Invited Presentation - BIM for owners and operators

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Invited Presentation - BIM for owners and operators

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BIM for Owners and Operators

John Dickinson, P. Eng., Ph.D.

John.Dickinson@nrc.gc.ca

Centre for Computer-assisted Construction Technologies

Institute for Research in Construction

National Research Council Canada

NRC-CCCT



Increasing productivity of the construction

life-cycle through applied technology

• Computational tools to aid design,

implementation & management of built resources

• Advanced visualization and training techniques

• Decision support tools

• Digital knowledge & information management

• Tools and practices to improve the efficiency of

(3)

Presentation Outline



What is BIM?

• Why care?

• Definitions

• The Promise



Opportunities

• Oversight

• Insight

• Foresight



Useful Information

• Standards

• Products

• Steps

• Support

4 John Dickinson - BIM for Owners & Operators

Construct Canada 2010

WHAT IS BIM?

Why care?

Definitions

The Promise

(4)

Why Care?

Lost Money

2004 NIST report

(Cost Analysis of Inadequate Interoperability in

the U.S. Capital Facilities Industry)



85% cost comes after construction



$15.8B/y lost due to poor interoperability

• 1-

2% industry’s revenue



2/3 during operations and maintenance phase

http://www.bfrl.nist.gov/oae/publications/gcrs/04867.pdf

BIM Standards

Organisations

(5)

BIM Definition

A Building Information Model (BIM) is:



a digital representation of physical and functional

characteristics and relationships



a lifecycle information collection point



for collaboration by different stakeholders at different

phases



focused on saving resources

• time, money, materials



founded on open standards for interoperability

http://www.buildingsmartalliance.org/index.php/nbims/about/

CAD vs. BIM



2D or 3D



Lines



Layers if done

properly



Robust exchange

standards



No standard way of

adding contextual

data



3D or more



Well-defined

collection of

facility data



Machine

interpretable



Traceability,

ownership

(6)

BIM Lifecycle View

http://www.jotne.com/project-information-owners.442302-79297.html

Building Information

Modeling



_{What it isn’t:}

• Formalised process standard



What it is:

• Using BIM for

Communication,

Collaboration

and Data Reuse

• For all aspects of a facility

• Over entire life-cycle of a facility

Autodesk (c)

(7)

OPPORTUNITIES

Oversight

Insight

Foresight

Opportunities

Oversight

• Document

existing

condition

Insight

• Understand

unique

facility

Foresight

• Prediction

based

strategies

(8)

Document or

Data Management

“BIM is a lifecycle collection point”

versus



Anecdotal, scattered, inconsistent, incomplete



Quantities, locations, asset specifications, …



Merge:

Computer-Aided Facility Management (CAFM),

Document Management (DM),

Enterprise Asset Management (EAM),

Computerized Maintenance Management System

(CMMS),

...

Share & Collaborate

“BIM for collaboration by different stakeholders”

Bridge departmental gaps via data interchange

BIM

Marketing

Property

Mgmt

...

Operations

Facility

Mgmt

(9)

Data Sources

New facilities:



Architects and Engineers

– Initial design



General Contractor

– As-built



Sub-Contractor

– Facility systems data

 Import Digital Construction Data

Existing facilities:



Design documents, building scans, current

facility records

Foresight

– Visualisation

Stakeholder

conversations:



Occupant review



Functional layouts



Interior designs



Marketing

• pre-construction

h ttp :// m y. o p e ra .co m /ki e n tru cvn /a lb u m s/ sh o w p ic. d m l? a lb u m = 7 2 4 0 1 2 & p ict u re =9 7 7 9 6 6 2 17 John Dickinson - BIM for Owners & Operators

(10)

Foresight

– Facility Appearance

Construct Canada 2010 John Dickinson - BIM for Owners & Operators 18

Geographical Rendering and Neighbourhood Impact

Interior Rendering and Walk through

(11)

Oversight

– Compliance Checking



Regulations and codes changes

• Number and location of fire extinguishers

• Location of smoke detectors

• Documented safety system checks

• Accessibility regulations



Performance requirements, sensors



Records of temperature, humidity, air exchange, quality

linked to sensor locations, used in performance models

Engineers & Contractors

- Systems & Structure

http://www.bimoutsourcing.com/hvac-service.htm

http://www.pmengineer.com/ Articles/Cover_Story/2009/0 2/01/The-Benefits-of-BIM-in-Plumbing-Design

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(12)

Insight

– Performance Analysis

Architects & Engineers



Acoustics



Energy



Lighting



Codes

Engineers



Structure



MEP



Ventilation



Fire



...

