العلاقات الروسية الامريكية بعد فترة الحرب الباردة- دراسة حالة إقليم كوسوفو

(1)

- -

2009 2010

1430 1431

(2)

.

(3)

(4)

(5)

2001

2001 2001

1913 1990

(6)

(7)

(8)

2001

(9)

2001

(10)

1992

2001

(11)

1 2 2001

3

(12)

2001

(13)

(14)

(15)

1

waltz keneth

1979 1996

elman waltz

1996

(16)

elman

Theory

faits

. 1

.

2004 2005

14

2

2003

3

1986 36

(17)

2 1

²

Pol Sipirit

12.11 1

1998 2

8

(18)

Sharles Hermann

Rosenau James

"

1998 1

157

11 2

328 3

8 4

9

(19)

historical experiences strategic

circumstances

449 1

(20)

form of behavior

14 1

15 157 2

15 3

4

(21)

basic

motivation 1990

1) Volker Rittberger.

Approaches to the study of Foreign Policy derived from

international relations theories, In site internet:

http://www.isanet.org/noarchive/rittberger.html.

(22)

Morgenthau

Carr, Morgenthau

1945

Kenneth Waltz

2005 1

30 20 2

3

2004 84

(23)

Kenneth Waltz

" top-

down approaches "

Unit- Level –

Influences K.Waltz

Morgenthau

Carr

Niebuhr ) James D.fearon, Domestic Politics. Foreign Policy and Theories of 1

International Relations, In site internet:

http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/ Johnston / gov2880/fearon.pdf. p 12.

2) Volker Rittberger. Approaches to the study of Foreign Policy derived from international relations theories,op cit. Volker Rittberger

(24)

1 2 2 3

4

5 6

7 8 9

10

11

1

http://www.geocities.com/adelzeggagh/IR

20 2

22

3

2007 146

(25)

Billiard-ball

12

Morgenthau Rational

30 1

81 2

31 3

32

(26)

H.Kissinger

40 1

100 2

3

2004 245

4 ) James D . fearon, Op.cit, p 297.

) James N.Rosenau, International politics and foreign policy, (New-York 5

the free

press,1969),p 261.

55 6

)- frédéric charillon , 7

politique Etrangére nouveaux regards,( Paris Presses de la fondation

nationale des sciences politiques,2002 ) p33.

(27)

K.Waltz

43 1

44

44 2

jean.Jacques roche, Théories des relations international,( Paris 3

éditions monthrestien ,E J-

A.5 ° éditions,2004) p 42.

(28)

systémique

"

K.Waltz

110 1

11 2

12 2003

http://www.awu-dam.org/politic/11-12/fkr11-12-004.htm

327 3

44 4

(29)

H.Kissinger

the model of homo

oeconomicus goal-oriented

91 1

172 2

45 3

) James N.Rosenau,op.cit,p261. 4

27 5

Volker Rittberger, op.cit. 6

(30)

Self-preservation K.Waltz

25 1

24 2

25

3

http://elibrary.grc.to/ar/penquin/page_1_8.htm

4

1989 309

James D.Fearon, op.cit, p 294. 5

(31)

K.Waltz

Charles Kupchne

Purely systemic neorealist Theory

28 1

25 2

21 3

22 4

(32)

Neo-Classical Realism

The Defensive Theory Stephen Van Evara

Robert Jervis Joseph Grieco

Giden Rose, "Neoclassical realism and theories of foreign policy", 1

World Politics, Vol

51,1998 ,p p146-149.

2

(33)

Cooperative Realism

The Offensive Theory

John J.Mearsheimer/ Stephen Walt/ Farid Zakaria

1

2004

2

)- . 3

John-Mearsheimer:.Realism.the worlds and academia,(USA: university of Chicago, 2000), p 01

(34)

Christensen

192 1

193 2

25 3

4

2002 36

(35)

inter societal extre

societal

innenpolitik theory

James D.Fearon /Giden Rose

Colin Elman

Giden Rose, op.cit,p152. 1

145 2

146

(36)

Domestic Politics Theories

Richard Snyder Brohk

Spain

linkage politics

1 -

2 -

3

8 1

James D.Fearon, op.cit, p 290 2

(37)

posen 1984

snyder 1984

van evera

1

krasner's 1976

domestic-

intutional legs 1900

1913

christensen

freidberg

non strategic

Non Unitary Actor

James D.Fearon Suboptimal Foreign Poilicy

27 1

28

2), Giden Rose, op.cit, p156.

3) Ibid, 159.162.

