57LIC# = %RC# = %3(%5# = = B>L.B# = = IBL02#
= = 0!730# !#. !! #2 )%#( # /$# +T# " 9T=9999G:!%=9K+6TD
< = = 7-%3455# = = 0C.07# = = 40I.# )#* !#. ( # &# F+#
" 70 9T=9T9FG9JFT/9J&+;6F<&TTJ9/&=
K+ = 0-7LB$5# = 0%BBI# = B405I0# ) 2 ')') #. ) 2"9&TF=T&9&&
=
KF < = BI%C0# = LBB%C0# = 0730# = R5!2# = = 0%BC4# '.( 4'( # 0&# ,FT# " 9T=9JF,G%=K9=TT,FTD < = L3$05# = LII5%B# = 733%#
= = %335$# = L33%B/LC!.L4# = = B0%5$# = I%05%B# = %IB%L3I#
#% ..( # 9T# KJTJ# " 9T=9TK9G536T,T9EID !< = !.4-%B# = B0IS# = M50-# = 05-# = %44%B# = = 0!.B$C# = 74B$# = =
%IS73$# %.%#= # # KF&E# " 9T=9TK9G!C:.7I750!C=ET99+JD
$< = R5!2# = LBB%C0# = 0730# = = 0%BC4# .( .)= # &&#
9T9E# " 9T=9TJ&G4IJ,,K=
.% 05I%B:3R 7( C!II%B05- 5$ C7B:I075 !7L3$ 3C7 !75IB0LI%
I7 %5%B-R .BO%CI05-=KJ 5 I.0C $7405# 5ILB% -05 .C 4L!.
I7 I%!. LC= 7B %Q4:3%# I.% -B%%5 3%O%C 7( :35IC (7!LC 5$
C!II%B 30-.I I.B7L-. I.05 3R%BC 7( I0CCL%C I7 %53% B%4B23R
%((0!0%5I 30-.I .BO%CI05-=K, 5$%%$# B%!%5I I.%7B%I0!3 P7B2 .C C.7P5 I.I 37!33R 7B$%B%$ LI -3733R $0C7B$%B%$ CIBL!ILB%C
%5.5!% I.% C7B:I075 7( 30-.I (7B I.% C4% 47L5I 7( 4I%/
B03=K+ %P 05C0-.IC 05I7 I.% 05I%B!I075C 7( 30-.I C!II%B05- 5$
C7B:I075 !7L3$ 57I 753R 3%$ I7 %II%B L5$%BCI5$05- 7( 3%(
:.RC0737-R# LI 4R 3C7 CL--%CI 5%P CIBI%-0%C (7B I.% $%C0-5 7(
30-.I/.BO%CI05- $%O0!%C# (( I.%0B LC% 05 C73B !%33C 7B CIB75-3R C7B05- 4I%B03C=KF
% I.52 B0- B7$%BC%5 (7B LC%(L3 !75O%BCI075C= .0C B%C%B!.
PC :BI3R CL::7BI%$ I.B7L-. I.% I0753 %5IB% 7( 74:%I%5!% 05
%C%B!. @07/ 5C:0B%$ I%B03CA# I.% $73:.% %B23% 7L5$I075 ;I7 5$ <# I.% 40S075% :B7-B44% 7( I.% P0CC I0753 !0%5!%
7L5$I075 ;9F&KKJ I7 <=
.% LI.7BC $%!3B% I.I I.%R .O% 57 !74:%I05- 05I%B%CIC=
9 < = R3%0-.# )%( %5( %( %#( # $/# +F+# " 9T=9T6&G BC:=969E=TT,TD < = 45# @.% 7B0-05 7( I.% !737LBC 05 I.% :3L4-% 7(
0B$CA# 05 )% #* % . # # "5 % #C# %!I075 # 73=
9# :B05-%B# # :: 9/ED !< = 772%# @0!B7-B:.0A# 33%CIBR# D $<
= %PI75# @:I0!2C# 7B# IB%I0C% 7( I.% B%*%!I075C# B%(B!I075C# 05*%!I075C !737LBC 7( 30-.IA# 7LB0%B 7B:7BI075# D %< = !2C75# @05-)C.%B 3L%" B%CLB%C 7( 5 5!0%5I .05%C% BIA# %5 :%%$ B%CC# D (< = = IO%5-# = 05%B-%5# = = %%BI7LP%B# = = 03IC# ( 4'( %!( # 0&# J6FT# " 9T=9K,KG1%=TFKFKT=
K < = 733%# = %%# 2( .)( # /6# 9ETKFF6# " 9T=9TTKG
$4=KT9ETKFF6D < = .7# = 0%# = L# = .L# = L# "( %( 2(
# &# JK6E# " 9T=9TJ6G!K!C9+KFE!=
J = = IO%5-# .)( %5 )%( # &# 9T6# " 9T=9T9FG1=4I/
:B=KT9,=T6=TTE=
, < =/= C0L5-# = = 3!23%$-%# = = .P2%R# ( 4'( %!( # 0&#
JFJK# " 9T=9K,KG1%=9K&&T9D < = = 03%R# #.( ( %"( !! %!(
# 0$# 9KJ+D !< = = .P2%R# = = 033# ( 4'( %!( # 06$# 9K,+#
" 9T=9K,KG1%=TK99+=
+ < = = .P2%R# = = 7B%.7LC%# = L2LC0!# ( %5( %( #.)( # ,#
KK9# " 9T=9T6&GBC0(=KTT&=T,+6=(7!LCD < = = 033# @0B$ !737BI075"
4%!.50C4C 5$ 4%CLB%4%5ICA# BOB$ 50O%BC0IR B%CC# D !< = =
%%# @ILB%AC :3%II% " I.% C!0%5!% 7( :35I !737BA# 50O%BC0IR 7( .0!-7 B%CC# .0!-7# =
F = CB%((# %"( ( # &0# 9J9=
E < = C3%B# @B7I%570$CA# 73= 5$ KJ# C%3# 0B2.LC%B# D <
= = BL4# = = 7L5I05# = = %B-# = = L%B# = = B52# (
%"'( 5* %!( # &# F+9# " 9T=9TTEGCTTJFT/T9,/T&9F/9D !<
= 04:C75# = %B$# = I5-%# 1!! %"( # +$# 966# "
9T=9TTEG6E&/J/J96/J69KF/ENE=
& < = 5$B%P 0!.B$# ( '.( # 0# 9+D < = 057C.0I# = 7C.072# = 0RS20# '( )%( 5*( # +&# " 9T=9T&>TJ,/,&&+GE9GEGTEF,T9D
!< = 0-573050# = 7RB7L$# = = 37O%B# = I%05%B# ( %5( %( #.)=
# &6 " 9T=9T6&GBC0(=KT9J=TJ6,D $< = L2LC0!# = = 43%C# .1)
4