Source: RISA Technologies

Insight/Foresight

– HVAC Simulations

(13)

Specialist Simulations or

Analysis

Foresight

– Prediction

- Green/LEED/Sustainable

Orientation Optimization

Energy Analysis

(14)

Insight

– Comparison

– Facility Performance

Daily Direct Radiation Average

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 0 5 10 15 20 Time (h) D ir e c t R a di a ti on ( k J /m 2 )

2

3

1

4 N

Consummation Variation on a year

4,000.00 4,500.00 5,000.00 5,500.00 6,000.00 6,500.00 7,000.00 7,500.00 8,000.00 8,500.00 9,000.00 J a n J a n J a n J a n J a n F e b F e b F e b F e b M a r M a r M a r M a r A p r A p r A p r A p r A p r M a y M a y M a y M a y J u n J u n J u n J u n J u l J u l J u l J u l J u l A u g A u g A u g A u g S e p S e p S e p S e p S e p O c t O c t O c t O c t N o v N o v N o v N o v D e c D e c D e c D e c D e c E n e r g y C o n s u m m a ti o n ( k Wh ) Average 2003 Average 2004 Average 2005 Average 2006 Average 2007

Energy analysis, comfort, controls automation

Insight/Foresight

– Energy Software

Application

Source

DOE-2

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

EnergyPlus

U S Department of Energy

ECOTECT

Cardiff University / Autodesk

ESP-r

University of Strathclyde

eQUEST

James J. Hirsch and Associates

HOT2000/3000

Natural Resources Canada

Other possible areas:



Lighting



Day-Lighting

(15)

Foresight

– Retrofits

Accurate Cost Estimating

http://www.cadalyst.com/aec/army-corps-drawn-bim-design-3764

Quantity take-offs, dimensional measurements

Insight/Foresight

- Retrofits



Existing as-built BIM yields:

• Easier/faster design, especially systems

• System access constraints, related systems

• Impact on occupants



New design BIM yields:

• All visualization benefits

– occupants, bidders, …

• Scheduling

– planning, slippage

• Materials / Supplies

• Coordination meetings

• Progress tracking

• Off-site fabrication

– ease yard management

• Reduced RFI’s – models vs. drawings

General

Contractors

(16)

Scheduling and Workface

Coordination

General Contractors & Trades

http://www.cadalyst.com/aec/bim-and-project-planning-1-2-3-revit-tutorial-3520

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FE_zYiltsAw

Future Opportunities

Oversight/Insight



Dynamically tracked assets

– RFID



Supply chain integration

– automatic update



Condition monitoring

– sensor integration



Simulation-based system

controls



What-if scenarios made easy

(17)

System Complexity

Towers of Babel

Building

Automation

Electrical

Thermal

Ventilation

Fire

Security

Elevators

Wireless

Proprietary Hardware Protocols Format Proprietary Hardware Protocols Format Proprietary Hardware Protocols Format Proprietary Hardware Protocols Format Proprietary Hardware Protocols Format Proprietary Hardware Protocols Format Proprietary Hardware Protocols Format 32 John Dickinson - BIM for Owners & Operators

USEFUL INFORMATION

Standards

Products

Steps

Support

(18)

Interoperability at a

glance

– IFC



IFC

: Industry Foundation Classes (.ifc)

• Objects: spaces, basic building elements, ...