(38)

Giden Rose

Stephen Peter, Rosen, Kenneth

M.Pollack

Rogoweski 1998

1 - The Bias of Foreign Policy

2 - Krasner 1976

1900 1913

3 -

4 -

Colin Elman

5 -

6 -

James D.Fearon, op.cit, p 299

1

Giden Rose, op.cit, p 169 2

32 3

(39)

7 -

8 -

9 - bottom-up approaches

10 -

1 James Rosenau)

Issue- Area

Rosenau Linkage

1

http:elibrary.grc.to/ar/penquin/page. htm

193 2

(40)

feedback loop

2

"

54 1

314 2

92 3

(41)

top-down approaches

Utilitarian Liberalism bottom-up approaches

sub- systemic level

K.Waltz

Non Unitary

Actor

the model of homo oeconomicus

Ibid. 2

(42)

rationalist theories of politics

net gains-

seeking foreign policy goal-

oriented logic of

consequentiality

1 2 3 4 my net benefit

the

process of interest intermediation

PSA Actors

) Ibid 1

) Andrea Ribeiro Hoffmann , A synthetic approach to foreign policy, in site: 2

http://www.isanet.org/noarchive/hoffmann.html ) Ibid. 3

) Volker Rittberger, op.cit. 4

(43)

1 processes of societal interest intermediation

2 3

1

2

Ibid. 1

(44)

3

Democratic Peace Theory

) Andrea Ribeiro Hoffmann, op.cit. 1

Ibid. 2

Volker Rittberger, op.cit. 3 4

(45)

1998 Ray

Geomans 1995

3 Constructuvism

Nicholas Onuf

world of our making)

James D.Fearon, op.cit. p 303. 1

63 2

62 3

93 4

5

2005 34

(46)

global society

Intra-Societal

Extra-Societal

1

34 2

Giden Rose, op.cit, p 152. 3

145 4

146

162 5

(47)

Constructuvist Modernists

Alexandr Wendt

top-down approaches bottom-up approaches

process of socialization

) 1

Toru Oga, From Constructivism to Deconstructivism theorising the Construction and Culmination of identities, in site:

http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-htm.

2

2002 45

(48)

Alexandre Wendt

Intersubjective

Alexandr Wendt

1

the model of homo

oeconomicus the notion of homo sociologicus

40 1

) Volker Rittberger, op.cit.2

(49)

logic of

appropriateness logic of consequentiality

1 Of what kind is the situation I am in

2 Which of my several social roles is called upon in this situation

3 To what extent does each of the behavioral options I face conform to this

role 4 Which is the most appropriate course of behavior (given my situation, my

roles, and my options

Ibid. 1

(50)

intersubjectively shared

process of socialization

1 2

Ibid. 1

) Ibid 2

163 3

164

(51)

Nicholas Onuf world of our- making

The knowledge position role position

enemy rival

friend

1 2 3

43 1

) 2

Andrea Ribeiro Hoffmann, op.cit.

Ibid. 3

(52)

A.Wendt Anarchy is what state

make it

Wendt,

1992

2 A.Wendt

interest

) Toru Oga, op.cit. 1 2) Ibid.

3

34 4

(53)

Process

"

45 1

23 2

3

http://elibrary.grc.to/ar/penquin/page_3_3.htm

31 4

James Rosenau, op.cit, p p 261-274. 5

(54)

1 Domestic Environment

Joseph Frankel

The Making of Foreign Policy

Environment ( or, interchangeably, Setting ) is used as a description of all environing factors^{. (}

" Any domestic matter

may impinge on foreign policy"⁴

1 2

http://elibrary.grc.to/ar/penquin/page...htm

Joseph frankel,The making of foreign policy, (New York: Oxford university 3

press, ,1963) p 4.

4 ) Ibid.

(55)

Snyder

2

1 -

2 -

3 -

4 -

5 -

6 -

7 -

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Policy setting

4

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247 248

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205 1

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203 3

53 4

54

61 5

62

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1

http://elibrary.grc.to/ar/penquin/page...htm

206 2

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82

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http://ocw.kfupm.edu.sa/user%5CGS4230405/BBduc22.htm

(76)

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1

http://www.aljazeera.net

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¹) Barry R.Bozen ,The struggel Against terrorism ;grand strategy , and tactics, international security , vol 26, no.3, winter 2001/2002 p 14.

, 2

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1Strobe Talbott

2008

1

http://www.aleqt.com/2009/07/07/article_249025.

2 Stephen.j Blank, Prospects for U.S.-Russian. security Cooperation douglas c.

Lovelace.- March 2009 p .2 .

(189)

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.

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1

http://www.al-ayyam.com/znews/site/template/article.aspx?did=126580&date=11/16/2009

2 Réchauffement des relations américano-russes in cit :

http://www.usinenouvelle.com/article/rechauffement-des-relations-americano-russes. N114133

(192)

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133

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Trenin

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