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Quantification gamma des radionucléides par modélisation équivalente

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(1)Quantification gamma des radionucléides par modélisation équivalente Nicolas Guillot. To cite this version: Nicolas Guillot. Quantification gamma des radionucléides par modélisation équivalente. Autre [condmat.other]. Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2015. Français. �NNT : 2015CLF22557�. �tel-01247249�. HAL Id: tel-01247249 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01247249 Submitted on 16 Feb 2016. HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés..

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(6) 7DEOHGHVPDWLqUHV ZDZ/DEd^͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘Ϯ /͘. /EdZKhd/KE͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϲ. //͘E:hy^/Ed/&/Yh^͕d,E/Yh^d/Eh^dZ/>^͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭϬ ϭ͘ ŶũĞƵdžƐĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞƐ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭϬ ϭ͘ϭ. ZĠƉŽŶƐĞŶƵŵĠƌŝƋƵĞĚƵĚĠƚĞĐƚĞƵƌ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭϬ. ϭ͘Ϯ YƵĂŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ ŶƵŵĠƌŝƋƵĞ ĚƵ ĐŽĞĨĨŝĐŝĞŶƚ Ě͛ĠƚĂůŽŶŶĂŐĞ ĚĞ ů͛ŽďũĞƚ ƐĂŶƐ ĠŵŝƐƐŝŽŶ Ě͛ŚLJƉŽƚŚğƐĞĚĞů͛ŽƉĠƌĂƚĞƵƌ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭϭ Ϯ͘ ŶũĞƵdžƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞƐ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭϮ Ϯ͘ϭ. ZĠƉŽŶƐĞŶƵŵĠƌŝƋƵĞĚƵĚĠƚĞĐƚĞƵƌ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭϯ. Ϯ͘Ϯ YƵĂŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ ŶƵŵĠƌŝƋƵĞ ĚƵ ĐŽĞĨĨŝĐŝĞŶƚ Ě͛ĠƚĂůŽŶŶĂŐĞ ĚĞ ů͛ŽďũĞƚ ƐĂŶƐ ĠŵŝƐƐŝŽŶ Ě͛ŚLJƉŽƚŚğƐĞĚĞů͛ŽƉĠƌĂƚĞƵƌ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭϰ ϯ͘ ŶũĞƵdžŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĞůƐ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭϰ ϯ͘ϭ. ZĠƉŽŶƐĞŶƵŵĠƌŝƋƵĞĚƵĚĠƚĞĐƚĞƵƌ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭϰ. ϯ͘Ϯ YƵĂŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƚŝŽŶ ŶƵŵĠƌŝƋƵĞ ĚƵ ĐŽĞĨĨŝĐŝĞŶƚ Ě͛ĠƚĂůŽŶŶĂŐĞ ĚĞ ů͛ŽďũĞƚ ƐĂŶƐ ĠŵŝƐƐŝŽŶ Ě͛ŚLJƉŽƚŚğƐĞĚĞů͛ŽƉĠƌĂƚĞƵƌ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭϱ ///͘ZWKE^EhDZ/YhhddhZ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭϲ ϭ͘ ĞƐĐƌŝƉƚŝŽŶ Ğƚ ĠƚĂƚ ĚĞ ů͛Ăƌƚ ĚĞ ů͛ŽďƚĞŶƚŝŽŶ ĚĞ ůĂ ƌĠƉŽŶƐĞ ŶƵŵĠƌŝƋƵĞ Ě͛ƵŶ ĚĠƚĞĐƚĞƵƌ ŐĂŵŵĂ'Ğ,W͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭϲ ϭ͘ϭĞƐĐƌŝƉƚŝŽŶĚ͛ƵŶĚĠƚĞĐƚĞƵƌ;'Ğ,WͿ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭϲ ϭ͘ϮƚĂƚĚĞů͛ƌƚ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϭϵ ϭ͘ϯEŽƵǀĞĂƵƚĠƉƌŽƉŽƐĠĞ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϮϮ Ϯ͘ ĠƚĞƌŵŝŶĂƚŝŽŶ ĚĞƐ ƉĂƌĂŵğƚƌĞƐ ŝŵƉĂĐƚĂŶƚƐ ĞŶ ǀƵĞ ĚĞ ŵŽĚĠůŝƐĞƌ ů͛ĠĐĂƌƚ ĞŶƚƌĞ ůĂ ƌĠƉŽŶƐĞŶƵŵĠƌŝƋƵĞĞƚůĂƌĠƉŽŶƐĞƌĠĞůůĞ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘Ϯϯ Ϯ͘ϭsŽĐĂďƵůĂŝƌĞĞƚĚĠĨŝŶŝƚŝŽŶƐ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘Ϯϰ Ϯ͘ϮDŽĚĠůŝƐĂƚŝŽŶŵĂƚŚĠŵĂƚŝƋƵĞĚĞů͛ĠĐĂƌƚŶŽƌŵĂůŝƐĠƌĞůĂƚŝĨ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘Ϯϵ Ϯ͘ϯŽŶĐůƵƐŝŽŶƐƐƵƌůĞƉůĂŶĨƌĂĐƚŝŽŶŶĂŝƌĞ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϰϴ ϯ͘ ŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŶĞŵĞŶƚŐĠŽŵĠƚƌŝƋƵĞŽƉƚŝŵŝƐĠĚƵƐĐŚĠŵĂĚĠƚĞĐƚĞƵƌƉĂƌƉůĂŶĚΖĞdžƉĠƌŝĞŶĐĞƐ  ϰϵ ϯ͘ϭDŽĚĠůŝƐĂƚŝŽŶŵĂƚŚĠŵĂƚŝƋƵĞĚĞůĂƌĠƉŽŶƐĞĚƵĚĠƚĞĐƚĞƵƌ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϰϵ ϯ͘ϮKƉƚŝŵŝƐĂƚŝŽŶĚĞƐǀĂůĞƵƌƐĚĞƐĨĂĐƚĞƵƌƐ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϱϯ ϰ͘ ƚƵĚĞ ĚĞƐ ĞƌƌĞƵƌƐ ƉŽƚĞŶƚŝĞůůĞƐ ƐƵƌ ůĞ ĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶŶĞŵĞŶƚ ŽƉƚŝŵŝƐĠ ĚĞ ůĂ ƌĠƉŽŶƐĞ ŶƵŵĠƌŝƋƵĞĚƵĚĠƚĞĐƚĞƵƌ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϱϱ ϰ͘ϭĠĨŝŶŝƚŝŽŶĚĞƐĞƌƌĞƵƌƐ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ϱϲ . .

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