• Certification program

• Model View Definitions – legal subsets of data



Two common IFC2x3 model views:

• Coordination View

– design & construction

• Basic FM Hand Over – construction & operator

–

COBie

:

Construction Operations Building information exchange

–

Spreadsheet based

– contractor/supplier editable

(19)

Interoperability

gbXML & CIS/2.1



gbXML

: green building XML

• Mostly for energy and comfort modelling packages

• Chunks facility into contiguous spaces

• Equipment



CIS/2.1

: CIMsteel Integration Standards

Release 2

• Steel Construction Institute

• Structural steelwork industry

• Detailing, analysis, analysis, …

Specification’s Relevance

in Design-Bid-Build

Construct Canada 2010 IFC/Coordination View IFC/COBie View CIS/2.1 gbXML

Concept,

Design

Tender, Bid,

Procurement

Construction,

Commissioning

Operation,

Occupation

Depending on

involvement

Depending on

involvement

Interoperability

Specifications

(20)

Migrating to BIM

Long-term Elements

Successful cases of adoption of BIM included:

1. Metrics

↔ Goals

2. Building a organisation specific roadmap

3. Training personnel

• People, process, (place,) and technology

4. Maintaining data!!!

• Resources required

(Links to some case studies and articles at end of presentation)

Migrating to BIM

A Pragmatic Approach



Collect all data in original format

• And open standards

• Check data quality & completeness

• No one model rules them all



Select and work with single product families or

product partners



Review and adopt an industry process and

standards



Upgrade current software to BIM capable

Maintain it or Lose it!

(21)

Migrating to BIM: Existing

Facilities

Construct Canada 2010 John Dickinson - BIM for Owners & Operators 40



Need a model  Build a model

• Laser Scanners

–

Millions of 3D points, High accuracy

–

Conversion to CAD (not BIM) time consuming

–

MEP often missing unless exposed

• Extrude from 2D CAD

–

Less time consuming – unlikely to be As-Built

–

Plans may include MEP

Online Resources



BIM Wiki

http://bimwiki.com/



Digital Building Laboratory, Georgia Tech

• BIM Resources Link - interoperability, case studies



Associations: AIA, AGC, buildingSMART



IFMA and BOMA starting to review

(22)

Key Points

• Accurate, complete, available, usable data

• Knowledge is power – if you use it!

BIM Interoperability

• People (capabilities)

• Process (maintain and use)

• Software (unfortunately)

Needs investment in

Sooner the better

NRC Construction:

Bringing Quality to the

Built Environment

(23)

www.irc.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca

Facility Management

International Facility Management Association

(IFMA) established in 1980

FM as defined by IFMA:



A profession that encompasses multiple

disciplines to ensure functionality of the built

environment by integrating people, place,

process and technology.



Stuff (assets), spaces, services, skin,

structure, site

(24)

National Building

Information Modeling

Standard



http://www.wbdg.org/bim/nbi

ms.php



BIM Capability Maturity

Model



Version 1

– approach to

make the standard (2007)



Version 2

– standard (2011)

Capability Maturity Model

(NBIMS)



Metric for extent organisation using BIM



Point for existing process elements/technologies



11 elements

• Data Richness, Life-Cycle Views, Change Management,

• Roles or Disciplines, Business Process, Timeliness/Response,

• Delivery Method, Graphical Information, Spatial Capacity,

• Information Accuracy, and Interoperability/IFC Support



Spreadsheet tool



Maturity levels:

(25)

Capability Maturity Model

48

John Dickinson - BIM for Owners & Operators

Construct Canada 2010

Case Study & Article

Links

buildingSMART Open BIM Case Studies

http://www.buildingsmart.com/content/reference_projects

ITcon

special journal issue “Case studies of BIM use” (7 articles)

http://www.itcon.org/cgi-bin/special/Show?2007bim_use

McGraw Hill Construction Case Studies

http://www.bim.construction.com/bdc/case_studies/

Digital Building Lab @ Georgia Tech BIM Resources Case Studies

http://bim.arch.gatech.edu/reference.asp?mode=case&id=410

Event Report: AIA Convention, Part 2

http://www.cadalyst.com/aec/event-report-aia-convention-part-2-3310

Roadmap to BIM Success: An Owner’s Journey

http://www.di.net/articles/archive/3339/

BIM Implementation â

€“ Learning from the mistakes of others

http://bimjournal.com/art.asp?art=21&issue=7

Vico Case Studies

http://www.vicosoftware.com/Resources/Case_Studies/tabid/50788/Default.aspx